任务型读写（建议用时：30分钟）1(2022·蚌埠模拟)阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。TheWorldBank,theUnitedNationsandtheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicinedidastudytourgehand-washingaroundtheworld.Theyfoundthatonemillionlivescouldbesavedeachyearifpeoplewashedtheirhandswithsoapoften.Theysaidthatprogramstoincreasehand-washingwithsoapcouldbeamongthemosteffectivewaystoreduceinfectiousdiseases.Doctorssaymanydiseasescanbepreventedfromspreadingbyhand-washing.Theseincludepinworms(寄生虫),influenza(流感),thecommoncold,hepatitis(肝炎)A,meningitis(脑膜炎)andinfectiousdiarrhea(腹泻).Hand-washingdestroysgermsfromotherpeople,animalsorobjectsapersonhastouched.Whenpeoplegetbacteriaontheirhands,noseormouth,theycaninfectthemselvesbytouchingtheireyes,noseormouth.Thenthesepeoplecaninfectotherpeople.Theexpertssaytheeasiestwaytocatchacoldistotouchyournoseoreyesaftersomeonenearbyhassneezedorcoughed.Anotherwaytobecomesickistoeatfoodpreparedbysomeonewhosehandswerenotclean.Theexpertssaythathand-washingisespeciallyimportantbeforeandafterpreparingfood,beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet.Peopleshouldwashtheirhandsafterhandlinganimalsoranimalwaste,andaftercleaningababy.Theexpertssayitisalsoagoodideatowashyourhandsafterhandlingmoneyandaftersneezingorcoughing.Anditisimportanttowashyourhandsoftenwhensomeoneinyourhomeissick.Theexpertssaythemosteffectivewaytowashyourhandsistorubthemtogetherwhileusingsoapandwarmwater.Theysayyoudonothavetousespecialantibacterialsoap.Besuretoruballareasofthehandsforabouttentofifteenseconds.Therubbingactionhelpsremovegerms.Thenrinse(冲洗)thehandswithwateranddrythem.Title:(1) (2) Hand-washingcouldbeamongthemosteffectivewaystoreduceinfectious-7-\ndiseases.Many(3) canbeprevented.Pinworms,influenza,thecommoncold,hepatitisA,meningitisandinfectiousdiarrhea.(4) todohand-washing·Beforeandafterpreparing(5) .·Beforeeatingandafterusingthe(6) .·Aftercleaningababy.·Afterhandlingmoneyandaftersneezingorcoughing.·Whenthereisa(7) inyourhome.(8) todohand-washing·Rubbingthemtogetherwhileusing(9) andwarmwater.·Rubbingallareasofthehandsforabout10—15secondsandrinsingthehandswithwateranddrythem.Howhand-washingworksHand-washing(10) upgermsfromotherpeople,animalsorobjectsapersonhastouched.2 阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。Electricityistraditionallyproducedbyburningfossilfuels,whichcontributesalottoglobalwarming.Inaddition,fossilfuelsaredecreasingandtheenergyshortageisaveryseriousproblem.Onewaytosolvetheseproblemsistousesolarpowertogenerateelectricityathome.Inthisway,youcanenjoyacontinuoussupplyofgreenelectricity.Evengovernmentsarenowencouragingmanyhomeownerstousesolarpowerbyofferingrewardsandloans.Onceyouinstall(安装)thesystem,itrequiresminimummaintenance(保养).However,makesurethatyoustillcleanandclearitproperly.Youcanconsultaprofessionalwhoknowsagreatdealaboutthesolarpowersystemsandhaveyourscheckedannually.Sunlightisavailableforall.Ifyouinstallasystemforyourhome,youwillsimplyneedtoinvestonceandcanthenbenefitaslongasthesystemisworkingproperly.Yourelectricitybillswilldefinitelybereduced.Youcanusethesolarpowersystemforyouroutdoorlightsandevenforindooruseaslongastheinverter(变频器)isbigenough.-7-\nSolarpanels(太阳能集热板)areoneofthemostpopularsolarpowersystemsusedtoday.Ifpowerfailuresarequitecommoninyourarea,itwouldreallyhelpalotifyouinstallasolarpowersystem.Mostproducersalsoprovideinsurance,soyoucanexpectthesolarpanelstobedurable(持久的).Youwon’thearanynoisesincethepanelsworkquietlywhileproducingthenecessaryenergy.Withthesolarpowersystem,youcanhelpdecreasepollutionandprotecttheenvironmentagainstachangefortheworse.Itishightimethatyoumadeachoicethatcanhaveasignificantimpactontheworld.Title:ThesolarpowersystemisamustPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsReasons•Burningfossilfuels(1) alottoglobalwarming.•Fossilfuelsare(2) .Governments’(3) Governments(4) rewardsandloansforhomeowners.(5) •Minimummaintenanceis(6) .•Itcan(7) yourelectricitycosts.•Itis(8) indealingwithpowerfailures.•Insuranceisofferedbymostproducers.•Thepanelsworkwithoutany(9) .ConclusionSolarpowersystemhelpspreventtheenvironmentbecoming(10) .3(2022·合肥模拟) 阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填一个单词。Truefriendsareraretocomebythesedays.Evenifyoubelieveyou’veconnectedwithsomeone,howdoyoureallyknowheisatruefriend?Andoftenyouwillfindthatsomeonewhoyouthoughtyoucouldtrustmayhaveletyoudown.Therearewaysyoucanknowifafriendshipistrueandhowyoucanholdontothatfriend.Atruefriendissomeonewhowillbethereforyounomatterwhathappens.Throughgoodtimesandbadtimes,theywillstandbyyou.Theywillacceptyouforwhoyouarewithouttryingto-7-\nchangeyou,andtheywillbetheretohelpyougrowinnewways.Trustisanotherimportantaspect.Atruefriendwillkeepyoursecrets.Theywillbehonestandbesomeoneyoucandependon.Theywilllistenandbesomeoneyouknowyoucantalkthingsoverwith,eveniftheymaynothaveadvicetosharewithyou.Friendshipisatwo-waystreetthough.Tofindtruefriendsandkeepthem,youmustinturnbethesameaswell.Bethereforthemintheirhardtimesandsharethegoodtimeswiththem.Besomeoneyourfriendscandependonaswellandofferthemthesamethingstheygivetoyou.Afriendshipwillfallapartfastifonlyonepersonisgivingandputtingalltheeffortsin.Ifyouaretheonlyonemakinganeffort,behonest.Therewillbebarriersintheroadbutthatisthetestoftruefriendship.Ifitcansurvivethosebarriers,itwillbestrongerandbetterthanever.StThomasAquinassaid,“Thereisnothingonthisearthmoreprizedthanfriendship”anditholdstrue.Howtofindatruefriend?Thewriter’s(1) onfriendsnowadays·Truefriends(2) comebynowadays.·Thosewhoyouregardedasyourfriendsmaymakeyou(3) .Characteristicsoftruefriendship·Atruefriendwill(4) youwhateverhappens.·Atruefriendwillkeepyoursecretsandbeagood(5) .Waysto(6) friendship·Staywithyourfriendswhentheyarein(7) .·Besomeonewhoyourfriendscan(8) .·(9) isthekeytokeepafriendshipifyouaretheonlyonemakingefforts.ConclusionTruefriendshipcanstanduptovarious(10) andgrowstrongerandbetter.答案解析11.Hand-washing【解析】综合概括题。标题的概括有时就是信息的筛选,通过通读全文,-7-\n查找出短文中心词。本短文谈论hand-washing,故直接填入。注意首字母大写。2.Theme【解析】综合概括题。根据短文第一段和表格左栏可知。注意首字母大写。3.diseases【解析】信息筛选题。根据第二段第一句Doctorssaymanydiseasescanbepreventedfromspreadingbyhand-washing.直接筛选出单词diseases。4.When【解析】综合概括题。根据短文最后一段、表格左栏上下单元格和右栏内容关系可知此处谈的是洗手的时间,应用when,注意首字母大写。5.food【解析】信息筛选题。从最后一段首句Theexpertssaythathand-washingisespeciallyimportantbeforeandafterpreparingfood...可以筛选出单词food直接填入。6.toilet【解析】信息筛选题。从最后一段首句...beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet.中筛选出单词toilet。7.patient【解析】综合概括题。由最后一段第四句Anditisimportanttowashyourhandsoftenwhensomeoneinyourhomeissick.可知家里有人生病时经常洗手是很重要的。8.How【解析】综合概括题。根据短文最后一段、表格左栏上下单元格和右栏内容关系可知此处谈的是洗手的方法,应用how,注意首字母大写。9.soap【解析】信息筛选题。由最后一段第五句Theexpertssay...whileusingsoapandwarmwater.可以筛选出单词soap。10.clears【解析】整合转换题。从短文倒数第二句Therubbingactionhelpsremovegerms.中提取信息词remove,根据表格句型转换后应使用短语clearup。2答案:1.contributes 2.decreasing 3.support/encouragement 4.provide 5.Advantages 6.required/needed 7.reduce 8.helpful 9.noise 10.worse-7-\n31.opinions/views/viewpoints【解析】综合概括题。综合首段所谈内容和表格左右栏逻辑关系可知此处谈的是作者的观点。2.rarely/seldom/hardly/infrequently【解析】整合转换题。由短文第一段首句Truefriendsareraretocomebythesedays.提取关键信息词rare,填入表格后应转换为副词rarely作状语。3.disappointed【解析】整合转换题。短文首段第三句Andoftenyouwillfindthatsomeonewhoyouthoughtyoucouldtrustmayhaveletyoudown.提到haveletyoudown,在表格中整合转换为句型结构makeyoudisappointed。4.support【解析】整合转换题。第二段第一句Atruefriendissomeonewhowillbethereforyounomatterwhathappens.中提到beforyou(支持你),在表格中整合转换为句型结构supportyou。5.listener【解析】整合转换题。由短文第三段最后一句Theywilllistenandbesomeoneyouknowyoucantalkthingsoverwith,eveniftheymaynothaveadvicetosharewithyou.可知真正的朋友应该是个聆听者。故整合转换为listener。6.keep/hold/maintain【解析】综合概括题。根据短文第四段概括可知,同时第四段第二句Tofindtruefriendsandkeepthem,youmustinturnbethesameaswell.也出现了信息词keep,直接填入。7.trouble/difficulty/hardship/misfortune/need【解析】整合转换题。第四段第三句Bethereforthemintheirhardtimesandsharethegoodtimeswiththem.提到intheirhardtimes,在表格中应转换为句型inhardship/trouble/difficulty/misfortune/need。8.trust【解析】整合转换题。第四段第四句Besomeoneyourfriendscandependonaswellandofferthemthesamethingstheygivetoyou.中提到yourfriendscandependon,在表格中整合转换为yourfriendscantrust。9.Honesty【解析】整合转换题。第四段最后一句Ifyouaretheonlyonemakinganeffort,behonest.-7-\n提取信息词honest,在表格中转换为honesty作主语。注意首字母大写。10.barriers/tests【解析】信息筛选题。从短文最后一段筛选出单词barriers,直接填入。-7-
