课时作业(十二) [必修3 Unit2 Healthyeating](限时：45分钟) Ⅰ.语法填空Vitaminsarecomplexchemicalsubstances1.________(find)inmanyfoods.Thehumanbodyneedsthemforhealthand2.________(grow).Thebodymakessomevitamins,3.________usuallyinamountstoosmalltomeetitsneeds.4.________vitaminsarenotmadeinthebody.Thesemustbesupplied.Nooneknowsexactly5.________allvitaminswork.Doctors6.________knowthatvitaminshaveveryspecialuses.Onevitamin7.________cannottaketheplaceofanother.Thesteadyabsenceofonevitaminin8.________otherwisecompletedietcausesadeficiencydisease.Rickets,scurvy,andpellagraareexamplesofdeficiencydiseases.Itisbesttoobtainvitamins9.________eatingthefoodsinwhichtheyoccur.Therearealsopillsthatcontainasinglevitaminoracombinationofvitamins.Peopleshouldconsult10.________doctorsbeforetheytakeanyvitaminpills.Ⅱ.阅读理解AYouknoweatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgood.Butdoyouknowitcanalsomakeyoulookgood?Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeoverjustsixweeksdevelopedahealthyglowandappearedmoreattractive,researchersfound.ScientistsatStAndrewsUniversityfoundeatingthemslightlyincreasedyellowandredpigmentsinthevolunteers'skin.Theymonitoredthefoodintakeof35peopleandtookpicturesoftheirfaces,armsandhandsusingasensitivecameraatthestart,andafterthreeandsixweeks.Increasingtheirintakeofgreensby2.9portionsadaywasfoundtomakethepersonlookmorehealthyandanextra3.3portionscouldenhancetheirattractiveness,whentheirphotographswereratedbyothers.Fruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids(类胡萝卜素),whichareknowntoprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays,andcanalsopreventagerelateddiseasesincludingheartdiseaseandcancer.Butwhileitwasknowneatingextremeamountsofcertainvegetablessuchascarrotscouldturnskinorange,itwasnotknownasmallincreasewasperceptible(被觉察)toothersandwasseenasappealing.Acamerameasuredchangestotheskin'sredness,yellownessandlightness,andfounditsignificantlychangedinpeoplewhonaturallyincreasedtheirintake.Thesechangeswerenotevidentinthreeweeks.Usinglightsensors,theresearchersshowedtheseredandyellowhueswerelinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsintheirskin.Therearehundredsofcarotenoidsbutthosethoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectarelycopene(番茄红素),whichgivestomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolourandbetacarotenefoundincarrotsaswellasbroccoli,squash,andspinach.Skincolourisalsoaffectedbychemicalscalled6\npolyphenols(多元酚),foundinapples,blueberriesandcherries,whichcausebloodrushtotheskinsurface.11．Whatdoweknowfromtheresearch?A．Ifyoutakeinalittlemorefruitandvegetables,youwillobviouslylookmoreattractiveinthreeweeks.B．Theresearcherstookthepicturesof35peopleintheresearchatdifferentstages.C．Increasingyourintakeofgreensby2.9portionsadaycangreatlyimproveyourhealth.D．Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeofgreensby3.3portionsadaywerefoundthemostattractiveaftersixweeks.12．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefunctionofcarotenoids?A．TheycanprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays.B．Theycanpreventheartdiseaseandcancer.C．Theycanpreventagerelateddiseases.D．Theycankeepyouingoodhealth.13．WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．We'vealreadyknowneatingextremeamountsofcarrotscanturnskinorange.B．Weknewinthepastthateatingafewmorecarrotscouldmakeuslookappealing.C．Theresearchshowedtheimprovementinskinislinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsinit.D．Amonghundredsofcarotenoids,lycopeneisthoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectontheskin.14．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________．A．skin'sredness,yellownessandlightnessmakeapersonlookmorehealthyandattractiveB．carotenoidshavethesameeffectaslycopeneC．itiscarotenoidsthatgivetomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolourD．bothbetacaroteneandpolyphenolsaffectskincolourbycausingbloodrushtotheskinsurface15．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．EatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgoodB．FruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoidsC．HowtobecomeattractiveD．EatingfruitandvegetablesmakesyoulookgoodBIfyouwalkaroundanylargecity,you'llfindacoffeeshoponeverycorner.Manyshopsoffercomfortablesofas,largescreentelevisionsandsometimesevenlivemusic.Moreandmoreteenagersarehangingoutthere.Mypreteenhasalreadydonesoafterschoolonceamonthbutshealwaysordersfruitjuice.Ithinkshewoulddrinkcoffeesoonerorlater,soIstarteddoingsomeresearchonline.Ifoundoutthatcoffeeinmoderationcanbesafe.Butonethingthatwasconstantonlinewasthechanceofbecomingaddictedtocoffee.Coffeeisonestepupfromsodabutstillnotasdangerousasenergydrinksoralcohol.Still,anyaddictionishardtobreak.SoIneededtocomeupwithaplanthatwouldprotectmychild.6\nCoffeeshopsofferasafeplaceforteenstohangout.Aslikeanythingelseyouletyourchildrendo,youneedtosetlimits.Drinkingcoffeewhilesocializingonceortwiceaweekwillnotcauseaseverecaffeineaddiction.However,youshouldavoidallowingacupofcoffeeeverymorningandensuretheygetadequatesleepeachnight,whichwillmakethemlesslikelytofeeltheneedtodrinkcoffee.Asparentswehaveresponsibilitytosetagoodexample.Ifyou'readdictedtocaffeine,it'stimetostartmonitoringyourintake.Ifyoudrinkmuchwaterandkeephealthierdrinkoptionsinyourfridgeandatyourdinnertable,yourteenwillfollowyou.Idrinkmuchwaterandsodobothmychildren.My_kids_learn_more_from_watching_me_do_things_than_they_will_ever_learn_from_my_verbal_teaching.Asamother,I'mreadytoallowmychildtotrycoffee,andwe'lltalkaboutitanddiscusstheprosandconsofconsumingthis.Ifeelopencommunicationisvitalinhelpingthemmakegooddecisions.Although,thedecisiontodrinkcoffeedoesn'tposethesamedangersasunderagedrinking,itstilldeservesathoughtfulconversation.16．Theauthorbegantodoresearchoncoffeeinorderto________．A．offersomegoodadvicetocoffeeshopsB．guideherdaughtertodrinkcoffeeproperlyC．stopherdaughterhangingoutincoffeeshopsD．letherdaughterbelievethatfruitjuiceishealthy17．Whatmightbethecontentoftheplantheauthorwouldcomeupwith?A．Howherdaughtercankeepsafe.B．Whycoffeeisasdangerousasalcohol.C．Howherdaughtercanavoidcaffeineaddiction.D．Whatbenefitsherdaughtercanachievefromcoffee.18．Accordingtothetext,ifteenshaveenoughsleep,they________．A．willnotacheforcoffeethatmuchB．willnothangoutincoffeeshopsC．willnotdrinkcoffeeforeverD．willdrinkwaterinsteadofcoffee19．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraphimply?A．Theauthor'schildrendon'tliketotalkwithher.B．Theauthorthinksagoodexamplefunctionsbetter.C．Theauthorislivinginharmonywithherchildren.D．Theauthordoesn'twantherchildrentolearnfromher.20．Whichofthefollowingstatementsagreeswiththeauthor'sopinionsinthetext?A．Teensshouldstopfromenteringcoffeeshops.B．Coffeeshopsshouldnotoffermanyoptionstoteens.C．Teen'sactivitiesincoffeeshopsshouldbelimitedstrictly.D．Parentsshouldnotforcetheirchildrentostopdrinkingcoffee.Ⅲ.读写任务阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。AsTeachers'Daydrawsnear,manyChineseparentshavebeenthinkinghardovergiftsthatareappropriatefortheteachersoftheirchildren.Somehaveturnedto6\ntheInternetforgiftsuggestions,includingamothernamedYangwhosechildattendskindergarten.“WhatshouldIsendandwhatkindsofgiftsareappropriate?Weareinadifficultsituation—wecannotaffordveryexpensivegifts,butteacherswillnotbeimpressedifthegiftsaretoocheap，”Yangwroteonawebsite.Someparents,however,donotrealizethatsometeachersarealsoundergreatpressurebecauseofthegifts.“Nomoregifts,orIwillrunoutofmoney！”complainedayoungteacheronWeibo.“ManyparentssendmesomeshoppingticketsforTeachers'DaysoIputtheminanewdictionaryandlettheirchildrenbringthembacktotheirparents，”theteacherwrote.AteachernamedZhu,saidhefeels“worried”everytimeparentssendhimmoneyorshoppingtickets.“Itisnotwhethertoacceptthegifts,buthowtoreturnthemthatworriesme.Itriedtopersuadeparentstotakethemback.ButIwillusethemoneyorshoppingticketsfromthestubbornparentstobuybooksfortheclass，”saidZhu.[写作内容]1．以约30个词概括以上短文的内容；2．以约120个词就“教师节家长是否该给老师送礼”这一主题发表你的看法，内容包括：(1)说说你对该问题的看法，并简单说明原因；(2)谈谈你印象最深的一次教师节；(3)谈谈你认为学生给老师的最好的教师节礼物。[写作要求]1．作文中可使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自拟。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。6\n课时作业(十二)Ⅰ.1.found 考查非谓语动词。作定语，表被动，所以用过去分词。2．growth 考查词形变化。由表示并列关系的连接成分and以及前面的health可以看出，应该用名词形式。3．but 考查连词。很显然，“身体产生的维生素”和“这些维生素量太小不能满足需要”之间是转折关系，所以用but。4．Other 考查形容词。由下文的“Thesemustbesupplied”可以看出，除了身体自产的维生素之外，其他的维生素需要外部的供应。5．how 考查副词。表示方式，用how。6．do 考查句式结构。原句中结构完整，所以用助动词do，强调谓语动词know。7．therefore 考查逻辑关系。语境为：医生们确实知道，维生素有特别的用途，因此一种维生素不能代替另外一种。8．an 考查冠词。修饰名词diet表泛指用不定冠词。9．by 考查介词。表示方式，用by。10．their 考查形容词性物主代词。指主语people的医生，修饰名词作定语，所以用形容词性物主代词。Ⅱ.A吃水果不仅对我们的身体健康有益，而且能让我们看起来更好看、更有吸引力。11．B 细节理解题。通过全文第一段可知，调查者对35个人加量食用水果，从一开始到第三个星期，一直到第六个星期后，各个阶段都用高灵敏度的照相机对他们的皮肤进行拍照比照，所以选B。12．D 细节理解题。根据文中第二段可知，类胡萝卜素能保护免受污染和UV射线的损害，同时能防止与年龄相关疾病的发生，如心脏病和癌症，并未提到D项，所以选D。13．B 细节理解题。根据文中第二段倒数第一、二句可知，人们知道吃极其大量的某种蔬菜，例如像胡萝卜能让我们皮肤变黄，人们并不知道少量吃点胡萝卜也会被别人看出，并且效果也不错，所以B项与原文不符。14．A 推理判断题。通过文中可知，水果、蔬菜中所含的类胡萝卜素等成分可以让人变得更健康，更引人注目，而这是因为这些成分中含有红色物质、黄色物质等起作用，所以选A。15．D 主旨大意题。根据文中第一段第一、二句可知，吃水果和蔬菜不但对身体有益，而且让人看起来肤色更好。下文又着重讲了吃水果、蔬菜对皮肤的影响，所以选D。B作者在文章中提出了自己对青少年喝咖啡的看法和对父母的几点建议。16．B 细节理解题。从第一、二段的内容可知，作者上网做调查是为了让自己的女儿正确饮用咖啡，故选B项。17．C 细节理解题。从第二段的Butonethingthatwasconstantonlinewasthechanceofbecomingaddictedtocoffee.这一句话可知，作者准备制订计划，避免孩子喝咖啡成瘾，故选C项。18．A 细节理解题。从第三段的However，youshouldavoidallowingacupofcoffeeeverymorningandensuretheygetadequatesleepeachnight，whichwillmakethemlesslikelytofeeltheneedtodrinkcoffee.可知，如果孩子睡眠好，他们想喝咖啡的可能性就小一点，故选A项。19．B 句意理解题。从第四段的内容可知，作者认为父母的榜样比起单纯的说教更能发挥作用，故选B项。20．D 推理判断题。作者在文章中发表自己的观点和建议。比较四个选项可知，D项符合题意。Ⅲ.Onepossibleversion：6\nWhenTeachers'Dayapproaches(isatthecorner),lotsofparentsbotheraboutwhatgiftstosendtoimpresstheirchildren'steachers.However,someteachersarethinkinghardabouthowtosendthegiftsback.AsfarasI'mconcerned,parentsshouldn'tspendmuchmoneybuyinggiftsforteachersonTeachers'Day.Itbothersbothparentsandteachers.Besides,itmakesstudentsfeeluneasyatschool.TheTeachers'Daythatimpressesmemostwastheonein2022.Allourclassagreedthatnothingcouldbemorepreciousandmeaningfultotheteachersthanthingsthatweremadewithourownhands.Everyoneofourclassmadeasmallgift.Somedrewcartoons,somewrotepoems,andsomerecordedsongssungbythemselves.Whenreceivingthegifts,theteachersweresoamazedandmovedandpromisedtoalwayskeepthem.Asstudents,itisnotthepresentswesend,butoursincerewishesthatmatter.Aslongasourwishesaresincere,theteacherscanfeelthem.6
