阅读理解提升练(一) 细节理解题A(2022·11浙江)Thereareenergysavingstobemadefromallrecyclablematerials,sometimeshugesavings.Recyclingplasticsandaluminum,forinstance,usesonly5%to10%asmuchenergyasproducingnewplasticorsmelting(提炼)aluminum.Longbeforemostofusevennoticedwhatwenowcall“theenvironment,”BuckminsterFullersaid,“Pollutionisnothingbuttheresources(资源)wearenotharvesting.Weallowthemtobeleftaroundbecausewe’vebeenignorantoftheirvalue.”Totakeoneexample,let’scomparethethrowawayeconomy(经济)witharecyclingeconomyaswefeedacatforlife.Sayyourcatweighs5kgandeatsonecanoffoodeachday.Eachemptycanofitsfoodweighs40g.Inathrowawayeconomy,youwouldthrowaway5,475cansoverthecat’s15-yearlifetime.That’s219kgofsteel—morethanafifthofatonandmorethan40timesthecat’sweight.Inarecyclingeconomy,wewouldmakeonesetof100canstostartwith,thenreplacethemoverandoveragainwithrecycledcans.Sincealmost3%ofthemetalislostduringreprocessing,we’dhavetomakeanextra10canseachyear.Butinall,only150canswillbeusedupoverthecat’slifetime—andwe’llstillhave100leftoverforthenextcat.Insteadofusingup219kgofsteel,we’veusedonly6kg.Andbecausetheprocessofrecyclingsteelislesspollutingthanmakingnewsteel,we’vealsoachievedthefollowingsignificantsavings:inenergyuse—47%to74%;inairpollution—85%;inwaterpollution—35%;inwateruse—40%.1.WhatdoesBuckminsterFullersayaboutpollution?A.Itisbecomingmoreserious.B.Itdestroystheenvironment.C.Itbenefitstheeconomy.D.Itistheresourcesyettobeused.2.Howmanycanswillbeusedupinacat’s15-yearlifetimeinarecyclingeconomy?A.50. B.100.C.150.D.250.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Topromotetheideaofrecycling.B.Tointroduceanenvironmentalist.C.Todiscussthecausesofpollution.D.Todefendthethrowawayeconomy.6\n〚导学号44994000〛B(2022·浙江温州九校高三期末)AsCharlottearrivedatthebiglivingroom,hermotherSarahandhernewstepfather(继父)RobertGrahamturnedfromthewindowandfacedher.WeshallneverhaveMomtoourselvesagain,Charlottethought.Ifonlyshewerejustakid,andcouldcrywildlyinangeronthefloor!Instead,sheforcedasmile.SherushedforwardandthrewherarmsroundSarahandkissedherwildly,knockingherhatcrooked(歪的)andmakinghercryout.“Darling!You’llknockmedown!”“Youlookgreat,mom!”Charlottecriedandknewshewasshouting.Shewashotagain,redanduntidyandlookinglikethelastkindofgirlanymanwouldwanttohaveasastepdaughter.HerbrotherNicholas,however,wenttotheotherextreme.Hewassocalmthathewaspositivelyrude,andCharlotteknewbeforehestarteditthathewasgoingtoactlikeabadschoolboy.“OhNicholas,dobehave!”Sarahcried.“Robert,they’reshowingoff!”Althoughshewaslaughing,theybothheardthelittleringofdisappointmentinhervoice,andbothknewthattheywerelettingherdown.Theyhadsurelyneverhadsuchadifficultmoment.ItwasRobertGrahamwhosavedthesituation.Hecameforwardholdingoutbothhands.“Iamdeeplygratefultoyoutwoyoungpeople.You’vehadSarahtoyourselvesforalongtime.Thankyouforagreeingtoshareherwithme.Iknowitcan’tbeeasy.”Andalthoughthiswasjustthesortofwordstheywouldcalldull,thesincerity(真诚)gaveitaguarantee.Theyknewhemeantwhathesaid.Hewasindeedthankingthem.Andbydoingsohepulledthembacktorealityandmadethemthemselvesagain.4.Uponenteringthelivingroom,Charlotteexperienced . A.asuddensenseoflossB.acuriositytoseeherstepfatherC.anurgetobemorepolitethanNicholasD.afeelingofangerdirectedatherstepfather5.Sarahfoundthemomentdifficultbecauseshewas . A.deeplymovedbyCharlotte’sgreetingB.embarrassedbythechildren’sbehaviorC.afraidNicholaswouldleaveher6\nD.havingdoubtsaboutremarrying6.ThetextsuggeststhatSarahandRobert . A.madethesituationdifficultonpurposeB.foundthechildren’sresponsesamusingC.caredaboutthefeelingsofthechildrenD.feltupsetaboutthechildren’sattitude〚导学号44994001〛C(2022·10月浙江)SuddenlyanotherthoughtwentthroughKate’smindlikeanelectricshock.Anexpresstrainwasduetogopastaboutthirtyminuteslater.Ifitwerenotstopped,thatlongtrain,fullofpassengers,wouldfallintothestream.“Someonemustgotothestationandwarnthestation-master,”Katethought.Butwhowastogo?Shewouldhavetogoherself.Therewasnooneelse.Inwindandrainshestartedonherdifficultway.SoonshewasatthebridgethatcrossedtheDesMoinesRiver,abridgealsobuiltofwood,justlikethebridgeacrossHoneyCreek.Thestormhadnotwashedthisaway,buttherewasnofootpathacrossit.Shewouldhavetocrossitbysteppingfromsleeper(枕木)tosleeper.Withgreatcareshebeganthedangerouscrossing,sometimesonherhandsandknees,hardlydaringtolookdownbetweenthesleepersintothewildfloodwatersbelow.Ifsheshouldslip,shewouldfallbetweenthesleepers,intotherapidlyflowingstream.Atlast—sheneverknewhowlongithadtakenher—shefeltsolidgroundunderherfeet.Buttherewasnotimetorest.Shestillhadtorunmorethanhalfamileandhadonlyafewminutesleft.Unlessshereachedthestationbeforetheexpressdid,many,manyliveswouldbelost.Shedidreachthestationjustasthetraincameintosight.Fortunatelythestation-masterwasstandingoutside.“Thebridgeisdown!Stopthetrain!Oh,pleasestopit!”Kateshoutedbreathlessly.Thestation-masterwentpale.Herushedintothestationbuildingandcamebackwithasignallight.Hewavedtheredlightasthetraincameintothestation.Itwasnotasecondtooearly.7.WhatdidKatedecidetodo?A.Stoptheexpresstrain.B.Checkthesignallight.C.Meetthepassengers.D.Visitthestation-master.8.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesKate’sjourney?6\nA.Fruitless. B.Boring.C.Well-planned.D.Risky.9.Whydidthestation-masterturnpale?A.Hesuddenlyfellill.B.Herealizedthedanger.C.Hediscoveredhismistake.D.Hebecameover-excited.〚导学号44994002〛D(原创)Itbegantorainyesterdaymorninganditstillhasn’tstopped.Rainsuggestsgentle.Ithasnotbeengentle.Therainbarrel,waitingtobeattachedtothedownspout,wasknockedover,nottomentionafewchairsintheair.Theuniversitychoirwastobetransportedtoourvenue(演出地点)by4:45p.m.Theywouldbemissingdinnerattheirdormitory,sooneofourchoirmemberspreparedbothavegetarianmealaswellasanon-vegetarianmealforthe25singers.Othersofuspreparedside-dishes.Theirbusneverarrivedforthem.Inthepouringrain,theyhadtotakethetaxifromHydeParktoastopnearourconcertsite.Severalofourmembers,dressedinconcertdress,drovetothestationmakingseveraltripstopickupthestudentsingers,andnotallofthemarrivedonthesametrain.Itwasamazingtoseeanumberofvolunteers,drippingwetthemselvesvolunteeringagaintodrivethestudentsbacktotheuniversity.Thebeautyofthiswasseeingeveryonegivingofthemselves.Notonlythat,butofferingtodrivethestudentsthedistancebacktotheuniversity,whichwasnotashortcommute(通勤).Aftermanyphonecalls,stillnotquitecertainwhathappenedtoarrivalbus,buttherewasabuswaitingtotakethemback.Hopefully,everythingwillbeinordertoday. 10.Whatdamagedtheauthor’splan?A.Theheavyrain.B.Theheavysnow.C.Thestrongwind.D.Theuniversitychoir.11.Whatdidoneofthechoirmemberspreparefordinnerforthe25singers?A.Drinkandfruit.B.Somesnacks.C.Someside-dishes.D.Avegetarianmealandanon-vegetarianmeal.12.What’sthemostmovinginthepassage?A.Everythinginorder.B.Thedeliciousdinner.6\nC.Volunteers’unselfishhelp.D.Severaltripstothestation.13.Theunderlinedphrase“givingof”means inthelastparagraph. A.releasingB.dedicatingC.losingD.helping参考答案阅读理解提升练(一) 细节理解题A【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一个伟大的建筑师富勒的话说明了回收利用的价值,之后又通过一个事实例子(养猫喂食),用对比(循环经济和一次性经济)的方式,向我们说明了循环经济的价值所在。1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段引用的BuckminsterFuller的“Pollutionisnothingbuttheresources(资源)wearenotharvesting.Weallowthemtobeleftaroundbecausewe’vebeenignorantoftheirvalue.”可知,他认为污染只不过是我们没有收获的资源。由于我们对它们的价值一无所知,因此让它们白白浪费。故选D项。2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Butinall,only150canswillbeusedupoverthecat’slifetime”可知,循环经济下,要养活一只存活15年的猫需要用掉150个罐子。3.A 推理判断题。文章通过养猫喂食的例子,用数字对比了循环经济和一次性经济消耗资源的不同结果,目的是宣传推广回收利用的理念。B【语篇导读】Sarah要和RobertGraham结婚,一开始遭到Sarah的两个孩子的抵触,最后继父RobertGraham的真诚打动了两个孩子。4.A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“WeshallneverhaveMomtoourselvesagain,Charlottethought.Ifonlyshewerejustakid,andcouldcrywildlyinangeronthefloor!”可知,由于妈妈将要结婚,Charlotte感到很失落。故选A项。5.B 推理判断题。根据第四、五段对孩子的反应的描述,及第七段的“theybothheardthelittleringofdisappointmentinhervoice,andbothknewthattheywerelettingherdown”可知,孩子们的抵触让她感到很尴尬。故选B项。6.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段RobertGraham和孩子们真心的交流可以看出,Sarah和Robert是非常在乎孩子们的感受的。故选C项。C【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。暴雨冲垮了一座桥梁,然而大约三十分钟后一辆快车即将驶来。面对险境,Kate不畏艰难,勇敢地在风雨中前行,最终到达车站,告知站长前方险情,及时地拯救了列车上乘客的生命。6\n7.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的内容可知,Kate要独自一人前往车站告知站长前方险情,拦截火车。故选A项。8.D 推理判断题。纵观全文可知,Kate不顾个人安危,冒险前往车站。一路顶风冒雨,跌跌撞撞,正如经历了一场危险的旅程。故选D项。9.B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段,站长冲进车站大楼,手里拿着红色信号灯出来,挥舞着红灯,由此可推知,站长意识到了前方的危险。故选B项。D【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大雨破坏了作者他们的计划,他们冒雨齐心协力帮助大学的合唱队到达演出地点的故事。10.A 细节理解题。根据文中讲述的冒雨帮助大学的合唱队到达演出地点的事情可知答案。11.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“oneofourchoirmemberspreparedbothavegetarianmealaswellasanon-vegetarianmealforthe25singers”可知答案。12.C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Itwasamazingtoseeanumberofvolunteers,drippingwetthemselvesvolunteeringagaintodrivethestudentsbacktotheuniversity.”可知,最感人的是志愿者冒雨帮助大学的合唱队。13.B 词义猜测题。根据下文的“offeringtodrivethestudentsthedistancebacktotheuniversity”可知“givingof”的意思是“奉献自己”。6
