专题五 动词和动词短语(+完形填空+语篇填空+短文改错)A级 基础过关Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2022湖北黄冈中学三模)Inthecourseofservingtea,thehostshouldtakecarefulnoticeofhowmuchwateris (remain)inthecupsandinthekettle. 答案remaining2.Thereshouldbemoreandmoreculturalexchangesbetweenussoasto (deep)ourunderstandingofeachother. 答案deepen3.(2022陕西西安二模)LiHuareadherdiaryentryfromthepreviousday,which (say):“Irealizethataswellasmakingtimeformyfriends,Ishouldalsohavesometimetomyself.” 答案said4.Thenewelectricbicycles (sell)welland (sell)outwithintwodays. 答案sold;weresold5.Alady (appear)suddenlyinfrontofme,andaskedforahelp, (appear)anxious. 答案appeared;appearing6.Nomatterwhatdifficultyyouwillmeet ,carryoutyourplan. 答案with7.Ifthedayturns wetwemayhavetochangeourplans. 答案out8.Duringtheexperiment,weshouldtakenotice whatourteacherdoes. 8\n答案of9.Weshouldtake accounttheproposalsofourparentsandsoshouldthey. 答案into10.Studentsshouldbefreed endlessexaminationandhomework. 答案fromⅡ.单句改错1.Pleasehandonthepaperstothoseseatingatthebackoftheclassroom. 答案seating→seated或sitting2.GreaterchangeshadbeenhappenedthanIexpectedwhenIreturnedtomyhometownlastyear. 答案去掉been3.BobhasvisitedtomanyregionsofChinaandisdeeplyimpressedwithitsrapiddevelopment. 答案去掉to4.Iwasabouttogoshoppingthatafternoon,butitwasoccurredtomethatIhadanappointmentwithmydentist. 答案去掉第二个was5.Howniceitwasfelttohaveacupoficedcoffeeinsuchhotweather! 答案去掉was6.IhadtolookthroughmypaperagainforIhappenedtotakenoticeseveralspellingmistakes. 答案notice后加of7.Onarrivingatthefarm,weweredividedintofourgroupsandbeguntohelpthefarmerswiththeirharvest. 答案begun→began8.Asastudent,youshouldtoputyourheartintoyourlessonsandliveuptoyourparents’expectations. 答案去掉should后的to9.Allmyclassmatesarebusypreparingthefollowingend-of-termexamination.8\n 答案preparing后加for10.Whenmeetingwithdifficulty,youshouldtalktofamilymembersandfriendstoreducingthestress,maybetheycangiveyousomepracticaladvice. 答案reducing→reduceB级 能力提升Ⅲ.完形填空(2022河北衡水中学押题卷)Expertssayboredomisgoodforkids.Itforcesthemtobecreative, 1 theirimaginations,andhelpsthemdiscovernewthings.A(n) 2 inpointis13-year-oldLukeThrillfromDubuque,Iowa. Lukewas 3 ofplayingvideogamesandridinghisbike,sohedecidedtobuildatinyhouseinhisbackyardinstead.Hemademoneyfromcuttinglawns(草坪)and 4 exchangedsomeservices,suchasgainingthehelpofanelectricalengineer 5 sweepinghisgarage.Lukealso 6 sparematerialsfromhisgrandmother’shouseandother 7 materialsfromhisneighborsforsomeofthewindowsandthedoor. The89-square-foothomecost$1,500tobuildand 8 18months.Insidethere’sakitchenette,abacksittingroom,atableandamounted(镶嵌的)TV,andanupstairsbedroomcanbeeasily 9 bystairway. AlthoughLukedidthe 10 andlearnedhowtodoallthework,hehadhisfather’s 11 throughouttheproject.GregThrillwasveryhappythathissonlearnedtostayon 12 anddealwithgrown-ups. 13 ,hehadsomesimpleruleswhenLuke 14 thehouse:“You 15 themoney.Youbuildit.Andyouownit.” Lukeisnowinlovewith 16 .HehasaYouTubechannelandhopesto 17 otherkidstostartbuilding. 18 ,hewantstobuildabiggertinyhousetolivein,butfornow,he 19 inhisnewhomeafewnightsaweek,doeshomeworkthere,andusesittotakea 20 fromhistwinbrother. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过来自Dubuque,Iowa的13岁的卢克对建筑感兴趣的例子,证明无聊对孩子有好处。它迫使他们变得有创造力,提高他们的想象力,帮助他们发现新的东西。 1.A.changesB.ignoresC.improvesD.weakens答案C解析考查动词。change“改变”;ignore“忽视”;improve“提高”;weaken“变弱”。它迫使他们变得有创造力,提高他们的想象力,帮助他们发现新的东西。根据下文的“helpsthemdiscovernewthings”可知“提高”想象力,故选C项。8\n2.A.methodB.explanationC.procedureD.case答案D解析考查名词。method“方法”;explanation“解释”;procedure“程序”;case“情况,案例”。一个恰当的例子是来自LukeThrillfromDubuque,Iowa的13岁的卢克。此处指的是一个“案例”,故选D项。3.A.tiredB.fondC.confidentD.guilty答案A解析考查形容词。tired“劳累的”;fond“喜爱的”;confident“自信的”;guilty“有罪的”。Luke厌倦了玩电子游戏和骑自行车,所以他决定在他的后院建一个小房子。betiredof“对……感到厌烦”,故答案为A项。4.A.thusB.evenC.stillD.anyhow答案B解析考查副词。thus“因此”;even“甚至”;still“仍然”;anyhow“无论如何”。他从修剪草坪上赚了钱,甚至还交换了一些服务,比如通过帮忙打扫车库来换取一名电气工程师的帮助。故选B项。5.A.inexchangeforB.inpraiseforC.insupportofD.inplaceof答案A解析考查词组。inexchangefor“交换”;inpraisefor“因为……赞美”;insupportof“支持”;inplaceof“代替”。他从修剪草坪上赚了钱,甚至还交换了一些服务,比如通过帮忙打扫车库来换取一名电气工程师的帮助。根据“suchasgainingthehelpofanelectricalengineer 5 sweepinghisgarage.”可知此处的意思是“交换”,故选A项。 6.A.updatedB.orderedC.removedD.used答案D解析考查动词。update“更新”;order“命令”;remove“拆除”;use“使用”。Luke还用他祖母家的备用材料和邻居的其他回收材料做了一些窗户和门。故选D项。7.A.recycledB.cheapC.newD.raw答案A解析考查形容词。recycled“回收利用的”;cheap“便宜的”;new“新的”;raw“未加工的”。Luke还用他祖母家的备用材料和邻居的其他回收材料做了一些窗户和门。故选A项。8.A.spentB.tookC.savedD.wasted答案B8\n解析考查动词。spend“花费”;take“花费,拿走”;save“挽救”;waste“浪费”。这个89平方英尺的房子建造花费了1500美元和18个月的时间。spend“花费”,主语是“人”;take“花费”的主语是“物”,故选B项。9.A.supportedB.accessedC.heldD.landed答案B解析考查动词。support“支持”;access“接近,获取”;hold“举行”;land“登陆”。里面有一个小厨房,一个后客厅,一张桌子和一个挂着的电视,楼上的卧室可以很容易地通过楼梯进入。可知此处指很容易地通过楼梯“进入”,故选B项。10.A.researchB.houseworkC.experimentD.discovery答案A解析考查名词。research“研究”;housework“家务”;experiment“实验”;discovery“发现”。虽然Luke做了研究,并学会了如何做所有的工作,但他在整个项目中都得到了父亲的帮助。根据“learnedhowtodoallthework”可知,Luke做了研究,故选A项。11.A.permissionB.helpC.controlD.order答案B解析考查名词。permission“许可”;help“帮助”;control“控制”;order“命令”。虽然Luke做了研究,并学会了如何做所有的工作,但他在整个项目中都得到了父亲的帮助。根据“AlthoughLukedidthe 10 andlearnedhowtodoallthework...”可知,Luke整个过程得到了父亲的“帮助”,故选B项。 12.A.creditB.businessC.budgetD.duty答案C解析考查名词。credit“信用”;business“生意”;budget“预算”;duty“职责”。他的儿子学会了保持预算和处理成年人的问题,他非常高兴。根据dealwithgrown-ups可知他学会了保持“预算”,故选C项。13.A.ThereforeB.BesidesC.RatherD.However答案D解析考查副词。therefore“因此”;besides“另外”;rather“宁愿”;however“然而”。然而,当卢克开始建造这所房子时,他有一些简单的规则:“你筹集资金。你建设它。和你拥有它。”上文提到整个过程他得到了父亲的帮助,而下文的“hehadsomesimpleruleswhenLuke 14 thehouse”说明前后表示“转折”,故选D项。 14.A.finishedB.decoratedC.startedD.painted答案C8\n解析考查动词。finish“完成”;decorate“装饰”;start“开始,起动”;paint“油漆,绘画”。然而,当卢克开始建造这所房子时,他有一些简单的规则:“你筹集资金。你建设它。和你拥有它。”故选C项。15.A.borrowB.donateC.raiseD.distribute答案C解析考查动词。borrow“借”;donate“捐赠”;raise“提高,养育”;distribute“分布,分配”。然而,当卢克开始(建造)这所房子时,他有一些简单的规则:“你筹集资金。你建设它。和你拥有它。”此处表示“筹集资金”,故选C项。16.A.booksB.videosC.ridingD.building答案D解析考查名词。video“视频”;ride“骑马”;building“建筑物”。Luke现在爱上了建筑。根据下文startbuilding可知答案为D项。17.A.inspireB.pressC.commandD.warn答案A解析考查动词。inspire“鼓舞”;press“按压”;command“命令,指挥”;warn“警告”。他有一个YouTube频道,希望能激励其他孩子开始建筑。故选A项。18.A.LuckilyB.EventuallyC.FrequentlyD.Strangely答案B解析考查副词。luckily“幸运地”;eventually“最后”;frequently“频繁地”;strangely“奇怪地”。最终,他想要建造一个更大的房子住在里面,但现在,他每周都要在他的新房子里呆上几个晚上,在那里做家庭作业,用它来休息一下避开他的双胞胎兄弟。故选B项。19.A.bringsoutB.leavesoutC.hangsoutD.putsout答案C解析考查动词词组。bringout“生产,出版”;leaveout“遗漏,不考虑”;hangout“挂出,闲逛”;putout“熄灭,出版”。故选C项。20.A.rideB.riskC.chanceD.break答案D解析考查名词。ride“骑,乘坐”;risk“冒险”;chance“机会”;break“破裂,间断”。故选D项。Ⅳ.语篇填空(2022湖北黄冈中学二模)8\nThankstonewrules,manystudentsinZhejiangandHeilongjiangprovincescannowstayinbedlongerthan1..OnFeb23,theZhejiangDepartmentofEducationpublishedanewguidelinethat2.(allow)primaryschoolstostartschoollater,reportedXinhuaNewsAgency.Accordingtotheguideline,start3.(time)couldvaryamongdifferentgradesandseasons,withstudentsinGrade1and2startingno4.(early)than8:30am.5.similarguidelinewasannouncedbytheeducationdepartmentinHeilongjiangProvinceonFeb24.Now,seniorhighschoolstudentsintheprovincearerequired6.(get)toschoolat7:30amattheearliest.Thesechangesareaimed7.makingsurestudentsgetadequatesleepandenoughtimeforbreakfast.Beforetheguideline8.(publish),manyprimaryschoolstudentsinZhejiangmustarriveatschoolasearlyas7or7:30am,9.leftmanyofthemarriving10.(feel)tiredandhungry.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲为了确保学生获得充足的睡眠和足够的早餐时间,浙江省和黑龙江省的教育厅发布了新的条例,对学生入校时间做出了新的规定。1.before 考查副词。多亏了新的条例,浙江省和黑龙江省的学生们在床上待的时间比以前更长了。表示“以前”,所以填before。2.allows 考查定语从句。“that 2 (allow)primaryschoolstostartschoollater”作定语,修饰anewguideline。allow在数上要与先行词anewguideline保持一致,所以谓语动词用单数allows。 3.times 考查固定用法。根据指导方针,开始时间会根据不同的年级和季节进行变化。starttimes“开始时间”,是固定用法,所以填times。4.earlier 考查比较级。一年级和二年级的学生早上入校时间不早于八点半。根据than,可确定这里需要使用比较级,所以填earlier。5.A 考查冠词。一个相似的指导方针被黑龙江教育局宣布。泛指“一个相似的指导方针”,且similar以辅音音素开头,所以填不定冠词a。6.toget 考查固定句型。berequiredtodosth.“被要求做某事”,是固定句型,所以填toget。7.at 考查固定短语。这些改变旨在确保学生获得充足的睡眠和足够的吃早餐的时间。aimat“目的在于”,是固定短语,所以填at。8.waspublished 考查时态和语态。这里表示指导方针被公布之前。表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,“指导方针”和“公布”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,综上所述,用一般过去时的被动语态,所以填waspublished。9.which 考查非限制性定语从句。“ 9 leftmanyofthemarriving 10 (feel)tiredandhungry”作定语,修饰整个主句内容,且有逗号和主句隔开,所以该部分是一个非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,所以填which。 8\n10.feeling 考查非谓语动词。feel与其逻辑主语manyofthem之间是主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式feeling。Ⅴ.短文改错(2022河南南阳检测)ThatIwasinthesecondgrade,mymotherwouldfrequentlysendmetheretothelittleneighborhoodstore.OnedayIwentwithalist,andwhenthestorekeeper’sbackturned,Icouldn’thelpreachintohiscandyboxonthecounterandpocketingone.Onthewayhome,Ienjoyedthemverymuch.ButIfeltguiltaboutitsomuch.ThereforewhenIspottedtheoldstorekeeperatthefootballgameduringmyhighschoolyears,Iapologizedathim.Hesmiled,holdingouthishand,andsaid,“Youowemetencent.”答案ThatWhenIwasinthesecondgrade,mymotherwouldfrequentlysendmetheretothelittleneighborhoodstore.OnedayIwentwithalist,andwhenthestorekeeper’sback∧wasturned,Icouldn’thelpreachreachingintohiscandyboxonthecounterandpocketingone.Onthewayhome,Ienjoyedthemitverymuch.ButIfeltguiltguiltyaboutitsomuch.ThereforewhenIspottedtheoldstorekeeperattheafootballgameduringmyhighschoolyears,Iapologizedattohim.Hesmiled,holdingheldouthishand,andsaid,“Youowemetencentcents.”8
