2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（一）一：词组梳理1.exchangeAforB.用A交换B；2.Atthesametime.与此同时；3.Withthedevelopmentof….随着…的发展；4.Sharesthwithsb.与某人分享/共用某物；5.Befamous/known/notedfor…因为…而出名；6.Befamous/known/notedas…作为…而出名；7.Bechargedfor…为…付费；8.Approach/solutiontosth/doingsth.某事/做某事的途径/解决方法；9.Playarole/partin…扮演…的角色，起到…的作用；10.Preparefor/makepreparationsfor为…做准备；11.Respectfor对…尊重；12.Relyon/dependon依赖，依靠；13.Contribute…to…把…贡献给…，contributeto有助于/导致；14.Benamedafter以…命名；15.Complainabout抱怨/埋怨/投诉；16.Adjustto适应；17.Benefitfrom…从…中受益；bebeneficialto对…有益；18.Becaughtin遭遇；19.Keepintouchwithsb与某人保持联系；20.Liein在于；21.Applyfor申请；applyto应用于；applyto…for…向…申请…；22.Takesthintoconsideration/account;考虑某事；23.Beworriedabout对……担忧；24.Aheadoftime,inadvance;提前；25.Allofasudden;突然；26.Asaresult,结果是；asaresultof由于……；27.Atthebeginningof以……开端；28.Atthecostof以……为代价；\n29.Atthebottomof在……底部；30.Attitudeto/towards….对…的态度；31.Beabsorbedin沉迷于…；32.Beadmittedto被……录取；33.Beanxiousabout对…焦虑；34.Beashamedof羞耻，惭愧；35.Bebasedon基于……；36.Beconcernedabout对…担忧/关心；37.Beconnectedwith与…有联系；38.Befitforsb适合某事；39.Beharmfulto对…有害；40.Bekeenon喜欢；二：习题训练（A）Olympichostcitiesaregenerallyconsideredtobeequippedwithadvancedtechnologyandexpensivefacilities.Now,peoplecanjustgothereforalittleOlympic-levelentertainment.Athens,Greece(1896and2004)HometothefirstmodernOlympicgamesin1896,Athens'historyoftheOlympictraditiondatesbackseveralthousandyears.Everyfouryears,theOlympictorchislitatthePanathenaicStadiuminAthensbeforebeginningitslongjourneytothenewhostcity.VisitorscanwalkthroughtheOlympicVelodromeintheOlympicSportsComplexandstepbackintimeatthe50,000-seatstadium.Barcelona,Spain(1992)ThesedaysBarcelonaisamongtheworld'smostvisitablecitiesevenwithoutOlympicfame,butthatisn'talwaysthecase.ThetelecommunicationstowerbuiltforthegamesbySpanisharchitectCalatravaisalsoaniconic(图像的）deviceofthecity'sskyline,anditsOlympicsstadium-MontjuicStadiumisregularlyusedtohostA-listmusicalperformanceslikeTheRollingStones,Madonna,andBeyonce.StMoritz,Switzerland(1924and1948)\nAppropriately,thetownthatinventedAlpinetourismhashostedtheWinterOlympicstwice,andcontinuestomakeuseofitsmanysportsfacilities-ifyoucanaffordtogetthere.StayattheKulmHotelfortheeasiestaccesstotheKulmCountryClub,whereguestscanskateonthesamelakeusedbymid-centuryOlympians,ortestyourcourageontheOlympiaBobRun,oneofthefewplaceswhereyoucanrideafull-speedOlympicbobsled(双人雪橇）onarunconstructedentirelyofice.Sydney,Australia(2000)Theturn-of-the-centurySydneySummerOlympicswerenamedthe"GreenGames"bytheInternationalOlympicCommittee(10C)andweredesignedtointroduceamoreenvironmentallyconsciouswayofhostingtheevent.ThestructurethatbestshowsSydney'seffortstobeanexampleofcontinuingOlympicdevelopmentistheANZStadium.1．WheredoesthehostcitygettheOlympictorchlit?A．AtthePanathenaicStadium.B．AttheOlympicSportsComplex.C．AttheMontjuicStadium.D．AttheANZStadium.2．WhowillprobablychoosetovisitSt.Moritz?A．Thosefondofice-sports.B．Thosefondoflisteningtoopera.C．Thoseinterestedinpopularmusic.D．ThoseinterestedinOlympichistory.3．What'sspecialaboutSydneyOlympicGames?A．TheirdesignersarefromSpain.B．TheyarethoughtpoorlyofbytheIOC．C．Theyarehostedinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.D．TheirdesignintentionisproposedbySydneyauthority.（B）Wheredohurricanenamescomefrom?Whydowegivehumannamestoviolent,mindlessmassesofwaterandwind?Andhowdoweallagreewhichnametouse?\nBeforethe1940s,onlytheworststormsweregivennames.1．TherewastheSeaIslandsHurricaneof1893,theGreatGalvestonHurricaneof1900andtheLaborDayHurricaneof1935tonameafew.Thepracticeofusingmorememorablenamesdidn'tbeginuntil1950.ItwaswhenAtlantictropicalhurricanesreceivedofficialnames,althoughtheystillweren'thumanones.2．Sothe1950seasonfeaturedsuchstrangelynamedstormsasHurricaneDog,HurricaneEasyandHurricaneLove.3．Thesamelistofnameswasrecycledeveryyear,sothe1950-1952seasonseachfeaturedaHurricaneAblethroughatleastHurricaneFox.Thatbecameconfusing,soin1953theU.S.NationalHurricaneCenterbeganusingfemalehumannames,whichprovedfarmoresuccessful.Notonlydiditmakestormidentificationeasier,butithelpedauthoritiesandnewsoutletsspreadwarnings.4．Thefirsthurricanenameswereofteninspiredbyforecasters'wives,butin1979men'snameswereaddedtothemixTheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationnowmonitorsthemasterlistofnames,whichalternatesbetweenmaleandfemalessixlistsarerotatedannuallyintheAtlantic.sothe2015nameswillbeusedagainin2021.5．Seventy-eightAtlantichurricanenameshavebeenretiredsince1954,including29since2000.A．Besides,ithelpedthepublicpayattentiontothem.B．Thesenameswerechosenfromsomefamiliarwords.C．Thisnamingrule,however,hadanobviousweakness.D．Thesenamesofretiredhurricanesaresillyorunreasonable.E.Butwhenahurricaneisbadenough,itsnamecanberetired.F.Theywereusuallybasedontheplaceortimeofyeartheymadelandfall.G.Itisalsoeasiertousenameswhenwehavemorethanonestormtotrack.\n答案及解析A【答案】1．A2．A3．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了了几个奥运会举办城市：雅典、西班牙巴塞罗那、瑞士圣莫里茨、澳大利亚悉尼的各自的特色。1．细节理解题。第二段“Everyfouryears,theOlympictorchislitatthePanathenaicStadiuminAthens”可知，每四年，奥运火炬在雅典的帕纳尼克体育场点燃。结合选项，故选A项。2．细节理解题。第四段“thetownthatinventedAlpinetourismhashostedtheWinterOlympicstwice”可知，圣莫里茨已经举办了两届冬奥会，以及“whereguestscanskateonthesamelakeusedbymid-centuryOlympians”可知，在那里，游客能够在中世纪奥运会选手使用过得同一个湖上滑冰，因此，喜欢冰上运动的人可能会选择圣莫里茨。结合选项，故选A项。3．细节理解题。最后一段“SydneySummerOlympicswerenamedthe"GreenGames"”可知悉尼夏季奥运会被国际奥委会命名为绿色奥运会，以及“weredesignedtointroduceamoreenvironmentallyconsciouswayofhostingtheevent”可知，它被设计成旨在引入一种更环保的主办方式，结合选项，故选C项。B【答案】FBCAE【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种给飓风命名的方式。1．由下一句“1893年的海岛飓风，1900年的加尔维斯顿大飓风和1935年的劳动节飓风等等。”可知，这些飓风都是根据时间地点来命名的，承接下文，F选项“它们通常是根据它们一年中登陆的地点或时间来确定的。”切题。故选F项。2．由上两句“使用更容易记住的名字的做法直到1950年才开始。那是大西洋热带飓风正式命名的时候，尽管它们还不是人类的名字。”和下一句“所以1950年的季节有这样奇怪的命名风暴，如飓风狗，飓风易和飓风爱。”可知，飓风狗，飓风易和飓风爱（Dog、Easy和Love很熟悉常见）都是选用熟悉的词命名的，承接上下文，B选项“这些名字是从一些熟悉的词中选出来的。”切题。故选B项。3\n．由下三句“每年都会重复使用相同的名称列表，所以1950-1952年的每一季都至少有一次飓风能和飓风福克斯。这让人很困惑，因此1953年美国国家飓风中心开始使用女性人名，这一做法被证明是成功的。它不仅使风暴识别更加容易，而且帮助当局和新闻机构传播警报。”可知，选用熟悉的词给飓风命名，会产生有“许多相同名字飓风”的弱点，这让人们很困惑，这不利于识别飓风和发出警报，所以才出现了用女性人名命名的方式（有利于识别飓风和发出警报），承接下文，C选项“然而，这个命名规则有一个明显的弱点。”切题。故选C项。4．由上一句“它不仅使风暴识别更加容易，而且帮助当局和新闻机构传播警报。”可知，上下两句讲飓风用女性人名命名的好处，上下两句是顺承递进关系，承接上文，A选项“此外，它也有助于公众对它们的关注。”切题。故选A项。5．由下一句“自1954年以来，已有78个大西洋飓风名称被注销，其中29个是2000年以来的。”可知，承接下文，E选项“但是当飓风够糟糕的时候，它的名字可以注销。”切题；该选项中的retired对应下文的retired，同词复现。故选E项。
