优点英语2022高考英语阅读提高中外名人1AsingleletterwrittenbyAlbertEinsteinwassoldformorethan$400,000.Butcouldane-mailprintoutoranelectronicfilereachsimilarheights?That’sthequestionfacingthosewhodealintheliteraryartifactsofpublicfigures,astheystruggletoworkouthowtodobusinessintheelectronicworldwhereinformationcanbecopiedandspreadoutmoreeasilythaneverbefore.“Booksellers,collectorsandlibrariesarealreadytradingindigitalobjects,”JoanWinterkorn,aresearchertoldpeople.WhenEmoryUniversityLibraryboughtauthorSalmanRushdie’sarchives(档案)in2006,itreceivedadesktopcomputer,threelaptops,aharddriveandasmartphonealongwithhispaperfiles.AndthewriterJohnUpdike,whodiedlastmonth,startedusingcomputersinthe1980s,Winterkornpointedout,sohis“papers”willincludeabigstoreofelectronicdocuments.Sofar,however,digitalarchiveshavebeentradedasjustasmallpartofalarger,mainlypaper-basedarchive.Indeed,nooneisquitesurehowmuchthedigitaldocumentsofahistoricalfigureareworth.“Idon’tfeelthesamewayabouttheprintoutofane-mailasIdoaletter,”saidGabrielHeaton,aliterarymanuscriptspecialist,addingthatmoretangible(有形的)digitalobjectswereeasierforauctioneers(拍卖商)topriceandsell.“Whataboutalaptop?ForexampletheoneusedbyJ.K.RowlingtowriteHarryPotterandthePhilosopher’sStoneinanEdinburghcaféhasrealvalue,”hesaid.“Becausesheusedit.”Eveniftheharddrivehadbeenclonedbyalibrary,theartifactwouldstillbevaluable.GordonBell,fromMicrosoftResearch,suggestedthatpriceswillactuallyfalltoalmostnothing.“Onceit’sbeencopiedandspreadoutthevalueisgone.It’sjustapieceofmemory.”41.WhatisthepurposeoftheexamplementionedinParagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.
优点英语B.Toshowthatsomewrittenlettersareofgreatvalue.C.Togetreadersinterestedinelectronicdocuments.D.Totellustopayattentiontopublicfigures’artfacts.42.Accordingtothetext,thetradeindigitalarchives________.A.hasbeenwelldevelopedB.isstillinitsearlystageC.isenjoyingaperiodofprosperityD.isdevelopingveryrapidly43.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph4impliesthat________.A.theprintoutofane-mailhasnovaluetokeepB.theauctioneersliketoselltangibledigitalobjectsC.theprintoutofane-mailisdifficulttopriceD.GabrielHeatonlikestokeepfamousletters44.Whodoesn’tthinkdigitalarchivesareofgreatvalue?A.JoanWinterkornB.SalmanRushdieC.J.K.RowlingD.GordonBell45.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetradeinelectronicdocuments?A.NegativeB.PositiveC.NeutralD.Hopeful2Duringtimesoftrouble，FranklinDelanoRooseveltspokefromasmallroomwithoutafireplaceintheWhiteHousebasementtomillionsofAmericans.Inhiscalmandconversationalmanner，hereassured（使……恢复信心）thenationinthedepthsoftheGreatDepressionandthroughaWouldWar.SaulBellowdescribedhisownexperienceoflisteningtoPresidentRoosevelt,holdthenationtogether,usingonlyaradioandthepowerofhispersonality.“IcanrecallwalkingeastwardontheChicagoMidway…drivershadpulledover，parking
优点英语bumpertobumper，andturnedontheirradiostohearRoosevelt.Theyhadrolleddownthewindowsandopenedthecardoors.Everywherethesamevoice,itsoddEasternaccent,whichinanyoneelsewouldhaveangeredMidwesterners.Youcouldfollowwithoutmissingasinglewordasyouwalkedby.Youfeltjoinedtotheseunknowndrivers,menandwoman…”ThenationneededtheassuranceofthoseFiresideChats,thefirstofwhichwasdeliveredonMarch12,1933.Betweenaquarterandathirdoftheworkforcewasunemployed.EverybankinAmericahadclosedforatleasteightdays.It’shardforustoimagine.ItwasthehardesttimeoftheGreatDepression.The“Fireside”wassymbolic;mostofthechatscamefromasmallroomintheWhiteHousebasement.FrancisPerkins,Roosevelt’sSecretaryofLabor,describedthechangethatwouldcomeoverhimjustbeforethebroadcasts:“Hisfacewouldsmileandlightupasthoughhewereactuallysittingonthefrontporch(门廊)orintheparlorwiththem.Peoplefeltthis,andcametorespectandlovehim.”Inthatfirstradiovisit,Rooseveltbeganbyexplaininghowthebankingsystemworked;“Whenyouputmoneyinabank,thebankdosenotplacethemoneyintoasafe-depositvault(金库房).Itinvestsyourmoneyinmanydifferentformsofcredit-bonds,mortgages.”Hewentontoannouncethatthebankswouldreopenthenextday.1.Themainpurposeofthearticleisto______.A.giveexamplesofthepowerofradiobroadcastingB.makepeopleexaminetheirattitudestowardmoneyC.suggestthatRooseveltwasAmerica’sgreatestpresidentD.showhowRooseveltreassuredAmericansduringhardtimes2.Accordingtothearticle,theFiresideChatsraisedthehopesofAmericansbecausePresidentRoosevelt______.A.spoketotheminafriendlyandconfidenttoneB.explainedtothemhowtoinvesttheirmoney
优点英语C.wasopenabouthisownfearsforthecountryD.usedhumortodrawtheirattentionawayfromtheirproblems3.Thename“FiresideChats”wasprobablyintendedto______.A.demandlistenerstoprotectresourcesB.encouragespiriteddiscussionamonglistenersC.requestpeopletodesireforhopeandreassuranceD.persuadeAmericanstotalkwiththeirfamilies4.SaulBellow’sdescriptionofhisownexperienceoflisteningtoPresidentRooseveltshows______A.howpopularandencouragingRoosevelt’sFiresideChatswereB.howeasilyRoosevelt’sFiresideChatscouldbeunderstoodC.whatgreatinterestgeneralpublictookinnationalaffairsD.whatahardlifeAmericanshadinGreatDepression.3Historyisfullofcaseswheredreamshavebeenapathwaytocreativityanddiscovery．AstrikingexampleisprovidedbyDr．OttoLoewi，apharmacologistandwinnerofaNobelPrize．Loewihadspentyearsstudyingthechemicaltransmissionofnerveimpulses(脉搏)．Amajorbreakthroughinhisresearchcamewhenhedreamedofanexperimentthreenightsinarow．Thefirsttwonightshewokeupandwrotedowntheexperimentquicklyanduntidilyonpaper．Butthenextmorning，hecouldn’ttellwhatthenotesmeant．Onthethirdnight，hegotupafterhavingthedream．Thistime，insteadofmakingnoteshewentstraighttohislaboratoryandperformedtheimportantexperiment．Loewilatersaidthatiftheexperimenthadoccurredtohimwhileawakehewouldnothavegivenitanotherthought．
优点英语Loewi’sexperimentgivessomeinsightintousingdreamstoproducecreativesolutions.Nervousfeelingsarereducedduringdreaming，whichmaybeespeciallyusefulinsolvingproblemsthatrequireafreshpointofview．Beingabletotakeadvantageofdreamsforsolvingisimprovedifyou“set”yourselfbeforeretiring．Beforeyougotobed，trytothinkintentlyaboutaproblemyouwishtosolve．Buryyourselfintheproblembystatingitclearlyandreviewingallrelevantinformation．Thenusethesuggestionslistedintheprevioussectiontocatchyourdreams．Althoughthismethodisnotguaranteedtoproduceanoriginalsolutionoranewinsight，itiscertaintobeanadventure.Abouthalfofagroupofcollegestudentsusingthemethodforaweekrecalledadreamthathelpedthemsolveapersonalproblem．51．ThroughLoewi’sexperiment，theauthortriestoprovethat．A．verylittleisreallyknownaboutthemeaningofdreamsB．itispossibleto“catch”one’sdreamsbyplanningbeforegoingtosleepC．dreamscanbeusefulinproducingcreativesolutionstoone’sproblemsD．ithelpedinthestudyoftransmissionofnerveimpulses52．Thefirstparagraphismainlyorganizedby．A．classifyingtypesofexperimentsB．summarizingtheworkofoneresearcherC．comparingandexploringhistoricalcasesD．tellingintimeorderaboutoneman’sresearch53．IfLoewihadthoughtoftheexperimentwhileawake，hewouldhave．A．askedsomeoneelsetodoitB．thoughtitwasabadideaC．trieditoutonhisownD．thoughtitwasawiseidea54．Theauthorprobablythinksthat．
优点英语A．LoewishouldnothaveconductedhisexperimentB．dreamingisofverylittlevaluetomostpeopleC．nervousfeelingsmaystopsomeonethinkingofusefulideasD．collegestudentsshouldnottryoutdreamexperiments55．Accordingtothepassage,theauthorseemstobeinfavorof．A．seekingcreativesolutionsB．avoidingscientificexperimentsC．nervousfeelingsbeforedreamsD．becomingafamousscientist4PrinceRomanwasaPolishnobleman,acaptaininthearmyofCzarNicholasofRussia.Whenhisyoungwifedied,theprinceleftthearmyandreturnedinsorrowtohisnativePoland.Intime,loveforhiscountryanditspeopletooktheplaceofhislostlove.HejoinedaPolishrisingagainsttheRussians.Therisingwascrushed,andPrinceRomanwastakenprisoner.Hisrelativesandfriendsbeggedthemilitarycourttohavemercyonhim.Thepresidentofthecourtreceivedtheseappealskindly.HewasagoodRussian,buthewasalsoagood-naturedman.RussianhatredofPoleswasnotasfierceatthattimeasitbecamelater;andtheRussianfeltsympatheticassoonashesawtheprince’sthin,tired,sun-burntface.Thecourtofthreeofficerssatinabareroom,behindalongblacktable.Someclerkssatatthetwoends,butnooneelsewastherewhentheguardsbroughtintheprince.ThosefourwallsshutoutfromPrinceRomanallsightsandsoundsoffreedom,allhopesofthefuture,allcomfortingthoughts.HowmuchloveforPolandremainedinhimthen?Howmuchloveoflife?Hestoodbeforehisjudgesalone,havingrefusedtheirpermissiontosit.Heansweredtheirfirstformalquestions---hisnameandsoon---clearlyandpolitelyalthoughhefelttoowearytotalk.
优点英语Thenthepresidentofthecourtseemedtosuggesthowtheyoungmancouldbesthelphimself.Heaskedquestionsinawaythatalmostputtherightanswersintheprisoner’smouth.‘Didn’tyourwife’sdeathdriveyoutodespair?Wasn’tyourmindunbalancedbythatsadevent？PrinceRomanwassilent.‘Youwerenotfullyresponsibleforyouconduct,wereyou?’PrinceRomanwassilent.‘Youmadeasuddenblinddecisiontojointherising.Youdidn’trealizethatyouractionsweredangerousanddishonourable.Isn’tthatthetruthofthisunfortunatematter?’Thejudgeslookedattheprisonerhopefully.Insilencetheprincereachedforapenandsomepaper.Hewrote:‘IjoinedtherisingbecauseIbelieveitwasjust.’Hepushedthepapertowardsthepresident,whotookitandreaditinsilence.PrinceRomanwassentencedtohardworkforlifeintheSiberiansaltmines.Itwasasentenceofdelayeddeath.WhenCzarNicholasreadthereportandsentence,headdedinhisownhandwriting:’MakesurethatthisprisonerwalksinchainseverystepofthewaytoSiberia.’1.WhatdoesthepassagetellusofPolandatthetime?A.ItwasruledbyRussia,andPolesservedintheRussianarmy.B.RussiawasatwarwithPoland,sothePoleswereenemies.C.TheRussianswereverycruelrulersofPoland.D.PolishofficersintheRussianarmyhadtoreturntoPoland.2.HowmuchloveforPolandremainedintheprincewhenhestoodtrial?A.Notmuch,probably,afterthefailureoftherising.B.Asmuchashehadeverfelt.
优点英语C.Morethanhehadeverfeltbefore.D.Thepassagedoesn’tsuggestananswertothequestion.3.Thequestionswhichthepresidentaskedshowthat____________.A.hewantedtolearnthetruthaboutthePolishrisingB.thecourtwantedtheprincetoadmithisownguiltC.hewastryingtofindexcusefortheprince’sconductD.PrinceRomanwasaweakperson4.Inthetrial,PrinceRoman_____________A.wasafraidtoberesponsibleforhisactions.B.blamedothersforhisactions.C.acceptedresponsibilityforhisactionsD.admittedhisguilt5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.ThejudgeswerelesssympatheticthanCzarNicholas.B.CzarNicholaswasaskindasthejudges.C.ThejudgeswereascruelasCzarNicholas.D.CzarNicholaswasnotassympatheticasthejudges.5UnlikethecarefullyweighedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe’swritingshavealwaysbeenthesenseofimmediacyandenthusiasm.Hewasaconstantexperimenterwithlife,withideas,andwithformsofwriting.Forthesamereason,hisworksseldomhavethequalitiesoffinishorformalbeautywhichdistinguishthemasterpiecesofDanteandVirgil.Hecametolovethebeautiesofclassicism,butthesewereneveranessentialpartofhismake-up.Instead,theurgencyofthemoment,thespiritofthethingguidedhispen.Asaresult,nearlyallhisworkshaveseriousflawsofstructure,ofinconsistencies,ofexcesses.
优点英语Inthelargesense,Goetherepresentsthefullestdevelopmentoftheromanticist.IthasbeenarguedthatheshouldnotbesodesignatedbecausehesoclearlymaturedandoutgrewthekindofromanticismexhibitedbyWordsworth,Shelley,andKeats.ShelleyandKeatsdiedyoung;Wordsworthlivednarrowlyandabandonedhisearlyattitudes.Incontrast,Goethelivedabundantlyanddevelopedhisfaithinthespirit,hisunderstandingofnatureandhumannature,andhisreliancefeelingsasman’sessentialmotivatingforce.Theresultwasaninvisionofrealityandaphilosophyoflifebroaderanddeeperthanthepartialvisionsandattitudesofotherromanticists.Yetthespiritofyouthfulnessandthecontinuedfaithinnatureremainedhimtotheend,togetherwithadisregardorartisticoflogicalpropriety(合宜)whicharecharacteristicsifromanticindividualism.Sincesomanytwentieth-centurythoughtsandattitudesaresimilarlybasedonthestimulusoftheRomanticMovement,GoethestandsasparticularlythepoetofthemodernmanasDantestoodformedievalmanandasShakespeareforthemanoftheRenaissance.1.Thefirstparagraphaimsat_______.A.makinganintroductiontoGeothe’swritingsB.criticizingGeothe’swritingsC.formingacontrastbetweenDanteandGeotheinwritingsD.introducingGeothe’speculiarideas2.Allexcept_______canbefoundinGeothe’sworks.A.structuralflawsB.enthusiasmC.faithinnatureD.formalbeauty3.AcharacteristicofromanticismNOTmentionedinthispassageis______.A.spiritofyouthfulnessB.lackofmodernideasC)enthusiasminnatureD.disregardofartisticform4.Goetheisregardedasthepoetofthemodernmanbecause______.A.hereliesonfeelingsasman’sessentialmotivatingforceB.herepresentsmanytwentieth-centuryideas
优点英语C.hisworksarefullofstructuralflawsD.hedisregardsformalbeauty5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.ShakespearerepresentsthemanoftheRenaissance.B.Wordsworthstucktohisearlyattitudes.C.DanteandGoethebelongtothemodernism.D.GeotheissuperiortoShelleyinfame.6HaveyouseenthefilmStarWars?Ifyouhave,you’llknowwhatanenergy-gunis,andalight-swordtoo.ThegiganticspaceshipinStarWarscandestroyawholeplanetinasecondortwo—anddoesso.Fortunately,itisn’tourplanet;itbelongstoadistantsystem,faroutinspace.ThegreatemptyspacesoftheuniversearenoprobleminStarWars.Thefightersknowhowtofoldspaceover,likeasheetofpaper,sothatverydistantstarsarebroughtclosetogether;theycallit‘hyperspace’.Thismeans,ofcourse,thattheirshipsdon’thavetocreepalongatthespeedoflight.Iftheydidthat,theywouldtakeyears,evencenturies,toreachthebattlefieldHyperspaceallowsthemtotravelat‘supralight’speedandgetthereinacoupleofhours.It’sgoodcleanfunthough.Wecertainlydon’tknowallaboutphysicsyet,butwedohavetheworkofAlbertEinstein.Heaskedustobelievethatnothingcouldtravelfasterthanlightthroughanemptyspace----butdon’tletthatmiserableideaspoilthefilmforyou;evenalthoughallourobservationsuptonowhaveshownthatEinsteinwasdeadright---forgetit;sitbackandwatchthoseenergy-shellsblowupthehatedenemy.TheStarWarsprincessisextremelybeautiful.Themorewe‘discover’,themorewemustadmireEinstein.Heknewitallbeforeus---byabout1910infact.Weobservecertainveryhigh-speedparticles;andtheybehaveexactlyasEinstein
优点英语predictedtheywould.Wecangivethemaspeedalmostequaltolight,buttheyneverquitereachlight-speed.Hepredictedthataveryfast-movingobject,asitflashedbyastationaryobserver,wouldseemtohavemuchgreaterweightthanusual;andthat,too,wasprovedcorrect.Sofarasscientifictheoryorevidenceisconcerned,thereisnosuchthingashyperspace,nosuchspeedassupralight.Spaceisasweknowit;andlightspeedisthehighestpossiblespeed.‘But,’saythestory-writers,’that’sonlytrueatpresent.Wedon’tknowallaboutphysicsyet.Whoknows----whoknowsifthereisn’tanothersetoffactsjustwaitingtobediscovered;anotheruniverseperhaps,justroundthecorner?’Einsteinseemstohavebeenpreparedforthattoo.Inhistheoriesheemphasizedtheword‘relative‘.Everything----speed,weight,time,etc.----isrelativetosomethingelse.Nothing,byitself,isrealorabsolute.Soifthereisanotheruniversesomewhere,weshallonlyknowaboutitrelativetoourselves.Sofarthere’snosignofit.Butforthefuture----well,whoknows?1.Whatisthepurposeofscience-fictionstoriesandfilms?A.Theypointoutthewayahead---andscientistsaregrateful.B.Theyencourageusinoursearchingforthetruth.C.Theyshowuswhatthefutureuniversewillbelike.D.Theyarewrittenandmadetoentertainus.2.IfyouseeStarWars,whatmightspoilitforyou,accordingtothepassage?A.Einstein’stheories.B.Theuncomfortablesurroundingsofthetheatre.C.Theuglyactressesandactors.D.Therudeaudience.3.AlthoughEinsteindidnotobservethebehaviourofhigh-speedobjects,__________A.hehadagoodideaofwhattoexpect.B.wehavefoundagooddealofsenseinhistheoriesC.histheoriespredicteditwiththegreatestaccuracy
优点英语D.hedidhisworkbeforesuchobservationwasfullydeveloped4.TheincreaseinweightthatEinsteinpredicted________A.appliesonlytobigthings,likehugespace-shipsB.isapparentonlytotheobserver,whoistakingmeasurementsC.isarealincreaseinweightandsizeD.remainsevenaftertheobjecthasstoppedmoving5.Einstein’stheoriesemphasized__________A.everythingisrelativetosomethingelseB.theuniverseisinfiniteC.lightspeedisthehighestpossiblespeedD.thereisanotheruniversesomewhere答案：1篇：41—45ABCDC2篇：DACA3篇：51—55CDBCA4篇：ABCCD5篇：ADCBA6篇：DACBA
