2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（5）李仕才A＂Iseeyou’vegotabitofwateronyourcoat,’’saidthemanatthepetrolstation.‘‘Isitrainingoutthere?’’‘‘No.it’sprettynice,＂Ireplied,checkingmysleeve.＂Oh,right.Apony(马驹)bitmeearlier.＂Asithappened,thebitewasvirtuallypainless:morethekindofsmallbiteyoumightgetfromanaughtychild.TheponyresponsiblewasqueuingupforsomeicecreaminthecarparknearHaytor,andperhapsthoughtI’djumpedinaheadofhim.ThereasonwhytheponiesherearenaughtyisthatHaytorisatourist—heavyareaandtouristsareconstantlyfeedingtheponiesfoods,despitesignsaskingthemnotto.Byfeedingtheponies,touristsincreasetheriskofthemgettinghitbyacar,andmakethemhardertogatherduringthearea’sannualponydrift(迁移).Thepurposeofaponydriftistogatherthemupsotheirhealthcanbechecked,thebabyonescanbestoppedfromfeedingontheirmothers’milk,andthosewho’vegonebeyondtheirlimitedareacanbereturnedtotheircorrectarea.Someofthemarealsolatersold,inordertolimitthenumberofponiesaccordingtotherulessetbyNaturalEngland.Threeweeksago,Iwitnessedasmallnear—disasterafewmileswestofhere.Whilewalking,Inoticedaponyrolloveronhisback.＂Hello!＂Isaidtohim,assuminghewasjustrollingforfun,buthewasverystilland,asIgotcloser,Isawhimkickinghislegsintheairandbreathingheavily.Ibegantoproperlyworry.abouthim.Fortunately,ImanagedtogetintouchwithaDartmoor’sLivestockProtectionofficerandsendheraphoto.Theofficerimmediatelysentalocalfarmerouttocheckonthepony.Theponyhadactuallybeentrappedbetweentworocks.Thefarmerfreedhim,andhebegantorunhappilyaroundagain.Dartmoorhas1,000orsoponies,whoplayacriticalroleincreatingthediversityofspeciesinthisarea.Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies,andtryingtocomeupwithplanstofindasustainable(可持续的)futureforoneofDartmoor’smostfinancially—troubledelements.12\n1.Whyaretouristsaskednottofeedtheponies?A.Toprotectthetouristsfrombeingbitten.B.Tokeeptheponiesoffthepetrolstation.C.Toavoidputtingtheponiesindanger.D.Topreventtheponiesfromfighting.2.Oneofthepurposesoftheannualponydriftis_________.A.tofeedbabyponiesonmilkB.tocontrolthenumberofponiesC.toexpandthehabitatforponiesD.toselltheponiesatagoodprice3.Whatwastheauthor’sfirstreactionwhenhesawaponyrollonitsback?A.Hefreeditfromthetrap.B.Hecalledaprotectionofficer.C.Heworriedaboutitverymuch.D.Hethoughtofitasbeingnaughty.4.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthepreservationofDartmoor’sponies?A.Itlackspeople’sinvolvement.B.Itcostsalargeamountofmoney.C.ItwillaffecttourisminDartmoor.D.Ithascausedanimbalanceofspecies.【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文记叙了作者在Haytor关于马驹的所见所闻，目睹了马驹的淘气与脆弱，了解了马驹迁徙的原因以及保护马驹面临的困难。2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容＂Thepurposeofaponydriftisto…Someofthemarealso…,inordertolimitthenumberofponies…＂可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的＂…,assuminghewasjustrollingfor12\nfun,…＂可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中尾句＂Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies,andtryingtocomeupwithplanstofindasustainable(可持续的)futureforoneofDartmoor’smostfinancially-troubledelements.＂可知保护马驹对Dartmoor来说是最费钱的事情之一。故选B项。B(2022·河北衡水中学高三第二次模拟考试)ThelasttimeIsawhimwas12yearsago.Twelveyearshaspassed,andIstillremembereatingpomegranates(石榴)whilehisthinhandscombedthroughmyhair.Tothisday,Istillrememberstoriesmygrandfatherusedtotellme.AsachildlivinginKorea,mygrandfatherwasmyclosestfriend,themanIspenteverydaywithanddependedonforbackrides.WewereinseparablefromthemomentweawokeuntilIfellasleepinhisarms.Iatethefoodheprepared，andhewasmypillowandstoryteller.Littledidweknowthatadaywouldcomewhenhisfirstgranddaughterwouldleave.MyfatherwastobestationedintheUnitedStatesandtimewouldblur(使……变模糊)ourimagesofeachother.Onthesummerofmysixteenthbirthday,Iwouldseemygrandfatheragain.Ontheplane，thoughtsofhimranthroughmymindduringall14hoursoftheflight.Wouldhelookthesame？Wouldhebehealthy?DidhestillhavethepicturesIdrewforhim?Mostimportantly,wouldherememberme?Iwasshortthenandalwayssmiling.Hedressedme.TwelveyearslaterandIwastaller,hadadifferentfigure.Ipickedoutmyownoutfitsandhadmyownsenseofstyle.Iwasscaredhewouldn’trecognizeIwashisgranddaughter.12\nIlandedintheairportandrodewithmyauntandcousintomygrandfather’shouse,wherewefoundhimpacingbackandforth,awaitingmyarrival.Helookedthesame,andassoonasIsteppedoutofthecarandfacedhim,Ibegantocry.Herantowardme.“Tina！”Mygrandfatherkeptyelling.Wemeteachotherwithopenarmsandhewhispered,“I’vebeenwaitingformygranddaughtertocomehome.Imissedyou,mylittleTina.Welcomehome.”Oureyesfilledwithtearsaswewalkedupthestairs,arminarm,tellingeachotheralltheeventswehadmissedineachother’slife.Hedidremember.Afterall,Iamhisfirstgranddaughter.1．Itcanbeinferredthatinchildhoodtheauthoralways________．A．atethefoodhergrandmotherpreparedB．rememberedthestorieshergrandmothertoldC．rodeonhergrandfather’sbackD．gotonwellwithherfather2．Howoldwastheauthorwhenshelefthergrandfather?A．About12yearsold. B．About6yearsold.C．About4yearsold.D．About2yearsold.3．Whydidtheauthorthinkhergrandfatherprobablywouldnotmakeherout?A．Becausehergrandfatherwasforgetful.B．Becauseshewasalreadya“biggirl”．C．BecauseshewasalreadyanAmerican.D．Becausehergrandfatherwastooold.4．Theauthormethergrandfather________．12\nA．intheairportB．byherselfC．withherparentsD．withherrelatives【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”从小生活在爷爷身边，四岁时随父亲到美国定居，十二年后再次回去见爷爷，一路上总是担心爷爷认不出自己，但没想到一下车爷爷就认出了“我”。1．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第一段第四句“AsachildlivinginKorea，mygrandfatherwasmyclosestfriend，themanIspenteverydaywithanddependedonforbackrides.”可知，“我”每天都和爷爷在一起，骑在他背上玩耍。故答案选C。2．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“ThelasttimeIsawhimwas12yearsago.”可知，“我”最后一次见到爷爷是十二年前；根据第二段第一句“Onthesummerofmysixteenthbirthday，Iwouldseemygrandfatheragain.”可知，十六岁生日的那年夏天“我”再次见到了爷爷；由此可推知，作者是在四岁的时候离开爷爷的。故答案选C。3．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Iwasshortthenandalwayssmiling.Hedressedme.TwelveyearslaterandIwastaller，hadadifferentfigure.Ipickedoutmyownoutfitsandhadmyownsenseofstyle.”可知，十二年后，“我”长高了，形象不一样了，所以担心爷爷认不出“我”。故答案选B。4．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Ilandedintheairportandrodewithmyauntandcousintomygrandfather’shouse”可知，作者是和亲戚一块去见爷爷的。故答案选D。CMrPeterJohnson，agedtwentythree，battledforhalfanhourtoescapefromhistrappedcaryesterdaywhenitlandedupsidedowninthreefeetofwater.Hetooktheonlyescaperoute—throughtheboot.MrJohnson’scarhadendedupinaditch(沟渠)atRomneyMarsin，Kentafterhelostpropercontroloniceandhitabank.“Fortunately，thewaterbegantocomeinonlyslowly，”MrJohnsonsaid.“Icouldn’tforcethedoorsopenbecausetheywerejammedagainstthewailsoftheditchanddarednotopenthewindowsbecauseIknewwater12\nwouldcomefloodingin.”MrJohnson，asweetsalesmanofSittingHome，Kent，firsttriedtoattracttheattentionofothermotoristsbysoundingthehorn(笛)andhammeringontheroofandboot.Thenhebeganhisstruggletoescape.Laterhesaid，“Itwasreallyahalfpennythatsavedmylife.ItwastheonlycoinIhadinmypocketandIusedittounscrewthebackseattogetintotheboot.Ihammereddesperatelywithahammertryingtomakesomeonehear，butnohelpcame.”Ittooktenminutestounscrewtheseat，andafurtherfiveminutestoclearthesweetsamplesfromtheboot.ThenMrJohnsonfoundawrench(扳手)andbegantoworkonthebootlock.Fifteenminutespassedby.“ItwastheonlychanceIhad.Finally_it_gave，butassoonasImovedthebootlid，thewaterandmudpouredin.Iforcedtheliddownintothemudandclimbedupclearasthecarfilledup.”Hishandsandarmscutandbruised，MrJohnsongottoBeckettFarmnearby.Huddledinablanket，hesaid，“Thatthirtyminutesseemedlikehours.”Onlythetipsofthecarwheelswerevisible，policesaidlastnight.Thevehiclehadsunkintotwofeetofmudatthebottomoftheditch.1．WhichofthefollowingobjectsisthemostimportanttoMrJohnson?A．Thehammer. B．Thecoin.C．Theseat. D．Thehorn.2．Weknowfromthepassagethat________.A．MrJohnson’scarstoodonitsbootasitfelldownB．MrJohnson’scaraccidentwaspartlyduetotheslipperyroadC．MrJohnsonstruggledinthepouringmudasheunscrewedthebackseatD．MrJohnsoncouldnotescapefromthedoorbecauseitwasfullofsweetjam3．“Finallyitgave”inParagraph5meansthat________.A．atlastthewrenchwentbrokenB．thechancewaslostatthelastminuteC．thelockcameopenafterallhiseffortsD．luckilythedoorwastornawayintheend4．Whatisthebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticle?A．DriverEscapesthroughCarBootB．TheStoryofMrJohnson，aSweetSalesmanC．TheDriverSurvivedaTerribleCarAccidentD．CarBootCanServeastheBestEscapeRoute12\n【参考答案】阅读理解语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了MrJohnson在自己的车意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事。1．解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段MrJohnson所说的话“Itwasreallyahalfpennythatsavedmylife.ItwastheonlycoinIhadinmypocket”可知，是一枚硬币(coin)救了他的命，硬币对他极其重要。答案： B2．解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“MrJohnson’scarhadendedupinaditch(沟渠)atRomneyMarsin，Kentafterhelostpropercontroloniceandhitabank.”可推知，可能是由于路滑导致了这起事故。答案： B3．解析： 句意理解题。根据第五段第二句“ThenMrJohnsonfoundawrench(扳手)andbegantoworkonthebootlock.”可知，文中画线的it指的是“thebootlock”，此处指他打开了锁。答案： C4．解析： 标题概括题。根据对文章的整体理解和第一段的概述可知，本文主要讲的是一位司机在意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事，故选A项。答案： AD(2022·河南豫北、豫东十所名校联考)Thewaywecookisimportant.Inmanycountries,thetwochoicesarenaturalgasandelectricpoweredstoves.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeoplearedyingeveryyearfromindoorairpollutionwhichresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcookstovesinthehome.Mostofthedeathsareindevelopingcountries.Tohelpfighttheproblem,theWHOannouncednewguidelinesaimedatreducinghouseholdpollutants.TheWHO’splanofactionforreducingindoorpollutantsisbasedonnewfindings,whichshowthattheuseoftoxic(有毒的)fuelsininefficientstoves,spaceheatersorlightsistoblameformanyofthesedeaths.12\nCarlosDora,anofficialintheWHO,sayspeopleshouldnotuseunprocessedcoalindoors.Hesays,“Openingawindowordoortoletouttheharmfulairwillnotcorrectthesituation.Itwillonlypollutetheoutdoors.Youcan’texpectthatabitofventilation(通风)isgoingtogetridofthis.Itisreallyaboutcleantechnologiesandcleanfuels.And,thefuelstoryhasnotbeenstressedenoughsofarintheglobaldebate.So,thatisthenewthing.Weshouldbegoingforcleanfuels,avoidingcoalandgoingforthesolar.”WHOofficialssayindoorpollutionleadstoearlydeathsfromstroke,heartandlungdiseaseandchildhoodlungcancer.Thesediseasescanoftenresultfromhighlevelsoffineparticulatematterandcarbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)releasedbytheburningofsolidfuels.Thesefuelsincludewood,coal,animalwaste,cropwasteandcharcoal.Womenandgirlsarethemainvictims.TheUnitedNationsfoundthatmorethan95percentofhouseholdsinsubSaharanAfricadependonsolidfuelsforcooking.ItsayshugepopulationsinIndia,ChinaandLatinAmericancountries,suchasGuatemalaandPeru,arealsoatrisk.WHOexpertsnotesomenew,safeandlowcosttechnologiesthatcouldhelparealreadyavailable.Butthisisjustastart.Theyareurgingdevelopingcountriestousecleanerfuelsandincreaseaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingappliances.1．Thereasonforindoorairpollutionis________．A．stillunknownB．theuseofsolarenergy12\nC．theuseofdangerousfuelsandcookstovesD．thefrequentuseoffuelsinefficientstoves2．Whomaybetheleastaffectedbyindoorairpollution?A．ChildreninChina.B．MeninEurope.C．GirlsinsubSaharanAfrica.D．WomeninLatinAmericancountries.3．Solutionstotheindoorairpollutionprobleminclude________．①goingforanimalwasteandcoal②usingcleanfuels③increasingaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingappliances④openingawindowordoortoletouttheharmfulairA．①④B．①③C．②③D．②④4．What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Healthisveryimportanttopeopleindevelopingcountries.B．Peopleindevelopingcountriesaredyingfromairpollution.C．Peopleindevelopingcountriesknowtoolittleaboutscienceandtechnology.D．Propercookingwayshelpreducethedeathsindevelopingcountries.【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文。在室内使用固体燃料会使室内一氧化碳浓度升高，从而导致中毒死亡。为解决此问题，世界卫生组织建议在发展中国家增加使用更清洁、更现代化的烹饪和加热设备。12\n1．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeoplearedyingeveryyearfromindoorairpollutionwhichresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcookstovesinthehome.”可知，世界卫生组织警告说，每年有数百万的人死于家里使用的危险燃料和烹调炉引起的室内空气污染。故C项正确。2．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Mostofthedeathsareindevelopingcountries.”可知，绝大部分的死亡事故发生在发展中国家；根据倒数第二段最后一句“ItsayshugepopulationsinIndia，ChinaandLatinAmericancountries...arealsoatrisk.”可知，印度、中国以及拉丁美洲的一些国家污染严重；根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，女性是主要受害者，由此可推知，欧洲男子最不容易因室内空气污染而死亡。故B项正确；A、C、D三项都属于发展中国家的人，这些地区污染严重，故最可能因此而死亡。3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据本文最后一句中的“increaseaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingappliances”可知，增加使用更清洁、更现代化的烹饪和加热设备是解决问题的方法之一，故排除A、D两项；根据第五段最后两句可知，室内污染主要来自于固体燃料的使用而导致的室内一氧化碳浓度升高，这些固体燃料包括煤炭，动物排泄物，木头等，所以①不在范围内，故排除B项。故C项正确。4．解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Thewaywecookisimportant.”及第二段最后一句“Tohelpfighttheproblem，theWHOannouncednewguidelinesaimedatreducinghouseholdpollutants.”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了正确的烹饪方法将减轻发展中国家的室内污染，从而减少死亡事故的发生。故D项正确。E(2022·江西九江二模)AsIbeganmyjunioryearofcollege,Ibegantothinkofplansaftergraduation.IknewthatIwantedtoworkinthefieldofmymajor,publicrelations.ButIalsoknewthatitwasdifficulttofindapositionconsideringmyinexperience.Thatwas12\nwhenIdecidedtopursueaninternship(实习工作)．SoIchosetotalktomyadvisorfirst.Hehadworkedinthefieldofpublicrelationsformanyyearsbeforehebecameaprofessor,andthereforehadnumerouscontactsandassociatesinthefield.Aftertalkingtohimaboutafewofthepositions,IdecidedtopursuetheCincinnatiFineArtsFundbecauseofmyinterestintheartsandthepassionIwouldfeelworkingforanonprofitorganization.Isentoutacoverletterandaresumeandwashiredonthespotintheinterview.Isoonbeganmyposition.AfterclassonTuesdaysandThursdays,IwoulddrivetoworkandapplyalltheskillsIwaslearningintheclassroom.Iwasamazedattheamountofpracticalknowledgeinclassthatwasdirectlyapplicabletomyinternshipposition.Itbecameaveryusefulandbeneficialexperience.NotonlywasIworkingforartsorganizationsandseeingmynameprintedondocumentsIhadcreated,butalsogainingconfidenceinmyskillsandmyself.Asthesemestercametoaclose,IfinishedmyworkwiththeFineArtsFund.AlthoughIdidn’ttakeawayanymoneyfortheinternship,IgainedmanydifferentkindsofexperienceandtheknowledgethatIwascapableofaccomplishingprofessionaltasks.AndthatkindofconfidencewasinvaluabletomeasIsatdowntointerviewformynextinternship.1．Whydidtheauthorseekaninternshipfirstbeforegraduation?A．Becausehewantedtolearnmorefromaninternship.B．Becausehecouldmakemoremoneyfromaninternship.C．Becausehewasmoreinterestedinaninternship.D．Becausehelackedworkexperienceandskills.2．Whydidthewriterturntohisadvisorforhelpfirst?A．Becausehisadvisorwasworkinginthefield.B．Becausehisadvisorcouldgivehimsomehelp.C．Becausehegotalongwellwithhisadvisor.D．Becausehehadcommoninterestswithhisadvisor.3．Whathelpedhimtoadapttohispositionquicklyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Suggestionsfromhisadvisor.B．Moneyearnedfromtheposition.C．Knowledgeandskillsfromclass.D．Confidenceintheinterview.4．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisinternship?12\nA．Rewarding. B．Boring.C．Relaxing.D．Tiring.【解题导语】 作者上大三时就开始考虑自己的未来，考虑到实习经验在就业中的重要性，作者在导师的建议下找到了个实习岗位，尽管没有挣到钱，但是所积累的经验让作者感觉到很值得。1．D 解析：细节理解题。题干关键词为internship，题干中的seek对应原文中的pursue。根据第一段第三句中的itwasdifficulttofindapositionconsideringmyinexperience可知，考虑到自己经验不足，找份工作有点难，所以作者决定找一份实习的工作。故选D项。2．B 解析：推理判断题。由第二段的描述可知，作者找他的导师的原因有两个，其中之一是这位导师在公共关系领域经验丰富；再结合第一段的描述可知，作者自己缺乏经验，也就是说，他的导师可以帮助他。故选B项。3．C 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的．..applyalltheskillsIwaslearningintheclassroom.Iwasamazedattheamountofpracticalknowledgeinclassthatwasdirectlyapplicabletomyinternshipposition.可知，作者在课上所学到的知识和技能帮助他快速地适应了工作。故选C项。4．A 解析：推理判断题。在最后一段中，作者对自己的实习工作进行了总结：实习工作中虽然没挣到钱，但是积累了经验和知识，这对于自己的专业学习是很有帮助的。故选A项。12
