解密13阅读理解之细节理解题序号题型真题Part1解密高考考点综述备考建议Part2对点解密考点精准说1...真题对点析1...对点模拟练1...Part3强化集训真题模测、典题模测Part1解密高考【考点综述】高考中细节理解题通常占阅读理解题总数的一半以上。细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。【备考建议】做细节理解题时，应该注意以下的命题方式：1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；2.以是非题的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT，近年这种题型较少；3.以Accordingto…开头提问方式；4.以填空题的形式，如：（1）Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised________.（2）Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat________.（3）Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon________.（4）Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit________.（5）Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat________.（6）Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto________.5.就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取\n“带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句．仔细品味，对照比较．确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法．将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。了解细节题干扰选项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：（1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动；（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。Part2对点解密【考点精准说】1----→描写类细节题描写类细节题，常常考查考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事件的起因、发展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较直接，一般不太需要考生对它们进行较深入的理解，对于该类题，考生一般都可以较直接地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。【真题对点析】1（2020·海南高考真题）Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush（灌木丛）intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet-storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（树冠层）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,\nneveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormal-andinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrain-yourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity（湿气）oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.1．Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?A．Theyproduceoxygen.B．Theycoveravastarea.C．Theyarewellmanaged.D．Theyarerichinwildlife.2．Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?A．HeavyrainsB．Bigtrees.C．Smallplants.D．Forestanimals.3．Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A．Formoresunlight.B．Formoregrowingspace.C．Forself-protection.D．Forthedetectionofinsects.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Life-GivingRainforestsB．TheLawoftheJungleC．AnimalsintheAmazonD．WeatherinRainforests【答案】1．D2．B【分析】本文是说明文。热带雨林被称为“世界上最大的药房”，因为超过25%的现代药物是由其植物提炼。热带雨林也享有“地球之肺”的美誉，因其植物的光合作用净化地球空气的能力尤为强大。仅亚马逊热带雨林产生的氧气就占全球氧气总量的1/3。1．\n细节理解题。根据第一段Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.得知，热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。可知，热带雨林有丰富的野生动物，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第二段Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（树冠层）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.得知，热带雨林有自己完美的生存体系，高大的树木有枝干，树叶的树冠层保护树木本身、小植物、动物们免受大雨和太阳强风带来的干燥热浪的伤害。可知，大树有助于热带雨林生存，故选B。【对点模拟练】1Duringthecoldwinterdays,therearesomeinterestingfestivals(节日)intheworld.Lookatthefollowingones.HarbinIceandSnowFestivalPlace:ChinaTime:January5toFebruary5Peoplebuildincrediblethingsoutoficeandsnow,decoratingthemwithlights.TheCarnivalofVenicePlace:ItalyTime:betweenFebruaryandMarchOneofthemostbeautifulfestivalsintheworld,peoplewearmasksandelaboratecostumestohidedifferencesamongclasses,andtherearecontestsforthebestcostumers.HoliFestivalPlace:IndiaTime:lateFebruary/March,onthelastdullmoondayHindusandSikhs,inIndia,Nepal,andSriLankacelebratethemaindayofthisincrediblyfun16-dayfestivalbythrowingcoloredpowderandwaterateachother.SundanceFilmFestivalPlace:Utah,theUSTime:endofFebruaryThelargestindependentfilmfestivalintheUS.Watchbothfeaturefilmsandshorts.You\nneedtobuyaticket.1．Whichofthefollowingfestivalscan’tbecelebratedattheendofFebruary?A．SundanceFilmFestival.B．HarbinIceandSnowFestival.C．HoliFestival.D．TheCarnivalofVenice.2．Ifyouwanttowatchwonderfulfilms,youmaygoto.A．IndiaB．ChinaC．AmericaD．Italy3．IfyougotoEurope,whichfestivalcanyoucelebrate?A．SundanceFilmFestival.B．HoliFestival.C．TheCarnivalofVenice.D．HarbinIceandSnowFestival.【答案】1．B2．C3．C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬季的一些有趣的节日。1．细节理解题。根据HarbinIceandSnowFestival部分中的Time:January5toFebruary5可知，哈尔滨冰雪节的庆祝时间是一月五日到二月五日，因此不能在二月底庆祝的是哈尔滨冰雪节。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据SundanceFilmFestival部分中的ThelargestindependentfilmfestivalintheUS.Watchbothfeaturefilmsandshorts.Youneedtobuyaticket.可知，美国最大的独立电影节。看故事片和短片。你需要买一张票。由此可知，要想看很棒的电影，你也许可以去美国。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据TheCarnivalofVenice部分的Place:Italy可知，TheCarnivalofVenice是意大利的节日，去欧洲可以参加威尼斯狂欢节。故选C。【考点精准说】2--→信息寻找题、广告阅读题信息寻找题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时间表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。\n广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。广告属应用文体。严格来说广告属快速寻找信息题。但是广告有着其他快速寻找信息题不同的特点。广告文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的良好效果。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采用“题干定向法”。（1）补全成分法省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driverwanted.根据文义，可将该句补充为：Adriverwillbewanted.(招聘一名司机)。（2）联想推测法在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。为节省篇幅，特别是在商业广告中，常使用缩写词，尽管有些缩写不太规范，但却常用，常见的缩写词有：Tel.=telephonenumberPh.=phoneAdd(r).=addressco.=companyLtd=LimitedMax=maximumMin=minimumhr=hourt=timefig=figureft=footml=miledoz=dozenMt=MountainP=pageprof.=professorDr.=doctors=southn=northw=westSta=Stationpop=popularvs=versusXmas=Christmasinfo=informationVIP=veryimportantpersonshrs=hoursaft=afterad=advertisementp/t=parttimeexp=experiencedPC=personalcomputerMA=MasterofArtsBSdegree=bachelor'sdegree(学士学位)\n【真题对点析】2（2020·北京高考真题）Lancomisaworldwidelanguagelearningappandaleaderintheonlinelanguagelearningindustrywithmillionsofactivesubscribers.Wehouseabroadrangeofexpertsunitedbythecommongoalofcreatingthebestlanguagelearningtoolspossible.WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.Ourcourses,totalling20,000hoursofcontentin20differentlanguages,guaranteeyoulanguageskillsyoucanuserightaway.AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.Examplesanddialoguesarerecordedwithrealnativespeakersinsteadofautomaticcomputers.Lancomtrainsyourbraintolearnefficiently,soyouabsorbmoreinformationwhileintheappandcontinueleaningoutsideofit.Theappmakesourpracticallanguagelessonsavailablewhereverandwhenever.Weworkdirectlyforourleaners,notforanythirdparty.Andit'sallsupportedbyanefficientcustomerserviceteam,availablethroughtelephone,emailandonlinechat.Millionsoflearnershavetheirownstoriesandtheirownreasonsforlearninganewlanguage.Lancomcaresaboutyouandaddressesyourindividuallearningtype.Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.Ourcontentisaboutreal-lifetopicsthatarerelevantbecauseweknowwhatmatterstoyouiswhatsticksbest.Youwill,finditveryrewardingtolearnwithLancom.ChooseYourSubscriptionandGetStarted1month3months6months12months$12.95/m$8.95/m$7.45/m$6.95/mBuywithconfidence:21-daymoneybackguarantee!Ifyouaren'tsatisfied,justwritetoCustomerServicewithin21days.Contact&Support:customerservice@lancom.com17．WhocanprovideLancomwithahugepotentialforinnovationinlearning?A．Cultureresearchers.B．AIspecialists.C．Languageexperts.D．Art\ndesigners.18．WhatliesatthecoreoftheLancomapp?A．Aflexiblesystem.B．Aneffectivemethod.C．Thebrain-trainingtechnique.D．Theinformativecontent.19．Lancomclaimsthatitisuniqueinits___________.A．personalisedcoursesB．multiplelanguagesC．pricingpolicyD．serviceteam【答案】17．C18．B19．A【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为Lancom的全球性语言学习应用程序，介绍了其特色、价格以及联系方式等信息。17．细节理解题。根据第一段中“WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.”可知，在人工智能专家、艺术设计师和文化研究者的建议下，我们的多语言专家为Lancom在语言学习领域提供了巨大的创新潜力。由此可知，语言专家为Lancom提供学习创新的巨大潜力。故选C。18．细节理解题。根据第二段“AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.”可知，Lancom的核心是一种世界级的有效方法，利用先进的技术来增强语言学习。由此可知，Lancom应用程序的核心是有效的方法。故选B。19．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.”可知，Lancom是唯一一款为您的母语量身定制课程的产品，以您已经掌握的语法和单词为基础，由此可知，Lancom声称它的个性化课程是独一无二的。故选A。【对点模拟练】24StudyandHomeworkAppsforAndroid!Brainly\nPrice：Free/$15per3months/$24peryearBrainlyisasocialnetworkforlearners.Yousignup,askquestions,andgetanswers(usually).Additionally,youcanbrowsethesite,answerotherpeople'squestions,andhelpthemoutaswell.ThereTheychargeonaquarterbasis($15)orayearlybasis($24).ForestPrice:Free/Upto$1.99Forestisadifferenttypeofapp.Oneofthebiggestdistractionsduringstudyisyoursmartphone.Foresthelpsputastoptothat.Youopentheappandatreegrows.Thetreediesifyouleavetheapp.Thus,thereisalittlemotivationtoleavethethingalonewhileyoustudyordohomework.GooglePlayBooksPrice:Freeapp,bookcostsvaryGooglePlayBooksisanexcellentsourceoflearningmaterial.Sometimesyourtextbookjustisn'tenoughandappslikethishaveplentyofadditionalresources.Bookscostmoneyobviously.However,youonlypayforthemonce.Booksareavailableofflineonyoursmartphoneortablet.QuizletPrice:Free/$19.99peryearQuizletisoneofthemostpopularflashcardappsforlanguagelearning.Youcancreateflashcardsplaymemorygames,andevenshareflashcardswithclassmates.Italsosupports18languagesforaboutanysubjectortopic.Thefreeversionshouldworkjustfineforsimpleuses,though.Thepremiumversioncosts$19.99peryear,whichisn'texpensiveforastudyaid.21.WhatisspecialaboutForest?A.Ithelpskeepyoufocused.B.Itanswersyourquestions.C.Itprovidestextbooksforyourstudy.D.Itmotivatesyoutoplantmoretrees.22.Quizletisdesignedfor________.A.BookwormsB.JobseekersC.GameplayersD.Languagelearners23.Whatdotheseappshaveincommon?A.Theyprovideinterestinggamesforlearners.B.Theychargeforsomeservices.\nC.Theyhaveenoughlearningresources.D.Theyaredesignedtodohomeworkquickly.【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个安卓系统的学习应用程序。21.【答案】A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Oneofthebiggestdistractionsduringstudyisyoursmartphone.Foresthelpsputastoptothat.”可知，学习时最大的干扰之一就是你的智能手机。Forest有助于阻止发生这种情况，由此可知，Forest的特别之处是能够帮助你集中注意力，故A项正确。22.【答案】D细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Quizletisoneofthemostpopularflashcardappsforlanguagelearning.”可知，Quizlet是最流行的语言学习抽认卡应用程序之一故D项正确。23.【答案】B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Price：Free/$15per3months/$24peryear”，第二段中的“Price:Free/Upto$1.99”，第三段中的“Price:Freeapp,bookcostsvary”及第四段中的“Price:Free/$19.99peryear”等信息可知，这四个应用程序都会针对一些服务收费，故B项正确。【考点精准说】3----→数据计算题此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。【真题对点析】3【2020·全国新课标II】TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensHistory,Culture&Landscape(景观).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open:29Mar-29Oct，SuntoThurs.Tearoom，Gardens&GiftShop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct).House:11.15-16.00(15.00inOct)\nTown:PooleyBridge&PenrithAbbotHallartGallery&MuseumThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall’stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10.30-17.00Sumner.10.30-16.00Winter.Town:KendalTullieHouseMuseum&ArtGalleryDiscover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere’ssomethingforeveryone!Open:HighSeason1Apr–31Oct:MontoSat10.00–17.00,Sun11.00–17.00.LowSeason1Nov–31Mar:MontoSat10.00–16.30,Sun12.00–16.30.Town:CarlisleDoveCottage&ThewordsworthMuseumDiscoverWilliamWordsworth’sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open:Daily,09.30–17.30(lastadmission17.00).Town:Grasmere21．WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?A．09.30-17.30.B．10.30-16.00.C．11.15-16.00.D．12.00-16.3022．WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum?A．EnjoyRonney’sworks.B．Havesomeinteractivefun.C．Attendafamousfestival.D．Learnthehistoryofafamily23．WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth’slife?A．Penrith.B．Kendal.C．Carlisle.D．Grasmere.\n【答案】21．C22．A23．D【解析】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。21．细节理解题。根据题干中的DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C.11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。22．细节理解题。根据题干中的AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A.EnjoyRomney'sworks.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。23．细节理解题。根据题干中的exploreWordsworth'slife可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town:Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D.Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。【对点模拟练】3（2020·全国高考真题）POETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Prizes3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D．C．foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner’schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart’sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackof\nthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.61．Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Six.62．Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?A．Aplaneticket.B．AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C．AspecialT-shirt.D．AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.63．Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A．Typingyourpoemout.B．Writingapoemof120words.C．Usingbothsidesofthepaper.D．MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】61．A62．C【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。61．细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。62．细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。(2018·江苏卷，A)TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt1000FifthAvenueNewYork,NY10028211-535-7710www.metmuseum.orgEntrances\nFifthAvenueat82ndStreetHoursOpen7daysaweek.Sunday-Thursday10:00-17:30FridayandSaturday10:00-21:00ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,January1,andthefirstMondayinMay.Admission$25.00recommendedforadults,$12.00recommendedforstudents,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊）onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult.FreewithAdmissionAllspecialexhibitions,aswellasfilms,lectures,guidedtours,concerts,gallerytalks,andfamily/children'sprogramsarefreewithadmission.Askabouttoday'sactivitiesattheGreatHallInformationDesk.TheCloistersMuseumandGardensTheCloistersmuseumandgardensisabranchofTheMetropolitanMuseumofArtdevotedtotheartandarchitectureofEuropeintheMiddleAges.Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture,coloredglass,andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedatingfromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.Hours:Open7daysaweek.March-October10:00-17:15November-February10:00-16:45ClosedThanksgivingDay,December25,andJanuary1.56.Howmuchmaytheypayifan11-year-oldgirlandherworkingparentsvisitthemuseum?A.$12.B.$37.C.$50.D.$62【文章大意】本文为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了TheMetropolitanMuseumofArt的地理位置、开放时间、门票收取、展出内容以及分馆TheCloistersMuseumandGardens的相关情况。56.C【解析】数字计算题。根据admission部分中的$25recommendedforadults，$12recommendedfor\nstudents，freeforchildrenunder12withanadult可知11岁的女孩和她父母去参观博物馆只需付两个成人的票价即25×2=50，故答案为C。【考点精准说】4---→排序题、图文转换题和代词指代题解题技能排序题这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。做此类题目可采用＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，这样可以迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速找到答案。阅读理解的文章如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索；如果是议论文，排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。图文转换题此类试题要求根据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或根据图形选出相应的文字。可采用“文字锁定法”，即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，迅速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便做题。代词指代题解题技能代词指代题要求考生一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。【真题对点析】4（2016·新课标卷III））OnoneofhertripstoNewYorkseveralyearsago,EudoraWeltydecidedtotakeacoupleofNewYorkfriendsouttodinner.TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSlidecafeandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.＂Hey,aren’tyoufromMississippi?＂theelegant,white-hairedwriterrememberedbeingaskedbythestranger.＂I’mfromMississippitoo.＂Withoutasecondthought,thewomanjoinedtheWeltyparty.Whenherdinnerpartnershowedup,shealsopulledupachair.＂TheybegantellingmeallthenewsofMississippi,＂Weltysaid.＂Ididn’tknowwhatmyNewYorkfriendswerethinking.＂TaxisonarainyNewYorknightarerarerthansunshine.Bythetimethegroupgotuptoleave,itwaspouringoutside.Welty’snewfriendsimmediatelysentawaitertofindacab.Headingbackdowntowntowardherhotel,herbig-cityfriendswereamazedattheturnofeventsthathadchangedtheirBigAppledinnerintoaMississippistatereunion(团聚).\n＂Myfriendssaid:‘Nowwebelieveyourstories,’＂Weltyadded.＂AndIsaid:‘Nowyouknow.Thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem.’＂Sittingonasofainherroom,Welty,aslimfigureinasimplegraydress,lookedpleasedwiththisexplanation.＂Idon’tmakethemup,＂shesaidofthecharactersinherfictiontheselast50orsoyears.＂Idon’thaveto.＂Beauticians,bartenders,pianoplayersandpeoplewithpurplehats,Welty’speoplecomefromafternoonsspentvisitingwitholdfriends,fromwalksthroughthestreetsofhernativeJackson,Miss.,fromconversationsoverheardonabus.ItannoysWeltythat,at78,herleftearhasnowgivenout.Sometimes,sittingonabusoratrain,shehearsonlyafragment(片段)ofaparticularlyinterestingstory.26.Theunderlinedword＂them＂inParagraph6referstoWelty’s_______.A.readersB.partiesC.friendsD.stories【文章大意】文章介绍了一位女作家请纽约的朋友吃饭时发生的故事。Welty是一位年纪比较大的作家，她来自密西西比。Welty的作品都是来自于现实的生活。26.D【解析】画线的them指代前面提到的人或物，根据＂Nowwebelieveyourstories＂可知，them指代的是Welty写的小说里面的故事，听了Welty和两个陌生人的有关密西西比的谈话之后，Welty的朋友相信了Welty小说里的故事都是来源于生活，故选D。【对点模拟练】4TheHomeofMyPeopleWhenLewisandClarksteppedontotheWeippePrairieinpresent-dayIdahoinSeptember1808,theymettheNezPerceIndians.Inthefollowingyears,thewhiteexplorers（探险者）begantofightwiththeIndiansfortheirland.SomeNezPercechiefssignedagreementswiththeU.S.government,sellingpartoftheirlands.Butthegovernmentalwaysbrokethoseagreementsanddemandedmoreland.\nOtherchiefsrefusedtogoalongwiththegovernment’splans.ThemostfamouswasChiefJoseph,whosepeoplelivedintheWallowaValley（present-dayOregon）.“Inordertohaveallpeopleunderstandhowmuchlandweowned,”heonceexplained,“myfatherplantedpolesarounditandsaid:‘Insideisthehomeofmypeople…Itcircledaroundthegraves（坟墓）ofourfathers,andwewillnevergiveupthesegravestoanyman.’”Butin1874,theU.S.governmentdeclaredthevalleyopenforwhitesettlementandorderedtheNezPerceontoareservation（保留地）.Seeingthatresistancewasuseless,ChiefJosephagreedtomove.Later,fightingbrokeoutbetweentheNezPerceandU.S.soldiers.ChiefJosephtriedtoleadhispeopletoCanada,winningseveralbattlesagainstthesoldiersduringtheirflight.Butfinally,hewasforcedtogivein.1.Whichhistoricsite（onthemap）liesinthesouthoftoday’sNezPerceReservation?A.BuffaloEddy.B.DugBar.C.JosephCanyonViewpoint.D.ChiefLookingGlassCamp.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNezPercelandsfromthemap?A.TheywereinthestateofOregon.B.Theyhavebecomeahistoricsite.C.Theyhavebecomemuchsmaller.D.TheywerelimitedtotheWallowaValley.【答案与解析】1.D此题考查学生的图示理解能力。首先要找到并标出现在NezPerceReservation所在的位置，然后找到它以南的历史景点。可以看到ChiefLookingGlasscamp位于NezPerceReservation的南部。2.C从地图中我们可以看到，NezPerce原先所拥有的土地比现在NezPerce保留区的位置大多了。Part3强化集训【真题模测】Passage1【2020·全国新课标I】TrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.\nWhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled，therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.Lostproperty(失物招领)CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays，i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable，Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am21．Whatwouldyoudogettickerinformation?A．Call131617.B．Visittranslink.com.au.C．Askatthelocalstation.D．Checkthetrainschedule.22．Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?A．Altandi.B．RomaStreet.C．VarsityLakes.D．FortitudeValley.23．WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?\nA．6:42pm.B．7:29pm.C．8:57pm.D．11:02pm.【答案】21．C22．B23．B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。21．细节理解题。根据第一段中Forticketinformation,pleaseaskyourlocalstationorcall131230.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。22．细节理解题。根据Lostproperty部分中ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocatedatRomaStreetstation.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在RomaStreet你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据Guardiantrans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地VarsityLakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往VarsityLakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。Passage2【2020·全国新高考II山东卷】POETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Prizes3GrandPrizes：TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.6FirstPrizes：ThebookSkyPioneer：APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.50HonorableMentions：Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight.RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackof\nthepaper.■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirthdate.■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.1881.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?（）A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.2.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?（）A.Aplaneticket.B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.C.AspecialT-shirt.D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?（）A.Typingyourpoemout.B.Writingapoemof120words.C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等做了介绍。1.细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer”可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故结合选项，B选项（写一首120字的诗）是会被取消资格的。故选B。Passage3（2018·全国新课标卷I，B）GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchef\nMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’sleantintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11."WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"sheexplains."Ipay£5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves."Theeight-partseries(系列节自),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadalightbudgetforherfamily.25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一档英国系列电视节目，给观众介绍如何减少食物浪费以及如何以较少的预算做出美味佳肴。24.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段知道GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole可知，她开辟了一个新的节目。故选B。25.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.可知，Susanna在Matt\nTebbutt的帮助下，提供如何减少食物浪费同时给每日生活费低于5英镑的每个家庭准备食谱。故选C。解题关键词：同义词表达withthehelpof和help。【新题模测】Passage1Atage12,KeeganSobiloofNewBaltimorecarefullytuckshislegsandarmsintoafiresuit,pullsonahelmetandclimbsintoaracecarthatexceeds80mph.Hehasbeendoingthissinceage8.“Atfirst,Iwasscaredtodeath.Iwaslike,'Let'sdobowlingorswimming.'It'sstillveryscary.Butheknowswhathe'sdoing.Yourheartgoesoutonthattrackeverytimehegoesoutthere,"saidhismotherHillarySobilo.＂Thesixth-graderalwayswearspajamastothetrackeverynightandtakesthemoffwhenheputshisraceclotheson.He'sbeendoingthatforthelastfouryears.That'shistrademark,”saidTimPhillips,hiscrewchief.Thefirsttimeheworehistrainpajamastothetrack,Keeganwentfromlastplacetoninthplace.Hedecidedtheybroughtluck.Sincethen,hehaswonaseriesofchampionships.Passionforcarsrunsinthefamily.Keegan'sfatherisadesignmechanicatFiatChryslerAutomobiles.Heknowswhatitmeanstohaveseatsandrollcagesbuilttofithisson'sbody."WhatIseeinKeeganispassion,likehowIfeelaboutcarrestoration.Butforhim,everythinghastoalignitself.Itellmysonyouhavetobetheperfectpackage.Winningraceseveryweekendisnottheonlykey.Moreimportantly,youhavetohavetherightname,youhavetolookthecorrectway,speakthecorrectway,andactthecorrectway.Thentherestofitisreallyluck,likethestockmarket.Ifyoudon'tputyourselfoutthere,you'llneverhititbig."WhileKeegan'sclassmatesplaybasketballandvolleyball,KeeganisattheBirchRun\ntrack-practicing,qualifyingandracinguntil10p.m.or2a.m.Whilemanychildrenspendtimeplayingvideogames,Keeganrunsracesimulationtrainingwithhisjoystickafterschool.＂Thekidiscool.Itwaslikehavingagrandson.Weshowedrespecttoeachother.Andhetakesitveryseriously,"saidcompetitorMikeTodd,69,ofGalesburg,Michigan."He'sanoldersoulinayoungman'sbody.I'dliketoseehimmakeitbig.He'sgotthewillpower."21．Keeganenjoys______A．swimmingB．racingcarsC．bowlingD．playinggames22．Accordingtothepassage.,whatdoesKeegan'sfathervaluemost?A．Victory.B．Safety.C．Goodqualities.D．Realluck.23．ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatA．KeeganspendsalotoftimepracticingB．thetrainpajamasbringKeegansuccessC．Keegan'smotherworriesabouthisstudiesD．Keeganpickedupthehobbyattheageof4【答案】21．B22．C23．A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁男孩对赛车的热爱和追求并为之努力训练的故事。21．细节理解题。结合全文内容，如第一段末尾“...climbsintoaracecarthatexceeds80mph.Hehasbeendoingthissinceage8.”（……爬进了一辆速度超80英里每小时的赛车，他从八岁起就一直做这个）可知，他喜欢的是赛车，故选B。22．细节理解题。根据第四段Keegan父亲的话“Winningraceseveryweekendisnottheonlykey.Moreimportantly,youhavetohavetherightname,youhavetolookthecorrectway,speakthecorrectway,andactthecorrectway.”可知，每个周末赢得比赛并不是唯一的追求。更重要的是，你要有正确的言行举止，为人处世要得当，C项“美好品质”是对这的准确概括，他父亲看重的是这个，故选C。23．细节理解题。根据原文第五段结尾处“KeeganisattheBirchRuntrack-practicing,qualifyingandracinguntil10p.m.or2a.m.Whilemanychildrenspendtimeplayingvideogames,Keegan\nrunsracesimulationtrainingwithhisjoystickafterschool.”可知Keegan可能会练习赛车直到晚上十点甚至是凌晨两点，当其他孩子都在玩游戏时，他在放学后把时间都花在赛车模拟训练上了。从原文这一内容可知Keegan花了很多的时间练习（赛车），故选A。Passage2HotScienceTheBenefitsExpertshavefoundthatthereareclearhealthbenefitsofdrinkingtea.Researchhasledtothediscoverythatchemicalsfoundinteacanhelppreventcelldamage.Andthereisclearevidencethatdrinkingthreetofourcupsofteaadaywillreducethechancesofheartattacksandcertaincancers.Otherhealthbenefitsincludebonestrengtheningandprotectionagainstbadteeth."Drinkingteaisactuallybetterforyouthandrinkingwater,"saidonedoctor.Re-hydrationTherewasalsosomeinterestinginformationonthequalitiesoftea.Theresearchdispelsthefearthatteaisdehydrating(脱水）。＂Everyoneassumesthatcaffeine-containingdrinkssuchasteadehydrate,"aleadingexpertexplained."Butevenifyouhadareallystrongcupoftea,youTeaJokesWhywastheteacherangrywiththeTeapot?Becausehewas"naughtea".Whatdidtheteapotweartobed?A"nightea".TeaFactsHerearesometrulyamazingteafacts.Tea·comesfromthe.leavesofa·treecalledcamelliasinensis.Thetreecangrowover10metrestall.However,itiscutshortsothattheleavescanbetakeneasily.TeaisgrowninIndia,SriLanka,China,Indonesia,Argentina,'Kenya;Japan,Taiwan,Bangladesh,Uganda,Malawi,Turkey,Iran,BrazilandTanzania.Indiaistheworld'slargestteaproducer.Eightypercentofthecaffeineinteacanberemovedbypouringhotwaterovertheleaves.\nwouldstillhaveagainoffluid（液体）。Intermsoffluidintake,werecommend1.5to2litresperday,andthatcanincludetea.Teaisnotdehydrating.It'sahealthydrink."TheNegativeSideTherewasonlyonebitofbadnewsabouttea.Researchsuggeststhatteacanaffectthebody'sabilitytoabsorbironfromfood.Thismeansthatpeopleatriskofanaemia(贫血）shouldavoiddrinkingteaaroundmealtimes.8．TeaisunabletohelppreventA．heartattacksB．badteethC．weakbonesD．ironshortage9．Theunderlinedword"dispel"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningtoA．confirmB．conveyC．removeD．raise10．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Teaisusedtocuredifferentdiseases.B．Strongteacannotrelievehumanthirst.C．Teajokesonlyworkforthetealovers.D．Teabushesarecutshortforeasyharvest.【答案】8．D9．C10．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章用生动的语言分板块分别讲述了饮茶的好处与某些坏处、茶树与茶的知识科普以及有关茶的笑话。8．细节理解题。在“Benefits”部分中,“threeorfourcupsofteaadaywillreducethechances\nofheartattacksandcertaincancers.（每天喝三到四杯茶可以降低患心脏病和某些癌症的几率。）”“Otherhealthbenefitsincludebonestrengtheningandprotectionagainstbadteeth.（其他的健康益处还包括增强骨骼和防止坏牙。）”可知，饮茶有利于减少心脏问题的发生、增强骨质以及预防牙齿问题。而在“negativeside”板块中“Thismeansthatpeopleatriskofanaemia(贫血）shouldavoiddrinkingteaaroundmealtimes.”我们可以得知，贫血的人不适宜饮茶，故饮茶会增加缺铁的风险，而不是预防。故选D。9．词义猜测题。根据划线单词后“thefearthatteaisdehydrating(脱水）”可知，人们害怕茶会有脱水的作用。而后文专家的解释中说明了茶并不会起到脱水的作用，茶是一种健康的饮品。故此处的“dispel”应为与打消，消除相近的含义。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第一段“Andthereisclearevidencethatdrinkingthreetofourcupsofteaadaywillreducethechancesofheartattacksandcertaincancers.（有明确的证据表明，每天喝三到四杯茶可以降低心脏病和某些癌症的发病率。）”可知，A选项中“curedifferentdiseases”并未在文中体现，文中只说明饮茶可以预防一些疾病的发生，所以选项A错误。B选项中“cannot”与文意相悖，文中Re-hydration板块中的专家提及即使喝了浓茶也会相当于摄入了人体所需的液体，所以浓茶也可以起到解渴的作用。而C选项中的笑话则是并不饮茶的人也能理解的。故A、B、C选项皆为错误选项。D选项可以定位至Teafacts中的第一条However,itiscutshortsothattheleavescanbetakeneasily.，即茶树会被砍短以方便采收。所以选项D的描述正确。故选D。Passage3Youmightwanttotakethisnewsstandingup.AnationalsurveyfindsthatAmericansofallagesarespendingmoretimesitting.Sittingtoomuch——especiallywhenwatchingtelevision,phonesorotherscreens—canbebadforpeople’shealth,researchsuggests.Inanewstudy,researchersanalyzedpreviouslycollectedsurveydatafrommorethan50,000Americanchildren,teenagersandadults.Thesurveys,whichwentfrom2001through2016,askedpeoplehowmuchtimetheyspentsitting.Peoplereportedsittingalot.Forexample,closetotwo-thirdsofchildrenandteenssaidtheysatatleasttwohoursadaywatchingtelevisionorvideos.Thedataalsoshowedthatcomputeruseoutsideofschoolorworkhasbeenincreasingacrossallages.LinYangisapublic-healthexpertatAlbertaHealthServicesinCalgary,Canada.Asanauthorofthenewstudy,shenotesthatthistrendisnotuniquetotheUnitedStates.“Otherstudies\noutofEuropeandAustraliahavealsofoundincreasesinsittingtime,”shesays.“Thisincludessittingforworkorschoolaswellasdrivingratherthanwalkingorridingabike.”Inrecentyears,inactivityhasbeenseenasanimportantrisktopeople’shealth.TheUSDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesupdateditsPhysicalActivityGuidelinesforAmericanslastyear.Itnowstressesnewresearchaboutthedangersoftoomuchsitting.“ThisnewversionrecommendsAmericansnotonlymovemore,butalsositless,”Yangsays.ThoughAmericanssitalotduetoscreentime,theycanmakeuseofittoreduceitsrisktohealth.ErinO’Loughlin,anexercisepsychologistatConcordiaUniversityinMontreal,Canada,studieshowactivevideogames—sometimescalled“exergames”—canhelpkidsmovemore.ThatmaybegoodnewsforAmericans.“Sportsaregreat.Butyoudon’thavetoplaysportsifthat’snotyourthing,”shesays.Toupyouractivetime,sherecommendsfindingwhatattractsyou.“Ifyoulikescreentime,trytomixitwithphysicalactivity,”shesays.“Youcandothisbyplayingactivevideogames.”4．Whatdidresearchersdointhenewstudy?A．Theycollectedworldwidedata.B．Theyimprovedparticipants’health.C．Theydidanalysisonpreviousdata.D．Theyobservedpeoplewatchvideos.5．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thistrend”inparagraph3referto?A．Sittingindifferentplaces.B．Lackofoutdoorexercise.C．Theincreaseinsittingtime.D．Thedecreaseofscreentime.6．WhatisErinO’Loughlin’sideaaboutthewaytomovemore?A．Combinedonescomefirst.B．Interestactuallymattersalot.C．Theeasiestoneisthebest.D．Themorechallenging,thebetter.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TakeMeasurestoCutDownSittingTimeB．StandInsteadofSittinginFrontofScreensC．AmericansShouldLimitTheirScreenTimeD．ScreenTimeBringsHealthRisktoAmericans【答案】4．C5．C6．B7．D\n【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。屏幕时间导致美国人坐立的时间更久，而这会威胁他们的健康。因此，专家建议美国人应该多动少坐，而心理学家建议人们可以将运动和屏幕时间相结合。4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inanewstudy,researchersanalyzedpreviouslycollectedsurveydatafrommorethan50000Americanchildren,teenagersandadults.(在一项新的研究中，研究人员分析了之前收集的50000多名美国儿童、青少年和成年人的调查数据。)”可知，在新的研究中，研究者们对之前的数据进行了分析。故选C。5．词义猜测题。根据画线词后“…isnotuniquetotheUnitedStates.‘OtherstudiesoutofEuropeandAustraliahavealsofoundincreasesinsittingtime,’(……并非美国独有。“欧洲和澳大利亚的其他研究也发现人们坐着的时间增加了，”)”可推断，画线部分指代“坐立时间的增加”。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段、尤其是“Toupyouractivetime，sherecommendsfindingwhatattractsyou.(为了增加你的活动时间，她建议找到吸引你的东西。)”可知，ErinO’Loughlin关于“多动的方法”的观点是“兴趣很重要”。故选B。7．主旨大意题。通读全文、尤其是文章第一段“AnationalsurveyfindsthatAmericansofallagesarespendingmoretimesitting.Sittingtoomuch——especiallywhenwatchingtelevision,phonesorotherscreens—canbebadforpeople’shealth,researchsuggests.”可知，一项全国调查发现，所有年龄段的美国人坐着的时间都在增加。研究表明，久坐——尤其是看电视、手机或其他屏幕时——可能对人体健康有害。所以“ScreenTimeBringsHealthRisktoAmericans(长时间看电视给美国人带来健康风险)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
