阶段评估检测(三)(必修3)(120分钟 150分)第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1W:IamgladthatitisrainingeventhoughIdonotlikerainyweather.①Wehavehadaverydryseasonsofarthisyear.M:Yes,Icanhardlyrememberwhenitrainedlasttime.1.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthepastseason?A.Itwasrainy. B.Itwasdry.C.Itwassunny.答案:BText2W:I’dliketohavetwoofthesepictures.WillIsaveanymoneyifIbuyapair?M:Yes.②Theyareusuallythreedollarseachpiece,butyoucanhavetwoofthemforfivedollars.2.Howmuchdoesonepictureusuallycost?A.$2. B.$3. C.$5.答案:BText3M:③Doyouknowwhenwearegoingtohaveourfinalexam?W:ItwillbeginonJanuary10th.M:Sowedon’thavemuchtimeonourhands.W:③Yes,weonlyhaveabouttwoweekstoreviewthelessons.3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Strangers.\nC.Classmates.答案:CText4M:④AreyougoingtodrivetotheBankofCommunications?It’sdifficulttoparkinthatstreet.W:④Iknow,soI’mgoingtowalkthereifyoucomewithme.M:OK,④I’llaccompanyyouafterIfilltheform.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthepark. B.Atbank.C.Intheoffice.答案:CText5W:EleganceHotel,isthereanythingIcandoforyou?M:⑤Hello,Iwouldliketomakeareservationforfournightsnextweek,fromTuesday.5.Whenwillthemanleavethehotel?A.OnSaturday. B.OnWednesday.C.OnTuesday.答案:A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6W:Whatshallwedothisweekend?HowaboutgoingtoScotland?M:Scotland?You’remad.Itmaybeasmallcountrybysomestandards,butwecan’tgoallthatwayjustforoneweekend.\nW:Oh,allright,itwasajoke.Butlet’sgetoutofLondon.Ineedsomefreshair.M:Iagree.⑥I’llhavetoshoponSaturdaymorning,butlet’snotwastetheafternoon.Wherecouldwego?W:WecouldgotoHampstead.M:Goodidea.Wecangobybus,can’twe?⑦Andtherearesomelovelyoldhousesandlittlestreetstolookat,and...6.Whenwillthespeakersstarttheirjourney?A.OnSaturdaymorning.B.OnSaturdayafternoon.C.OnSunday.答案:B7.Whatwillthespeakersdoattheweekend?A.Walkalongtheseaside.B.Enjoythesunset.C.Visitoldhousesandlittlestreets.答案:C听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7W:Whatareyoureading?M:⑧It’sabookwrittenbyaguywhowasbornwithoutarmsorlegs.W:What?So,howdoeshegetaround?M:Hecanactuallywalkprettywell,buthecan’tmovethatfast.Healsohasanassistantwhohelpshim.He’sactuallyquitesuccessful.W:Hemusthaveworkedprettyhard.M:Yeah.⑨Hetravelsaroundtheworldandgivesspeechestoyoungpeople.He’schangedmanypeople’slives.Evenwhennothingseemedpossible,hestayedpositiveandputinevenmoreeffort.\nW:That’ssuchanimportantlesson,especiallyforyoungpeople.WeshouldtakeJessetolistentohisspeech.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter?A.Heisstillachildnow.B.Hewasborndisabled.C.Hewasanassistantyearsago.答案:B9.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewriter’sspeeches?A.Discouraging. B.Serious.C.Inspiring.答案:C听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。Text8M:It’s6:00.Let’sgotogetsomethingtoeat.W:Alright.M:Youknow,IhavethreeChinesefriendsintown.Andtheyallcomplainaboutthefood.It’sreallystrange.⑩Andweevenhavea⑪Chineserestauranthere.W:⑩Thatisn’trealChinesefood.It’sAmericanfood.M:Well,whatabout⑪AmericanrestaurantsinChina?AretheyrealAmericanfood?W:Yes,theyare.Theyareexactlythesameastheyarehere.M:YouChinesearealwayscomplainingaboutfood.W:It’sbecausethefoodinChinaissogood.M:Hmm.Butinthistownwehaveallkindsofethnicrestaurants.Wehave⑪Greekrestaurants,Italianrestaurants,MexicanrestaurantsandJapaneserestaurants.Soyoushouldbeabletofindsomethingyoulike.W:No,it’simpossible.Butifyouwanttohavedinner,⑫whydon’twegototheJapaneserestaurant?Ifeellikesomegoodnoodlesoup.M:Alright,thatsoundsgoodtome.I’mflexible.10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.InChina.B.InAmerica.C.InJapan.\n答案:B11.Howmanykindsofrestaurantsarementioned?A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.答案:C12.Wheredoesthewomansuggestgoingfordinner?A.TotheChineserestaurant.B.TotheJapaneserestaurant.C.TotheItalianrestaurant.答案:B听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。Text9W:Excuseme.⑬We’redoingasurveyonthefreetimehabitsofBritishpeople.CanIaskyouafewquestions?M:Sure.W:Thanks.Right,firstquestion.Howoftendoyougotoabarorapub?M:Oh,notveryoften.Idon’tdrink,butIsometimesgowithfriends.W:OK.Doyoudoanysport?M:Yes.⑭Igoswimminginthelocalswimmingpoolthreetimesaweek.W:Andhowoftendoyougotothetheater?M:Hardlyever.Aboutonceayear,perhaps.⑮Igotothecinemaquitealot,butnotthetheater.W:OK.Anddoyoueverdoanygardening?M:No,Ihaven’tgotagarden—Iliveinaflat.W:Whataboutholidays?M:Inormallyhavetwoholidaysayear.OneinsummerandonearoundChristmas.⑯Iseldomstayathome.SometimesIvisitmyaunt.UsuallyIgosomewhereinAsia,likeThailand,India.W:OK,that’sall.Thanksalot.13.Wheredoesthemancomefrom?\nA.India.B.Thailand.C.Britain.答案:C14.Whatdoesthemanoftendo?A.Visitfriends. B.Goswimming.C.Dothegardening.答案:B15.Wheredoesthemanoftengo?A.Tothecinema. B.Tothetheater.C.Tothebar.答案:A16.Howdoesthemanusuallyspendhisholiday?A.Stayingathome. B.Visitingrelatives.C.Travelingaround.答案:C听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Text10W:Thankyouallforcomingtodaytohearaboutthenewrecyclingprogramoncampus.Rightnow,allrecyclingisvoluntary.Therecyclingwe’veplannedisreallyathree-partprogram.Sorting,collectinganddistributing.Thefirstpart,sorting,isthehardesttogetpeopletodo.⑱Mostpeopledon’tliketotaketimetoseparatetheirtrash.Andthisisusuallywhymostrecyclingprogramsfail.However,wearedeterminedtomakeourswork.Insteadofseeingtheusualbrowntrashcansalloverthecampus,fromnowonyou’llseetrashcansoffourdifferentcolors.⑲Pinkcansareforpaper,greencansareforglass,blueonesareformetalandwhite---waste.Afterthetrashissorted,itneedstobecollectedandtheprogramisstillavolunteerprogram,weareaskingstudentstogivealittleoftheirtimetotheproject,probablynomorethansixhoursperpersoneachweek.⑳\nAndagain,yourjobwouldbetocollectthesortedtrashandtakeittothedifferentcentersforeachtypeoftrash.⑰Ifyouarewillingtohelpuswithprogram,bygivingsixhoursaweek,pleasewriteyournameandphonenumberonthisnotepad.17.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Toexplainwhyrecyclingisimportant.B.Tocallattentiontotherecyclingprogram.C.Toencouragethelistenerstojointherecyclingprogram.答案:C18.Whydomostrecyclingprogramsfail?A.Mostpeopleareunwillingtosorttheirtrash.B.Allthetrashcansareofthesamecolor.C.Notenoughpeoplevolunteertocollecttrash.答案:A19.Whichcolortrashcanshouldpeopleputpaperinto?A.Pink.B.Green.C.White.答案:A20.Whatisthevolunteer’sjob?A.Topickupandsortthetrash.B.Topickupanddeliverthetrash.C.Toworkintherecyclingcenters.答案:B第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2021·武邑模拟) TheUnitedStateshasabout475,000schoolbuses—allpaintedyellow.Eachdaytheycarrymorethan25,000,000children,halfofallschoolchildreninthecountry.Butthesebuses,onaverage,usefourlitersofdiesel(柴油)fueltotravelless\nthansixteenkilometers.Whentheschoolyearbeganlastfall,dieselaveraged55centsaliternationally.Thepricenearlydoubled,toadollarand8cents,bytheendofschoolinJune. BobRileyspeaksfortheAmericanSchoolBusCouncil.Hesaysfuelpricesforschoolsarenotmuchlowerthanothershavetopay.Asaresult,schoolsarelookingforwaystoreducetransportationcosts.Busroutesarebeingredrawnor,insomecases,canceled.Someareasarebuyingbusesthatusenaturalgasorotheralternativefuels.Otherstepsincludefewerfieldtripsandlesstravelbysportsteams.Andsomeschooldistrictsmayendanybusservicenotrequiredbylaw. Studiesshowthatschoolbusesarethesafestformoftransportationtoandfromschool.TheAmericanSchoolBusCouncilsayscutsinbusservicearebadforchildrenandpossiblytheenvironment.Itsaysremovingbusesfromtheroadwillmeananincreaseinothervehiclestransportingstudents.SpokesmanBobRileysaysanotherconcernisthatreducingbusservicesmightreduceattendance. Butitcouldalsogetmorechildrentowalkorbicycletoschool.AndthatwouldsurelymakepeoplehappyattheNationalCenterforSafeRoutestoSchool.Morekidswalkingorbikingsafelytoschoolistheaimofathree-year-oldfederalprogram,partofaninternationalmovement.Thegoalistoincreasephysicalactivityandreduceairpollution.TheUnitedStateswillcelebrateWalktoSchoolDayonOctobereighththisyear.Butforsomestudents,highfuelpricescouldmakeeverydayawalk-to-schoolday.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了高油价对校车的影响。21.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?A.Highfuelprices’influencesonschoolbuses.B.Newmeasurestotransportschoolstudents.C.Thesafestformofstudenttransportation.D.TheoriginofWalktoSchoolDay.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。这类题目通常看首段和尾段的首尾句。由首段和尾段尾句Butforsomestudents,highfuelpricescouldmakeeverydayawalk-to-schoolday.可知选A。高燃油价格对校车的影响。\n22.Inordertocutdowntransportationcost,manyschoolstakethefollowingmeasuresEXCEPT______. A.changingsomebusroutesB.stoppingsomebusroutesC.askingparentstodrivechildrentoandfromschoolD.usingothertypesoffuels【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据关键词cutdowntransportationcost可以定位到文中句子Busroutesarebeingredrawnor,insomecases,canceled.Someareasarebuyingbusesthatusenaturalgasorotheralternativefuels.由此可知C选项未被提及,故选C。23.TheNationalCenterforSafeRoutestoSchoolencouragesmorechildrentowalkorbiketoschoolinorderto______. A.savemorefuelsanddieselforthecountryB.keepthechildrensafeontheirwaytoschoolC.makethechildrenliveasimplelifeD.keepthechildrenhealthyandtheenvironmentclean【解析】选D。细节理解题。由题目可以定位到最后一段Thegoalistoincreasephysicalactivityandreduceairpollution.目标是增加体育活动和减少空气污染。故选D。B Pinocchiomaybejustachildren’sfairytale,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedtheso-called“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowwhenwetellalie,butactuallyshrinkabit. Dr.EmilioGómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermographytotellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureofthetipsoftheirnosesdroppedupto1.2℃,whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Scientistsalsofoundthatdropintemperatureatnoselevelactuallycausedittoslightlyshrink,althoughthedifferenceisundetectedbythehumaneye.\n “Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichrisesthetemperatureoftheforehead,”Dr.GomezMilanexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.” Forthisstudy,researchersaskedanumberof60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhilebeingscannedbythermalimagingtechnology.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedcallinga3to4minutescalltotheirparents,partnerorafriendandtellingasignificantlie.Participantshadtodevisetheliebythemselvesduringthecall,andthethermalcameraspickedupthis“reversePinocchioeffect”causedbythefluctuation(起伏)intemperatureinthenoseandforehead. Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentoftestsubjects,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector. “Withthismethodwehaveachievedtoincreaseaccuracyandreducetheoccurrenceof‘falsepositives’,somethingthatisfrequentlywithothermethodssuchasthepolygraph(测谎仪),”saidDr.EmilioGómezMilán,whoaddedthatlawenforcementinterviewerscouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults. Thethermalliedetectorhasbeenthemostreliableintheworld,10%morethanthepopularpolygraph.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项新研究发现撒谎虽然不会像匹诺曹故事中那样让鼻子变长,但是会出现一些细微的面部表情变化,而这项发现可以应用到司法执法的过程中。24.Whydoestheauthormention“Pinocchio”atthebeginning?A.Totellafairystory.B.Towarnusnottolie.C.Tointroducearesearch.D.Toinspireustodoubtoldbeliefs.【解析】选C。推理判断题。匹诺曹故事的作用,而非故事寓意,故从结构作用上分析可知用匹诺曹是为了引出主题研究。故选C。25.Accordingtotheresearch,whatmighthappenifyoutellalie?\nA.Yournosegetslonger.B.Yournosebecomessmaller.C.Yourtemperaturegetshigher.D.Yourtemperatureremainsstable.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,人撒谎过后鼻尖降温、额头升温,而这种温度的变化会导致皱鼻子(slightlyshrink)的动作,也就是鼻子会稍微缩小,故选B。26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A.Researchersconductthestudybyinterviewing.B.Researchersdesigndifferenceliesforparticipants.C.Thethermalliedetectorwillproveapopularone.D.Thethermalliedetectormayassistlawenforcement.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,这项技术有望投入到司法执法过程中,综合全文内容,可知这项研究中的最大成果是测谎仪的应用。C Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.Thefatmansatontheterrace(平台),sippinglemonadeandpretendingtolookatatourismbrochure.Hissunglassesmaskedhiseyes,butIknewhewasn’tlookingatthebrochure:hehadn’tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.AsIbroughthimhisdishes,hecoughedupa“thankyou”andlookedatmebriefly.Itriednottostareatthetinyscaracrosshislefteyebrow. Iwalkedbackinsidewithmyemptytray,shakingmyhead.Helookedfamiliar,butIcouldn’tquiteplacehim.Thenithitme.Thecaraccident.Themysteriousstrangerwhohelpedmeoutofmycrashedcar,justbeforeitexploded.Irushedbacktohistable.Hewasgone. Imovedhissaucerandfoundhistip,alongwithacard:Iamdeeplygratefultoyou.Thenightofyourcaraccident,Iwasonmywaytorobajewelrystore.Savingyourlifebroughtthingsbackinarightway.Inowliveanhonestlife,thankstoyou.Godblessyou!Mr.D. Ishivered(震颤).Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforaninterviewinanillegaldanceclub.Seeinghumankindnessthroughhisheroicgestureturned\nmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.Iunfoldedthetipheleft.Amongthesingleswasagrand(一千美元)withapenmarkunderlining“InGodWeTrust.”Isaidasilentprayerforhimandgotbacktowork,smiling.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一个要去抢劫的陌生人在车祸中救了作者的命,从此改变了双方的生活。这个要抢劫的人恢复正常的生活,让作者看到了人性的善良,重拾生活的信心。后来两人在作者工作的地方重遇,他给作者留下小费和卡片以感谢作者,作者也为他祈祷。28.Whydidthefatmanlooklikeatourist?A.Becauseheusedmoneynotthesameasthelocals.B.Becausehecarriedwhattouristsusuallyhaveon.C.Becausehedoesn’tlooklikeanativecitizen.D.Becauseheorderedstrangefoodanddrinks.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段“Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.”可知,胖子带着旅客常带的东西,故选B。【知识拓展】细节理解题的正确选项的特点(1)一般可以在文章中找到直接或间接的答案,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样,而是用不同的词语或句型去表达相同的意思。例如,原文用双重否定,选项用肯定句式;进行同义词替换或句子结构的替换或句子结构变换;原文与选项互换反义词等。当然这只是形式上的变换,意思还是一致。(2)在因果关系上常常命题,正确项多为产生原因或是主要原因,也有少量考结果的。Hereallydidlooklikeatourist,withacameraaroundhisneckandabottleofsunscreencreamstickingoutofhisbag.句子中前为果后为因。故可知答案。29.Howdidthewriterknowthemandidn’treadthebrochure?A.Hewasdrinkingallthetime.B.Hesatstillwithhissunglasses.C.Thepageremainedunturned.D.Hewasstaringatthewriter.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“hehadn’tturnedapageforthelasttenminutes.他已经十分钟没有翻页了。”可知他是假装在看宣传册。故选C。30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?\nA.Theykeptintouchwitheachothersincethen.B.Thewriterhadbeensearchingfortheman.C.Themanbecamearichmanyearslater.D.Thewriterdidn’tgotothatinterview.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thenightofmycaraccident,Iwasheadingforaninterviewinanillegaldanceclub...”可推断出作者去面试前发生车祸而没有去面试。故选D。31.Whatistheirattitudetowardseachother?A.Sympathetic.B.Grateful.C.Worried.D.Trusty.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段“Iamdeeply...thankstoyou.Godblessyou!Mr.D.”可知,他感激我。根据第四段“Seeinghumankindnessthroughhisheroicgestureturnedmylifearoundandbroughtfaithbackintomylife.和Isaidasilentprayerforhimandgotbacktowork,smiling.”可知,他的英雄行为让我看到了人性的善良,使我的生活发生了变化,并使我对生活重拾信心。我默默地为他祈祷。由此可推断出他们相互感激。故选B。D ThefamousSpanishpainterPabloPicassooncesaid,“Everychildisanartist.Theproblemhehasishowtoremainanartistoncehegrowsup.” Thisisbothencouraginganddiscouraging.Thefactthatwewereallborntobeartistsiscertainlyexciting,andyettherealityhasproventhatremainingoneisataskthatmanyofushavefailed. Fortunately,somepeoplehaveseentheproblemandwanttosolveit. Westerneducatorshavesuggestedthatweintroducetheconceptof“STEAM”insteadof“STEM”—traditional“coremajors”includingscience,technology,engineering,andmath—sincethe“A”,whichstandsfor“arts”,isjustasimportant.\n AndonApril11,China’sMinistryofEducationissuedaguideline.Collegesanduniversitiesarerequiredtoprovidemoreart-relatedcoursesandstudentsneedtoearnacertainnumberofartcreditsinordertograduate. Theseeffortswhichcameaftermanyscientificstudieshadfoundthatarteducationhelpsstudentsdevelopself-confidenceandteamworkskills,aswellashabitsofmindsuchasproblemsolvingandcriticalthinking,accordingtoTheWashingtonPost. It’struethatnoneoftheseskillstargetspecificjobs.ButasformerUSballetdancerDamianWoetzeltoldTheAtlantic,thepurposeofartis“togivekidsthetoolstobecomeadultswhoarecreative,adaptable,andexpressive-capableofhavingtheireyesandearsandsensesalive”.Andwecannowseehowwelosttrackofourborn“artistself”onourwaytogrowingup:Wefailedtokeepourcapabilitiestosee,hearandfeel,andbecameblind,deafandinsensitiveadults. Hopefully,arteducationcanhelpturnthingsaround.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。西方教育工作者提出“STEAM”的概念,说明“艺术”和其他的核心专业同样重要。中国教育部也发布了准则,要求高校提供更多与艺术相关的课程,学生需要获得一定数量的艺术学分才能毕业。艺术教育可以培养他们的自信、团队合作精神及思维习惯等。32.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceafamousartist.B.Tosummarizethewholepassage.C.Toleadinthetopic.D.Toencourageustobeartists.【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章第一段借用西班牙著名画家PabloPicasso说过的话Everychildisanartist.Theproblemhehasishowtoremainanartistoncehegrowsup.”是为了引出下文的关于孩子应该接受艺术教育的话题。故选C项。33.Whyshouldtheconceptof“STEAM”beintroducedaccordingtowesterneducators?A.Artisasimportantastraditional“coremajors”.B.Allofusshouldlearnartincollege.C.Traditional“coremajors”areoutofdate.\nD.Westerneducationismorehelpful.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段...weintroducetheconceptof“STEAM”insteadof“STEM”...sincethe“A”,whichstandsfor“arts”,isjustasimportant.可知,引入“STEAM”的概念是表示“艺术”和其他的核心专业同样重要。故选A项。34.WhatcanwepredictfromtheguidelineissuedbyChina’sMinistryofeducation?A.Moreart-relatedcourseswillappearinallschools.B.Collegestudentswillhavetogainenoughartcreditstograduate.C.Morestudentswillmajorinartatcollegesanduniversities.D.Artwillbecomemuchmoreimportantthanscience.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段中“Collegesanduniversitiesarerequiredtoprovidemoreart-relatedcoursesandstudentsneedtoearnacertainnumberofartcreditsinordertograduate.”可知,根据中国教育部发布的准则,高校学生需要获得一定量的艺术学分才能毕业。故选B项。35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.EverychildisanartistB.BringingarttolifeC.LearningfromtheartistsD.Lifeisart【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章主题是应该发展艺术教育,让艺术重回我们的生活。所以短文的最佳标题是“让艺术重回我们的生活”。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·西安模拟)BuildingaLastingSocialRelationship Weallknowthatfriendsarespecialpeoplewhoweshareourliveswith,andwhosharetheirliveswithusinreturn. 36 . AccordingtoresearchrecentlypublishedintheJournalofSocialandPersonalRelationships,thekeyistouse“we-talk”.\n LedbyUniversityofCaliforniapsychologistMeganRobinsandhercolleagues,theresearchersreviewedandanalyzed30differentstudiesinvolvingover5,000participants. 37 . Theword“we”movespeoplefromanindividualpositionintoapartnership,whichmakesusmoreinterdependent.“ 38 .Worduseisawindowintowhatpeoplearethinkingandfeelingwithoutaskingthem,”RobbinstoldScienceDaily. 39 .Theprimarypointisthatinterdependencemaybringaboutsupportiveandrelationship-centeredbehaviorsandpositiveperceptionsofthepartner—especiallyimportantintimesofstressanddisagreement. Contraryto“we-talk”,thereis“I-talk”,whichreferstothefrequentuseofthefirst-personsingularpronouns,suchas“I”,“me”and“mine”,whenwritingorspeaking.Earlierthisyear,researcheranalyzedasetofdatathatcamefrom47,000peopleinGermanyandtheUS. 40 .Asyoucanseefromthetwostudies,toomuch“I-talk”canmakeyoufeeldepressed.But“we-talk”canencourageyoutobecomemorepositiveandcreateachaineffectofhealthyinterdependencewithothers. Sonexttimeyouaretalkingtoafriend,tryusingmore“we-talk”.Youmayfindyourselffeelingmorepositive—andtheeffectitwillhaveonyourfriendwillbepositiveaswell.A.Butseekingfriendsandkeepingthefriendshipgoingarenevereasy.B.Theirresearchalsofoundthat“we-talk”ishelpfulforresolvingconflicts.C.Ifyouarespeakinginapersoncontext,you’respeakingaboutsomethingthat’sofrelevancetoyou.D.Pronounsofferaninsightintowhetherpeopleseethemselvesasindividualsoraspartofawhole.E.Thisanalysisof“we-talk”suggestedthatthefrequentuseof“we”and“us”islinkedtohappierandhealthierrelationships.F.Theyfoundthattoomuch“I-talk”wasanaccuratelinguisticmarkerforthelikelihoodthatsomeoneisfeelingstressedorexperiencingnegativeemotions.\nG.Self-centeredpeoplearefoundtobeindifferenttomanythingsinsocietyandotherpeoplebecausealltheirconcentrationisonlyonthemselvesandtheirneeds.【文章大意】本文是说明文。我们都认为,朋友是彼此之间分享生活的特别之人。但交朋友并维持友谊从来都不是易事。研究表明,维系友谊的关键在于在交流中使用“我们”一词。36.【解析】选A。根据空前Weallknowthatfriendsarespecialpeoplewhoweshareourliveswith,andwhosharetheirliveswithusinreturn.(我们都知道,朋友是彼此之间分享生活的特别之人)可知下面表示转折。A项(但交朋友并维持友谊从来都不是易事)符合语境。37.【解析】选E。根据空前句theresearchersreviewedandanalyzed30differentstudiesinvolvingover5,000participants.(研究人员评估并分析了由5000多人参与的30项不同的研究。)可知下面要说研究的结果。E项(研究表明,频繁使用“we”或者“us”等词与更开心、更健康的人际关系密切相关)符合语境。38.【解析】选D。根据Theword“we”movespeoplefromanindividualpositionintoapartnership,whichmakesusmoreinterdependent.(“我们”一词让人们从独立个体的处境进入伙伴关系之中,变得更加依赖彼此。)可知D项(代词能够体现出人们将自己视为独立个体,还是团体的一分子。)符合语境。39.【解析】选B。根据空后Theprimarypointisthatinterdependencemaybringaboutsupportiveandrelationship-centeredbehaviorsandpositiveperceptionsofthepartner(其根本在于,相互依赖或许能带来以人际关系为中心的支持行为以及对同伴的正面认知——在面对压力和冲突的情况下,这些尤为重要),可知这是在解释“我们”有助于冲突的解决。B项(他们的研究还发现,“we-talk”有助于解决冲突)符合语境。40.【解析】选F。空后Asyoucanseefromthetwostudies,toomuch“I-talk”canmakeyoufeeldepressed.(正如你从这两项研究中所见,过多的“I-talk”会让你感到沮丧。)“I-talk”是关键词。可以推断F项“他们发现,过度的‘I-talk’是一个准确的语言标记,能体现出人们感到压力或正在经历负面情绪的可能性。”切题。故选F。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。\n KevinDurantisoneofthebestplayersthathavewonchampionshipsintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA).HehasalsowontheNBA’sMostValuablePlayer 41 .Butitisnotjusthis 42 onthecourtthatmakehim 43 .Itiswherehecamefromandwhathehadto 44 thatmakehimso. DurantgrewupinWashington,D.C.Hisfatherleftthefamilywhenhewasveryyoungsohismom 45 himasasingleparent.Timeswere 46 andtheyhadtomovefromapartmenttoapartment.BecauseKevinwasverytall,hewas 47 fromeveryoneelseofhisage.Sometimes,hewasbulliedbyhisclassmates. Despitethe 48 ,therewasalwaysalotofloveand 49 inhisfamily.Hismomwrotea(n) 50 thathungoverKevin’sbed:“Alwaysbelievethatanythingis 51 .”Kevinwasverytallatanearlyageandhelikedbasketballverymuch.Sowhenhewasabout10yearsold,hetoldhismomthathe 52 becominganNBAplayerandshedideverythingshecouldtohelphim. Heworkedveryhardat 53 himself.Hefailedmanytimesbutkept 54 .“Hepracticedbasketball8hoursadayfor6years 55 !Thiswasontopofhishomeworkandplayingforhisschoolteams!”saidhiscoach. Fromhismomandfamily,helearnedalwaystobe 56 andhumble(谦逊的).NowthatKevinhasachievedsomuch 57 onthecourt,hehasfocusedalotofhistimeon 58 .Hisfoundationhelpsto 59 homelessness,buildbasketballcourtsinlow-incomeareasandhelp 60 childrengotocollege. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了凯文•杜兰特不仅在篮球场上成绩优异,他的出身和经历更让他不寻常。41.A.reward B.prizeC.awardD.victory【解析】选C。reward奖励,回报;prize奖励,奖品,奖金;award指正式地或官方地颁发,授予,给予;victory胜利。根据常识,我们可知,theNBA’sMostValuablePlayer是正式颁发的,故选C。42.A.suggestionsB.factsC.plansD.comments\n【解析】选B。根据下文可知,让他不同寻常的不仅仅是他在球场上的“实际表现(fact)”。故选B。43.A.attractiveB.availableC.practicalD.special【解析】选D。本文是想写凯文·杜兰特的与众不同之处。故此处表示让他“不同寻常(special)的”不仅仅是他在球场上的实际表现。故选D。44.A.overcomeB.overlookC.involveD.confirm【解析】选A。由下段中的Sometimes,hewasbulliedbyhisclassmates(有时,他被同学欺凌)可知,他小时候有很多困境需要“克服(overcome)”。故选A。45.A.taughtB.coachedC.raisedD.guided【解析】选C。当他还很小的时候他的父亲离开了家,因此他的妈妈作为单亲妈妈将他养(raise)大。故选C。46.A.limitedB.criticalC.convenientD.tough【解析】选D。日子过得很“艰难(tough)”,他们不得不一次又一次搬家。故选D。47.A.freeB.differentC.farD.safe【解析】选B。因为凯文非常高,所以他与其他同龄人“不同(different)”。有时,他被同学欺凌。故选B。48.A.memoriesB.feelingsC.challengesD.envies【解析】选C。由上段中的他们不得不一次又一次搬家以及他被同学欺凌可知,他小时候的生活充满“挑战(challenge)”。故选C。49.A.supportB.appreciationC.praiseD.admiration【解析】选A。由这一段最后一句...shedideverythingshecouldtohelphim.(她做她能做的一切事情去帮助他)可知,他的家里充满了“支持(support)”。故选A。50.A.signB.note\nC.announcementD.letter【解析】选B。句意:他的妈妈写了一张“便条(note)”挂在凯文的床头,上边写着“相信什么事情都是可能的”。故选B。51.A.disappointingB.boringC.difficultD.possible【解析】选D。根据句意,他的妈妈写便条鼓励他,所以应该写的是:相信什么事情都是“可能的(possible)”,故选D。52.A.learnedofB.thoughtaboutC.dreamedofD.setabout【解析】选C。因此当他大约十岁的时候,他告诉他的妈妈他“梦想成为(dreamof)”一名NBA的运动员,他的妈妈尽可能做一切事情去帮助他。故选C。53.A.believingB.improvingC.adjustingD.satisfying【解析】选B。由下句Hefailedmanytimesbutkept______.(他失败了很多次但是还继续……)可知,他努力练习“提高(improve)”自己。故选B。 54.A.gettingupB.sittingupC.comingupD.lookingup【解析】选A。练习篮球时,他一次次失败但还是一次次又“站起来(getup)”。故选A。55.A.perfectlyB.particularlyC.furtherD.straight【解析】选D。A.perfectly完全地,非常;B.particularly特别,尤其;C.further(过去或未来)较远地;D.straight笔直地,不断地,径直。他每天练习篮球8小时,“一直(straight)”练习了6年。故选D。56.A.proudB.carefulC.kindD.cheerful【解析】选C。与下文中buildbasketballcourtsinlow-incomeareas“在低收入地区建篮球场”呼应,由此可知他很善良、友好。从他的妈妈身上和家庭中,他学会了要一直“友善(kind)”和谦逊。故选C。57.A.desireB.successC.affectionD.duty\n【解析】选B。凯文在篮球场上取得了如此多的“成就(success)”。故选B。58.A.givingbackB.settlingdownC.takingoverD.showingoff【解析】选A。根据下文中的helpsto______homelessness,buildbasketballcourtsinlow-incomeareasandhelp______childrengotocollege.(帮助无家可归的人、帮助在低收入地区建球场、帮助贫穷的学生上大学)可知,他在做很多事情“回报(giveback)”社会。故选A。 59.A.fightB.banC.ignoreD.check【解析】选A。他的基金帮助“对抗(fight)”无家可归(的人)……故选A。60.A.ordinaryB.popularC.ambitiousD.poor【解析】选D。他帮助在低收入地区建球场以及帮助“贫穷的(poor)”学生上大学。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I’venoticedmanypeoplehavingacold,andit’snotevenofficiallyfallyet.Whydoesthecoldoccurmorefrequentlyduringthefallandwinter61.__________(month)?It’sactuallynotthecoldweather62.__________(it)thatcausesthecold.Butrather,itismostlikelytobecausedbypeoplespending63.__________(much)timeindoorsclosetoeachother,makingthespreadofgerms(微生物)morereadily.Thisisanotherreason64.__________childrenindaycareorschoolaremorelikelytopickupthecold. WhenIworkedinadoctor’sclinicafewyearsback,itwasoneofthe65.__________(lead)reasonstovisitthedoctorinfallandwinter.1billionpeoplesufferfromthecoldeachyear.Asaresult,school66.__________(absent)isfrequentlyreported,witharound22milliondaysannually. Howcanyouavoidgettingacold?Amongthecommonly67.__________(recognize)tips,washingyourhandsis68.__________mostimportantone.Thecoldisspreadeitherbydirectlytouchinginfected(受感染的)secretions(分泌物),orbytaking69.__________theairborneparticles(悬浮粒子).Also,coldandfluvirusesget\nintothebodyviatheeyes,noses,ormouth.So,70.__________(try)toavoidtouchingyourface,especiallywithoutfirstwashingyourhands. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了很多人还没到秋季就感冒的原因,也提出了一些建议来避免感冒。61.【解析】months。考查名词的复数形式。根据fallandwinter可知,应用month的复数形式。62.【解析】itself。考查代词。句意:事实上并不是寒冷的天气本身造成了感冒。根据句意可知,此处应用反身代词作weather的同位语。63.【解析】more。考查比较级。根据下文的morereadily判断,此处意为“花更多时间待在室内”,应用比较级,故填more。64.【解析】why。考查定语从句。此处考查定语从句关系词,先行词reason在从句中充当原因状语,应用关系副词why。65.【解析】leading。考查形容词。形容词leading“主要的”作定语修饰名词reasons。66.【解析】absence。考查名词。用名词作句子的主语,故填absence。67.【解析】recognized。考查形容词。用形容词recognized“公认的,经过验证的”修饰名词tips。68.【解析】the。考查冠词。此处应填定冠词,和most构成最高级。69.【解析】in。考查固定搭配。固定短语takein“吸收”。70.【解析】try。考查谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处是祈使句,应用动词原形。第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)(2021·成都模拟) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。\n Yearsago,allmyparentswereinvolvedinaseriouscaraccidents.UncleBobtookontheroleasafathertohim.Ilivedwithhimduringthatperiod.Heallowedmestaywithhimthoughhishomewasnotreallybigger.Heshowedhiscareandloveformebypayattentiontomyhealth,educationandwhatIneededatthattime.Ireallyappreciatedthetimehespentwithme.Weusedtogoonthetripstogether.Wewouldjustspenddayseitherplayingourguitarsandreadingourfavoritecarmagazines.Ialwaysfeltgratefullytowardshim.Hewaslikeafatherfigurewhowillalwaysgivemeencouragement.\n1.【解析】第一句all→both。“我的父母亲”是两个人,所以用both,all表示“三者或三者以上”。2.【解析】第一句accidents→accident。“一场严重的车祸”用单数。3.【解析】第二句him→me。文中表示“对于我”,所以him改成me。4.【解析】第四句stay之前加to。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事,stay之前加to。5.【解析】第四句bigger→big。这里没有进行比较,故用形容词原级。\n6.【解析】第五句pay→paying。介词by之后,用v.-ing形式,所以pay改成paying。7.【解析】第七句去掉the。goontrips去旅行,是固定短语,所以去掉the。8.【解析】第八句and→or。文中表示选择关系,所以and改成or。9.【解析】第九句gratefully→grateful。感官动词之后用形容词作表语。10.【解析】第十句will→would。这里含有一个定语从句。表示从过去的某一时间来看,将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态,用过去将来时。第二节 书面表达(满分25分)(2021·合肥模拟) 假定你是李华,你的加拿大朋友Allen来信询问你校学生参与劳动实践活动的情况。请给他回信,内容包括:1.劳动实践内容(如家务劳动、校园劳动、校外劳动等)及其意义;2.你最常参与的劳动实践活动,并谈谈感受。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearAllen, Throughthecommunityvolunteerserviceasagroup,weareinspiredtofindabrightspotinthevoluntarylaborthatcanmakeusreceiveeducationandfeelsomething,andguideustounderstandthesocietyandfeelthesociety.Inthenursinghome,wetalkedwiththeoldmanasmuchaswecouldandtriedourbesttomakethemfeelwarm.Wealsohelpthestafftocleanthenursinghometogether.Andthatkindofprideisnotsomethingyoucanfeelinschool.Ourschoolregardsthesocietyasaplaceofpractice,andletsusparticipateinthesociety,whichhassomeenlightenmentfromthepracticeofvoluntarylabor. Publicwelfarelaborisnotonlyselflesslabor,butalsocultivatesourenthusiasmaboutpublicwork.Yours,\nLiHua
