定语从句（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）班级：____________姓名：____________座号：____________得分：____________I.用适当的关系词填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)1.(2022·天津)NowIgettoworkwithDadalot,________Ilove.Wearebothpassionateaboutacting,______comesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople.2.(2022·天津)ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,__________government-provideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched.3.(2022·新课标卷I·语法填空)However,becarefulnottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgoodforthehealth.4.Herperformancesonthestagewereperfect，________madealotofpeopleadmireher.5.(2022·新课标卷III·语法填空)ButSarah,________hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.6.(2022·浙江卷·语法填空)Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotsweptintoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,________itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.7.Idon'tknowthereason________youliedtoyourparents，butyou'dbetterexplain.8.________ismentionedabove，paperisfirstmadeinChina.9.Asailor________hasexperiencednostormwillneverbecomeanexcellentsailor.10.Ioftenthinkaboutthetimes________Ihavefelthurtandinsultedbyruderemarksfromstrangersandsometimesfromacquaintances.【参考答案】1.which;which 2.inwhich/where 3.which 4.which5.who6.where 7.why 8.As 9.who 10.whenⅡ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.（2022·北京卷）Thelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.11\nA.thatB.asC.whereD.when【答案】A【解析】句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。分析句子结构可知，______wemeetinourdailylives是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。2.（2022·江苏卷）In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof____________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whom【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是＂theWorldFoodProgramme＂，＂世界粮食项目＂的目的之一是……，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。3.（2022·天津卷）Myeldestson,___________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.A.thatB.whoseC.hisD.who【答案】B【解析】本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Myeldestson,根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语，选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。4.ChinabegansellingticketsfortheWuhan-Guangzhouhigh-speedrailway,________boaststheworld’sfastesttrainjourneywitha350kmperhouraveragespeed.A.whichB.thatC.itD.what【答案】A5.QQ,________youcanleakoutyourprivateinformationunintentionally,makesyoueasytochatwithyourfriends.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.where【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：QQ使你容易地和你的朋友聊天，也能让你无意间泄露你的隐私。先行词是QQ，后面的非限制性定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。6.________isgenerallyaccepted,economicgrowthisdeterminedbythesmoothdevelopmentof11\nproduction.A.WhatB.ThatC.ItD.As【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一般认为，经济的增长是由生产的平稳发展决定的。分析句子结构可知，句子是由As引导的特殊定语从句，As指代后面的"economicgrowthisdeterminedbythesmoothdevelopmentofproduction"。7.Thefloodwasasufferingforthelocalpeopleinthecityofnorth-easternChina,________theycouldn’trecoveredinashortwhile.A.fromwhichB.ofwhichC.towhomD.bywhom【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：对中国东北这个城市的当地人民来说，这场洪水是一场苦难，他们不可能在短时间内恢复。先行词是flood，又因recover和from连用，所以选A。8.Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof________hasbeenproved.A.whomB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】B9.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,________theweathermaybebetter.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，先行词为nextweek，且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用when。10.Thereisnolawofnaturebetweenparentsandchildren________states________thelattermustfollowinthefootstepsoftheformer.A.who;thatB.that;thatC.that;whichD.which;which【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意：父母和孩子之间没有自然规则表明，后者必须步前者的后尘。第一空是定语从句，先行词为lawofnature，因为处在therebe句型中，所以用that来引导；11\n第二空为动词后的宾语从句，用that来引导。III.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel’shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged（蓬乱）.Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecat’slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin’scousins,Mr.Pennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin’sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,Mr.Penningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin’sparentsifhemighttaketheboytoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,Mr.PenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(风景)painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,＂Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.＂Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Benjamin’svisittoPhiladelphia.B.Williams’influenceonBenjamin.C.ThebeginningofBenjamin’slifeasanartist.D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3suggest?11\nA.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.B.Thecatwouldgetsomemedicalcare.C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.3.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.4.Williams’twobookshelpedBenjaminto________.A.mastertheuseofpaintsB.appreciatelandscapepaintingsC.gettoknowotherpaintersD.makeuphismindtobeapainter【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。IV.完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myhusband,Rashid,arrivedinNewYorkonhisownfromIndia.Hestayedina1forashorttimewhile2forahouseformeandourchildren.Duringthefirstweekofhis3,hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewas4.Hewasextremelyworried5the11\nsuitcasehadallhisimportantpapers,6hispassport.Hereportedthe7tothepoliceandthensatthere，lostand8instrangecity,thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganizedagainfromadistantcountrywhiletryingto9inanewone.Lateintheevening,thephonerang.Itwasa(an)10.Hewastryingtopronouncemyhusband’snameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.11hesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcan（垃圾桶）32hadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.Myhusband13totheirhometofindthekindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileof14papers.Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainly15addressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-written16inthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnew17numbertoafriend.Thatfamilynotonlyrestored(归还)theimportantdocumentsto18thatdaybutalsorestoredourfaithand19inpeople.Westillremembertheir20andoftensendawarmwishtheirway.1.A.schoolB.museumC.hotelD.shelter2.A.leavingB.lookingC.waitingD.paying3.A.designB.changeC.offerD.stay4.A.goneB.sharedC.costD.returned5.A.ifB.asC.thoughD.after6.A.includingB.containingC.givingD.holding7.A.thoughtB.complaintC.caseD.pain8.A.happyB.lonelyC.satisfiedD.confident9.A.growupB.breakdownC.liedownD.settledown10.A.officerB.strangerC.friendD.passenger11.A.ThenB.SoC.ButD.Yet12.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.it13.A.movedB.rushedC.skatedD.11\nwandered14.A.unfamiliarB.favoriteC.similarD.expensive15.A.suitableB.flexibleC.convenientD.foreign16.A.e-mailB.letterC.paragraphD.essay17.A.flightB.busC.telephoneD.diploma18.A.usB.youC.themD.me19.A.friendshipB.justiceC.trustD.devotion20.A.curiosityB.confidenceC.patienceD.kindness【文章大意】作者讲述了她们一家经历的一件事情。作者的丈夫不慎丢失了文件包，正当着急的时候，有人打电话给送了回来，原来是那家人的小孩在垃圾桶旁边发现了这些文件，通过这件事作者一家又找回了对人们的信任。5.B考查连词。A.if如果，是否；B.as因为；C.though尽管；D.after在……之后。他非常担心，因为手提箱里有他所有的重要的资料。故选B。6.A考查分词。A.including包含；B.containing包含；C.giving给；D.holding把握。此处是指包含他的护照。A和B都有包含的意思，contain指容器中装有东西的包含，是具体事物，还指涵盖某物；而include指整体中包含部分，此题指文件中包含有护照，用including。7.C考查名词。A.thought思想；B.complaint抱怨；C.case情况；D.pain痛苦。他把这一情况报告了警察，故选C。8.B考查形容词。A.happy开心的；B.lonely孤独的；C.satisfied满意的；D.confident自信的。他坐在那儿，陷入沉思，在陌生的城市孤苦伶仃。故选B。9.D考查动词短语。A.growup成长，长大；B.breakdown出现故障；C.liedown躺下；D.settledown11\n定居，解决。此处是指他试图在一个新的国家定居下来，故选D。10.B考查名词。A.officer长官；B.stranger陌生人；C.friend朋友；D.passenger乘客。电话响了，根据后文提示可知，是一个陌生人，故选B。11.A考查连词。A.Then然后；B.So因此；C.But但是；D.Yet但是。在问了我丈夫一系列问题之后，然后他说他们在垃圾桶里找到了一堆文件，故选A。12.C考查引导词。A.where在哪；B.what什么；C.that那个；D.it它。句意：然后他说他们在一个被遗弃在人行道上的垃圾桶里有一堆文件。此处为定语从句，先行词是trashcan，从句缺少主语，故用that来引导。选C。13.B考查动词。A.moved移动；B.rushed冲；C.skated滑；D.wandered闲逛。我的丈夫知道这个消息肯定很高兴，故应该是速度很快，恨不得飞去，只有rush这个词能描述，故选B。14.A考查形容词。A.unfamiliar不熟悉的；B.favorite喜欢的；C.similar相似的；D.expensive昂贵的。他们的小女儿之前在垃圾桶里找到了一堆不熟悉的材料，故选A。15.D考查形容词。A.suitable合适的；B.flexible灵活的；C.convenient方便的；D.foreign外国的。尽管他们发现大多数的材料上都是外国地址，但是很小心的进行了分类，因为我的丈夫是外国人，故选D。16.B考查名词。A.e-mail邮件；B.letter信件；C.paragraph段落；D.essay文章。因为是准备写给朋友的，而且是放在文件里，故是纸质的信件，letter。V.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Janehadtwolittleboysaged8to10.Theyweresonaughty1theywerealwaysgettingintotrouble.Janeheardthataclergyman(牧师)2townwassuccessfulinteachingchildren.SoJaneaskedhimtotalkwithher3(boy).Theclergymanagreed4askedtoseetheboysonebyone.Janesenther8-year-oldboy5(see)theclergyman11\nfirstinthemorning.Theclergyman,abigman,6(sit)theyoungerboydownandaskedinaseriousvoice,＂WhereisGod?＂7boy’smouthwaswideopen,buthemadenoanswer.Thentheclergymanrepeatedthequestioneven8(serious).＂WhereisGod?＂Againtheboymadenoanswer.Sotheclergymanshoutedangrily＂WHEREISGOD?＂Theboycriedout.Heescapedfromtheroomandrandirectlyhome.Herushedintohisbedroomandshutthedoor9(hurry)behindhim.Whenhisolderbrotherfoundhim,heasked,＂Whathappened?＂Theyoungerbrotherrepliedina10(frighten)voice,＂WeareinBIGtroublethistime.GodismissingandtheythinkWEdidit!＂【文章大意】文章讲述了Jane的两个儿子非常淘气经常惹麻烦，于是她请求牧师教育她的孩子，结果牧师的提问把8岁的男孩吓得跑回家的故事。4.but【解析】考查连词。此处指Jane要求牧师和她的两个儿子谈一谈，牧师同意了但要求一个一个地谈。前后句是转折，故填but。5.tosee【解析】考查不定式。sendsb.todosth.＂派某人去做某事＂，动词用不定式，故填tosee。6.sat【解析】考查时态。故事发生在过去，此处和and后的asked时态一致，也用过去时。故填sat。7.The【解析】考查冠词。此处特指第一个进去的8岁的男孩，故填定冠词The。8.moreseriously【解析】考查副词比较级。此处表示和上一次问问题相比，且有表示程度的词even修饰，用比较级。故填moreseriously。11\n9.hurriedly【解析】考查副词。此处修饰动词shut用副词，指匆忙关上门。故填hurriedly。10.frightened【解析】考查形容词。根据空前的a和空后的voice可知，此处用形容词，指男孩用受惊吓的声音回答哥哥的问题。frightened＂受惊吓的＂，故填frightened。VI.短文改错(每小题1分，共10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Alittlekidfellintothelakewhileshewasplayingwithherlittlefriends.Theyweretoofrighteningtoknowwhattodonext.Unfortunately,aprettyladyandamanpassedbyandsawthedrowninggirl.Themanimmediatedivedintothewaterandtookthegirltothebankandatasametime,theladycalledtheambulanceontime.Beforetheambulancecame,thelady,whoprovedtobeanurse,performingfirstaidtothekid.Afewofminuteslater,thekidsenttothenearesthospitalandfinallysaved.Thestoryisagoodexamplewherefirstaidcanmakealotofdifferences.Fromit,weknowitisnecessarytoknowbasicfirstaidskillssothatwecanbebetterpreparingforanemergency.【答案】Alittlekidfellintothelakewhileshewasplayingwithherlittlefriends.Theyweretootoknowwhattodonext.,aprettyladyandamanpassedbyandsawthedrowninggirl.Themandivedintothewaterandtookthegirltothebankandatsametime,theladycalledtheambulancetime.Beforetheambulancecame,thelady,11\nwhoprovedtobeanurse,firstaidtothekid.Afewminuteslater,thekidsenttothenearesthospitalandfinallysaved.Thestoryisagoodexamplewherefirstaidcanmakealotof.Fromit,weknowitisnecessarytoknowbasicfirstaidskillssothatwecanbebetterforanemergency.【解析】第一处：frightening→frightened根据语境，这里是修饰人，指人感到害怕，所以应用frightened。第二处：Unfortunately→Fortunately根据语境，这里是说＂幸运的是＂，所以应用Fortunately。第三处：immediate→immediately修饰动词应用副词，故用immediately。第七处：去掉Afew后的ofafew意为＂几个＂，修饰可数名词复数，故去掉of。第八处：sent前加was根据句意，这个孩子被送往最近的医院，send与主语为被动关系，应用被动语态，且此处为过去发生的事情，故在sent前加was。第九处：differences→differencemakealotofdifference意为＂有很大影响，意义重大＂。第十处：preparing→preparedbewellpreparedfor＂为……做好准备＂，故preparing改为prepared。11
