必修3 Unit2 Healthyeating要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．dietn．日常饮食vi.节食2．balancevt.平衡；权衡n．天平；平衡→balancedadj.均衡的3．fryvt.&vi.油煎；油炸4．curiosityn．好奇心→curiousadj.好奇的5．rawadj.生的；未加工的6．lievi.说谎；n.谎话；谎言→liarn．说谎者7．customern．顾客；消费者8．discountn．折扣9．weaknessn．缺点；虚弱；弱点→weakadj.虚弱的→weakenv．使变弱10．strengthn．力；力量；强项；长处→strengthenv．加强，强化11．consultvt.咨询；请教；商量12．digestv．消化，吸收n．消化，吸收；文摘，摘要→digestionn．消化力，领悟13．debtn．债；债务14．glarevi.怒目而视；闪耀n.怒视；眩目的光15．limitn．界限；限度vt.限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的16．benefitn．利益；好处vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益→beneficialadj.有利的，有益的17．sighvi.叹息；叹气n.叹息；叹息声18．combinevt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→combinationn．联合，结合●重点短语1．be/goonadiet 节食25\n2．oughtto应当；应该3．loseweight体重减轻；减肥4．getawaywith被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚5．tellalie说谎6．win...back赢回；重新获得7．earnone’sliving谋生8．indebt欠债9．spyon暗中监视；侦察10．cutdown削减；删节11．beforelong不久以后12．putonweight增加体重13．glareat怒视14．benefitfrom受益于15．throwaway扔掉；丢弃●重点句型1．Nothingcouldbebetter...再没有比这更好的了……2．HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies!他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！3．Whydon'tyousitdownandtryameal?你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？4．Accordingtomyresearch,neitheryourrestaurantnormineoffersabalanceddiet.我的研究表明，你我两家所提供的都不是平衡膳食。●高考范文(2009·安徽卷)假设你正在参加全省中学生英语演讲比赛，请你针对有些父母经常翻看孩子日记或书包这一现象，写一篇演讲稿，陈述你的观点。演讲稿的主要内容应包括：·认为同学们不必为此苦恼；·希望能够体谅父母的苦衷；·建议与父母进行交流和沟通。25\n注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.Someofusarehavingproblemswithourparents,astheyoftenlookintoourschoolbagsorreadourdiaries._____________________Thankyou![思路点拨]体裁与历年一样，仍是一封书信，但话题却是考生非常熟悉和感兴趣的话题，即对某些父母偷翻孩子的书包，偷看孩子的日记的做法的一些看法。对于此类文章，要按照要求写出此类方面的内容，认真、规范、清楚的书写，并适当运用一些复合句和关联词语进行连接，就会是一篇很好的文章了。[范文]Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.Someofusarehavingproblemswithourparents,astheyoftenlookintoourschoolbagsorreadourdiaries.Ifullyunderstandwhywearenotcomfortableaboutit,butthere'snoneedtofeeltoosad.Ourparentsarecheckingourbagsordiariestomakesurewe'renotgettingintoanytrouble.Theyhaveprobablyheardsomehorriblestoriesaboutotherkidsandthoughtwemightdothesame.Orperhapstheyjustwanttoconnectwithusbutaredoingitallwrong.Mysuggestionis:Tellthemwewantthemtotrustusasmuchaswe'dliketotrustthem.Ifyoudon'tthinkyoucantalktothem,writethemaletterandleaveitlyingaround—theyareboundtoreadit.Thankyou!考点探究互动探究·能力备考Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1．dietn．日常饮食 vi.节食be/goonadietputsb.onadiet用规定的食谱，控制饮食25\nadietofsth.多得令人生厌的事物[即学即练1] (1)___________________________isnotgoodforyou.太油腻的食物对你不利。(2)ThedoctorsallsuggestI_______________________.医生们都建议我节食。Toorichadietgoonadiet比较：diet既可指习惯上常用的食品，又可指规定的食物，特指维持健康的定质定量的食物；food是“食物”的一般用语，指任何能吃的且有营养的东西。2．balancevt.&vi.&n.平衡balancedadj.平稳的，安定的，和谐的inthebalance悬而未决thebalanceofforces力量对比outofbalance失去平衡keepone'sbalance保持平衡，保持镇静loseone'sbalance失去平衡，失去镇静throwsb.offthebalance使某人失去平衡，使某人慌乱balancethegoodandevilofthings权衡事物的好坏两方面[即学即练2](1)Wemust______________thegoodandevilofthings.我们必须权衡事物的好坏两个方面。(2)Theacrobat__________________onthehighrope.杂技演员在高处的绳子上使自己保持平衡。(3)Itisdifficultto__________________________onanicypavement.人行道上结了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。(4)Howlongcanyou_______________ononefoot?你能单脚站立多久？balancebalancedhimselfkeepone’sbalance25\nbalance3．lien．谎话；谎言vt.&vi.说谎；躺，处于(某位置)tellalie/lies说谎[反]tellthetruth说实话awhitelie善意的谎言abiglie弥天大谎lietosb.向某人撒谎liein在于；处于liedown躺下；屈服lieonone'sside/back/stomach侧卧/仰卧/俯卧Therelies...某地有……提示：易混词形变化：lie撒谎→lied→lied躺→lay→lain→lyinglay放；产卵→laid→laid→laying[即学即练3](1)Theboymustbeaspyandwas__________________.这男孩子一定是个间谍且在说谎。(2)Youare______andliescannotcoverupfacts.你在说谎，但谎言掩盖不了事实。(3)Hewas______intheshadeofthetree.他正躺在树荫下。(4)Thefactory____________thewestofthetown.工厂在镇的西边。tellingalielyinglyingliesto25\n(5)Don't______yourcoatonthebed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。(6)Birds,fishes,andinsects____________________.鸟下蛋，鱼和昆虫产卵。laylayeggs4．consultvt.&vi.向……咨询；查阅consultantn．会诊医生；顾问consultingadj.咨询的；顾问的consultsb.aboutsth.向某人请教某事consultabook(adictionary)查书(字典)consultwithsb.同某人商量aconsultingengineer顾问工程师[即学即练4](1)You'dbetter______adoctor______yourillness.你最好找医生咨询一下你的病情。(2)Beforeadecisionhasbeenmade,you'dbetter__________________.在作决定之前，最好找你父亲商量一下。(3)Whenyoutakeageographyexam,youmay__________________.参加地理考试时，你可以查阅地图。(4)Heis________________________hisadvisor.他正同他的顾问磋商事情。consultaboutconsultyourfatherconsultamapconsultingwith5．limitn．界限；限度 v．限制；限定limitedadj.有限的limitationn.限制；限制条件，不足之处gobeyond/overthelimit超过限度25\nwithinlimits在一定范围内；有限度的withinthelimitsof在……的范围内withoutlimit无限(制)地setalimittosth.对……规定限度belimitedtosth.受限制于……limitsth.tosth.把……限定在……的范围内[即学即练5](1)I've____________________1000caloriesadaytotrytoloseweight.我试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1000卡的热量。(2)Awisemanknowshisown______________.人贵有自知之明。(3)Asweallknow,aperson'slifeis______，butknowledgeis_________________.＝Asweallknow,thereis____________________aperson'slifebut____________________knowledge.我们都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知识却是无限的。limitedmyselftolimitationslimitedunlimitedalimittonolimitto6．benefitn．利益，实惠；优越性vt.&vi.得益；使……受益benefitsb./someplace使某人/某地受益benefitfrom/bysth.receive/gainbenefitfromsth.得益于某事beofgreat/muchbenefittosb.＝beverybeneficialtosb.对某人有好处forthebenefitof...为了帮助……；为了……的利益[即学即练6](1)Thenewhospitalwill________theentirecommunity.这所新医院将使整个社区受益。25\n(2)I__________much______myfather'sadvice.我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。(3)Moderateexercisewillbe_______________________you.适度运动对你有很多益处。(4)Shewentthere_______________________________herhealth.她为了健康而去了那里。benefitbenefitedfromofmuchbenefittoforthebenefitof7．combinevt.&vi.(使)联合；(使)结合combinationn.结合；联合；化合(物)combineinto...联合成……combine...with...把……与……结合起来acombinationof...一种……的结合(物)incombinationwith与……联合起来[即学即练7](1)Somefilms_________education______recreation.有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。(2)Thetwosmallshops_________tomakealargeone.这两个小店合并起来成为了一个大商店。(3)Pinkis________________________redandwhite.粉红色是红色与白色的混合色。combinewithcombinedacombinationof8．getawaywith被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚getridof摆脱；除去getabout走动；旅行；(消息等)传开来getacross(使)被理解；(把……)讲清楚25\ngeton/alongwellwith...与……相处得好；进展得好getawayfrom逃脱；离开getdown(从……)下来；写下；使沮丧getdowntodoingsth.开始认真地做某事getin收获；插话getintouchwith与……取得联系getintothehabitof染上……的习惯getintotrouble陷入困境getout(of...)(使)出去；离开；逃脱；摆脱getover爬过(墙等)；克服(困难等)；从……中恢复过来getthrough办完；花完(钱、时间等)；(使)通过；接通电话[即学即练8](1)Iwon'thaveyou_______________________cheatingintheexam.我不能容忍你考试作弊而不受惩罚。(2)Hewassoluckyto__________________________onlyafineforsuchaseriousmistake.他犯了如此严重的错误，侥幸只被罚款了事。(3)HowcanI_________________________________thefliesinthekitchen？我怎样才能把厨房里的苍蝇消灭掉？(4)He'snotverygoodat__________hisideas_________.他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。gettingawaywithgetawaywithgetridofgettingacross9．indebt负债beinheavydebt负债累累beindebttosb.欠某人债payoffallthedebts还清债务(动作)beoutofdebt不欠债(状态)25\nget/runintodebt陷入债务[即学即练9](1)Inmyopinion,theelegantwomanwithlonghaircan’thavebeen_______________________.在我看来，那位优雅的长发女士不可能负债累累。(2)Being__________________________makesTomalightmood.还清了债务使得汤姆心情轻松。(3)Thecoupleworkedharddayandnightinorderto____________________________________________.为了还清所有的债务，这对夫妇夜以继日地拼命干活。inheavydebtoutofdebtpayoffalltheirdebts10．cutdown砍倒，使倒下；削减，压缩；减价[即学即练10](1)Heusedto_______________trees,butheplantstreesnow.他过去砍树，而现在植树。(2)Ihaveto__________________________.我得少抽烟。(3)AIDS__________________________atanearlyage.艾滋病较早地夺去了他的生命。(4)Hewasasking$100forthevase,butI____________________________________$75.这个花瓶要价100美元，但我砍到了75美元。cutdowncutdownsmokingcuthimdowncuthimdownto拓展：cutacross走捷径，穿过去cutin插话；让某人分享利润cutoff中止，切断；隔绝cutout删除；裁剪cutup劈碎，切碎；使难过；(严重地)割伤cutshort突然停止，中断(活动)cutthrough穿过；克服；避开；剪断25\nⅡ.重点句型详解1．Nothingcouldbebetter...再没有比这更好的了……此句中形容词(或副词)的比较级better与否定词nothing连用，表达最高级的含义。常用的否定词有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等与比较级连用，表示最高级的含义。①Ithinknothingismorepleasantthantravelling.我想没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。②Nobodylovesmoneybetterthanhe.没人比他更贪财。③—Didyousleepwelllastnight?你昨晚睡得怎样？—Neverbetter,likearock.从来没这么好过，像块石头。拓展：下列结构也可表示最高级的含义：(1)否定词＋so＋adj./adv.(原级)such＋adj.(原级)＋n.(2)adj./adv.(比较级)＋than＋anyother＋n.(单数)anyoftheother＋n.(复数)①Youhaven'tdonesuchafoolishthing!你从没有做过这么傻的事！(这是你做过的最傻的事。)②Billrunsfasterthananyotherboyanyoftheotherboysinhisclass.在班里比尔跑得比别的男孩快。[即境活用1] (1)(2008·海南东方模拟)—DidyoulistentoMrJackson'slecture?—Yes,Ihaveneverhearda______one.A．moreexciting B．moreexcitedC．mostexcitingD．mostexcited解析：考查否定词与比较级连用表示最高级意义，即never...amoreexcitingone。答案：A25\n(2)(2009·河北唐山期末)—WhoisyourfavouritebasketballplayerinChina?—YaoMing,ofcourse.Nooneplays______.A．betterB．bestC．goodD．well解析：Nooneplaysbetter.意为“没有人(比他)打得更好”。答案：A2．HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies!他不可能让咏慧哄骗人们后跑掉！havesb.doing在此表示“允许或容忍(某事物)发生”。此处的have常用在否定句中，特别是用在willnot,cannot等之后。归纳：(1)havesb.dosth.“使某人做某事”，不定式做宾补省略to，但其被动式(sb.bemadetodosth.)不能省略to。含此种“使得”意义的其他动词还有make,let,lead,drive等，如：NoonecanhaveTomdothis.没人能使汤姆做这件事。(2)havesth.done包含两层意思：一种是“请别人做某事”；另一种为“承担外界或别人做某事的后果”。(3)havesb.(sth.)doing有两层含义：一种是“使……处于某种状态或作出某种反应”；另一种是“允许、听任某种事情发生”，这种用法一般用于否定句中。(4)havesth.todo意为“有某事要做”，have意为“有，拥有”。不定式todo是宾语sth.的定语，句子的主语是不定式动作的执行者。如果是tobedone做定语时，说明该不定式是由别人发出的。①ItisrudeofyoutospeaktoFatherlikethatandIwon'thaveyouspeakingtoFatherlikethatinfuture.那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟父亲说话。②Hehadhisaudiencelisteningattentively.他吸引住了听众的注意力。③Noonecanhavemeleavetheoffice.没有人能使我离开办公室。④Shehadherbagstolen.她的包被偷了。25\n⑤Ihavesomeletterstotype.我有些信要打。(“我”自己动手打)⑥Ihavesomeletterstobetyped.我有几封信需要打。(需要找别人打)[即境活用2] (1)Wecan'thavepeople______lateallthetime.A．arriveB．toarriveC．arrivingD．arrived解析：用于否定句中can'thavesb.doing意为“不能允许……”。答案：C(2)IsthisTVset______youwishtohave______？A．theone;repairedB．which;itrepairedC．theone;itrepairedD．which;repaired解析：第一空填theone做先行词，其后为省略which的定语从句，且which在从句中做have的宾语，故选A。答案：A(3)—MrSmith,doyouhavesomething______atthismoment?—No,thanks.I'llcallyouifany.A．tobetypedB．totypeC．typedD．typing解析：考查havesomethingtobedone结构，因为不定式的主语不是句子主语you。答案：A3．Why_don't_yousitdownandtryameal?你为什么不坐下来吃顿饭呢？Whydon'tyou...？＝Whynotdo...？为什么不……？(表示建议)①Whydon'tyouhaveatryonceagain?＝Whynothaveatryonceagain?为什么不再试一下呢？②Whydon'tyoucallhimrightnow?25\n＝Whynotcallhimrightnow?为什么不立刻给他打个电话？拓展：向别人提建议也可以用：(1)hadbetterdo...最好做……(2)Let'sdo...,shallwe?让我们做……，好吗？(3)Iadviseyou(not)todo...我劝你(别)做……(4)Isuggestthatyou(not)do...我建议你(别)做……(5)Can'twedo...?难道我们不可以做……吗？(6)What/Howaboutdoing...?做……怎么样？(7)Willyoupleasedo...?请你做……好吗？(8)Wouldyoulike/lovetodo...?你愿意做……吗？(9)Iwonderifyoushoulddo...我想知道你是不是应该做……(10)Shallwedo...?我们做……好吗？[即境活用3] —It'salongtimesinceIsawmysister.—______herthisweekend?A．WhynotvisitB．WhynottovisitC．WhynotvisitingD．Whydon'tvisit解析：Whynotdo...？＝Whydon'tyoudo...?意为：“为什么不……呢？”用于提出建议。答案：A易错点拨自我完善·误区备考1.strength/force/energy/power(1)strength指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气”；说物时，指“强度”。也可指“强项，长处”。(2)force主要指自然界的力量，暴力，势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量，军事的力量等。(3)energy主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。25\n(4)power主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或机器等事物潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量；还可指职权、权力或政权。[应用1] 用energy/power/force和strength填空。(1)Manycountriesareincreasingtheiruseofnaturalgas,windandotherformsof__________.(2)Thepartycameto__________atthelastelection.(3)Gandiinsistedonwinningindependencebypeacefulstruggles,notby___________.(4)Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis___________.energypowerforcestrength2.join/combine/unite/connect(1)join侧重把原来不相连接的事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。短语：joinup联合起来；join...to/and...连接。(2)combine指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起。短语：combinewith与……结合。(3)unite指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体。(4)connect指两事物在某一点上相连接，但彼此又保持独立。短语：connect...to/with与……相连；beconnectedwith与……有关系。[应用2] 用join,combine,unite,connect的恰当形式填空。(1)__________，we'llstand;divided,we'lldie.(2)Effortsandconfidence_________tomakeafullman.(3)Thispath__________thehighwayupahead.(4)Thisrailway____________LondonandEdinburgh.Unitedcombinejoinsconnects3.glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpse25\n(1)glare侧重含有敌对情绪的“怒视”。(2)glance指快速地“一扫”“一瞥”。(3)stare指睁大眼睛出神地看或注视，凝视，多出于惊讶、好奇、羡慕等，有时是粗鲁无礼的。(4)gaze多指由于喜爱、憧憬或快乐而长时间无意识地注视。(5)glimpse无意识地一瞥，看到粗略印象，强调结果。[应用3] (1)Thepoliceman____________thethiefashedrovepast.(2)They___________ateachotherforalongtime,afterthequarrel.(3)It’simpoliteto___________atforeignguestsinthestreet.(4)He__________atherandlefthurriedly.(5)Thegirllikeslyingonherbackand__________atthestarsabove.glimpsedglaredstareglancedgazing高效作业自我测评·技能备考Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Ifyouhaveagoodd____________，youmayalwaysfeelfitandhealthy.2．Sorry,thisboxistooheavy.Idon'thavethes________toliftit.3．Outofc_____________，Iaskedanimpolitequestion,“MayIknowyourage？”4．Whenc____________gointoashop,theynaturallylooktotheirleftbutmoveclockwise,towardstheright.digestion strengthcuriositycustomers25\n5．C________________theeggswithalittleflourandheatthemixturegently.6．Insomecountries,peopleeattoomuchfatandsugar;theyshouldeata_________(均衡的)diettokeephealthy.7．Takingexerciseisofgreat_______(利益)toourhealth.8．IfIpayallmy______(债),I'llhavenomoneyleft.9．Heisnot______(苗条的)enoughtowearthesetighttrousers.10．Whogaveyou____________(允许)toleavetheofficesoearly?Combine balancedbenefitdebtsslimpermissionⅡ.单项选择1．(2010·山东潍坊质量监测)—Whydoyoueatallthevegetablesbutleave______meatuntouched?—I'mon______diet.A．a;theB．the;/C．/;aD．the;a答案：D解析：考查冠词。——你为什么吃了所有的蔬菜而不动肉呢？——我在节食。第一空特指双方都知道的“meat”，故用the；第二空onadiet“节食”，是固定搭配。2．Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir______andweaknesses.A．strengthsB．benefitsC．techniquesD．values答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。由题意知weakness的反义词是strength，指“强项”。3．(2010·福建六校三联)Evenifthetreatment______，there'sstillnomagicpillforpatientsinthelatestageofAIDS.A．doesB．usesC．worksD．helps答案：C25\n解析：考查动词辨析。work“起作用，生效”，符合语意：尽管治疗起作用了，对于晚期的艾滋病患者来说还是没有什么特效药。4．Onceyouhavedecidedtobuyanexpensivearticle,youhadbetter______anexpertonit.A．askB．adviseC．consultD．find答案：C解析：句意为“一旦你决定买件贵重物品，你最好找这方面的专家咨询一下”。consultsb.意为“向某人请教”。其他选项不符合语境。5．Alargesumofmoneyhasbeenraisedforthe______ofthepoorly－educatedchildreninthemountainousdistricts.A．profitB．favorC．advantageD．benefit答案：D解析：forthebenefitof...“为了……的利益/好处”，是固定搭配。6．You'dbetter______yourexpensesonclothes.A．cutupB．cutdownC．cutoffD．cutout答案：B解析：表示“削减花费/开销”，用cutdown。7．Aharmonioussocietyislikeasymphonyorchestra－eachpersoncontributesasmallsound,butwhen______withothersounds,itbecomesbeautifulmusic.A．combiningB．beingcombinedC．combinedD．tobecombined答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。当状语从句的主语与主句中的主语一致且谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，本句完整形式应为whenitiscombined...。8．Thechildshouldbepunished.Youshouldn’tlethim______tellinglies.25\nA．keepawayfromB．keepawaywithC．getawayfromD．getawaywith答案：D解析：考查动词短语。句意为：这个孩子应该受到惩罚。你不应该让他逃脱撒谎受到的处罚。getawaywith表示“侥幸成功，逃脱处罚”；getawayfrom表示“逃离”；keepawayfrom表示“远离”。9．Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit______oftenenough.A．explainingB．toexplainC．explainD．explained答案：D解析：本题中it指代thetrafficrule，它与explain构成动宾关系，因此用过去分词做宾补。havesth.done让别人做某事。10．Whatanunforgettableexperience!I’llwriteitdown______itisstillfreshinmymemory.A．sinceB．whileC．afterD．until答案：B解析：句意：多么令人难忘的经历！趁记忆犹新，我要把它写下来。while引导时间状语从句。11．Therewasanoilpainting______inthecorner.It______thereforseveraldays.A．laying;hadlaidB．lain;hadlaidC．lying;hadlainD．laid;hadbeenlain答案：C解析：第一空填lying表示“正处于某状态”；第二空填hadlain表示“已经处于该位置好几天了”。12．Ifyoujustspendtime______advantagesanddisadvantages,youmaygetnothingintheend.A．matchingB．balancingC．observingD．examining答案：B解析：balanceadvantagesanddisadvantages意为“权衡利弊”。25\n13．—Theweatherisn'tgoodenoughforanouting,isn'tit?—Notintheleast.Wecan'thave______atthistimeoftheyear.A．aworsedayB．anicerdayC．suchbadadayD．sofineaday答案：A解析：notintheleast相当于notatall,意为“根本不”。此题考查比较级的否定形式表达最高级的含义。B、D两项与题意不符；C项结构错误。14．—Lucydoesn'tmindlendingyouherdictionary.—She______.I'vealreadyborrowedone.A．can'tB．mustn'tC．needn'tD．shouldn't答案：C解析：句意为：“Lucy不介意把词典借给你。”“她不必了。我已经借了一本了。”本题测试情态动词的用法。needn't不必(不需要)；can't不能(不许)；mustn't不行(禁止)；shouldn't不该(责备)。15．—Whydon'tweholdapartytocelebratetheachievementsgainedbyourOlympicplayers?—______A．Becausewehaven'tgotenoughpreparations.B．Goodidea!C．It'sallbecauseoftheterribleweather.D．Notallwouldliketoattendit.答案：B解析：Whydon't...？“为什么不……？”用于提出建议，故回答B项“好主意”。Ⅲ.阅读理解AManypeoplethinkthesearchforcleanerenergyleadsonlytorenewableresourceslikesun,windandwater.Butitalsoleadstoafossilfuel.Naturalgasisconsideredthecleanestofthefossilfuels,thefuelcreatedbyplantandanimalremainsovermillionsofyears.Burningitreleasesfewerpollutantsthanoilorcoal.Thegasismainlymethane(甲烷).Itproduceshalfthecarbondioxideofotherfossilfuels.Soitmayhelpcuttheproductionofcarbongaseslinkedtoclimatechange.25\nRussiaisfirstinwhatarecalled“provedreserves”ofnaturalgas.TheUnitedStatesissixth.Overtheyears,bigoilandgascompaniesrecoveredmuchoftheeasilyreachedsuppliesofgasinAmerica.Theydrilledstraightdownintoformationswheregascollects.Asthesesupplieswereusedup,bigdrillerslookedforsimilarformationsinothercountries.Butnowtheindustryistakinganewlook.Companiesaredevelopinggassuppliestrappedinshale(页岩)rocktwotothreethousandmetersunderground.Theydrilldowntotheshale,thengosidewaysandinjecthighpressurewater,sandorothermaterialintotherock.Thiscausestherocktofracture,_releasingthegas.HugefieldsofgasshalearebelievedtolieundertheAppalachianMountains,Michiganandthesouthcentralstates.Gasshaleexplorationisbeingdonemainlybysmalltomediumsizedcompanies.EricPotter,aprogramdirector,saysmorethanhalfthegasintheUnitedStatesisnowcomingfromthesenewreserves.Buthydraulic(液压的)fracturingcanalsoproducedebateandangerovertheriskofgroundwaterpollution.ThismethodofdrillingisnotfederallysupervisedundertheSafeDrinkingWaterAct.SomeinCongresswanttoendthatexemption(豁免)fromthelaw.NaturalgasprovidesAmericanswithaboutonefourthoftheirenergy.And,unlikeoil,mostofitisproducedinAmerica.Gasproducersinvestedheavilyinreachingnewsupplieswhenpriceswerehigh.Butpricesaredownsharplynowbecausethedepressioncutdemandforenergy.SoenergyexpertEricPottersaysitistooearlytoknowhowthechangingmarketpriceswillaffectthemarketforgasshaleexploration.1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat______.A.naturalgasreleasesmethaneandcarbondioxideB.naturalgasisconsideredasthecleanestenergyC.naturalgasismoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanotherfossilfuelsD.naturalgasisarenewablesourceofenergy答案及解析：1．C。从Itproduceshalfthecarbondioxideofotherfossilfuels.Soitmayhelpcuttheproductionofcarbongaseslinkedtoclimatechange.可知天然气燃烧产生的二氧化碳气体只是燃烧其他矿物燃料的一半，所以是环保的。25\n2.Theword“fracture”inparagraph3probablymeans______.A.createB.breakC.changeD.decrease答案及解析：2．B。根据文章第四段内容在进行页岩气开采时，先用钻子钻入岩层再注入高压水、沙子或者其他材料到岩层当中，促使岩层开裂释放气体，所以答案是“break”，有“裂开、破碎”的意思。3.Fromthepassage,welearnthat______.A.bigoilandgascompaniesonlysearchforgasintheirowncountryB.gasshaleexplorationwillbetakenoverbybigoilandgascompaniesC.theremaybehugefieldsofgasshaleundertheAppalachianMountainsD.onefourthofthenaturalgasinAmericaiscomingfromgasshaleexploration答案及解析：3．C。从第三段HugefieldsofgasshalearebelievedtolieundertheAppalachianMountains,Michiganandthesouthcentralstates可以知道C项正确。4.Gasshaleexplorationmaycausedisagreementbecause______.A.itmaycausewaterpollutionB.itbringstoohighprofitsC.itbreaksthelawD.itisoutofstates'control答案及解析：4．A。从倒数第二段的第一句可以得出答案。25\n5.AccordingtoEricPotter,thenewgasshaleexploration______.A.willprovideAmericawithaboutonefourthoftheirenergyB.willincreasedemandforenergyC.willmakegasproducersinvestabigsumofmoneyD.maybeinfluencedbythechangingmarketprices答案及解析：5．D。从文章的最后一句可以得出答案。BTheincomegapbetweenChina'sruralandurbanresidents(居民)hascontinuedtowidenduringthepastfewyearsinspiteofrapidlyrisingruralincomes,AgriculturalMinisterSunZhengcaisaidhereonWednesday.Theincomeratio(比率)betweenurbanandruralresidentswas3.28：1in2006,against3.23：1in2003,saidSuninhisreportonthepromotionofbuildinganewcountrysidein2007.Sunalsosaidthenetincomeofruralresidentsindifferentregionsalsovariedwidely.Theincomegapisonlyoneofseveralproblemsinruralareas,accordingtoSun'sreport.Whilelistingtheachievementsinruralareasinrecentyears,Sunbelievedthatruraldevelopmentstillfollowedbehindurbandevelopment.“Wehavebiggerpressuretoensurethesupplyofmajoragriculturalproductssuchasgrain，”hesaid.“China'surbanization(都市化)hasbeenspeededupandmoreruralresidentshavegonetourbanareas，”hesaid.“Inthiscase,moreagriculturalproducersbecomefarmproduceconsumers,whichcreatedmorepressureforsupply，”hesaid.AnotherproblemfacingChina'sagriculturaldevelopmentisinadequateapplicationofscienceandtechnology.“Only30percentofscientificandtechnologicalachievementshavebeenappliedtoagriculturalproduction,whichis40percentagepointslowerthandevelopedcountries，”hesaid.Despiteincreasedgovernmentspendinginruralareas,theinfrastructure(基础设施)isstillpoorandeasilyhitbydisasters.25\nAccordingtoSun,thegovernmentspent431.8billionyuan($59.15billion)onagriculture,ruralareasandfarmersthisyear,anincreaseof80.1billionyuanoverthepreviousyear.Chinasetaside11.38billionyuantopromoteanewruralcooperativemedicalcaresystemand27.98billionyuantosupportthenewcompulsoryeducationmechanisminruralareatoensurethatallcitizenssharedthefruitsofChina'sreformandopeningup,Sunsaid.6.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Becauseoftherapidlyrisingruralincomes,theincomegapbetweenChina'sruralandurbanresidentswilldisappearthisyear.B.Thenetincomeofruralresidentsindifferentregionsisthesame.C.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestodeveloptheeconomyintheruralareas.D.Becauseoftherapidlyrisingruralincomes,thesupplyofmajoragriculturalproductsisenough.答案及解析：6．C。文章最后一段提到了政府对农村的投入，可知政府采取了措施来发展乡村经济。7.Canyouinferthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsinparagraph5?A.Bemadefulluseof.B.Bemadelittleuseof.C.Benotmadefulluseof.D.Bemadegooduseof.答案及解析：7．C。由接下来提到应用的比率及这个比率与发达国家的比较，可知应用得并不充分，但也不是只有一点儿。8.Howmuchisspentonagriculture,ruralareasandfarmersthepreviousyear?A.431.8billionyuan.B.511.9billionyuan.C.351.7billionyuan.D.80.1billionyuan.答案及解析：8．C。今年是431.8，比去年增长了80.1，那么去年应当是这两个数的差，即351.7。25\n9.WhichisNOTtheprobleminruralareas?A.Theincomegap.B.Theinadequateapplicationofscienceandtechnology.C.Thesupplyofmajoragriculturalproducts.D.China'surbanization.答案及解析：9．D。D当中提到的中国的城市化引起了农村人口的流动，这是引起农村问题的原因，不是问题本身。25
