阶段评估检测(六)(选修6)(120分钟 150分)第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1W:①Thiscoatquitefitsyou.Don’tyouthinkso?M:Yes,butthecolourisabitbright.Wouldyoupleaseshowmetheblackone?W:OK.1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Atschool.C.Inaclothingshop.答案:CText2M:Hello,Mary,canyouhavedinnerwithme?W:Iamsorry.②Ihaveaveryimportantexamtopreparefor.2.WhatdoesMarydo?A.Shestudiesforatest.B.Shehasdinner.C.Sheseesamovie.答案:AText3W:AreyoufreeonJulythe4th?M:Mm,notreally.Infact③I’llbefreeintwodays.3.Whenwillthemanbefree?A.OnJuly4. B.OnJuly6. C.OnJuly2.\n答案:BText4M:Howterribletheweatheris!④Idon’tlikerainydays.W:Yes.It’sterriblenow,butIthinkitwillgetbettersoon.Theradiosaystomorrowwillbesunny.4.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.It’swindy. B.It’ssunny. C.It’srainy.答案:CText5M:Thisonlineshoppingisfullofadvertising.Idon’tthinktheitemstheysellarehalfasgood.W:Comeon,Mike.Whysonegative?Wearethinkingofbuyingsomething,aren’twe?⑤Justhavingalookwon’tcostusmuch.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?A.Themanisunwillingtohavealook.B.Theitemsforsaleareofpoorquality.C.Theitemsaretooexpensiveforthemtobuy.答案:A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6M:Hello,Susan.Whereareyougoing?W:⑥Tothebasketballcourt.Asyouknow,we’llhaveagameagainstLincolnHighSchoolonFriday.Wemustspendmoretimepracticing.Whataboutyou?M:I’mgoingtothelibrary.W:⑦What’reyougoingtodothereonSunday?\nM:ReviewwhatIhavelearntbecausethemid-termtestisjustaroundthecorner.Haveagoodday!W:Goodbye.6.WhatisSusangoingtodo?A.Reviewherlessons.B.Takethemid-termtest.C.Playbasketball.答案:C7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Sunday.C.Wednesday.答案:B听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。Text7W:⑩Henry,haveyoufinishedyourannualworkreportonlow-carbonlifestyle?M:Notyet.AndIdon’tthinkIcanfinishittoday.W:⑩Why?Youcanworkonitthisafternoon.M:⑧Imustgotomeetmyfirstcustomerthisafternoon.I’mverynervous.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Couldyougivemesometips?W:Sure.Thefirstthingistotrytomakeagoodimpression.M:HowdoIdothat?W:⑨Firmlyshakeyourcustomer’shandwhilegreetinghimwithasmile.Besuretokeepeyecontact.M:AndwhatelseshouldIdo?W:Preparewell.Geteverythingthatyouneedready.Andlastly,tellyourselfthateverythingwillgowell.M:OK,I’lldothat.Thankyou,Sara.You’vereallyhelped.8.Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Gotoaninterview. B.Workonareport.\nC.Meetacustomer.答案:C9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Wearabigsmile. B.Shakehandsfirmly.C.Avoidlongeyecontact.答案:B10.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Bossandsecretary.C.Husbandandwife.答案:A听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。Text8W:Goodmorning,sir.⑪Ilearntfromafriendthatyouhaveanapartmentforrent.CanIseeitnow?M:Certainly.Pleasefollowme.W:OK.⑫Sohowmanybedroomsdoestheapartmenthave?M:⑫Two.It’snotaverybigapartment.Sothesittingroomissmall.W:That’sfinewithme.Idon’tneedaverybigapartment.M:Good.Sodoyoupreferlivingaloneorwithsomeone?W:⑬IfIrentit,I’llshareitwitharoommateequallyandwe’llgohalvesontherent.Ican’taffordtherentalone.M:OK.Hereweare.Pleasetakeyourtimeandlookaround.W:Wow,itlooksnice.Howmuchistherent?M:⑬800dollarsamonth.W:OK.I’llrentit.11.Howdidthewomanknowabouttheinformationabouttheapartmentforrent?A.OntheInternet. \nB.Fromafriend.C.Inthenewspaper.答案:B12.What’sintheapartment?A.Twobedrooms. B.Twobathrooms.C.Alargesittingroom.答案:A13.Howmuchshouldthewomanpayfortheapartmenttobesharedwitharoommate?A.$1600permonth. B.$800permonth.C.$400permonth.答案:C听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。Text9M:Linda,nextweekisyourMom’sfortiethbirthday.Doyouknow?W:OfcourseIdo.Howshallwecelebrateit?M:Firstofallabirthdaypresent.Whataboutbuyingher⑮abeautifuldress?W:That’sagoodidea.Itwouldmakeherlookyounger.Andabigbirthdaycaketoo,withfortycandles.M:That’sright.Shallwehaveaspecialdinner?W:HowaboutaChinesedinner?M:Fine.Whereshouldwehaveit?W:⑭Wecanhaveitathome.I’velearnedtocookafewdishesfromaChinesefriend.I’msureMomwouldlikethem.M:Allright.Areyou⑯goingtodotheshoppingaswell?W:Whydon’twe⑯gotogether,Dad?M:OK.When?W:Howaboutthisafternoon?\n14.Whereshouldtheyhavebirthdaydinner?A.Inahotel.B.Athome.C.Outside.答案:B15.WhatwillLinda’smotherreceiveforherbirthday?A.Adress.B.Ascarf.C.Flowers.答案:A16.Whatwilltheydothisafternoon?A.Cookaspecialdinner.B.Holdabirthdayparty.C.Goshoppingtogether.答案:C听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Text10 DoyoudrinkCoca-Cola?Theanswermustbe“yes”.Butdoyouknowthat⑰Colastartedoutnotasasoftdrink,butasadrugforheadachebackinthelateeighteenhundreds? JohnS.Pamberton,adoctorfromAtlanta,hadexperimentedformanymonthstofind⑱acureforthecommonheadache.Heworkedathishomemixingandheatingoilswithothermaterialsuntilhefoundonemixturethatseemedtohavegoodeffectsonheadache. Hebeganto⑲sellthemixtureindrugstores.Thecustomershadtomixitwithwaterbeforedrinking. Then,howdidColachangefromadrugtoasoftdrink?Thatcameaboutquitebyaccident.Onedayapatientwhowassufferingfromheadachecameintoadrugstore.HeaskedforabottleofCola.Hewantedtotakeitrightaway,soheaskedtheclerktomixthemedicinewhilehewaited.Itsohappenedtherewasnoboiledwateratthestore.Theclerksuggested⑳mixingthedrugwithsodawater.Thecustomeragreed.Afterdrinkingit,thecustomersaidittastedwonderful.Theclerkcontinuedofferingthemixture,andColagraduallybecamepopular.\n17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlydiscuss?A.ThehistoryofCola. B.Softdrinkproduction.C.Arecipeforasoftdrink.答案:A18.HowwasColaoriginallysold?A.Asasoftdrink. B.Asamedicine.C.Asacookingoil.答案:B19.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJohnS.Pamberton?A.Hesufferedacommonheadache.B.Hewasadrugstoreclerk.C.HedevelopedColaasadrug.答案:B20.Howwasthedrugmadeintoasoftdrink?A.Bymixingitwithspecialoils.B.Byheatingit.C.Byaddingsodawater.答案:C第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2021·武汉模拟)TheHarvardPre-CollegeProgramisaniceexperienceforhighschoolstudents.Alongsidepeers(同龄人)fromaroundtheworld,you’llbeintroducedtocollegelifeasyouattendclasses,liveoncampus,andenjoyfunoutingsandactivities.◆LearningwithoutlimitsBiology,physics,law,writingandphilosophy—thesearejustafewofthe\n30-pluscoursesyoucanchoosefromineachsession.Inournoncreditclasses,wesetasidegradessothatyoucanfullycommittoyourgrowthasawell-roundedstudent.Classsizestypicallyrangefrom14to18studentstoencourageinteractivelearning.◆LivingatHarvardWhenyouattendthePre-CollegeProgram,you’llliveinahistoricundergraduatehouse,nearHarvardSquare.YouwillbewithyourfellowPre-Collegestudents,residentdirectors,andproctors(监考人)whoprovidesupport.You’llalsoenjoymealsinoneofHarvard’sdininghalls,whichareashortwalkfromHarvardYardandprovidemanyoptionsforavarietyofdietaryneeds.◆ThrivingoutsidetheclassroomThesummerPre-CollegeProgramoffersmanymentallychallengingco-curricularactivitiesbeyondtheclassroom.WithfacultyandHarvard-affiliatedexperts,youwillhavetheopportunitytoparticipateinworkshopsontopicslikethepsychologyofcolor-blindness,classicliteraturefromaroundtheworldandscienceofhappiness.FromourCambridgescavengerhunttoatriptotheSandSculptingFestivalatAmerica’sfirstpublicbeach,there’snoshortageoffunactivitiesinthePre-CollegeProgram.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。哈佛大学的预科课程对高中生来说是个不错的体验。与来自全世界的学生一起,你将在这里快乐地学习、成长。21.Whatdoweknowaboutthe30-pluscourses?A.Youcanonlychoosefiveofthem.B.Theyprovidecreditsforstudents.C.Youshouldsetasideothersubjects.D.Theyassistyourfulldevelopment.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Learningwithoutlimits部分中的“...wesetasidegradessothatyoucanfullycommittoyourgrowthasawell-roundedstudent”可知,哈佛的预科课程会帮助高中生全面发展。22.Wherecanyouenjoymealsduringtheprogram?A.NearHarvardSquare.B.ClosetoHarvardYard.\nC.Inoneoftheworkshops.D.Inanundergraduatehouse.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据LivingatHarvard部分中的“You’llalsoenjoymealsinoneofHarvard’sdininghalls,whichareashortwalkfromHarvardYard...”可知,吃饭的地方离哈佛园很近。23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toadvertisemeals.B.Tocommentonanactivity.C.Tointroduceaprogram.D.Torecommendcourses.【解析】选C。写作意图题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了哈佛大学的预科课程。B Morethan￡5,500hasbeenraisedafteraplea(请愿)lastMondaybyavetDr.ScottMiller.Scottsaid:“Iwouldliketosayamassivethank-youtoexpressreadersfrommyself,fromAustraliaandfromthekoalas.It’samazingthatpeoplefromacrosstheworldcanseehowsignificantthecatastrophehasbeen.Idoappreciatethatpeoplearebeingverysupportiveandreachingintotheirpockets.”Anarea,athirdofthesizeofBritainisestimatedtohavebeenravaged(毁坏)sincetheblazes(火灾)beganinSeptember.OnFridayastateofemergencywasdeclaredinthecapitalCanberra,withresidentstoldtopreparetoevacuateasfiresontheoutskirts(市郊)threatenedtospread.Abillionanimalsarefearedtohavedied,including25,000koalas.LastweekScotttoldhowhehadvisitedhishomeland,helpingtosavewildlifeonKangarooIslandoffthecoastofAdelaide.Whilethereherescuedamotherandababykoalawhowerestuckinatree.Thepairwererushedtoafieldhospitalontheislandtobetreated.Themumhadsevereburnstoherpawsandwasbadlydehydrated(脱水的),whileherbabysonhadaneyeinjuryandwasunderweight.Scott,whohasappearedonITV’sThisMorningandBBC’sBluePeter,saidthemotherisshowinggreatsignsofimprovementandherwoundsarestartingtoheal.Thebabyhasundergonesurgerytohiseyeandisrecoveringfromtheanesthetic(麻药)\nanddoingwell.Butheadded:“Themotherremainsdehydratedsoisn’tproducingenoughmilktofeedthebaby.Atthemomentthey’rebeinghousedseverallybutthereisthehopethatwhenthebabyisalittlestrongerhewillbeabletobereturnedtohismother.”Evenaftertheyrecover,thepairwillprobablyspendtheirlivesinanenclosurewhilethebushtakesyearstorecover.Scottsaid:“Sadlypatientsarestillcominginthickandfast.Eachoftheseanimalsisrequiringtobehousedandfed,andregularmedicaltreatmenttotheirinjuries.”【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了在澳大利亚森林大火后受伤的考拉得到人们尤其是Dr.Scott救助的故事。24.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Dr.Scottdonatedmorethan￡5,500.B.ResidentswereaskedtomovetoCanberra.C.Numerousanimalsmighthavelosttheirlives.D.AlargeareaofBritainhasbeenbadlydamagedbythefire.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Abillionanimalsarefearedtohavedied,including25,000koalas.”可知,有十亿动物恐怕已经死了,包括两万五千只考拉。由此可知,大量动物可能已经失去了生命。25.WhatdidDr.Scottdoafterreturningtohishomeland?A.Hewasrushedtothefieldhospitaltoreceivetreatment.B.HeassistedtorescuethewildlifeonKangarooIsland.C.HehostedtheITV’sThisMorning.D.Hefedtheunderweightbabykoala.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“LastweekScotttoldhowhehadvisitedhishomeland,helpingtosavewildlifeonKangarooIslandoffthecoastofAdelaide.”可知,上周Scott讲述了他如何访问自己的祖国,帮助拯救阿德莱德海岸袋鼠岛上的野生动物。26.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph5probablymean?A.Separately. B.Seriously.\nC.Successfully.D.Sympathetically.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句后半部分“...butthereisthehopethatwhenthebabyisalittlestrongerhewillbeabletobereturnedtohismother.”句中表示转折关系的连词but可判断此处单词为“分别地,各自地”之意,A项符合。27.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.AbigAustralianfireB.People’sgenerousdonationC.Koalas’recoveryD.Rescuingkoalas【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第三段第一句LastweekScotttoldhowhehad...offthecoastofAdelaide.可知,本文作者主要介绍了在澳大利亚森林大火后受伤的考拉得到人们尤其是Dr.Scott救助的故事。C Inthemiddleofthe19thcentury,afeverdreamofrichesbeyondmeasuredrewcountlessexplorerswesttothemountainsofcentralCalifornia.Althoughthegoldrushendedupbeingabustformanywhosoughtafortune,someofthoseexplorersdiscoveredanaturaltreasurethatwoulddrawpermanentsettlerstoYosemiteValleyinthefollowingdecade.Vastwilderness,beautifulmountains,countlesswaterfalls,andabundantwildlifedrewNativeAmericanstoYosemiteroughly10,000yearsago.Thefirstnon-nativetouristsarrivedinthemid-1850safterreportsfromgoldseekerstoldofanareaofbreathtakingbeautythatnowordswereabletodescribe.Fortunately,someofYosemite’searliestsettlersrecognizedthatYosemite’snaturalbeautyandresourcesneededtobepreservedforfuturegenerations.InthemidstoftheCivilWar,PresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedagranttoprotectYosemitepermanently,thusmakingitthenation’sfirstlandtobededicatedtorecreationandsettingthestageforwhatwouldbecomethenationalparksystem.OneofYosemite’searliestambassadorswasScottish-AmericannaturalistandwriterJohnMuir.AfterlivinginYosemiteforafewyears,hehelpeddefineitsproposedboundaries.Healsowrotearticlesthathelpedleadtoitsofficialtitle\nasanationalparkin1890.Helaterco-foundedtheSierraClubin1892toadvocateforitscontinuedpreservationandprotection.LocatedonthewesternslopeoftheSierraNevadamountainrangeincentralCalifornia,YosemiteNationalParkrunsacrossnearly748,000acres,almost95%ofwhichiswilderness.AroundfourmillionvisitorscometoYosemiteeachyeartocamp,hikeitsmilesoftrails,climbitsrockformations,andphotographitsimpressivesights.AreyoureadytovisitYosemiteNationalPark?WhichofYosemite’ssightswouldyoumostliketoexperience?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国风景优美之地——约塞米蒂的历史以及约塞米蒂国家公园的特点。28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“bust”underlinedinParagraph1?A.Memory.B.Symbol.C.Failure.D.Challenge.【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据Although和画线词后的“...someofthoseexplorersdiscoveredanaturaltreasure”以及历史知识可知,尽管淘金热最终以许多淘金者的失败而告终……但其中一些探索者发现了一个自然宝藏,由此可知画线词词义为“失败”。29.Whendidthefirstnon-nativetouristscometoYosemite?A.Afteritwasdiscoveredbygoldseekers.B.Whenthegoldrushfinallycametoastop.C.BeforeNativeAmericansfounditsbeauty.D.Whenitbecameanationalparkin1890.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefirstnon-nativetouristsarrivedinthemid-1850safterreportsfromgoldseekerstoldofanareaofbreathtakingbeautythatnowordswereabletodescribe.”可知,第一批非本地游客是在听淘金者说这里有难以用语言描绘的美景后来到约塞米蒂的。30.WhatdowelearnaboutJohnMuir?A.Hewasthefirsttobuildthenationalpark.B.HehelpedsettheboundariesofYosemite.C.HewrotetocollectmoneyforYosemite.D.HegaveYosemiteanofficialname.\n【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“AfterlivinginYosemiteforafewyears,hehelpeddefineitsproposedboundaries.”可知,在约塞米蒂居住多年后,JohnMuir帮助确定了约塞米蒂的边界。31.WhatdoweknowaboutYosemiteNationalPark?A.IthasbeenwellpreservedsincetheCivilWar.B.Itwasoriginallycreatedtoprotectwildanimals.C.Itusedtobewell-knownforitsman-madebeauty.D.Itwasoncedamagedbysomeofitsearliestsettlers.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“InthemidstoftheCivilWar,PresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedagranttoprotectYosemitepermanently...”可知,内战期间,林肯总统拨款永久保护约塞米蒂。由此可知,自内战期间起,约塞米蒂就得到了很好的保护。【知识拓展】abundantadj.大量的;丰富的 resourcen.资源 permanentlyadv.永久地;不变地 impressiveadj.令人赞叹的D Ascarmakerspushaheadwithself-drivingvehicles,anAustrianaerospacecompanyanditsChinesepartnershowedofftheirpilotless“flyingtaxi”forthefirsttimeinEuropeonThursday.Thedrone(无人驾驶飞机)hummedloudlyasitroseabovethegroundatVienna’sGeneraliArena,hometosoccerclubFKAustriaWien.Theslimplane,whichweighs750pounds,circledintheairbrieflyandcamedownwithinafewminutes.“TheEHang216,whichcanseattwopassengers,hasbeentestedcomprehensivelyandisessentiallyreadyformassproduction,”saidDerrickXiong,co-founderofChinesedronemakerEHang.“Thedronecanflyatupto150kmperhourforalmosthalfanhour,”FACCAGChiefExecutiveOfficerRobertMachtlingersaid.“Itcantravelbetween50and70kilometersdependingontheload.”Thepassengercapsuleissmall,withlegroomthattallerpassengersmightfindlessthanadequate,anAustrianphotographerwhotookpartinademonstration(演示)flighttoldReuters.Joiningtheracefornewautonomousaircraftservicesthatdonotrequirerunways,EHangenteredastrategicpartnershiplastyearwithAustria’sFACCAG,ownedby\nChineseaerospacegroupAVIC,aimingtooffershort-distanceservicesforpassengers,industrialequipmentandurgentmedicaldeliveries.FACCAGsaysithasalreadyreceivedseveralthousandordersforthe$336,000drone,withthehighestdemandinChina.CompetitorsworkingtowardofferingautonomousflyingcarsearlyinthenextdecaderangefromaerospacecompanyAirbustoUberandAeroMobil.“Technically...urbanmobility,flyingwithoutapilot,ispossible.It’snotadream,”saidMachtlinger.“Whatisstoppingusfromgoingintolargervolumes(量)isregulation,”headded.“Afuturelegalframeworkforautonomousflyingvehiclesshouldregulatecommunicationwithotherplanesandhelicoptersandprovidetrafficrules,”hesaid.Austriasupportsinternationaleffortstoquicklyestablishthenecessaryregulation,saidtransportministerNorbertHofer.HehopesthatAustriawillbetheplacewherethousandsoftheseairtaxiswillbebuiltandthatverysoonwewillseealotoftheseairtaxisintheair.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥地利航空公司和它的中国合作伙伴首次展示的无人驾驶“飞行出租车”的相关情况。32.WhatstageofdevelopmentistheEHang216at?A.It’sbeingtestedcomprehensively.B.It’sreadyformassproduction.C.It’sreadyfordemonstrationflights.D.It’sbeingadaptedtocustomerdemands.【解析】选B。细节理解题。题干含意“EHang216处于什么发展阶段?”。根据题干中的关键词theEHang216定位到原文第三段第一句中的“TheEHang216,whichcanseattwopassengers,hasbeentestedcomprehensivelyandisessentiallyreadyformassproduction”可知,正确答案为B。33.WhatdoweknowabouttheEHang216?A.Itsmaximumloadis750pounds.B.Itcancarrytwopassengers.C.Itcanflyforalmostanhour.D.Itcantravelover70kilometers.【解析】选B。细节理解题。题干含意“关于EHang216我们知道什么?\n”。由此可定位到原文第三段第一句中的“TheEHang216,whichcanseattwopassengers”可知,正确答案为B。34.Whatisabigbarriertoawideruseofflyingtaxis?A.Technicalproblems.B.Objectionofthegovernment.C.Lackofrelatedrules.D.Competitionbetweenaerospacecompanies.【解析】选C。细节理解题。题干含意“对于更广泛地使用飞行出租车的一个大的障碍是什么?”。根据题干中的关键词abigbarrier定位到原文最后一段中的“Whatisstoppingusfromgoingintolargervolumes(量)isregulation”可知,正确答案为C。【知识拓展】间接类事实细节题考法该类试题的选项不出现原文的直接信息,而是借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行适当变换。如第34题,文章中指出“飞行出租车”的一个大障碍是规则,即缺乏相关的规定。35.HowdoestheauthorintroducetheEHang216?A.Bycomparingitwithsimilarproducts.B.Byexplaininghowitworks.C.Byprovidingspecificdataofit.D.Bydemonstratingitsmulti-functions.【解析】选C。推理判断题。题干含意“作者是如何介绍EHang216的?”。根据文中第三段的内容可知,作者是通过提供具体的载客量、飞行的具体距离和所需时长等数据来介绍EHang216的。【知识拓展】熟词生义seat常用义:n.座位例句:Thefurniturehadn’tarrivedsowewereusingcratesasseats.家具还没送达,所以我们用大木箱当座位。文章义:vt.能容纳……人,可坐……人例句:Theaircraftseats200passengers.这架飞机能坐200名乘客。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)\n 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·牡丹江模拟)FivesimplethingsthatareactuallycomplexTheprooffor“1+1=2”isover300pageslong. 36 Intheearly20thcentury,BertrandRussellwantedtoprovethatmathematicsworked,sohedecidedtostartwiththesimplestconceptandprove1+1=2.However,ittookthemathematicianandphilosopher372pagesofcomplexsums. Definingtheword“the”isreallydifficult.Theword“the”isoneofthemostcommonwordsinEnglish. 37 Forexample,whydowesay,“Ihavetheflu,”butnot“Ihavetheheadache?”IntheOxfordEnglishDictionary,therearealmosttwodozendifferentwaysthewordcanbeusedinasentencecorrectly. Yawning.Somepeoplesayweyawntokeepusalert(警觉的)bytakinginoxygen.However,variousexperimentshaveshownthatyawningactuallycoolsdownthebrain. 38 Asforwhyyawningiscontagious(感染性的),nooneknowsthateither. Leftandrighthavebeenconfusingphilosophersforyears.Wouldyouexplaintheconceptofleftandrightintermsofyourrelativepositiontoawell-knownlandmark(地标性建筑)? 39 It’saquestionthathasbeenpuzzlingphilosophersforyearsbecause,withoutapointofreference,it’sdifficulttodefinewhatleftandrightactuallyare. 40 You’dthinkthatthereasonweenjoythingsisbecauseitfeelsgoodinsomeway,butit’sonlyhalfthestory.There’safamousexperimentwherewineexpertswerefooledintothinkingacheapbottleofwinewasanoutstandingonejustbyswitchingthelabels.Theirenjoymentoftheproductwasn’tbasedonappreciationofwine—itwasbasedonthefactthattheyweretolditwasgoodwine.A.Whatyoufeelmaynotbethetruth.B.Weenjoythingsforreasonsotherthanenjoyment.\nC.Butwhatifyouweretalkingtoonewhocouldn’tsee?D.Weallknowthatoneplusoneequalstwo,butdoyouknowwhy?E.Infact,thereisnouniversallyagreedtheoryforwhyweactuallyyawn.F.Maybeyou’drefertothemoveoftheEarthorsomethingcomparablyhuge.G.Mostofushaveprobablyneverstoppedtothinkabouthowstrangeaworditactuallyis.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了五个看似简单,但实际上很复杂的事。36.【解析】选D。根据段落主旨句Theprooffor“1+1=2”isover300pageslong可知,这一段主要讲述的是1+1=2的问题。D项符合段落主旨,且以问句的形式引出下文关于1+1=2这个问题的具体内容。37.【解析】选G。该段落主要讲述的是英文单词the的定义和用法。G项谈论我们中的大多数人可能从来没有停止思考这个词到底有多奇怪。选项中的aword指代的是段落主旨句中的“the”,故选项符合段落主旨,且能够引起下文,下文通过例子讲述了这个词的用法到底有多奇怪。故选G。38.【解析】选E。本段主要讲述的打哈欠的问题。E项中的yawn与段落主旨句Yawning呼应,符合段落主旨,讨论的是打哈欠的问题。故选E。39.【解析】选C。根据下文It’saquestionthathasbeenpuzzlingphilosophersforyears可知,空格处应该是一个问题。C项与本段主旨一致,讨论的是看不见的人如何区分左边和右边。40.【解析】选B。根据You’dthinkthatthereasonweenjoythingsisbecauseitfeelsgoodinsomeway,butit’sonlyhalfthestory可知,本段主要讲的是我们到底为什么喜欢某件事物。B项符合文意。【知识拓展】七选五的解题技巧1.先读文章的开始部分,明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。(一名(名词)袋(代词)鼠(数词)很特殊(特殊疑问词),连(连词)蹦(动词)带跳很彪(标点/标题)悍。)2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种:词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。3.一旦确定一个选项,就要在该选项上做出标记(例如可以删掉),以避免干扰和分散注意力。4.将选项代入到文章中重读,依据行文逻辑,再次确定选项。\n第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 AMichiganman,namedBob,wasalonewhenhelefthisfarmhouseonNewYear’sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwasjust 41 longjohns(秋裤),ashirtandslippers(拖鞋)whenhewentoutside, 42 thetemperaturebeingaround-4℃. 43 ,hefelldownandbrokehisneck.He 44 forhelpbuthisnearestneighborisaboutaquartermile 45 anditwas10:30pm. 46 ,Bob’sKelsey,afive-year-oldGoldenRetriever(金毛寻回犬)came.ShekeptBobwarmby 47 ontopofhim,andkepthim 48 bylicking(舔)hishandsandface.Shekeptbarkingfor 49 butneverlefthisside.Bobsaid,“WithKelseykeeping 50 withme,IknewIhadto 51 thisandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive.” BymorningBob’svoicewasgone,butKelseydidn’t 52 shoutingstill.Bob’sneighbor 53 discoveredhimafterhearingKelsey’sshoutsandcalled911.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,histemperaturewas 54 21℃.Normalbodytemperatureis37℃,soBobwas 55 tofindoutthathedidn’thaveanyinjury 56 cold.“I’msureitwasbecauseofKelsey’s 57 tokeepmewarmandaware,”saidBob. Andtothesurpriseofdoctors,Bobmadeaquick 58 fromhisneckinjury.“Ithinkanimalscanhelpandhis 59 herodidkeepBobaliveandreallymakeabig 60 ,”saidChaimColen,MD,neuro-surgeon(神经外科医生)atMcLaren. 41.A.removingB.decoratingC.wearingD.collecting【解析】选C。根据上句中的“tocollectfirewood”可知,Bob出去找柴火,是“穿着”秋裤、衬衫和拖鞋出去的。42.A.inchargeofB.inspiteofC.insearchofD.incaseof【解析】选B。根据空后的“thetemperaturebeingaround-4℃”可知,\nBob是不顾室外零下4度的严寒而外出的。43.A.HoweverB.AnyhowC.OtherwiseD.Instead【解析】选A。根据“hefelldownandbrokehisneck”可知,他外出后摔倒并且摔伤了脖子。此处表示转折。44.A.explainedB.screamedC.orderedD.complained【解析】选B。他摔倒后呼救寻求帮助。scream“呼喊”符合语境。45.A.aroundB.forwardC.nearbyD.away【解析】选D。句意:最近的邻居离他也有1/4英里远。“数词+距离单位+away”表示“有……远”。46.A.ProbablyB.GenerallyC.FortunatelyD.Especially【解析】选C。根据下文可知,他的爱犬过来帮助他,这是幸运的。47.A.waitingB.lyingC.layingD.watching【解析】选B。Kelsey卧在他身上给他取暖,所以填lying。48.A.asleep B.alone C.alike D.awake【解析】选D。Kelsey舔他的脸和手,为了使他保持清醒(在寒冷的天气里,一旦睡着就冻死了)。49.A.helpB.comfortC.escapeD.action【解析】选A。Kelsey一直叫着为了寻求帮助。50.A.paceB.trackC.promiseD.company【解析】选D。由于Kelsey的陪伴,Bob意识到自己必须渡过这个难关。company“陪伴”符合语境。51.A.giveupB.livethroughC.findoutD.turndown\n【解析】选B。见上题解析。livethrough“活下来,渡过难关”。52.A.stopB.imagineC.continueD.try【解析】选A。根据空后“shoutingstill”可知,Kelsey并没有停止叫。53.A.graduallyB.immediatelyC.suddenlyD.finally【解析】选D。句意:Bob的邻居在听到Kelsey的叫声之后,最终发现了他并拨打了911求救。54.A.beyondB.withinC.belowD.above【解析】选C。根据“Normalbodytemperatureis37℃”可知,正常人的体温是37℃,Bob被送往医院时的体温应该是低于21℃。55.A.surprisedB.seriousC.satisfiedD.nervous【解析】选A。根据“hedidn’thaveanyinjury”可知,他没有被冻伤,这一结果令Bob很吃惊。56.A.asameansofB.asakindofC.asaresultofD.asamatterof【解析】选C。因寒冷而受到的伤害。asaresultof“因为;作为……的结果”符合语境。57.A.curiosityB.effortC.skillD.ambition【解析】选B。Bob清楚(自己没有受任何伤),完全是因为Kelsey努力的结果。58.A.contributionB.developmentC.changeD.recovery【解析】选D。让医生们吃惊的是,Bob的颈伤快速地康复了。recovery“康复”符合语境。59.A.littleB.proudC.famousD.unknown【解析】选A。神经外科的一位医生认为动物能够帮助人类,并且认为Bob的“小英雄”Kelsey发挥了极大的作用,Bob才活了下来。60.A.requirementB.excuseC.differenceD.expression\n【解析】选C。大家认为Bob的“小英雄”Kelsey发挥了极大的作用,makeadifference“起作用,有影响”。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Volunteeringcan,infact,helpyoureducestress,learnskills,findnewfriends,andmakearealdifferenceinyournewcommunity.Ifyougiveit61.________try,itmightopenthedoortoarevolutionarytimeinyourlife.Volunteeringbringsjoytoothers.Youhavecleanwater,clothing,footwear,food,andaccesstofree62._______(educate).Maybeit’stimetogivebackalittle.Useyourskills63._______(make)arealdifferenceinyourcommunity.Doyouliketoread?Consider64._______(teach).Doyouloveanimals?Workatananimalshelter.Areyouhandy?Volunteertobuildhousesandschoolsforthelessfortunate.Whenyouvolunteer,youwillfindthethingsthatdriveyouandmake65.______(you)heartpoundwithexcitement.Itchangesyourview.Anditcanalsohelpyourealize66._______youaretrulysupposedtodoinyourlife.Helpingothersandbeing67.______(use)canbringyouhighsatisfactionandmotivation,68.________arethefoundationforhealthymindandbody.Thesocialcontactaspectofvolunteeringcanhaveapowerfuleffectonyouroverallwell-being.Afterall,nothingfightsstress69.______(well)thanarealconnectionwithalike-mindedperson.Volunteeringwillmakeyoufeelgood.Itwillhelpyouappreciatetheamazing,generouslifeyou70._______(give),anditwillhelpyougrowasaperson.【文章大意】志愿服务可以帮助你减轻压力,学习技能,找到新的朋友,并在你的新社区中发挥真正的作用。61.【解析】a。考查冠词。givesth.atry“试一下”。62.【解析】education。考查名词。根据前面的形容词可知,此处要用名词形式。63.【解析】tomake。考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。64.【解析】teaching。考查非谓语动词。considerdoingsth.“考虑做某事”。65.【解析】your。考查代词。heart是名词,所以用形容词性物主代词。\n66.【解析】what。考查名词性从句。所填的词引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语,所以用what。67.【解析】useful。考查形容词。being是连系动词,所以用形容词。68.【解析】which。考查关系代词。所填的词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语,所以填which。69.【解析】better。考查比较级。根据后面的than可知,此处用比较级。70.【解析】havebeengiven。考查时态与语态。此处表示你已经被给予的生活,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Aproverbsays,“Timeismoney.”Butonmyopinion,timeisevenmorevaluablethanmoney.Why?Becausewhenmoneyisspent,wecanearnthemback.However,whentimeisgone,itwillneverreturn.Thisisthereasonthatwemustvaluetime.Thetimeforourstudyandworkisquitelimit.Butthereareanumberofpeoplewhodonotknowtheimportantoftime.Theykilltimebychattingordrinking.Theydidn’trealizethatwastingtimeissimplewastingtheirvaluablelives.Inword,weshoulddevelopthegoodhabitofsavingtime.Don’tleavewhatcanbedotodaytilltomorrow.Lazinesswillnotonlybringtousfailurebutalsomakeusleadapoorlife.答案:\n【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。作者认为时间比金钱更宝贵并讲述了原因。1.【解析】第二句的on→in。inmyopinion在我看来。2.【解析】第四句的them→it。根据Becausewhenmoneyisspent可知此处是用代词it指代不可数名词money。\n3.【解析】第六句的that→why。此处是由why引导的同位语从句,作thereason的同位语。Thisisthereasonwhy...“这就是……的原因”。4.【解析】第七句的limit→limited。根据副词quite可知此处要用形容词,limited“有限的”。5.【解析】第八句的important→importance。根据定冠词the和介词of可知此处要用名词。6.【解析】第十句的didn’t→don’t。上文是一般现在时,此处也用一般现在时,且主语是They可知此处要用助动词don’t表示否定。7.【解析】第十句的simple→simply。根据谓语动词iswasting可知此处要用副词修饰动词,simply“简直,仅仅”。8.【解析】第十一句的word前加a。固定短语inaword“总之”。9.【解析】第十二句的do→done。根据canbe可知此处要用过去分词,构成被动语态。10.【解析】第十三句去掉bring后面的to。bring是及物动词,可直接加宾语,因此去掉介词to。第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 假定你是李华,今天是外教MrSmith回国前最后一次给你班上课。现在,请你代表全班发言。内容包括:1.表达感激之情;2.回忆各种收获;3.表达不舍与祝福。注意:1.词数100个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearMrSmith,IamLiHua.Atthismoment,I’mhonoredtoexpressoursincerethankstoyouonbehalfofmyclassmates.Wedoappreciateeverythingthatyouhavedoneforus.Wehavebeenverylucky\ntohaveyouasourEnglishteacherinthepastyears.Withyourhelp,everyonehasmadeprogressinbothEnglishlearningandschoollife.Wehaveenjoyedyourteachingandguidancealot.Yourhumorousstories,bigsmilesandencouragingwordshavealreadyrootedinourmemories.Sinceyouwillleavesoon,wewishyouapleasantjourneybackhomeandahappylifethere.Wewillmissyou.Thanksagain,MrSmith.Yours,LiHua
