2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（23）李仕才AIfyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmaycomeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1,000joggersandnon-joggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogatamoderatepacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon-joggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(动脉).Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries.PeterSchnohr,aresearcherinCopenhagen,said,“Ifyourgoalistodecreaseriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy,joggingafewtimesaweekatamoderatepaceisagoodstrategy.Anythingmoreisjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful.”Theimplicationsofthisarethatmoderateformsofexercisesuchastaichi,yogaandbriskwalkingmaybebetterforusthan“ironman”events,triathlonsandlong-distancerunningandcycling.AccordingtoJacobLouisMarott,anotherresearcherinvolvedinthestudy,“Youdon’tactuallyhavetodothatmuchtohaveagoodimpactonyourhealth.Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch.”1.Theunderlinedword“strenuous”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto“ ”. A.hardB.regularC.practicalD.flexible12\n答案:A解析:词义猜测题。此处指像马拉松一样的锻炼,所以strenuous应与hard意思相近,表示“艰苦的,费力的”。regular“定时的”;practical“实用的”;flexible“灵活的”。2.TheauthorpresentssomefiguresinParagraph2to . A.suggestgivingupjoggingB.showrisksofdoingsportsC.providesupportiveevidenceD.introducetheresearchprocess答案:C解析:写作目的题。作者在第二段中采用了列数字的方法,是为了提供支持的证据,能更有力地说明第一段的研究结论。3.Accordingtothescientists,whyistoomuchexerciseharmful?A.Itmayinjuretheheartandarteries.B.Itcanmakethebodytiredout.C.Itwillbringmuchpressure.D.Itconsumestoomuchenergy.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句“Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries.Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries.”可知,剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉结构发生变化,从而有损健康。4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Joggingisthebestexercise.B.Moreexercisemeansahealthierlife.C.Marathonrunnersareleastlikelytodie.D.Properexercisecontributestogoodhealth.答案:D解析:推理判断题。根据最后两段可知,过度锻炼不仅没有必要,而且还可能有害,适当的锻炼会有助于健康。B12\n(2022·齐鲁名校高三第一次联考)Thesedaysagreenbuildingmeansmorethanjustthecolorofthepaint.Greenbuildingscanalsorefertoenvironmentallyfriendlyhouses，factories，andoffices.Greenbuildingmeans“reducingtheeffectofthebuildingontheland”，TarynHolowkaoftheU．S.GreenBuildingCouncil(评议会)inWashington，D.C.，said.AccordingtoHolowka，buildingaccountsfor65percentoftotalU．S.electricityuse.Butgreenbuildingscanreduceenergyandwateruse.Also，thebuildingsareoftenlocatednearpublictransportationsuchasbusesandsubways，sothatpeoplecandrivetheircarsless.Thatcouldbegoodfortheenvironment，becausecarsuselotsofgasandgiveoffpollution.Greenbuildingsareoftenbuiltondevelopedland，sothatthebuildingsdon’tdestroyforests.MartyDettlingisprojectmanagerforabuildingthatputstheseideasintoaction.TheSolairehasbeencalledthecountry’sfirstgreenhighrisebuilding.AccordingtoDettling，“We’vereducedourenergyusebyonethirdandourwaterby50percent.”TheSolairecutsenergyinpartbyusingsolarpower.“Onthefaceofthebuildingwehavesolarpanels(光板)whichchangethesun’senergyintoelectricity，”Dettlingexplained.TheSolairealsohaslightsthatautomaticallyturnoffwhenpeopleleavetheroom.Inaddition，thebuildinghaslotsofwindows，allowingpeopletousethesunforlightduringtheday.TheSolairecutswaterbyreusingit.Noteveryoneiseagertomoveintoagreenbuilding，however.Somepeoplethinkthatthingslikesolarpanelscostmoremoneythanmoretraditionalenergysources.Anyhow，Holowkasaid，“It’sgoingtobebig.”12\n【解题导语】 本文介绍了绿色建筑。在建筑的寿命周期内，最大限度地节约资源(节能、节地、节水、节材)、保护环境和减少污染，为人们提供健康、适用和高效的使用空间，与自然和谐共处。1．Agreenbuildingmeans________.A．abuildingthatusesnoelectricityB．abuildingthatsavesenergyandwaterC．abuildingoccupyinglesslandD．agreencoloredbuilding解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三段第一句，绿色建筑为节约能源和水的环保建筑。2．Agreenbuildingisoftenbuiltonanareaofland________.A．whichhasalreadybeenforbuildingsB．whichhasthickforestsaroundC．wherepeopleofhighincomeliveD．wheretravelingaroundbycarismostconvenient解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，绿色建筑常建在已经开发过的土地上，以便不再毁坏森林。3．WhenHolowkasaysinthelastparagraph，“It’sgoingtobebig”，shemeansthatgreenbuildings________. A．willbemorecomfortableB．willbemoreenvironmentallyfriendlyC．willbecomepopularinfutureD．willtaketheplaceoftraditionalbuildings解析：选C。推理判断题。根据语境可推知绿色建筑是今后的发展方向，从长远来看将会普及、流行。4．Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?A．DettlingdesignedthefirstgreenbuildingintheU．S.12\nB．Energyshortagecallsforbuildingsofnewdesign.C．TheSolaireservesasamodelofhighbuildings.D．Greenbuildingshelpsavetheenvironment.解析：选D。文章大意题。从全文来看，本文主要话题是“绿色建筑有助于环保、节能”。CHIGHFIELDCOMPREHENSIVESCHOOLSCHOOLREPORTFormTeacher：G.Baker Pupil'sName：SimonWatkinsTerm：Summer2022 Form：ⅣBSubjectExamClassworkCommentsEnglish5961Simonhasreachedasatisfactorystandardbutnowneedstoapplyhimselfwithmoredetermination.Mathematics7785Soundworkandprogressthroughouttheyear.Welldone！History4653Adisappointingexamresult.Heisunabletogiveattentiontothissubjectforlong.Chemistry7885Hisobviousabilityinthesubjectwasnotfullyreflectedinhisexamwork,butIhavehighhopesforhimnevertheless.Physics8694Anexcellentterm'sperformance.Hegoesfromstrengthtostrength.Abornscientist,Ifeel.Biology5760Thistimenextyearhewillbetakingthe“0”exam.Heneedstoconcentrateonthework,notonclass12\nconversation.French4146Clearlyhedidn'tbothertorevise.Hisgeneralattitudeisfartoocasual.PhysicalEducation/31Weak.It'stimeheexercisedhisbodymoreandhisvoiceless.Heshouldtrytoworkwithateam.FORMTEACHER'SREMARKSHEADMASTERBasicallysatisfactoryworkandprogressthoughhewillnowhaverealized.Ihopethatincertainsubjectareasheneedstomakespeedyimprovement.Ishallbekeepinganeyeonhisprogressinhisweakersubjectsthoughhissuccessinthesciencesismostpleasing.1.AccordingtothecommentsofthePhysicalEducationteacher,Simon________.A.istootalkativeintheclassB.likestoworkwithhisclassmatesC.doesn'texercisehisbodyattherighttimeD.becomesweakbecausehedoesn'texerciseatall2.WhichofSimon'ssubjectswillattracttheheadmaster'sattentioninfuture?A.BiologyandMaths.B.HistoryandFrench.C.EnglishandChemistry.D.PhysicsandPhysicalEducation.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesSimon?A.Hehasmadegreatprogressinlanguageclasses.B.Hispotentialhasbeenfullyreflectedinscienceclasses.C.Hisgradeinmathsmakeshimabornscientist.D.Heneedstoimprovehisattitudeoncertainsubjects.12\n4.Basedontheschoolreport,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Simondidn'tbotherhisteachertoreviseFrench.B.Basically,Simondidagoodjobinscience.C.SimonisadeterminedlearnerinEnglish.D.Simonisabletopayattentiontohistoryforlong.1．解析：选A 细节理解题。根据PhysicalEducation老师评语中的“It'stimeheexercisedhisbodymoreandhisvoiceless.”可知Simon上课时身体动的少，爱说话。故选A。2．解析：选B 细节理解题。根据HEADMASTER评语中的“keepinganeyeonhisprogressinhisweakersubjects”可知老师希望SimonWatkins关注弱科的进步，并且根据成绩看History和French的分数最低，故选B。3．解析：选D 推理判断题。根据从历史、生物、体育老师的评语可知Simon需要改进学习态度。故选D。4．解析：选B 推理判断题。根据各科成绩及老师的评语可知，Mathematics和Physics的成绩和老师的评价都不错。故选B。D(2022·辽宁丹东名校协作体联考)Buildingacompanywebsiteisoneofthemostimportantpartsofcreatingasuccessfulbusiness.Butdesigningawebsitecanbetimeconsumingandexpensive.Webdesignersaredifficulttoworkwith,eventhoughyou’repayingthem.Therearecheaperwaystoestablishyourcompanyonline,andWix.comstandsoutamongthem.Wix.comoffersfreeHTML5andFlashwebsitedesignthatyoucandoonyourown，withouthavingtopayapriceywebdesigner.Withunlimitedspaceforasmanypagesasyouwant,customizedlooks,photogalleries,blogplatformcapabilities,andsocialnetworkingbuttons,Wix.comhaseverythingabusinessofanysizeneedstomakeanimpact12\nonline.Yougetfullcontroloverwhatinformationfillsintheblanks,andyoudon’thavetoknowathingaboutHTMLtomakethiswork.Thewayyourwebsitelookssaysalotaboutyourcompany.Wix.comdoesthat,anditdoesitforfree.AnotherthingthatmakesWix.comthemostaffordableoptionincreatingawebsiteisthatyoudon’thavetopayforaseparatewebhost—everypagecreatedonWix.comishostedonWix.com,freeofcharge.TheInternetisthemarketplaceofideas:Yourcompanyneedstosharewhatyouthink.Ifyouthinkjustbecauseyoudon’tsellaproductonlineyoudon’tneedawebsite,you’redeadwrong.Nomatterwhatkindofbusinessyouhave,ifyouwanttoreachanaudience,youwanttohaveawebsitethatspeakstopeople.Wix.comletsyoudothatasquicklyandeasilyaspossibleforfree.Ifyouhaveabiggerbudget,Wix.comhasmoreoptionsthanjustthefreewebsitedesign.Youcanchoosetoupgrade(升级)totheadlessversionwhichwon’tfillupyourcustomers’screenswhentheyvisityoursite.Butifthemostimportantthingtoyouisgettingyourcompany’snameonlinerightnow,tryWix.comtoday.【解题导语】 本文介绍了一个网络平台Wix.com，通过该平台人们可以免费或低成本设计公司的网站。1．Wix.comismeantto________.A．sellproductsontheInternetB．attractmorecustomersonlineC．buildacompany’swebsitecheapD．collectanypossibleinformation解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Therearecheaperwaystoestablishyourcompanyonline，andWix.comstandsoutamongthem.”可知，Wix.com用低成本建公司网站。2.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?12\nA．Waysoffindingfreeservice.B．AdvantagesofWix.com.C．Skillsofcreatingwebsites.D．Tricksofrunningacompany.解析：选B。段落大意题。第二段主要介绍了Wix.com的优点，如：它可以提供给用户免费的HTML5和Flash网站设计、无限的网页空间等。3．IfyoucreateacompanywebsiteonWix.com,you________. A．havetobeagoodwebdesignerB．won’tdoiteasilyandquicklyC．canshareideaswithcustomersD．mustupgradetotheadlessversion解析：选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“TheInternetisthemarketplaceofideas：Yourcompanyneedstosharewhatyouthink.”及最后两句“Nomatterwhatkind...youwanttohaveawebsitethatspeakstopeople.Wix.comletsyoudothatasquicklyandeasilyaspossibleforfree.”可知，如果你在Wix.com上建一个公司网站，你就可以与顾客分享想法。4．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toteachabudgetlesson.B．Tomakeanadvertisement.C．Topresentawebsitedesign.D．Tointroduceanewbusiness.解析：选B。写作意图题。本文主要是在为Wix.com做广告，介绍它的服务内容及优点，让人们使用该平台。文章的最后一句更明确地表明了作者的写作意图。EBeijing’sForbiddenCityisaplacefullofwonder.Fromitsthousandsofroomsto12\nitsmanybeautifulartifacts,there’snowonderit’soneofChina’smostpopulartouristdestinations.Butevenmorethan600yearsafteritwasbuilt,it’sstillmanagingtoserveupsurprises.SinceitwasbuiltduringtheMingDynasty,it’sestimatedthattheForbiddenCityhassurvivedmorethan200earthquakes.Andwhilemoststructuresaren’tmadetosurvivenaturaldisasters,letaloneonesbuilthundredsofyearsago,itseemsthattheForbiddenCitywasbuilttowithstandanything.ArecenttelevisiondocumentarybyUKbroadcasterChannel4exploredtheskillsoftheancientbuilding’sdesigners.AgroupofChinesecarpentersandengineerswereshownbuildingascalemodel(成比例模型)ofoneoftheForbiddenCity’spalaces,atonefifthofthesize.ToshowhowstrongancientChinesearchitecturereallyis,themodelwasputtothetest.Itwassubjectedtoasimulated(模拟的)earthquakeof9.5ontheRichterscale–equivalenttothelargesteverrecordedquake–andsurvived.Insteadoffallingapart,themodelwasjustmovedgentlyduringthetest.Accordingtoexperts,theanswertotheForbiddenCity’sstrength,aswellasotherancientChinesestructures’,liesindougong–acenturies-oldbuildingmethodinventedinChina.Thisisthenameforspecialbracketsonbuildings.Despitebeingheldtogetherwithoutanynailsorglue,thebracketsareperfectatkeepingstructurestogetherwhentheweathergetsrough.“Dougongdesignisanimportantearthquake-resistantfeatureofclassicalChinesestructuresbecausetheframeworkchangesinshapewhenunderpressure,muchliketheshockabsorbers(减震器)ofacar,”accordingtoChineseNationalGeography.“AncientChinesecraftsmencreatedstructuresthatwerebothenduringandaesthetically(在美学方面)pleasingusingdougong,revealingtheiradvancedunderstandingofmathematics,architecture,materials,andstructuralscience.”TheForbiddenCitydrawsvisitorsbecauseofitsrichhistoryandculturalsignificance,butperhapsitshouldaddonemorethingtoitslistofattractions:earthquakeshelter.1.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?12\nA.WhathasmadetheForbiddenCityapopulartouristdestination.B.WhathashelpedtheForbiddenCitysurvivesomanyearthquakes.C.ThecharacteristicsofChinesearchitectureduringtheMingDynasty.D.AvarietyofbuildingmethodsusedinancientChinesestructures.2.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“wassubjectedto”inParagraph4?A.sufferedB.wascontrolledbyC.obeyedD.wasaffectedby3.WhatwastheaimofthetestintheUKdocumentary?A.ToreproducearealearthquakefromtheMingDynasty.B.Todiscoveralong-lostChinesebuildingmethodC.Toexplaintheimpactofearthquakesonancientbuildings.D.ToprovethestrengthofancientChinesearchitecture.4.Whatis“dougong”accordingtothetext?A.ApaintthatgivesChinesebuildingsanattractivelook.B.Atoolusedbyancientpeopletomeasureearth-quakes.C.SpecialbuildingpartsthatkeepatraditionalChinesebuildingtogether,D.AbuildingpiecelocatedinthecenterofatraditionalChinesehouse.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它能够在多次地震中幸存。1.B【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是倒数第二段中的“Dougongdesignisanimportantearthquake-resistantfeatureofclassicalChinesestructuresbecausetheframeworkchangesinshapewhenunderpressure”可知，紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它能够在多次地震中幸存。3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ToshowhowstrongancientChinesearchitecturereallyis,themodelwasputtothetest.12\n”可知，测试的目的是证明中国古建筑的抗震性。4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“dougong–acenturies-oldbuildingmethodinventedinChina.Thisisthenameforspecialbracketsonbuildings.”可知，斗拱是连接中国传统建筑物的一个特殊部件。12
