高三年级第一学期第一次教学诊断考试试题英语第一部分听力第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.Whydoesthemancomehere?A.Torelax.B.Tostudy.C.Toborrowbooks.2.Whathappenstothespeakers?A.Theyarelost.B.Theircarisbroken.C.Theyarerunningoutofgas.3.Whatsportdidthewomanwatch?A.Football.B.Tennis.C.Swimming.4.Whenwillthewomanleavefortheairporttomorrow?A.At5:30.B.At6:30.C.At7:30.5.Whatdoestheprofessorsuggestthewomando?A.Handinthefinalpaper.B.Writeanotherpaper.C.Reviseherpaper.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelnow?A.Impatient.B.Regretful.C.Confused.7.Whatisthemandoing?A.Complaining.B.Comforting.C.Encouraging.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.9.Whatdidthemanattend?A.Aparty.B.Adiscussion.C.Theopeningceremony.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。-14-10.Whatsymptomdoesthewomanhave?A.Shehasatemperature.B.Shefeelsexhausted.C.Shesneezesalot.11.What’swrongwiththewomanaccordingtotheman?A.She’sgottheflu.B.She’shadanallergy.C.She’sgotaheadache.12.Whatshouldthewomandoifherillnessbecomesserious?A.Drinkmorewater.B.Takesomemedicine.C.Haveamedicalexamination.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Gosightseeing.B.Visitherparents.C.Workforaproject.14.Wheredidthewomangrowup?A.InKentucky.B.InLosAngeles.C.InSouthCarolina.15.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoflivinginWestchester?A.Convenient.B.Expensive.C.Quiet.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Neighbors.C.Strangers.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatactivityisarrangedtomorrowmorning?A.Visitingtheartgallery.B.Playinggamesinthegarden.C.Learningaboutthehistoryofthehouse.18.Inwhatconditionshouldguestsinformthestaffinadvance?A.Whentheydon’thavebreakfast.B.Whentheyhavebreakfastafter8:30.C.Whentheywantotherkindofbreakfast.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthegarden?A.Itwasbuiltin1990.B.Itissmallerthanbefore.C.Itisfarawayfromthecarpark.20.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheanimals?-14-A.Theyarerare.B.Theymaycomeclose.C.Theyarekeptbythespeaker.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUKisbecomingapopulardestinationforpeoplewhowishtostudyabroad.However,Britainisquiteanexpensiveplacetostudyandlivein.Tuitionfeeshavenowreached£9,250ayearandstudentsalsofacesomeofthehighestlivingcostsintheworld.Fortunately,thereareanumberofcountrieswhereuniversitiesofferdegreeprogramsentirelyinEnglish,alongwiththechancetolearnthelocallanguagewhileyoulivethere.Herearethreeoftheoptions.TianjinUniversityMovingtoChinaisnotforthefainthearted.UndergraduatedegreecoursesatTianjinlastfouryears.Livingcostsareonlyaround£400amonthandtuitionfeesare£2,300ayear.Flightswillcost£3,600overthefouryears.Thetotalcost,at£28,800,isstillaroundhalfthatofathree-yeardegreeinBritain.Tianjinisoneoftheworld’slatestcitiesandisonlyahalf-hourtrainridefromBeijing.ThreeundergraduateprogramsareofferedinEnglish:ChemicalEngineering,Environment&EnergyandPharmaceuticalScience.UniversityofAmsterdamTheDutchcapitalisnotacheapcitytolivein,butstandardtuitionfeesof£1,800ayearmakeitsignificantlycheaperthanaBritishdegree.Thereare14bachelor’sdegreesonofferthataretaughtinEnglish,includingPoliticalScience,Economics&BusinessEconomicsandActuarialScience.NearlyallDutchpeoplespeakEnglish,makingitaneasycountrytogetbyin.UniversityofMilanTheUniversityofMilan’sfeesrangefrom£140to£3,650ayear.Theonebachelor’sdegreeofferedentirelyinEnglish---PoliticalScienceisathree-yearcourse.WhilelivingcostsinMilanarehigh,thesignificantlylowerfeesmakeit-14-acheaperoptionthanaBritishuniversity.21.Whatisprobablythetotalcostofathree-yeardegreeinBritain?A.£14,400B.£27,750C.£28,800D.£57,60022.WherecanyoumajorinPoliticalScience?A.LondonandTianjin.B.AmsterdamandLondon.C.AmsterdamandMilan.D.TianjinandMilan.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletostudyabroad.B.Tointroducesomeaffordableuniversities.C.Toadvertisesomedegreeprograms.D.Tocomparetuitionfeesandlivingcosts.BOnNovember7,LewisPughcompletedaone-kilometerswiminthefreezingwatersofKingEdwardCove,offSouthGeorgiainAntarctica.Hewaswearingonlyhisswimmingglasses,capandSpeedos!Pughisanadvocateforouroceansandseas,workingtoprotecttheseecosystemwiththeirlargediversityofmarine(海洋的)life.Whenaskedwhyhedoesn’twearawetsuit,Lewissays,“Iaskworldleaderstodoeverythingtheycantoprotectouroceans.Sometimesthestepstheyneedtotakearedifficultandunpopular.IfI’maskingthemtobecourageous,Imustalsobe.Swimminginawetsuitwouldnotsendtherightmessage.”IttookPughabout19minutestocompletetheone-kilometerswiminAntarcticawherethewateraveragedabout1.6degreesCelsius(摄氏度).Hesaysthathisbodycanonlytolerateabout20minutesinthefreezingwatersbeforeitstartsshuttingdown.Asheswims,hisbodytemperaturesteadilydrops,whichinturncauseshismuscle(肌肉)controltodrop,slowinghimdown.Whenheisdonewithhisswim,hissupportteamrusheshimtoahotshowerandittakesalmostanhourforhisbodytemperaturetoreturntonormal.DoctorsandPughcautionthatonemustreceivemonthsoftrainingtoswiminsuch-14-coldwaters.Evenexpertswimmerswhoareunusedtofreezingwatercandrownwithinminutesbecauseofthephysicalshockexperiencedbythebody.Pughsayshetrainedforsixmonthsbeforethisswim.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatLewishasswumindangerousconditions.In2022,heswamonekilometerintheNorthPoletodrawattentiontothemeltingArcticiceduetoclimatechange.In2022,heswamintheBayofWhalesinAntarctica’sRossSeaaspartofhissuccessfulcampaigntohelpsetupamarinereservethere.24.WhydidLewisPughswimwithoutawetsuit?A.Toswimfaster.B.Toshowhisbravery.C.Tobuilduphisbody.D.Towinpublicattention.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Hisbody.B.Thewater.C.Hisbodytemperature.D.Thewatertemperature.26.What’sPugh’sadviceaboutswimminginfreezingwaters?A.Onemustbefullyprepared.B.Oneshouldbeexpertatswimming.C.Oneshouldbereadytotakeonchallenges.D.Onemustbeusedtolong-distanceswimming.27.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.LewisPugh:swimmingforacauseB.HowtosurviveaswimincoldwatersC.HowtoprepareforextremeswimmingD.LewisPugh:achievingtheimpossibleCManyleadingAIresearchersthinkthatinamatterofdecades,artificialintelligencewillbeabletodonotmerelysomeofourjobs,butallofourjobs,forevertransforminglifeonEarth.Thereasonwhymanyrejectthisassciencefictionisthatwe’vetraditionallythoughtofintelligenceassomethingmysteriousthatcanonlyexistinbiological-14-organisms,especiallyhumans.Butsuchanideaisunscientific.FrommypointofviewasaphysicistandAIresearcher,intelligenceissimplyacertainkindofinformation-processingperformedbyelementaryparticles(基本粒子)movingaround,andthereisnolawofphysicsthatsaysonecan’tbuildmachinesmoreintelligentthanusinallways.Thissuggeststhatwe’veonlyseenthetipoftheintelligenceicebergandthatthereisanamazingpotentialtounlockthefullintelligencethatispotentialinnatureanduseittohelphumanity.Ifwegetitright,theupsideishuge.Sinceeverythingweloveaboutcivilizationistheproductofintelligence,amplifying(扩大)ourownintelligencewithAIhasthepotentialtosolvetomorrow’stoughestproblems.Forexample,whyriskourlovedonesdyingintrafficaccidentsthatself-drivingcarscouldpreventordyingofcancersthatAImighthelpusfindcuresfor?Whynotincreaseproductivitythroughautomation(自动化)anduseAItoaccelerateourresearchanddevelopmentofaffordablesustainable(可持续的)energy?I’moptimisticthatwecandeveloprapidlywithadvancedAIaslongaswewintheracebetweenthegrowingpowerofourtechnologyandtheknowledgewithwhichwemanageit.Butthisrequiresgivingupouroutdatedconceptoflearningformmistakes.Thathelpeduswintheracewithlesspowerfultechnology:Wemessedupwithfireandtheninventedfireextinguishers(灭火器),andwemessedupwithcarsandtheninventedseatbelts.However,it’sanawfulideaformorepowerfultechnologies,suchasnuclearweaponsorsuperintelligentAI—whereevenasinglemistakeisunacceptableandweneedtogetthingsrightthefirsttime.28.HowdomanypeoplefeelaboutleadingAIresearchers’predictions?A.WorriedB.CuriousC.DoubtfulD.Disappointed29.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofintelligence?A.Weknowlittleaboutit.B.Itbelongstohumanbeings.C.Itistoodifficulttounderstand.D.Wehaveagoodcommandofit.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upside”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Cost.B.Potential.C.Quantity.D.Advantage.31.What’simportantforusintheracebetweenpeopleandtechnology?-14-A.Learningfromfailure.B.Increasingourintelligence.C.Avoidingmakingmistakes.D.Makingaccuratepredictions.DAirtravelcanbeannoying.Butresearchnowsuggestsglobalwarmingcouldmakeitmuchworse.Togetoffthegroundinreallyhotweather,planesmaybeforcedtocarryfewerpassengers.Thatmightmeanalittlemorespace,whichwouldbegood.However,italsowouldmakethepassengerspaymore.Averageairtemperaturesaroundtheworldarerisingbecausepeoplearepollutingtheairwithanincreasingnumberofgreenhousegases,which,suchascarbondioxide,areabyproduct(副产品)ofburningfuels.Thosewarmertemperaturescaninfluenceanairplane’sabilitytoflybecauseairmolecules(分子)spreadoutmoreastheairwarms.Thisproduceslessliftunderaplane’swings,soaplanemustbelightertotakeoffinhotweatherthanoncoolerdays.Itcanevenprovetoodangerousforsomeplanestoattemptatake-off.ArecordofJuneheatwaveintheAmericanSouthwest,forinstance,causedflightcancellationsinPhoenix,Ariz.Oneairline’splaneswereclearedtooperateonlyupto47.8degreeCelsius.OnJune20,Phoenixreached48.3°C!RadleyHortonisaclimatescientistatColumbiaUniversity.Twoyearsago,heandhisgraduatestudentEthanDavidCoffelstudiedtheimpactofwarmingatfourU.S.airportsandfoundthatwarmingoftrackcouldtriple(使成三倍)thenumberofdayswhenplanesfaceweightrestrictions.Later,theyexploredtheimpactofrisingtemperaturesonlivetypesofcommercialplanesflyingoutof19oftheworld’sbusiestairports.Inthecomingdecades,asmanyasonetothreeoutofevery10flightsthattakeoffduringthehottesttimeofdaycouldfaceweight.Thatwouldbeequaltotakingadozenpeopleofftheplane,theresearcherscalculated.32.Howwouldglobalwarmingaffectairtravelaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.It’lladdtothedangerofflying.B.It’llincreasepassengers’travelcost.C.It’llmakeflyingmuchmorecomfortable.-14-D.It’llencouragemorepeoplelotravelbyplane.33.Whatisthesecondparagraphactuallyintendedtoexplain?A.Howglobalwarmingishappening.B.Whatdecidesaplane’sabilitytofly.C.Whyglobalwarmingaffectsflying.D.Wheregreenhousegasesarecreated.34.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Reasonsforflightcancellation.B.Thefindingsofaweight-relatedresearch.C.Thetendencyoftemperaturechange.D.Effectsofhotaironfinancialgrowth.35.Whatshouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AirTravelIsn’tRecommendedduringHotWeatherC.RisingTemperaturesMayReducetheNumberofFlightsC.WeightRestrictionsAreMoreCommoninMoreAirportsD.HotterAirMayLeadtoPlanesCarryingFewerPassengers第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.36Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.37Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.38Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.39Thesynapses-14-inthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’s,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.40“Youkeepwhatmatters,”Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.It’sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.C.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.D.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.E.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.F.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.G.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnedayIoverheardmymomtalkaboutafamilywhoseworkschedulesoverlapped(重叠),leavingnoonetowatchtheirtwochildren.Uponhearingtheir41,Idecidedtohelpthis42outbybabysitting(当临时保姆).Ifinallycontinuedwithitduetothe43Iobtained.Forexample,onthefirstday,whilewewereplayingoutside,theneighborhoodkids44playingontheswings.I45cameupwiththesolutionofrock-paper-scissors:thekidswho46swungfirst.I47I-14-hadtheabilitytochangeanegativesituationintoanenjoyable48forthechildren.Thetwochildren49mehowcreativitycancomefromthe50things,withimaginationbeingtheonlytoolneeded.Weturnedplatesintomasksandthebackyardintoamedieval(中世纪的)castle.Theyalsotaughtmethingscan’talwaysbe51andsometimesthingscangetmessybutyoucanalwayscleanamessup.I52moreaboutmyselfeachofthefourtimesaweekIspentatthehouseholdthanIcouldhave53.Icontinuedbabysittingthroughoutmyhighschool54thebondI’dformedwiththechildrenandthe55I’dfeltIwasmakingintheirfamily.Itwas56towatchthekids57andlearnfromthingsIwasabletoinstill(灌输)inthem.Aftertheswingargument,whenevera58neededasolution,thekidswoulddorock-paper-scissors.I’llnever59thelifetimeskillsIobtainedfromtheexperiencethathas60meintothepersonIamtoday.41.A.vacationB.accidentC.applicationD.situation42.A.relativeB.familyC.friendD.mother43.A.prizesB.surprisesC.giftsD.lessons44.A.focusedonB.waitedforC.arguedoverD.thoughtabout45.A.quicklyB.patientlyC.casuallyD.hardly46.A.competedB.wonC.triedD.stopped47.A.realizedB.expectedC.rememberedD.agreed48.A.gameB.holidayC.partyD.trip49.A.shockedB.embarrassedC.convincedD.taught50.A.dullestB.craziestC.simplestD.cheapest51.A.complexB.perfectC.obviousD.new52.A.wroteB.talkedC.worriedD.learned53.A.insistedB.affordedC.claimedD.imagined54.A.exceptforB.becauseofC.insteadofD.asfor55.A.demandB.fortuneC.decisionD.difference56.A.confusingB.rewardingC.challengingD.disappointing-14-57.A.smileB.surviveC.growD.graduate58.A.conflictB.mysteryC.subjectD.trick59.A.doubtB.forgetC.believeD.regret60.A.shapedB.fooledC.reasonedD.followed第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasalwaysbeenfamousforbeinga“StateofEtiquettes(礼仪)”.Accordingto61._________(history)documents,asearlyas2,600yearsago,thisnationhasalreadyestablishedathoroughset62.____________diningetiquettes.Afamous19thcenturyRussianwriter,AntonChekhov,onceinvitedaChineseman63.____________(have)adrinkinabar.Chekhovsaid,“Beforedrinkingfromhiscup,heheld64.____________withhishandsandpresentedtomeandthebarownerandbartenders,65.____________(say)“qing(please).”ThisisthecustomofChina.Theyarenotlikeustofinishitinonedrink,66.____________prefertodrinkbytakingasmallamountatatime.Witheverysip(一小口),he67.____________(eat)somefood.AfterwardshehandedmesomeChinesecoinstoshow68.________(grateful).Thisisaratherinterestinglypolitenationality.ThiswasthemostvaluableopinionofaChineseperson69.____________wasgivenbyaforeignertwocenturiesago.Chinesetraditionaldinnerproceduresusedtobelonganddealtseriouslywith.The70.____________(important)theoccasion,themorecomplextheprocedureswere. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearPeter,-14-Thankyousomuchforinvitingmetotakepartinthewintercamporganizingbyyourschoolinthecomingwinterholiday.Quiteinterested,Iamwritingtolearnaboutfartherdetails.Aboveall,Iwonderthatitisconvenientforyoutoinformmeforthespecificscheduleinadvance.Besides,thiswillbemyfirstexperiencetoparticipatesuchaactivity.WouldyoubekindenoughtoofferanysuggestionsonwhoseitemsIspeciallyneedtotakeitwithme?Iamreallyexcitedandlookforwardtoit.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemeareplyatyourearliestconvenient.Yours,LiHua第二节书面表达（满分25分）假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Jonah得知你即将到美国旅游。他来信询问你是否方便带点中国特产给他，请你根据以下要点给他写一封回信。1.表示愿意；2.介绍特产（茶叶、丝绸等）；3.询问要求（种类、数量、预算等）。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。参考词汇：特产localspecialproductsDearJonah,I’mgladtoknowyouareinterestedinChineselocalspecialproducts,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LookingforwardtomeetingyouintheUSA.Yours,LiHua-14-高三年级第一学期第一次教学诊断考试参考答案2022.10第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）1-5ACBAC6-10AACAC11-15BCCAA16-20CACBB第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）21-23DCB24-27BAAA28-31CADC32-35BCBD36-40DCGFB第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）41-45DBDCA46-50BAADC51-55BDDBD56-60BCABA第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）61.historical62.of63.tohave64.it65.saying66.but67.ate68.gratitude69.that70.moreimportant第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）第一句：organizing→organiz(s)ed第二句：farther→further第三句：that→whether/if;for→of第四句：participate后加in；a→an第五句：whose→what;删掉it第六句：look→looking第七句：convenient→convenience第二节书面表达（满分25分）DearJonah,I’mgladtoknowyouareinterestedinChineselocalspecialproducts,andI’mpleasedtohelpyoubuysome.Herearesometips.Ourteawillbeagoodchoice,foritisgoodforhealth,butIwonderwhetheryoulikegreenteaorblacktea.Besides,varioussilkclothesarealsopopularwithforeigners.Bowls,platesandcupsmadeofchinaarenice,too.Whichdoyouprefer?Ifyoulikethem,pleasetellmeindetail.Inaddition,theseitemsareofdifferentprices.Wouldyouliketotellmeyourbudgetonthemaswellastheamountyouneed?-14-PleaseletmeknowwhatyouwouldliketohaveandIwilltrymybesttomeetyourrequirements.LookingforwardtomeetingyouintheUSA.Yours,LiHua-14-
