阶段滚动卷(二)(建议用时:40分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空(2022·肇庆三模)NicoleBasil,12,startedPedalPowerin2022.Thecharitydonates 1 tostudentsinChicagopublicschools. 2 abikeisgoodexerciseandgreatfun.Butwhatdoyoudowithabikeafteryououtgrowit?NicoleBasil,12,fromWilmette,Illinois,hasaterrific 3 answertothisquestion.Whenshewas8yearsold,shecreatedPedalPower.Itisacharitythat 4 bikesthatkidshaveoutgrownanddonatesthemtoChicagopublicschools.EveryNovember,Nicole 5 forabikedrive.SheheldherfirstdriveinWilmettein2022.Shepassedoutflyersinherschoolto 6 word.HerfriendshelpedaddtwomoredonationlocationsinNorthbrookandParkRidge,Illinois.Since2022,Nicolehascollectedanddonatedmorethan1,000bikes.Inaddition,PedalPowersuppliedriderswith400helmetslastyear.“Itisimportanttoride 7 onabike,andhelmetsareabigpartofthat,”Nicolesays.TheWilmetteBicycle&SportShophelpstobe 8 alldonatedbikesaresafetoride.Eachbike 9 afive-minutecheck-upbytheshop’semployees.Theco-owneroftheshopsaidheis 10 tohelpacharitythatbenefitsthecommunity.Hesaid,“WeneedmorepeoplelikeNicolethatwilldothingsjustto 11 people.”Thebikesaregivenas 12 tostudentswhohavegoodgradesandperfect 13 .“Somekidsaren’tasluckyasothers,buttheystilldowellinschool,”shesays.“AndIthinktheyshouldberewardedforthat.”BartonDassinger,ateacherinChicagosaid,“It’sbeenagreatwayto 14 studentstodotheirbest.Theyworkhardtotrytomakeithappen.”Nicolehasreceivede-mailsandphonecallsfromparentsandteachersthatsaytestscoresandgradesare 15 .“Bikescantakeyoufar,”shesays.“Goodgradescantakeyouevenfurther.”1.A.bikesB.moneyC.clothesD.food2.A.RepairingB.RidingC.BuyingD.Sharing3.A.completeB.brilliantC.briefD.honest4.A.checksB.findsC.collectsD.sells5.A.callsB.appliesC.preparesD.looks6.A.catchB.presentC.leaveD.spread7.A.safelyB.skillfullyC.carefullyD.slowly8.A.awareB.sureC.confidentD.excited9.A.avoidsB.receivesC.expectsD.continues10.A.calmB.luckyC.happyD.eager11.A.greetB.pleaseC.amuseD.help12.A.rewardsB.reminders-5-\nC.surprisesD.choices13.A.informationB.attendanceC.descriptionD.statement14.A.inspireB.forceC.allowD.persuade15.A.slippingB.changingC.hurtingD.improvingⅡ.语法填空(2022·中山五模)TomostChinesestudents,studyingabroadcouldbeaburden.Therearelotsofdifficultiesfacingthemeveryday—languagebarrier,cultureshock,gaps 16 EasternandWesternlifestyles,expensivetuitionfeesandendlessresearchprojects.ToSongYinan,however,studyingabroadwasa(n) 17 (forget)experience.Inherbook,Kiki’sLondonDiary,shetellsherstoriesin 18 optimisticway.ThelanguagebarrieristhebiggestdifficultyChinesestudentswillmeetabroad.Inastory 19 (write)atthebeginningofherfirstterminLondon,Songsufferedsome 20 (embarrass)duringawelcomingparty, 21 shewasintroducedtosomedrinkandwine.However,shefoundthatshecouldn’treadmostoftheEnglishnamesofthedrinksandtherefore 22 (drink)onlycolaandfruitjuice.Shedescribedabout 23 redherfacewas.Songsays 24 isnormalformostChinesetolosefacewhentheystudyabroad.Andsheishappytosharethestorywithothers.Throughoutthebook,readerscanfeeltheoptimismandpersistenceofthisgirl.HerstudyandlifeexperiencesaresuretodelightanyChinese 25 (study)abroadorwhoplantodoso.Ⅲ.阅读理解ABatteriesareincluded,butthecharger’snot.TheNokiaE-Cuconceptphonedoesn’tneedtoplugin;itchargesfromanyheatsource.DesignerPatrickHylandsaysitcanevenworkoffthewarmthofyourpocket.Thefirsttime“itwouldtakeapproximatelysevenhourstoreachfullcharge,thenafterthatit’scontinuouslychargingbykeepingthephoneinareasbetween86degreesand104degreesFahrenheit.”That’sonehotpocket.He’sputathermogenerator(热偶发电器)insidethephonethattransformsheatintoelectricpotentialenergy.Tobetterconducttheheattothatlittlepowerplantinyourpocket,theE-Cu(Eforenergy,Cuforcopper)iscoatedbycopperbackingwithheatsinkslikethosenormallyusedtokeepelectronicsfromoverheating.Nokiadoesn’thavecurrentplanstobuildthephone,sofornowitremainsaconcept.ButHylandsayshe’sopentoanyonewhowantstocooperate.ForAmericansthistechnologywouldcertainlybeconvenient.Itwouldalsosaveabitonenergybillsandwaste.”Annually,unwantedphonechargersproduce51,000tonsofwasteinadditiontothegreenhousegasescreatedbytheproductionoftheelectricityneededtochargethem,”Hylandsays.Soacharger-freephoneisalsoagreenphone.Thoughadaptingourplug-inhabitswouldhelpagroupofpeople,mostcellphonerelatedenergyusecomesfromleavingyourchargerpluggedinalldayunnecessarily.Therealpotentialforcharger-freecellphonetechnologyiswhatitcouldenableplaceswhere-5-\nplugginginisn’tanoption,likeruralareasinthedevelopingworld.Cellphonesarespreadingfasterthanpowerlinesandbringingwiththemcountlessopportunities,aidandhealthadvances.AphoneliketheE-Cu,ifitevercomestobe,wouldenableallmannerofexpandedaidanddevelopmentbyphoneprojects.Let’shopePatrickfindsapartner.26.WhatdoweknowabouttheE-Cuphone?A.Itdoesn’thaveabatteryoracharger.B.Itisproperlymarketedandsellswell.C.It’scontinuouslychargingfromanyarea.D.Ithasahighlyconductivecoppercover.27.What’sthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart“heatsinks”inParagraph2?A.Togiveoffheat.B.Tomeasureheat.C.Toturnupheat.D.Tosupplyheat.28.Acharger-freephoneisfriendlytotheenvironmentbecause .A.itisjustaconceptB.itisself-chargeableC.itbringsconvenienceD.itisnowasteofmoney29.Fromthelasttwoparagraphswecanknowthat .A.PatrickisnotreadytocooperatewithothersB.powerlinesspreadeverycorneroftheworldC.phoneprojectsmayhelpsolvetheenergycrisisD.phonesliketheE-Cuhavehugepotentialbenefits30.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.DesignerPatrickHylandB.NokiaConceptPhoneonSaleC.ChargingYourPhonefromPocketsD.BenefitingfromPhoneTechnologyBManagersandofficebusybodiesmightbekeenonacleandesk—butitseemsthatintermsofproductivity,theycouldhaveitallwrong.Amessydeskcanactuallyleadpeopletowardsclearerthinking,sayresearchersfromGermany.Theresearchersfoundinaseriesoflinkedstudies—usingamessydeskandamessyshopfront—thatpeopleactuallythoughtmoreclearlywhenallaroundwaschaos,astheysoughttosimplifythetasksathand.Thatis,visualandmentalclutter(杂乱)forceshumanbeingstofocusandthinkmoreclearly.Forinstance,famousthinkersandwriterssuchasAlbertEinsteinandRoaldDahlhavebeennotoriousfortheiruntidydesks.“Messydesksmaynotbeasdetrimentalastheyappeartobe,astheproblem-solvingapproachestheyseemtocausecanboostworkefficiencyorenhanceemployees’creativityinproblemsolving,”saytheauthors.Oddly,theeffectseemstoworkmostonconservatives—politicalliberalsarelessliabletobeworriedaboutmessinthefirstplace,saytheresearchers.“Businessandgovernmentmanagersoftenpromote‘cleandesk’policiestoavoiddisorganizedofficesandmessydesks,forthepurposeofboostingworkefficiencyandproductivity.”writesaresearcher,JiaLiuoftheUniversityofGroningen,“Thispracticeisbasedontheconventionalwisdomthatadisorganizedandmessyenvironmentcanclutterone’smindandcomplicateone’sjudgments”.-5-\n“However,notallevidencesupportsthisconventionallinkbetweenamessyenvironmentandamessymind”.Thescientiststestedpeople’sresponseinvariousmessyenvironments,includingamessyshopfront,adisorganizeddesk,andevenaworkenvironmentwherealanguagetaskremindedpeopleofmessiness.Theauthorsfoundintheseriesofsixstudiesthatpeopletendedtowardssimplicityintheirthinking.“Theycategorizedproductsinasimplermanner,werewillingtopaymoreforaT-shirtthatdepictsasimple-lookingpicture,andsoughtlessvarietyintheirchoices”,saidtheresearchers.31.Accordingtothetext,aproperwaytoleadpeopletowardsclearerthinkingisto .A.makealistofprioritiesB.simplifythetasksathandC.followfamouspeopleD.messuptheirmind32.WhydidtheauthortakeAlbertEinsteinandRoaldDahlforexample?A.Totellreadersuntidydeskscanmakeyouasfamousascelebrities.B.Toconvincereadersthatuntidinessisnotallthatbad.C.Toinformreadersofonewaytosuccess—untidydesks.D.Toattractreadersandshowtheauthor’swiderangeofknowledge.33.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Amessyenvironmentwillcertainlyleadtoamessymind.B.Acleanenvironmentwilldogreatharmtoworkefficiency.C.Peopletendtoclearupthemessbeforethinkingclearly.D.Allpeoplearenotinfavorof“cleandesk”intheoffice.34.Theunderlinedword“detrimental”inPara3probablymeans .A.disadvantageousB.usefulC.beneficialD.accessible35.Whatisthemainideaforthispassage?A.Themessierthedesksare,themoreefficienttheemployeesare.B.Messydesksintheofficecanhaveapositiveeffectonemployees.C.Weshouldmakeourofficemessytoimproveourworkefficiency.D.Cleandeskscanboosttheemployees’productivityandcreativity.答案解析1.【解析】选A。词汇复现题。下文bikes原词复现。2.【解析】选B。词汇复现题。下文ride原词复现。3.【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。由下文内容可知,选褒义词合适。4.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。收集(collect)单车。5.【解析】选C。固定搭配题。preparefor,为……做准备。6.【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。传播(spread)消息。7.【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据下一段的alldonatedbikesaresafetoride可知。8.【解析】选B。固定搭配题。besure确保。9.【解析】选B。固定搭配题。接受检查。10.【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。behappytohelpothers乐于帮助。-5-\n11.【解析】选D。词汇复现题。上文help原词复现。12.【解析】选A。词汇复现题。下文rewarded派生词复现。13.【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据goodgrades和下一句中的dowellinschool可知此处指出“全勤”。14.【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。鼓舞学生。15.【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据她说的话可知,此处指成绩在提升。16.【解析】between,介词,between两者之间。17.【解析】unforgettable,形容词,形容词作定语。18.【解析】an,冠词,不定冠词an表量指。19.【解析】written,非谓语动词,过去分词作后置定语。20.【解析】embarrassment,名词,名词形式作suffer的宾语。21.【解析】where,定语从句的关系词,where引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作地点状语。22.【解析】drank,谓语时态和语态,一般过去式作谓语。23.【解析】how,名词性从句的连接词,how引导宾语从句,在从句中作程度状语。24.【解析】it,代词限定又指代,it作形式主语,指代作真正主语的不定式短语。25.【解析】studying,非谓语动词,现在分词作定语。【文章大意】本文介绍的是一种不用插入电源、在口袋里即可获得电能的手机。26.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段“...theE-Cu(Eforenergy,Cuforcopper)iscoatedbycopperbackingwithheatsinkslikethosenormallyusedtokeepelectronicsfromoverheating.”可知,这种手机有一个铜制的后盖,可以防止电器过热,所以有一个导热性很强的盖子。27.【解析】选A。推理判断题。画线部分后面“...likethosenormallyusedtokeepelectronicsfromoverheating.”作出了解释,说明是用来散热的。28.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段“Annually,unwantedphonechargersproduce51,000tonsofwasteinadditiontothegreenhousegasescreatedbytheproductionoftheelectricityneededtochargethem.”和“Soacharger-freephoneisalsoagreenphone.”看出,这种手机不需要像普通手机那样插入电源充电,有节能的功能;根据第一段“...itchargesfromanyheatsource.”可知这种手机是从热源那里获得电源,通过里面配置的热偶发电器把热能随时转换为电能,因此绿色环保,答案为B项。29.【解析】选D。推理判断题。从后两段看出,即使在没有电源的地方也可以使用这种手机,结合“countlessopportunities,aidandhealthadvances”判断,这种手机潜力无限、前景广阔。30.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。全文介绍了这种没有电源也可以使用的手机。所以选C。【文章大意】杂乱的办公桌能够使雇员思维清晰,研究者们为此做了一系列的实验。31.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,当四周混乱的时候,他们的思维更清晰。因为他们试图简化手头的工作。32.【解析】选B。推理判断题。第二段倒数第二句“视觉上和精神上的杂乱迫使人们集中注意力、思维更清晰”;最后一句接着举了AlbertEinsteinandRoaldDahl的例子,就是为了说明上一句的。33.【解析】选D。细节理解题。D项的意思是“并不是所有人都赞成办公室里清洁的桌子”。可从倒数第三段第一句可知。34.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据下句可知“……它们导致的解决问题的方法能够提升工作效率”。所以第一句的意思是“杂乱的桌子看上去似乎不像它们看上去那么有害”。35.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。由第一段最后一句可知本文主要讲了杂乱的办公桌对雇员起的积极作用,有助于他们思维清晰。-5-
