生态环保类阅读理解（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）班级：____________姓名：____________座号：____________得分：____________I.单项填空(每小题1分，共10分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—Nancydoesn’tlookverywell.What’swrongwithher?—Shehasaterribleheadachebecauseshe__________toolong.Sheshouldstoptohaveagoodrest.A.hasbeenworkingB.hadworkedC.isworkingD.wasworking【答案】A2.Expertswarnthatglobalwarmingwillcauseextremeclimatechangesincludingmore__________floods,heatwavesanddroughts.A.usualB.ordinaryC.frequentD.common【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：专家警告说，全球变暖导致气候的变化包括频繁的洪灾，热浪和干旱。A.usual通常的；B.ordinary平常的，普通的；C.frequent频繁的；D.common常见的。故选C。3.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothenearestWenfengSupermarket?—OK.It’stwoblocksstraightahead.You__________missit.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——您好，能告诉我如何才能到最近的文峰超市？——好的，就在前面两个街区，你不会错过的。can’t表示有把握的否定推测，表示“不可能”；Mustn’t表示“禁止，千万不能”；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。故选A。4—Whynottalkwithyourparentsaboutyourwillingnesstoattend2022PekingUniversitySummer11\nCamp?—Itried__________togetthemtolistentome.A.intimeB.invainC.inneedD.incase【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语。句意：——为什么不告诉你的父母关于你想参加2022北京大学夏令营的事？——我试着说服让他们听我的，但没用。A.intime及时；B.invain白费地；徒劳无益地；无效果的；C.inneed需要；D.incase假使，万一。5.—HowdidyoufindyourtriptoWaterParkinthesummerof2022?—Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas________thanIexpected.A.evenmuchinterestingB.farmoreinterestingC.sofarinterestingD.farfrominteresting【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。根据后面的“thanIexpected”可知，此处运用比较级moreinteresting，而far可以修饰比较级。故选B。6.______heisrememberedforishishumorousstylewhenheistalking.A.WhereB.ThatC.WhatD.How【答案】C7.––DoyoumindifIgooutthisevening?—Idon’tmindwhatyoudo______youletmeknowaheadoftime.A.eversinceB.incaseC.aslongasD.eventhough【答案】C11\n8.Withoutourteam'sgreateffort,theartexhibitionlastweek________suchagreatsuccess.A.wouldn'tbeB.won'tbeC.wouldn'thavebeenD.won'thavebeen【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是没有我们团队的极大努力，上周我们的展览就不会是这样的成功。本句运用了虚拟语气，根据lastweek可知，是对故去事情的推测，句子谓语动词用would/couldhavedone…故选C。9.Marywaspleasedtoseethattheseedsshe________inthegardenweregrowing.A.wasplantingB.hasplantedC.wouldplantD.hadplanted【答案】D【解析】考查时态。句意：玛丽高兴地看到她在花园里种的种子正在生长。定语从句的谓语动作发生于主句谓语动词之前，所以用过去完成时。故选D。10.__________hislove,Chrissenthismomathank-younoteonMother'sDay.A.ExpressingB.ExpressedC.ToexpressD.Havingexpressed【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语。句意：为了表达他的爱，在母亲节这一天，Chris给他的妈妈送了一张感谢卡。此处运用不定式作目的状语。故选C。II.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。SincethefirstEarthDayin1970,Americanshavegottenalot"greener"towardtheenvironment(环境)."Wedidn'tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,"saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement."Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany,manytimes,"saysGaylordNelson,theformergovernorfromWisconsin,whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.11\nAccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions(排放)fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5milliontons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith,theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof"greenthinking"hasbecomepartofpractices.Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recycling(回收利用) programs;todayin1995thereareabout6,600.Advancedlights,motors,andbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.Twenty-fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it'shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram."Untilwedothat,nothingelsewillchange!"saysBruceAnderson.1.AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout________.A.thesocialmovementB.recyclingtechniquesC.environmentalproblemsD.theimportanceofEarthDay2.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?A.Thegrass-rootslevel.B.Thebusinesscircle.C.Governmentofficials.D.Universityprofessors.3.WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?A.Theyhavecutcaremissionstothelowest.B.Theyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblems.C.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.4.Whatisespeciallyimportantforenvironmentalprotectionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Education.B.Planning.C.Greenliving.D.COreduction.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，介绍环保意识在美国从无到有，逐渐增强，环保教育势在必行。11\n3.D【解析】考查推理判断。依据第二段后半部分推断，美国政府多管齐下，污染问题大为缓解。A项错在lowest，B项错在havesettled，C项错在forty。4.A【解析】考查推理判断。依据最后一段内容推断，环保意识教育至关重要。＂人与自然和谐发展＂是时代的主题，生态环保的话题也越来越多地出现在新试题中。在命题方面有以下趋势：1.题材：强调人与自然和谐发展。2.选材：关注人、自然的生态现状和未来发展。3.命题：形式多样，突出整体理解，合理推断。III.完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Tenyearsago,adoctortoldmesomethingwaswrongwithmylungandIhadtogiveupworkatonceandwenttobed.Iwastotally 1 andfeltIwassuddenlyplacedunder 2 ofdeathwithanindefinitereprieve(缓刑).Aftercarefulthought,I 3 myaffairs;thenIwenthomeandgotintobed.But2yearslater,Ileftmybedand 4 thelongclimbback.Itwasanotheryear 5 Imadeit.Ispeakofthisexperiencebecausethesepastyearshave 6 mewhattovalueandwhattobelieve.I 7 nowthatthisworldisnotmyoyster(牡蛎)tobeopenedbutmy 8 tobegrasped.I’vealsolearnedthatit’snecessaryto 9 thoselittle,all-importantthingsIneverthoughtIwould 10 before:themusicofthewindinmyfavoritepinetree,the 11 ofsunlightonrunningwater.Iseemnow,withsomeofthe 12 freshnessofchildhood,tohearandsee.Howwell, 13 ,IrecallthetouchoftheearththedayIfirststeppeduponitaftertheyearsinbed.Itwaslike 14 one’scitizenshipinaworldonehadnearlylost.Frequently,I 15 myselfthatIneedmakenotesofthis 16 I’mlivinginnow,becauseinitI’mwell, 17 ,doingwhatIlikebest.Itwon’talwaysbelikethis, 18 I’ll11\nmakethemostofitandbegrateful.I 19 allthistothatlongtimespentinbed.Wiserpeoplecometothis 20 withouthavingtoacquireitthehardway.ButIwasn’twiseenough.I’mwisernow,alittle,andhappier.1.A.confusedB.shockedC.inspiredD.annoyed2.A.trialB.pressureC.sentenceD.control3.A.madeupB.setupC.tookupD.clearedup4.A.recalledB.beganC.avoidedD.accepted5.A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.before6.A.assignedB.taughtC.treatedD.assured7.A.admitB.demandC.expectD.realize8.A.knowledgeB.opportunityC.attentionD.point9.A.dismissB.listC.defineD.appreciate10.A.noticeB.recordC.rememberD.track11.A.shadowB.shakeC.playD.feeling12.A.damagedB.recoveredC.fadedD.changed13.A.incontrastB.inreturnC.forinstanceD.bychance14.A.maintainingB.regainingC.discoveringD.forgetting15.A.remindB.promiseC.adviseD.convince16.A.countryB.momentC.memoryD.inspiration17.A.pleasedB.courageousC.confidentD.strong18.A.meanwhileB.otherwiseC.howeverD.therefore19.A.applyB.oweC.contributeD.adapt20.A.awarenessB.agreementC.commentD.compromise【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一场重病让作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的东西。因此他对自己当下所拥有的倍加珍惜，并心存感激。11\n2.C作者突然觉得自己好像是被判了死缓一样。根据语境尤其是下文的"withanindefinitereprieve(缓刑)"可知，此处应选sentence"宣判，判刑"。undersentenceofdeath"被判处死刑"。3.D仔细思考之后，作者把手头的事务处理掉，然后回家了。根据上文中的"Ihadtogiveupworkatonceandwenttobed"可知，clearup"解决，清理"符合语境。makeup"组成，编造"；setup"设立"；takeup"开始从事，占据"。4.B两年后，作者离开了病床，开始(began)了漫长的重回之前的生活状态的"攀登"。recall"回忆起"；avoid"避免"；accept"接受"。5.D过了一年，作者就做到了。Itwas/is+一段时间+before...是固定句型，意为"过了……才/就……"。6.B作者谈及这段经历是因为那些过去的岁月教会(taught)了作者应该珍惜什么，相信什么。assign"分配，分派"；treat"招待"；assure"使确信"。7.D现在作者意识到(realize)这个世界不是等待他去打开的牡蛎，而是需要他去抓住的机会。admit"承认"；expect"期待，期望"。8.B参见上题解析。grasptheopportunity"抓住机会"，是固定搭配。knowledge"知识"；attention"注意力"；point"观点"。12.B作者重新找回了童年时期看待事物的新鲜感。recovered"重新获得的，重新找到的"，符合语境。13.C比如，回想起自己卧床两年后重新踏上这片土地的感觉有多好。forinstance"比如，例如"，符合语境。incontrast"相反"；inreturn"作为回报"；bychance"偶然地"。14.B这就像在一个差点失去的世界中重新获得公民身份一样。regain"重新得到"和下文的"lost"相对应。maintain"维持"；discover"发现"；forget"忘记"。15.A作者经常提醒自己要记下这个自己现在生活的时刻，因为活在此刻，作者是健康且快乐的，而且能做自己最喜欢做的事情。remind"提醒"，符合语境。promise"许诺，允诺"；convince"使相信"。16.B参见上题解析。moment"时刻"；inspiration"灵感"。17.Apleased"快乐的，高兴的"；courageous"勇敢的"；confident"自信的"；strong"坚强的"。下文中的"I’mwisernow，alittle，andhappier"亦是提示。11\n18.D它不会总是如这般存在，因此作者会充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之间是因果关系，故用therefore。meanwhile"与此同时"；otherwise"否则"；however"然而"。19.B作者将这一切都归功于他卧病在床的那段漫长时光。owe...to..."把……归功于……"，是固定用法。20.A更有智慧的人无需被困到如此境地也能明白这些道理。awareness"意识，明白"符合语境。compromise"妥协"。IV.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthelate19thcentury,Europechangedagreatdealfromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostly 1 (industry)one.Manypeoplemovedfromthecountrysidetothenewcities.Thereweremanynewinventionsand 2 (society)changes.Naturally,thesechangesalso 3 (lead)tonewpaintingstyles.Amongthepainters 4 (break)awayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting 5 theImpressionists,wholivedandworkedinParis.TheImpressionistswerethefirstpainterstoworkoutdoors.Theywereeagertoshowhowlightandshadowfell 6 objectsatdifferenttimesofday. 7 ,becausenaturallightchangessoquickly,theImpressionistshadtopaintquickly.Theirpaintingswerenotas 8 (detail)asthoseofearlierpainters.Atfirst,manypeopledislikedthisstyleofpaintingandbecamevery 9 (anger)aboutit.Theysaidthatthepainterswere 10 (care)andtheirpaintingswereridiculous.【文章大意】文章介绍欧洲16世纪末期，从农业化生产转变成工业化生产，其他一些事情也发生着变化，出现了印象派绘画。4.whobroke/breaking11\n【解析】thepainters后面是定语，可以用定语从句，用who引导，谓语用一般过去时，如果用非谓语动词作定语，用现在分词，因为thepainters和breakawayfrom是主动关系。故填whobroke/breaking。5.were【解析】这句话是倒装句，主语是theImpressionists，be动词用复数，而且文章使用一般过去时。故填were。6.on【解析】词组fallon落在……上。故填on。7.However【解析】根据下文“becausenaturallightchangessoquickly,theImpressionistshadtopaintquickly.”（因为自然光变化太快，所以这些印象派画家不得不快速地画画），和上文是转折关系。因为横线后有逗号，所以用副词。故填However。V.短文改错(每小题1分，共10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Once,whenlwasateenager,myfatherandlwerestandinginlinetobuyticketsforthecircus.Finally,therewasonlyonefamilyamongusandtheticketcounter.11\nThisfamilymadedeepimpressiononme.Therewereeightchildren,bothprobablyundertheageoftwelve.Youcouldtelltheydidn'thavealotofmoney.Theirclotheswasnotexpensive,andtheywereclean.Thechildrenwerewell-behaved,allofusstandinginline,two-by-twobehindtheirparents,heldhands.Theywereexcitedlytalkingabouttheclowns,elephantsandanotherperformanceswherethattheywouldseethatnight. Everyonecouldsensetheyhaveneverbeentothecircusbefore.【答案】Once,whenIwasateenager,myfatherandIwerestandinginlinetobuyticketsforthecircus.Finally,therewasonlyonefamily usandtheticketcounter.Thisfamilymade deepimpressiononme.Therewereeightchildren, probablyundertheageoftwelve.Youcouldtelltheydidn'thavealotofmoney.Theirclothes notexpensive, theywereclean.Thechildrenwerewell-behaved,allof standinginline,two-by-twobehindtheirparents, hands.Theywereexcitedlytalkingabouttheclowns,elephantsand performances thattheywouldseethatnight. Everyonecouldsensethey neverbeentothecircusbefore.【文章大意】这篇短文中作者主要介绍了自己在售票处见到的一家人。第四处：was改为were。前文clothes表示复数含义，故此处be动词用复数。第五处：and改为but。句意：他们的衣服不贵，但是很干净。上下文之间是转折关系，故用转折连词but。第六处：us改为them。联系前半句可知此处人称代词指的是那些孩子们。故用第三人称复数形式。此处作介词of的宾语，故用宾格形式。第七处：held改为holding。此处hold和句子主语thechildren为主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。11\n第八处：another改为other。句意：他们兴奋地谈论着小丑，大象和其它的表演。another再，又，多个中的另一个；other其它的，另外的。第九处：去掉where。此处为定语从句，先行词为“theclowns,elephantsandotherperformances”，故引导词用that。第十处：have改为had。句意：每个人都能感觉出来他们以前没有去过马戏团。当主句为一般过去时态时，宾语从句中一般也要用某种过去的时态。根据主句谓语动词“couldsense”可知从句中应该用过去完成时态。11
