重庆市2022高考英语 阅读理解临考训练（3）

2022重庆市高考英语（阅读理解）临考训练（3）及答案解析Throughoutthehistoryofthearts,thenatureofcreativityhasremainedconstanttoartists.Nomatterwhatobjectstheyselect,artistsaretobringforthnewforcesandformsthatcausechange-tofindpoetrywherenoonehaseverseenorexperienceditbefore.Landscape(风景)isanotherunchangingelementofart.Itcanbefoundfromancienttimesthroughthe17th-centuryDutchpainterstothe19th-centuryromanticistsandimpressionists.Inthe1970sAlfredLeslie,oneofthenewAmericanrealists,continuedthispractice.LesliesoughtoutthesameplacewhereThomasCole,aromanticist,hadproducedpaintingsofthesamesceneacenturyandahalfbefore.UnlikeColewhoinsistsonafeelingoflonelinessandtheideaoffindingpeaceinnature,Lesliepaintswhatheactuallysees.Inhispaintings,thereisnoparticularchangeinemotion,andheincludesordinarythingslikethehighwayinthebackground.Healsotakesadvantageofthelatestdevelopmentsofcolorphotography(摄影术)tohelpboththeeyeandthememorywhenheimproveshispaintingbackinhisworkroom.Besides,allartbegstheage-oldquestion:Whatisreal?Eachgenerationofartistshasshowntheirunderstandingofrealityinoneformoranother.Theimpressionistssawrealityinbriefemotionaleffects,therealistsineverydaysubjectsandinforestscenes,andtheCro-Magnoncavepeopleintheirnaturalisticdrawingsoftheanimalsintheancientforests.Tosumup,understandingrealityisanecessarystruggleforartistsofallperiods.Overthousandsofyearsthefunctionoftheartshasremainedrelativelyconstant.Pastorpresent,EasternorWestern,theartsareabasicpartofourimmediateexperience.Manyanddifferentarethefacesofart,andtogethertheyexpressthebasicneedandhopeofhumanbeings.72.Leslie'spaintingsareextraordinarybecause.A.theyarecloseinstyletoworksinancienttimesB.theylooklikeworksby19th-centurypainters-6-\nC.theydrawattentiontocommonthingsinlifeD.theydependheavilyoncolorphotography73.Whatistheauthor'sopinionofartisticreality?A.Itwillnotbefoundinfutureworksofart.B.Itdoesnothavealong-lastingstandard.C.Itisexpressedinafixedartisticform.D.Itislackinginmodernworksofart.74.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestabouttheartsinthelastparagraph?A.Theyexpresspeople'scuriosityaboutthepast.B.Theymakepeopleinterestedineverydayexperience.C.Theyareconsideredimportantforvarietyinform.D.Theyareregardedasamirrorofthehumansituation.75.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Historyofthearts.B.Basicquestionsofthearts.C.Newdevelopmentsinthearts.D.Useofmoderntechnologyinthearts.3答案72.C73.B74.D75.B******************************************************结束(第******篇)FindWhichDirectionIsSouthDoyouhaveagoodsenseofdirection?Ifnot,pleasetakewithyouacompass.Butifyouforgettotakeacompass,youcanstillfindyourway.It’sneveragoodideatoimaginethatthefamilymemberwhowasentrusted(委托)withthejobofmapreadingactuallyknowswherethefamilyis.Youcantellbytheslightlyconfusedlookontheirfacesthatnothingonthegroundseemstomatchthemap.Nevermind.Thesunisshiningandit’sstillmorning.Ifyoudon’tknowtheexacttime,youcanstillfindoutwheresouthis,butyou’llneedtobepatient.①Findastraightstickandputitinthegroundinaplacewhereyoucanmarkitsshadow.-6-\n②Trytopositionthestickasvertically(垂直)asyoucan.Youcancheckthisbymakingasimpleplumbline(铅锤线)withapieceofstringandweight.Youhaven’tgotanystring？OK,useathreadfromyourclotheswithabuttontiedattheendtoactasaweight.③Marktheendoftheshadowcastbythestick.④Waitapproximatelyhalfanhourandmarktheendoftheshadowagain.⑤Keepdoingthisuntilyouhavemadeseveralmarks.⑥Themarknearestthestickwillrepresenttheshortestshadow,whichiscastatmidday,whenthesunishighestintheskyandpointingtotheexactsouth.⑦Pickapointinthedistancealongthelinebetweentheshortestshadowandthestick.⑧Thatpointissouthofwhereyouare.⑨Nowyoucanturnthemap,likeyoudidbefore,andfindwhichwayyoushouldbetravelling.[语篇解读]　你有好的方向感吗？如果没有，那就要带上指南针。如果没带指南针呢？你仍然可以用其他方法找到方向，本文就是教你如何找到方向的。1．Tofindthedirection,weoughttobepatientprobablybecause________.A.itisnoteasytofindaproperstickB.itisnoteasytopositionthestickC.ittakeshourstomakethemarksD.ittakesabouthalfanhourtomakethemarks[解析]　推理判断题。依据文章中的③⑤可以看出，做阴影的标记最费时间，所以要耐心。[答案]　C2．Thepassagewouldprobablybemosthelpfulto________.A.thosewhodrawmapsB.thosewhogetlostC.thosewhomakecompassesD.thosewhodoexperiments[解析]　推理判断题。依据文章第二段，“我们发现地图上的标记跟身边的不一致”，可以知道这是迷路时的现象，所以答案为B。[答案]　B3．Whichofthefollowingpicturesbestshowsthewayoffindingthedirectionofsouth?-6-\n[解析]　依据文章中⑥的叙述，可知：离树棍最近的那条线代表的阴影最短，证明当时太阳在天空最高，指向的就是最南方，对应的正好是A。[答案]　A4．Theauthorpresentsthispassageby________.A.tellinganinterestingstoryB.describinganactivityinalivelywayC.testinganideabyreasoningD.introducingapracticalmethod[解析]　细节理解题。本文介绍的这种方法切实可行，所以作者是通过讲述一个很实用的方法来阐述这篇文章的。[答案]　D************************************************************************结束(第******篇)Plantscan’tcommunicatebymovingormakingsounds,asmostanimalsdo.Instead,plantsproducevolatilecompounds，chemicalsthateasilychangefromaliquidtoagas.Aflower’ssweetsmell,forexample,comesfromvolatilecompoundsthattheplantproducestoattractinsectssuchasbugsandbees.Plantscanalsodetectvolatilecompoundsproducedbyotherplants.Atreeunderattackbyhungryinsects,forinstance,maygiveoffvolatilecompoundsthatletothertreesknowabouttheattack.Inresponse,theothertreesmaysendoffchemicalstokeepthebugsaway—orevenchemicalsthatattractthebugs’naturalenemies.Nowscientistshavecreatedaquickwaytounderstandwhatplantsaresaying:achemicalsensor(传感器)calledanelectronicnose.The“enose”cantellcompoundsthatcropplantsmakewhenthey’reattacked.Scientistssaytheenosecouldhelpquicklydetectwhetherplantsarebeingeatenbyinsects.Buttodaytheonlywaytodetectsuchinsectsistovisuallyinspectindividualplants.Thisis-6-\nachallengingtaskformanagersofgreenhouses，enclosedgardensthatcanhousethousandsofplants.Theresearchteamworkedwithanenosethatrecognizesvolatilecompounds.Insidethedevice,13sensorschemicallyreactwithvolatilecompounds.Basedontheseinteractions,theenosegivesoffelectronicsignalsthatthescientistsanalyzeusingcomputersoftware.Totestthenose,theteampresenteditwithhealthyleavesfromcucumber,pepperandtomatoplants,allcommongreenhousecrops.Thenthescientistscollectedsamplesofairarounddamagedleavesfromeachtypeofcrop.Theseplantshadbeendamagedbyinsects,orbyscientistswhomadeholesintheleaveswithaholepunch(打孔器)．Theenose,itturnsout,couldidentifyhealthycucumber，pepperandtomatoplantsbasedonthevolatilecompoundstheyproduce.Itcouldalsoidentifytomatoleavesthathadbeendamaged.Butevenmoreimpressive,thedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage—byinsectsorwithaholepunch—hadbeendonetothetomatoleaves.Withsomefinetuning，adeviceliketheenosecouldonedaybeusedingreenhousestoquicklyspotharmfulbugs,theresearcherssay.Adevicelikethiscouldalsobeusedtoidentifyfruitsthatareperfectlyripeandreadytopickandeat,saysNataliaDudareva,abiochemistatPurdueUniversityinWestLafayette,Ind.whostudiessmellsofflowersandplants.Hopefully,scientistsbelieve,thedevicecouldbringlargebenefitstogreenhousemanagersinthenearfuture.[语篇解读]　植物会说话吗？植物如何“交流”？本文中的科学家们正在尝试用enose来测试植物受到伤害时的反应。5．Welearnfromthetextthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherby________.A.makingsomesoundsB.wavingtheirleavesC.producingsomechemicalsD.sendingoutelectronicsignals[解析]　事实细节题。从文章第一段中的“Instead，plantsproducevolatilecompounds，chemicalsthat...”可知，植物通过它本身所产生的一种化学物质来进行交流，所以答案选C。[答案]　C6．Whatdidthescientistsdotofindoutiftheenoseworked?A.Theypresenteditwithallcommoncrops.-6-\nB.Theyfixed13sensorsinsidethedevice.C.Theycollecteddifferentdamagedleaves.D.Theymadetestsondamagedandhealthyleaves.[解析]　逻辑推理题。从文章第五段可知，为了证实enose的效果，科学家用受到伤害的叶子与健康的叶子来测试。所以选D。[答案]　D7．Accordingtothewriter,themostamazingthingabouttheenoseisthatitcan________.A.pickoutripefruitsB.spottheinsectsquicklyC.distinguishdifferentdamagestotheleavesD.recognizeunhealthytomatoleaves[解析]　事实细节题。从倒数第二段中的“Butevenmoreimpressive，thedevicecouldtellwhichtypeofdamage...”可知，最令人惊奇的是enose能够分辨叶子受到的不同的“伤害”。[答案]　C8．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthattheenose________.A.isunabletotellthesmellofflowersB.isnotyetusedingreenhousesC.isdesignedbyscientistsatPurdueD.ishelpfulinkillingharmfulinsects[解析]　逻辑推理题。从文章最后一段中的“couldonedaybeusedingreenhousesto...”推断可知，enose还没有运用到greenhouses中，由此推断B是答案。[答案]　B*******************************************************************结束-6-