2022高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项50-34AWalkthroughtheAmazonrainforesttodayandyouwillfinditissteamy,warm,dampandthick.Butifyouhadbeenaround15,000yearsago,duringthelasticeage,wouldithavebeenthesame?Formorethan30years,scientistshavebeenarguingabouthowrainforestsliketheAmazonmighthavereacted（反应）tothecold,dryclimatesoftheiceages,butuntilnow,noonehasreachedasatisfyinganswer.RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonesofCO2eachyear;equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.ButhowwilltheAmazonreacttofutureclimatechange?Ifitgetsdrier,willitstillsurviveandcontinuetodrawdownCO2?Scientistshopethattheywillbeabletolearninadvancehowtherainforestwillmanageinthefuturebyunderstandinghowrainforestsreactedtoclimatechangeinthepast.Unfortunately,gettingintotheAmazonrainforestandcollectinginformationareverydifficult.Tostudypastclimate,scientistsneedtolookatfossilizedpollen,keptinlakemuds.Goingbacktothelasticeagemeansdrillingdeepdownintolakesediments（沉淀物）,whichrequiresspecializedequipmentandheavymachinery.Thereareveryfewroadsandpaths,orplacestolandhelicoptersandaeroplanes.Riverstendtobetheeasiestwaytoentertheforest,butthisstillleavesvastareasbetweentheriverscompletelyunsampled（未取样）.Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonrainforestreactstoclimatechange.1.Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans________.A.cleaningupB.takinginC.wipingoutD.givingout答案解析：答案为B。本题为词义推断题。结合上下文，与moppingup并列的是“helpingtoslowglobalwarming”，由此可以推断，mopup就是去除CO2；并且后面的“CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonesofCO2eachyear…”中的“takein”也对此进行了呼应，故答案为B。“cleanup”意为“清洁”；“wipeout”意为“消灭，彻底摧毁”；“giveout”意为“分发，散发”。2.HowwilltheAmazonrainforestreacttofutureclimatechange?A.It’llgetdrierandcontinuetoremoveCO2.B.It’llremainsteamy,warm,dampandthickC.It’llgetwarmerandthencolderanddrier.D.Thereisnoexactansweruptopresent.答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。第二段提出问题，第三段进行探索问题。结合第三段首句“Unfortunately,gettingintotheAmazonrainforestandcollectinginformationareverydifficult.”和最后一句“Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonrainforestreactstoclimatechange.”3\n可知，收集信息非常困难，即使目前收集到的一点信息也没有哪一点可以作出证明。故答案为D。3.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.It’simportanttodrilldeepdownintolakesedimentstocollectinformation.B.It’simpossibletoprovehowclimatechangesintheAmazonrainforest.C.It’shardtocollectinformationforstudiesofthepastclimateintheAmazonrainforest.D.It’snecessarytohavespecializedequipmentandmachinerytostudythepastclimate.答案解析：答案为C。从第三段的最后一句话“Sofar,onlyahandfulofcoreshavebeendrilledthatgobacktothelasticeageandnoneofthemprovideenoughinformationtoprovehowtheAmazonrainforestreactstoclimatechange.”可知，答案为C。B选项显得绝对。4.Thebesttitleforthispassagemayprobablybe_________.A.StudiesoftheAmazonB.ClimatesoftheAmazonC.SecretsoftheRainforestsD.ChangesoftheRainforests答案解析：答案为C。本文第一段前两句提出问题，第三句话引入文本的讨论点：热带雨林的变化。下文以亚马逊热带雨林为例进行研究，最终发现很难收集资料去证明热带雨林的变化，热带雨林的秘密有待人们去探索。故答案为C。本文的重心是在讨论如何收集到足够的证据来证明热带雨林的变化，而不是揭示热带雨林有何变化。故排除干扰性最强的D选项。BWindisthegreatmakerofwaves.Thereareexceptions,suchasthetidal(潮汐的)wavessometimesproducedbyearthquakesunderthesea.Butthewavesmostofusknowareproducedbywindsblowingoverthesea.Nowbeforeconstructinganimaginarylifehistoryofatypicalwave,weneedtoknowcertainphysicalthingsaboutit.Awavehasheight,fromtrough(lowpoint)tocrest(highPoint).Ithaslong-thedistancefromthiscresttothatofthefollowingwave.Theperiodofthewavemeansthetimeittakesforsucceedingcreststopassafixedpoint.Noneofthesethingsstaysthesame--foralldependuponthewind,uponthedepthofthewaterandmanyothermatters.Thewaterthatmakesupawavedoesnotadvancewithitacrossthesea.Eachdropofwaterturnsaroundinalittlecirclewiththepassingofthewave,butreturnsverynearlytoitsoriginalposition.Anditisfortunatethatthisisso.Forifthehugemassesofwaterthatmakeupawaveactuallymovedacrossthesea,sailingwouldbeimpossible.Ifwewanttofindthespeedofawave,wemayusethefollowingway:Speed=wavelength×frequencyHere,wavelengthisthedistancebetweentwohighpoints(crests),frequencymeansthenumberofcyclespersecond1.Whatcauseswaves?A.Earthquakesandnothingelse.B.Onlywind.3\nC.Windcausesmostwaves.D.Windcausessomewaves.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第一段的最后一句话“Butthewavesmostofusknowareproducedbywindsblowingoverthesea.”可知，答案为C。2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thewaterofawavemovesawayacrossthesea.B.Thewaterofawaveremainsalmostatthesameplace.C.Thewaterofawavegoeswiththepassingofthewave.D.Thelengthofawavemeansthedistancefromthetopofawavetothebottom.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。从第三段“Thewaterthatmakesupawavedoesnotadvancewithitacrossthesea.Eachdropofwaterturnsaroundinalittlecirclewiththepassingofthewave,butreturnsverynearlytoitsoriginalposition.”可知，组成波的水并不随着波的前进而前进，每一滴水随着波的前进形成了一个小圆圈，但是几乎回到原位置。故A，C错误，B选项正确。最后一段提到“Here,wavelengthisthedistancebetweentwohighpoints(crests)…”,故答案D错误。3.ThespeedofWave1is100cm/s,frequency10.ThefrequencyofWave2is300,whileitsspeedistwicethatofWave1.Whichofthefollowingisright?A.Thewavelengthsofthetwoareequal.B.ThewavelengthofWave1is10timeslongerthanthatofWave2.C.ThewavelengthofWave2islongerthanthatofWave1.D.ThewavelengthofWave1islongerthanthatofWave2.答案解析：答案为D。本题为计算题。按照后文提到的公式“Speed=wavelength×frequency”即可计算出答案为D。3
