重庆市2022高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（14）附答案WhenIwasachild,IoftendreamedofthetimewhenIcouldleavehomeandescapetothecity.Welivedonafarmandinthewinterespecially(尤其),wewerequitecutofffromtheoutsideworld.AssoonasIleftschool,Ipackedupmybagsandmovedtothecapital.However,Isoondiscoveredthatcitylifehasitsproblems,too.Onedisadvantage（不利）ismoney—itcostssomuchtogoout,nottomentionbasicslikefoodandhousing.Anotherdisadvantageispollution.Isufferfromasthma(哮喘)，andattimestheairissobadthatIamafraidtogooutside.Thenthereistheproblemoftravellinground.AlthoughIhaveacar,Iseldomuseitbecauseofthetrafficjams（交通堵塞）.Onechoice（选择）istogobybicycle,butthatcanbequitedangerous.Ofcourse,thereareadvantages（有利）.First,thereissomuchtodointhecity,whateveryourtastesinculture(文化)orentertainment(娱乐).Besides,therearewonderfuljobsandgreaterchancesofmovingtoamoreimportantjoborposition.Finally,ifyoulikeshopping,thevariety（多种）ofgoods（货物）isverysurprising—and,whatismore,shopsareoftenonlyashortwalkaway.Islifebetterthen,inthecity?Perhapsitis,whenyouareinyourteens(十几岁)twenties.However,asyougetolder,andespeciallyifyouhavesmallchildren,thepeace（宁静）ofthecountrysidemayseempreferable.Icertainlyhopetomovebacktheresoon.66.Whatwasthewriteralwaysthinkingaboutwhenhewasachild?A.Stayingonthefarm.B.Movingtothecountryside.C.Leavinghomeforthecity.D.Runningawayfromtheschool.67.Whatarethedisadvantagesoflivinginthecitythewriterlistedinthepassage?A.Money,house,pollutionB.Pollution,house,travelingC.Traveling,house,moneyD.Money,pollution,traveling68.Inthepassage,theadvantagesoflivinginthecitythewritertoldusare________.A.moreactivities,morejobs,lotsofgoods,moreshopsB.moreactivities,moreshops,morejobs,morepeople-8-\nC.morepeople,morecars,moreactivities,moreshopsD.moreshops,morejobs,moreparks,moretallbuildings69.Whereisthewriterlivingnow?A.Inthecountryside.B.Inthecity.C.Intheschool.D.Notmentioned(提到)inthepassage.70.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Citylifeisbetterforteensandtwenties.Forcenturies,Pompeiilayburiedunderstoneandash.Then,intheyear1861,oneItalianscientistnamedGiuseppebegantouncoverPompeii.Slowly,carefully,Giuseppeandhismendug.Thecitylookedalmostthesameasithadlookedbefore.Therewerestreetsandfountains,housesandshops.Therewasastadiumwith20000seats.Perhapsthemostimportantofall,therewereeverydayobjects,whichtellusagreatdealaboutthepeoplewholivedinPompeii.Manyglassesandjarshadsomedarkbluecolorinthebottom,soweknowthatthepeopleofPompeiilikedwine.Theylikesbreadtoo,metalbreadpanswereineverybakery,inonebakerytherewereround,flatloavesofbread-atypeofbreadthatisstillsoldinItalytoday.Tinyboxesfilledwithadark,shinypowdertellusthatwomanlikedtoweareye-makeupGiuseppehasdied,buthisworkcontinues.One-fourthhasnotbeenuncoveredyet.Scientistsarestilldigging,stillmakingdiscoveriesthatdrawthetouriststoPompeii.71.WhydolargenumbersofpeoplecometoPompeiieachyear?-8-\nA.Tovisitthevolcano.B.Toshopandeatthere.C.Towatchsportsandplays.D.ToseehowPompeianslived.72.WhyhadsomanyPompeianslivedbyvolcanicMountVesuvius?A.Thecitynearbyofferedallkindsoffun.B.TheareaproducedthefinestwineinItaly.C.Fewpeopleexpectedthevolcanotoeruptagain.D.Themountainwasbeautifulandcoveredwithgrass.73.HowmanydaysdidtheeruptionofMountVesuviuslastinAugustofAD79?A.20B.79C.2D.200074.Whydidthecityuncoveredlookalmostthesameasithadlookedbefore?A.BecauseGiuseppeandhismendugitslowlyandcarefully.B.Becausethecitywasburiedaliveandremaineduntouched.C.Becausescientistssuccessfullyrebuiltthecitywitheverydayobjects.D.Becausenobodyhadlivedinthecityeversincethevolcanoerupted.75.WhatdoweknowaboutthePompeianswholived2000yearsago?A.TheylivedmoreorlessthesameasItaliansnowdo.B.Theylikedwomanwearingallkindsofmakeup.C.Theyenjoyedalazylifewithdrinkingandeating.D.TheywentbacktoPompeiiaftertheeruptioninAD79.参考答案-----------66-70CDABA71-75DCCBA*******************************************************结束(2022·宁德质检，B)TOEFLstandsforTestofEnglishasaForeignLanguage,whichassessestheproficiency(熟练)ofEnglishlanguageofapersoninanacademicsetting.Variousinstitutions,scholarshipprogramsrequirethistestasatrustedandeffectiveindicatorofaperson'sabilitytocommunicateinEnglish.TOEFLisavailableinCBT—ComputerbasedTechnology,PBT—Paperbased-8-\nTechnologyandIBT—InternetbasedTestformats(形式)toassesstheproficiencyofEnglishLanguage.IBTTOEFLisafourhourtestcomprisingsections:Reading,Listening,SpeakingandWriting.Inareaswhereinternetbasedtestisnotavailable,apaperbasedtest(PBT)isgiven.PBTisathreehourtestcomprisingfoursections:Listening,StructureandWrittenExpression,ReadingComprehensionandWriting.TakingTOEFLtestopensmanydoorstogetadmissioninforeignuniversities.Morethan7,500colleges,universitiesandagenciesinmorethan130countriesrelyonTOEFLtestscorestocheckproficiencyforEnglishLanguage.Itisveryconvenienttotakethistestanditisavailablein165countriesworldwide.Itmeasuresyouracademicskillsthatwhetheryouarereadytostudyortrainatundergraduateorpostgraduatelevelinforeignuniversitiesornot.Inthetestcandidatesareprovidedwithapassagefromtextbooksandquestionsbasedonlectures,andyoucanbeaskedtospeakorwriteinresponserelatedtothatpassage.Asthetestismadeupof100%academicquestions,somanyuniversitiesconsideritthemosteffectivetest,whiletakinganyadmission.TotakeTOEFLtestyoushould：—Improveyourwritingskills；—Improveyourvocabulary；—PracticeotherreadingpassagesontheTOEFLTest；—Befamiliarwiththeformatofthetest；—PracticeforlisteningtestontheTOEFLtest.TotakeadmissioninWorld'sfamousHarvardUniversity,theminimumTOEFLscorerequiredis587onthepaperbasedtest,240onthecomputerbasedtest,or9495ontheinternetbasedTOEFL.你知道托福考试吗？本文为你一一道来。5.Theunderlinedword“comprising”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A.includingB.formingC.combiningD.explaining答案：A。猜测词义题。所在句句意：IBTTOEFL是一个需要四个小时的包括听说读写四个模块的考试。所以是包括的意思。6.WhichsectionisNOTincludedinIBTTOEFL?A.Reading.B.Writing.C.Speaking.D.StructureandWrittenExpression.答案：D。细节理解题。由第二段第二句话“IBTTOEFLisafourhourtestcomprisingsections:Reading,Listening,SpeakingandWriting.”可知，无D项内容。-8-\n7．Accordingtothepassage,manystudentsarerequiredtotakeTOEFLtestprobablybecausethetestcan________.A.improvetheiracademicskillsB.indicatetheirproficiencyofEnglishlanguageC.providescholarshipprogramsinmanycountriesD.decideyourgraduationfromforeignuniversities答案：B。细节理解题。由第一段第二句话“asatrustedandeffectiveindicatorofaperson'sabilitytocommunicateinEnglish.”可知，许多院校要求学生过托福考试，是因为它们认为托福考试能反映一个人的英语语言的熟练程度。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AdvantagesofTOEFLtestB.IntroductiontoTOEFLtestC.PreparationsforTOEFLtestD.AssessmentofTOEFLtest答案：B。主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，这是对托福考试的介绍。A(2022·重庆卷，A)Therewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare.Towaterhisflowers,heusedtwobuckers.Onewasashinyandnewbucket.Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone,whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.Everymorning,thegardenerwouldfillupthetwobuckets.Thenhewouldcarrythemalongthepath,oneoneachside,totheflowerbeds.Thenewbucketwasveryproudofitself.Itcouldcarryafullbucketofwaterwithoutasingledropspilled(溢出).Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes:beforeitreachedtheflowerbeds,muchwaterhadleakedalongthepath.Sometimesthenewbucketwouldsay，“SeehowcapableIam!Howgooditisthatthegardenerhasmetowatertheflowerseveryday!Idon'tknowwhyhestillbotherswithyou.Whatawasteofspaceyouare！”Andallthattheoldbucketcouldsaywas.“IknowI'mnotveryuseful,butIcanonlydomybest.I'mhappythatthegardenerstillfindsalittlebitofuseinme，atleast.”Oneday,thegardenerheardthatkindorconversation.Afterwateringtheflowersasusual,hesaid.“Youbothhavedoneyourworkverywell.NowIamgoingtocarryyouback.Iwantyoutolookcarefullyalongthepath.”Thenthetwobucketsdidso.Allalongthepath，theynoticed，onthesidewhere-8-\nthenewbucketwascarried,therewasjustbare(光秃秃的)earth；ontheothersidewheretheoldbucketwascarried,therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers，leadingallthewaytothegarden.本文讲述了园艺工人用两个桶挑水浇花坛的故事，新桶感到自豪，认为自己的用处大；旧桶惭愧，认为自己没大有用。而实际新、旧桶都有用处，只是表现点不同，人也是这样。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?A．Dirty.B．Dark.C．Wornout.D．Plainlooking.答案：C。词议猜测题。与上文的shinyandnew相对的是oldanddilapidated。根据下文可知旧桶已用许多年，过了它的最好时候，也就是“用坏了，旧了”，故C项正确。2．Whatwastheoldbucketashamedof?A．Hispast.B．Hisaging.C．Hismanner.D．Hisleaking.答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句可知：旧桶上有漏洞，而感到羞愧，因为还没来得及到花坛，就漏掉了相当多的水。3．Thenewbucketmadeconversationswiththeoldonemainlyto________.A．laughattheoldoneB．takepityontheoldoneC．showoffitsbeautifullooksD．praisethegardener'skindness答案：A。细节理解题。由短文第三段可知，新桶说自己多么有用，旧桶多么的没用。从而我们可知新桶在嘲笑旧桶。4．Whywastheoldbucketstillkeptbythegardener?A．Becauseitwasusedtokeepabalance.B．Becauseitstayedinitsbestcondition.C．Becauseitwastakenasatreasure.D．Becauseithaditsownfunction.答案：D。推理判断题。由最后一段可知，旧桶虽然漏水，但它浇灌了路上的花花草草，它还是有用处的。B(2022·新课标卷，B)Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswith-8-\nhardlyanylegroomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.Butitisnotjusttheextratallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.“Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenakingsizebedat6′6″(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmen,whilethestandard6′3″bedcatersforlessthanhalfofthemalepopulation.”SaidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,“Sevenfootbedswouldworkfine.”Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.Smalltables,whichmeanthelongleggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHousesCaledonianHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.本文讲述了现在人们的身高普遍增高了，饭店的桌子需要加大，旅馆的床需要加长，否则它们就会失去顾客。5．WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?A．Toprovidebetterservices.B．Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.C．Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.D．Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.答案：C。细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句话可知，高个人们组成了TPCGB俱乐部，为了高人而战斗，且把注意力转向了宾馆、饭店，从而引起人们的注意。6．WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricy?A．7′2″.B．7′.C．6′6″.D．6′3″.答案：B。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话可知：七英尺的床应该是合适长度的床。7．Whatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltables?A．Theymaylosesomecustomers.B．Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.C．Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.D．Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelonglegged.-8-\n答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段可知，如果饭店的桌子小了，高个人坐不下，这样使得顾客到别地方去了。8．WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?A．Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.B．6′6″bedshavetakentheplaceof6′3″beds.C．SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.D．Guestroomsarestandardized.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段可知，在爱丁堡的宾馆里，标准床已换成了6英尺6英寸大的床了。-8-
