2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（十）一：词组梳理1．不可推卸的义务unshakableduty2．满足需求satisfy/meettheneedsof…3．可靠的信息源areliablesourceofinformation4．宝贵的自然资源valuablenaturalresources5．因特网theInternet（一定要由冠词，字母I大写）6．方便快捷convenientandefficient7．在人类生活的方方面面inallaspectsofhumanlife8．环保（的）environmentalprotection/environmentallyfriendly9．社会进步的体现asymbolofsocietyprogress10．科技的飞速更新theever-acceleratedupdatingofscienceandtechnology11．take（a）delightin喜欢干…，以…为乐12．demandsthofsb向某人要求（非物质的）东西。demandsthfromsb向某人要求（物质的）东西13．.indemand有需求；ondemand受到要求时14．bedependenton依靠15．deprivesbofsth剥夺某人某物16．derive…from（=obtain…from）从…取得，由…来的。derivefrom（=comefrom）起源于17．despairof（=loseallhopeof）绝望18．indespair绝望19．despite（=inspiteof）不管，尽管20．indetail详细地21．deviatefrom偏离，不按…办22．onadiet吃某种特殊饮食，节食23．differfrom…in与…的区别在于…24．indifficulties…有困难，处境困难，25．dischargesb（from）…for（=dismisssbfromajobfor）因…解雇，开除26．fallback（=retreat，turnback）撤退；indisorder慌乱地，狼狈不堪\n1．ondisplay（=beingshownpublicly）陈列2．disposeof（=getridof，throwaway）处理掉3．beyonddispute不容争议的，无可争议4．indispute在争议中5．inthedistance在远处。makeout辩认出6．（be）distinctfrom（=bedifferentfrom）与…截然不同7．distinguishbetween（=makeorrecognizedifferences）辨别8．distinguish…from把…与…区别开9．doawaywith（=getridof；abolish；discardeliminate）除去，废除，取消；doawaywith（=kill）杀掉，镇压10．have…todowith与…有关系11．withoutdoubt（=undoubtedly）无可置疑地12．indoubt（=inaconditionofuncertainty）对…表示疑惑13．bedueto是由于14．comeoffduty下班15．goonduty上班二：习题训练（A）Brainstormingreallycanplayaroleinyourstudies.Itcanhelpopenupyourimagination.1．Youcanbrainstormaloneorinagroup；eitherwaycanhelpincreasethenumberofideasyoucomeupwith.Forinstance,youcantryfree-writing.Writeyourproblematthetopofapage.Onceyoudothat,justbeginwriting.2．Usingthistechniquecanhelpgetyourideasflowing,aswellashelpyoumakeconnectionsyouhaven'tthoughtof.Whenyou'vespentatleast10or15minutesfree-writingorwhenyoufeellikeyou'vereachedastoppingpoint,lookbackoveryourwritingandhighlightorcircleanythingthatmightbeuseful.3．Youcanstartwithyourprobleminthecenterwithinacircle.Usealinetobranchoffthemainideawithanotheridea.Grouplikeideastogetherwithlines.Startnewbranchesfornewideas.Thistechniqueisalsogoodformakingconnections,\nespeciallysinceyoucanrepresentitvisually.Individualbrainstormingisthemosteffectivewhenyouneedtosolveasimpleproblem,generatealistofideas,orfocusonabroadissue.4．Inagroup,besuretobrainstormbeforeyougettogethersoyouhavesometimetothink.Makesuretoavoidcriticizingorrewardingideas»asthatcanstoppeoplefrombringingupideasandlimitingcreativity.Theleadercanthrowoutatopicorproblem,andthenthegroupcanbounceideasoffofeachother.Willtheideasbegoodornottoogood?5．Thedeeperanalysisyouhavemade,thehigheritshouldbetofixtheproblemtoyourbenefit.A．Analyzingisanimportantstep.B．Youcanseedifferentsolutions.C．Takingnotesisverynecessary.D．Anotherwaytobrainstormistomakeaconcepttree.E.Don'tcriticize,justwritewhatevercomestoyourmind.F.Groupbrainstormingisoftenmoreeffectiveforsolvingcomplexproblems.G.Askyourselfwhatreallymatters,thenmoveyourdailyactivitiesinthatdirection.（B）Onceacirclemissedawedge(楔子).Thecirclewantedtobewhole,soitwentaroundlookingforitsmissingpiece.Butbecauseitwasincompleteandthereforecouldrollonlyveryslowly,itadmiredtheflowersalongtheway.Itchattedwithworms.Itenjoyedthesunshine.Finallyitfoundapiecethatfitperfectly.Itwassohappy.Nowthatitwasaperfectcircle,itcouldrollveryfast,toofasttonoticeflowersortalktotheworms.Whenitrealizedhowdifferenttheworldseemedwhenitrolledsoquickly,itstopped,leftitsfoundpiecebythesideoftheroadandrolledslowlyaway.Insomestrangesensewearemorewholewhenwearemissingsomething.Themanwhohaseverythingisinsomewaysapoorman.Hewillneverknowwhatitfeelsliketoyearn,tohope,tonourish(滋润)hissoulwiththedreamofsomethingbetter.Hewillneverknowtheexperienceofhavingsomeonewholoveshimgivehimsomething\nhehasalwayswantedorneverhad.Thereiswholenessaboutthepersonwhohascometotermswithhislimitations,whohasbeenbraveenoughtoletgoofhisunrealisticdreamsanddoesnotfeellikeafailurefordoingso.Thereiswholenessaboutthemanorwomanwhohaslearnedthatheorsheisstrongenoughtogothroughatragedy(悲剧)andsurvive—heorshecanlosesomeoneandstillfeellikeacompleteperson.Lifeismorelikeabaseballseason,wheneventhebestteamlosesonethirdofitsgamesandeventheworstteamhasitsdaysofbrilliance.Ourgoalistowinmoregamesthanwelose.Whenweacceptthatimperfectionispartofbeinghuman,andwhenwecancontinuerollingthroughlifeandappreciateit,wewillhaveachievedwholenessthatotherscanonlylongfor.1．Whichmaybeanexampleofbeingwhole?A．Apersonhaseverything.B．Apersonacceptshisorherlimitations.C．Apersonlovessomeoneandisloved.D．Apersonfeelsbluefordroppingunrealisticgoals.2．Howisabaseballseasonsimilartolife?A．Easycome,easygo.B．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C．Energyandpersistenceconquerallthings.D．Somebattlesyouwinandsomebattlesyoulose.3．Howdoestheauthorclarifyhisidea?A．Mainlybycomparing.B．Mainlybyreasoning.C．Mainlybyinforming.D．Mainlybyarguing.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PursueperfectioninlifeB．BewholeinlifeC．Lifewithoutmistakesiswhole\nD．Nopains,nogains答案及解析A【答案】BEDFA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明头脑风暴在学习中的重要作用，并就如何有效实施头脑风暴，提出几条建议。1．由第一段“头脑风暴真的可以在你的学习中发挥作用，可以帮助你开启想象力”，作者旨在开篇指出文章主题，介绍头脑风暴的作用，B选项“你能看到不同的解决方案”切题，选项中的“Youcan”与上一句“itcan”相呼应。故填B项。2．上一句提到“一旦你做了，就开始写”以及下文“当你花了至少10到15分钟的自由写作时间”可知，运用头脑风暴解决问题时，要思维要开阔，不受约束和局限，E项“不要批判，想到什么就写什么”切题，该选项中的“justwritewhatever”与下文中的“free-writing”相呼应。故填E项。3．后文“你可以在一个圈内的中心开始你的问题。在主旨大意处用一条线分叉到另一个观点...”可知，本段描述的是制作头脑风暴时，制作概念树的过程，D选项“另一种头脑风暴的方法是制作概念树”切题，选项中“makeaconcepttree”与下文中的“branchoffthemainideawithanotheridea”相呼应，故填D项。4．文中第一段提到“你可以单独或集体进行头脑风暴”，以及第四段第一句“当你需要解决一个简单的问题时，个人的头脑风暴是最有效的”，承接上文，后面该谈到的可能是集体头脑风暴，选项F“集体头脑风暴通常对解决复杂问题更有效”切题，该选项中的“Groupbrainstorming”与下一句的“Inagroup”也恰好相呼应，故填F项。5．由下一句“你的分析越深入，解决于你有利的问题的可能性就越高”可知，A选项“分析是一个重要的步骤”切题，该选项中的“Analyzing”与一句“analysis”呼应，说明分析是头脑风暴的一个重要步骤。故填A项。B【答案】BDAB【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章以一个小故事引出话题——人生不在于完美,而在于完整。1．细节理解题。根据第三段Thereiswholenessaboutthepersonwhohascometotermswithhislimitations,whohasbeenbraveenoughtoletgoofhisunrealisticdreams\nanddoesnotfeellikeafailurefordoingso.（人生的完整性在于一个人知道如何面对他的缺陷，如何勇敢地摒弃那些不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾）可知一个人接受他或她的缺陷，可能是“完整”的例子。故选B。2．推理判断题。根据最后一段Lifeismorelikeabaseballseason,wheneventhebestteamlosesonethirdofitsgamesandeventheworstteamhasitsdaysofbrilliance.Ourgoalistowinmoregamesthanwelose.（人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉三分之一的比赛，而最差的球队也有春风得意的时候。我们的目标是赢的比赛比输的多）可知棒球赛季和生活的相似之处在于你有输有赢。故选D。3．推理判断题。第二段内容(人生“完美”的人)和第三段内容(人生完整的人)作对比;最后一段又拿baseballseason和life作比较,因此作者主要是通过作对比和作比较的方法来澄清他的观点的。故选A。4．主旨大意题。本文作者通过圆和楔子的小故事感悟出这样的道理:从某种奇怪的意义上讲,当我们失去某些东西的时候,我们反而会更加完整,人生不在于完美而在于完整。因此不管是从故事内容还是从其诠释的人生哲理上，B项“完整的生命”作标题是最佳的。故选B。
