专题十二 状语从句1.(2022·安徽卷)Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimes______itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant”．A.before B.afterC.since D.while2.(2022·江苏卷)Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,________historycannotbechanged.A.though B.asC.since D.unless3.(2022·北京卷)________theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.A.As B.WhenC.Eventhough D.Incase4.(2022·天津卷)________youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.A.Unless B.AlthoughC.Before D.Once5.(2022·浙江卷)Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn________shecouldstayhomeandraiseherchild.A.nowthat B.asifC.onlyif D.sothat6.(2022·湖南卷)Youwillnevergainsuccess________youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.A.when B.because C.after D.unless7.(2022·山东卷)Idon'treallyliketheauthor，________Ihavetoadmithisbooksareveryexciting.A.although B.unlessC.until D.once8.(2022·陕西卷)Theyoungcouple,whoreturnedmylostwallet,left________Icouldaskfortheirnames.A.while B.before C.after D.since9.(2022·重庆卷)Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi________thebushaddroppedher.A.until B.when C.although D.where10.(2022·湖南卷)Children,when________bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.A.tobeaccompanied B.toaccompanyC.accompanying D.accompanied1.【答案】A【解析】句意：在“nice”这个词最后包括“pleasant”的意义之前，它的意思变化了好几次了。本句中的副词finally，说明意义多次变化是之前发生的事情。如果选since，主句部分应该为现在完成时或完成进行时，故选before。2.【答案】A【解析】句意：尽管历史不能改变，但是为了面对未来我们还是要从历史中学会教训。根据句意可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，所以使用though表示让步和转折。as表让步时，从句要用倒装。3.【答案】C-10-\n【解析】句意：即使那个森林公园很遥远，但是每年都有很多游客到那里参观。根据句意可知，上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用eventhough表示让步转折关系。as(由于，因为；随着)；when(当……时)；incase(以防)。4.【答案】D【解析】句意：一旦你开始以一种较健康的方式吃饭，控制体重就会变得容易的多。unless(除非……；如果……不……)；although(尽管)；before(在……之前)。根据句意可知主从句之间是条件与结果关系，once表条件，意为“一旦”。5.【答案】D【解析】句意：当Cathy的儿子出生的时候，Cathy就辞职了，以便她可以待在家里抚养孩子。本题中的连词短语nowthat(既然)；asif(似乎，好像)；onlyif(只要……)；sothat(以便，为了；结果是)。根据句意可知D项正确。6.【答案】D【解析】句意：如果你不全身心投入工作，你永远都成功不了。when(当……时候)；because(因为)；after(在……之后)；unless(除非；如果……不……)。根据句意可知D项正确。7.【答案】A【解析】句意：尽管我承认他的书很精彩，但是我并不喜欢这个作者。根据句意可知主从句之间存在转折关系。只有although(尽管)有转折关系。8.【答案】B【解析】句意：我还没来得及问他们的名字，归还我丢掉的钱包的那对年轻夫妻就离开了。本题考查状语从句连词辨析。beforesb.coulddosth.表示“还没来及做……就”。9.【答案】D【解析】句意：半小时后，在公交车把她丢下的地方，Lucy还是没有坐上出租车。本题中where引导的是一个地点状语从句，修饰动词短语getataxi。10.【答案】D【解析】句意：当有父母陪伴时，儿童是被允许进入体育馆的。本题考查的是状语从句的省略。当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略。本句中accompany的逻辑主语是children,并且是被动关系，whenaccompanied＝whentheyareaccompanied。掌握状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。近年来的高考主要侧重对让步状语从句中的while,though/as;时间状语从句中的before,since；目的状语从句中的sothat等考查。另外，与其他从句和并列句的区别也是高考中的关注点。要点储备一：九大状语从句种类连接词例句-10-\n时间状语(1)when,while,as(2)before,after(3)until,till(4)bythetime(5)hardly...when/before＝nosooner...than＝assoonas＝themoment/theminute/theinstant＝directly/immediately/instantly(6)every/each/thefirst/thenexttime(7)once(8)sinceHefellwhenhewasridinghisbike.Thechildrensangastheydanced.Hismotherwon'tgotobeduntilhecomesback.Bythetimeyougetthere,hewillhavereceivedtheparcel.Nosoonerhadhecomebackthanthephonerang.＝Hardlyhadhecomebackwhen/beforethephonerang.ThemomentIsawher,Itoldheraboutyourarrival.＝Directly/AssoonasIsawher,Itoldheraboutyourarrival.EverytimeIsawhim,themanwasalwaysreadinganewspaper.YoushallhavethebookonceIhavereadit.YouhavebeenreadingtomeeversinceJameswentout.注意：主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时或现在完成时地点状语where,wherever/anywhereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.Weyouthwillgowhere/wherever/anywherewearemostneeded.原因状语(1)because,as,since,now(that)(2)seeingthat－clauseIt'sspringnowbecausethewinterisover.(because表明直接原因)consideringthat－clauseIt'sspringnow,fortheflowersareout.(for为并列连词，表推测说明)Nowthat/Sinceweareallhere,let'sbeginatonce.(表示大家都明了的原因)Consideringthatheisyoung,hehasdoneagoodjob.Hedidn'tcomeherenotbecausehewasillbutbecausehedidn'twantto.注意：because表明直接或必然的原因；回答why－？；可用于强调句型；可用于notbecause...butbecause...结构；引导表语从句-10-\n条件状语(1)if,unless＝if...not,exceptwhen(2)once,incase(3)as/solongas＝onconditionthat－clause(4)provided/providingthat－clause＝suppose/supposingthat－clause(5)as/sofaras(至于，就……而言)Iwon'tgotothepartyunlessIaminvited.＝Iwon'tgotothepartyifIamnotinvited.Onceyouhavepromised,youshouldcarryitout.Aslongasyoudon'tloseheart,you'llsucceedintime.Iwilllendyouthemoneyonconditionthatyourepayittome.Supposewedon'tgettheteacher'sapproval,whatshouldwedothen？SofarasIknow,thereisnosuchpersoninourschool.注意：主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时或现在完成时目的状语(1)so(that),inorderthat(2)forfear(that)＝incase(that)＝lest(唯恐，以免)Istartedearlysothat/inorderthatIwouldarrivethereintime.Heisworkinghardforfearthatheshouldfallbehindothers.Theytookanumbrellaincase/lestitshouldrain.注意：(1)sothat和inorderthat后常接may,might,can,could,will,wouldshould等情态动词。sothat－clause不可放句首(2)forfearthat－clause＝inorderthat－clause的否定结果状语(1)so...that(2)such...that(3)sothat(4)thatIwassosleepythatIcouldhardlykeepmyeyesopen.Heissuchakindboythateverybodywhoknowshimlikeshim.Hedidwellintheexamthattheteacherpraisedhiminfrontoftheclass.注意：结果状语从句用一般过去时表结果，这是与目的状语从句的重要区别，目的状语从句中的谓语动词常用的是can,could,might,may等加动词原形比较状语(1)than(2)as...as,notso/as...as(3)themore...themoreItrainsmoreofteninShanghaithaninBeijing.Theresultwasnotas/sogoodasIhadexpected.Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprocessyou'llmake.注意：themore...,themore句型中前分句相当于条件状语从句，后分句相当于表结果的主句-10-\n方式状语(1)asif,asthough(2)(just)as(3)as...,(so)...(4)theway(以……的方式)DoinRomeastheRomansdo.Justaswesweepourrooms,soweshouldsweepbackwardideasfromourminds.Theyignorethesefactsasif(＝asthough)theyneverexisted.Thewordisn'tspelledthesamewayitispronounced.注意：asif和asthough引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，有时也用陈述语气让步状语(1)though,although,as(2)evenif,eventhough(3)whether...or...(无论……还是……)(4)while(放主句前)(5)what/which/who/whose/where/how/when－everYoungas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.nomatterwhat/which/who/whose/when/where/howWewon'tbediscouragedevenif(＝eventhough)wefailtentimes.Itwasanexcitinggame,though/althoughnogoalswerescored.Whether(heis)sickorwell,heisalwayscheerful.Whileitbringsconveniencetoourcommunication,theInternetmayaffectourlife.Whenever/Nomatterwhenyoucallonme,youarewelcome.注意：引导让步状语从句的连词不可与but连用，但可与副词still,yet,nevertheless连用要点储备二：几组从属连词需区别对待组别辨析例句1When(1)意为“当……时”，引导的从句中的谓语动词既可为持续性动词，也可为短暂性动词(2)表示从句的动作在主句的动作之前或之后发生时，多用when(3)含有“andatthatmoment”的意思，引起的句子不能放在句首(4)表原因，意为“既然”，所引导的从句放主句后while(1)引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的(2)意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放主句前(3)意为“趁着……”(4)表对比，放句中asStrikewhiletheironishot.WhileIamwashingthefloor,youcanbecleaningthewindows.When/AsIcamehome,Imetanoldschoolmateofmine.Helookedbehindfromtimetotimeashewent.Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.Ithoughtofitjustasyouopenedyourmouth.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,whileinfact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.WhileIunderstandyou,Ican'tagreetoyourplan.-10-\n(1)意为“当……时”，引导的从句中的谓语动词既可为持续性动词，也可为短暂性动词，同when经常可以互换(2)主从句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时，可译为“一边……，一边……”(3)表“时日推移”，译为“随着”(4)表两个短促动作几乎同时发生Whyshouldyoustayinsuchasmallhousewhenyouhaveabiggerone？Hewasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.2so＋＋that–clausesuch＋★one/no/any/many/all/much/several/...＋such＋n.Hemadesuchrapidprogressthatwealladmiredhim.Hemadesomuchprogressthatwealladmiredhim.Hemadesucharapidadvancethatwealladmiredhim.Hemadesorapidanadvancethatwealladmiredhim.Hemadesomanyachievementsthatwealladmiredhim.Hemadesuchlotsofachievementsthatwealladmiredhim.Hemademanysuchachievementsthatwealladmiredhim.区别：Heissuchagreatpoetthatwealladmirehim.Heissuchagreatpoetaswealladmire.3unless强调条件until强调时间Ididn'tfinishreadingthebookuntilMumcameback.Ican'tfinishtheworkunlessyouhelpme.4as/solongas(只要……就)assoonas(一……就)as/sofaras...(就……而言，依……范围)Theywillmakethefirecrackersaslongasthereisamarket.As/SofarasI'mconcerned,Iagreewithheridea.Webegantoreadassoonasthebellrang.5as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式：n./adj./adv./v.＋as＋主语＋谓语，＋主句though从句用正常语序或倒装形式均可；though还可以用作副词，放在句末；though引导的让步状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致时，可用省略结构although只能用正常语序，较正式while引导让步状语从句时，放主句前Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Tryas/thoughhemight,hestillfailed.Hardas/thoughhetried,hestilldidn'tdowellinit.Wellequippedwithmodernequipmentasitwas,thelabdidn'tsatisfyitsfutureowner.Itwashardwork;Ienjoyedit,though.＝Itwashardwork,butIenjoyedit.Thoughgrowingupinthecountry,heprefersthelifeinthecity.Thoughbroughtupinthecountry,heprefers-10-\nthelifeinthecity.Hedecidedtogo,althoughIbeggedhimnotto.WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon'tagreethattheycannotbesolved.要点储备三：牢记常用句型，有备无患1when常见句型：(1)Whenitcomesto...(当谈到……的话题时)(2)主语1＋＋when主语2＋did(正要去做某事，这时突然……)(3)主语1＋was/weredoingsth.＋when主语2＋did(正在做某事，这时突然……)(4)主语1＋had(hardly/just)donesth.＋when主语2＋did(刚做完某事，这时突然……)Whenitcomestohisdaughter,hebecomestalkative.Hewasleaving/wasabouttoleave/wasonthepointofleavingwhenthetelephonerang.WewerewatchingTVwhensuddenlythelightswentout.Theyhadjust/hardlycomebackwhenitbegantorain.2“一……就……”的句型(有时也用once表示)(1)themoment/instant/minute/second/...(2)immediately/directly/instantly/...(3)hardly/scarcely...when...(4)nosooner...than...(5)assoonas...ThemomentIgothome,itbegantorain.＝Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.＝Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.＝Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.＝NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.3时间状语从句与强调句型：Itwillbest.beforeSdo(es)sth.多久后某人会…Itwasst.beforeSdidsth.多久后才；不久就…(否定句中)S1haddonesth.(didsth.)beforeS2coulddosth./hadtimetodosth.还没来得及…就…Itis/hasbeenst.sinceSdidsth.自从…有多久Itwas点时whenSdidsth.某人做某事时是…Itwasat+点时thatSdidsth.某人是在某时做了某事ItwasnotlongbeforeIforgotitall.Itlastedfourhoursbeforethefirewascontrolled.HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim.Hewoulddiebeforehegavein.＝Hewoulddieratherthangivein.Puttheglassawaybeforeitgetsbroken.It's3yearssincehejoinedthearmy.Itwasalmost8o'clockwhenhecamehome.Itwasat8o'clockthathecamehome.4ThefirsttimeIsawhim,hewasreadinganovel.ThefirsttimeIsawhim,Ithoughthimtobehonest.Icamehereforthefirsttime.-10-\nThisisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedtheplace.Itis(high/about)timethatwewenttobed.5状语从句的省略结构：有些表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等的状语从句中，如果谓语含有动词be，主语又和主句中的主语一致，或者主语是it，常把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略掉。常用结构：(1)asif＋todo/doing/done;when/while＋doing/done;unless/if＋done,S＋P(2)if/whenpossible/necessary/not/any/ever...,S＋PLookoutforcarswhen/while(youare)crossingthestreet.Shehurriedlylefttheroomasif/asthough(shewere)veryangry.If(itis)possible,I'dliketohavetwocopiesofit.Sheadvisedmenottosayanythingunless(Iwas)asked.As(hewas)ayoungman,hestudiedlawandbecamealawyer.重点突破日常学习中要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连词以及热点连词所用的常规句型。同时易混淆的连词与副词、介词(短语)的细微差异也应该了然在心。理顺整个句子的逻辑意义是解题的关键。1.________youropinionsareworthconsidering,thecommitteefindsitunwisetoplacetoomuchimportanceonthem.A.As B.SinceC.If D.While2.________yougo,________youshouldkeepinmindisthatyouareaChinese.A.Wherever;whatB.Wherever;whateverC.Where;whateverD.Where;what3.Iwasabouttoinformyouofthesuddenchange________anunexpectedvisitorcame.A.becauseB.before C.when D.unless4.It'sdifficulttolearnalanguagewell________you'veactuallyusedit.A.untilB.afterC.ifD.when5.Sinkinginthecheersofpeople,Davidwalkedoffthestage,tearsdropping________hecouldstopthem.A.afterB.when C.until D.before6.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?—Idon'tmindwherewego________there'ssun,seaandbeach.A.aslongas B.asifC.nowthat D.inorderthat7.Parentsareadvisedtoputbooks________theyareeasilyaccessibletochildren.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.who8.Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,if________fortelevision,wouldbeahit.A.adapted B.beingadaptedC.tobeadapted D.havingbeenadapted9.—Shesuggestedthenumberofcarsshouldbelimitedtostopairpollution.—________，theideaisnotverypractical.A.Soundsgoodasit B.Asitsoundsgood-10-\nC.Asgooditsounds D.Goodasitsounds10.________fearyouface,thereisalmostcertainlyasolutionifyoudealwithitcalmlyandwiselyandgetsomehelptofigureouthowtoreduceorgetridofit.A.WhereverB.WheneverC.NomatterhowD.Nomatterwhat11.Theaudienceburstintoagreatcheerandapplause________thepopularsingerappearedonthestage,accompaniedbythehost.A.untilB.incaseC.unlessD.themoment12.Just________wesweepourrooms,weshouldsweepoldideasfromourminds.A.whenB.asC.thoughD.once13.Peopleoftenputwind－horseflagsontopofhousesorleavethem________avehicleaccidenthappenedtopreventevilspiritsfrominjuringpeopleagain.A.whereB.howC.whichD.inwhich14.—Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe________weknowtheresultofthejobinterview?—Aboutonemonth.A.when B.before C.after D.until15.Idon'twanttotalktoyou________you'resoannoyedandimpatient.A.when B.unless C.though D.till1.【答案】D【解析】句意：尽管你的观点值得考虑，但是委员会还是认为过于重视你的观点是不明智的。while放句首，意为“尽管”，表示上下文的转折。2.【答案】A【解析】句意：无论你到哪，你应该记住的是你是一个中国人。wherever(无论去哪儿);what(所做、所说、所看的)。3.【答案】C【解析】句意：我正要通知你那个突然变化时，一名不速之客突然来访。固定句型beabouttodosth.when...(正要做某事，这时……)。4.【答案】A【解析】句意：一门语言要到你已经实际使用了才能学好。until(直到……)；after(在……之后)；if(是否)；when(当……时)。因此选A项。5.【答案】D【解析】句意：淹没在人们的欢呼声中，David走下舞台，眼泪来不及阻止就滚落下来了。beforesb.coulddosth.＝beforesb.hadtimetodosth.(还没来得及做某事)。6.【答案】A【解析】句意：——暑假你有什么打算吗？——只要有太阳、大海和海滩，我们到哪我都不介意。aslongas(只要)；asif(好像，似乎)；nowthat(既然)；inorderthat(为了)。7.【答案】B【解析】句意：建议家长把书放在孩子们容易拿到的地方。where引导地点状语从句。8.【答案】A【解析】句意：这个导演完全被说服了，这个动人的故事如果能改编成电视剧将会大热。本题考查状语从句的省略，从句中的adapt与它的逻辑主语之间是被动关系，ifadapted＝ifitisadapted。9.【答案】D-10-\n【解析】句意：——为了阻止空气污染，她建议限制汽车的数量。——虽然听起来很好，但是这个想法不太实用。这里使用as的倒装句，表“虽然”，结构为“名词/动词/形容词/副词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语”，所以选D项。10.【答案】D【解析】空格后是名词fear，所以选nomatterwhat＝whatever。11.【答案】D【解析】句意：那个当红歌星在主持人的陪同下一上舞台，观众中就爆发出了雷鸣般的掌声、欢呼声。themoment＝assoonas，用作连词，意为“一……就”。12.【答案】B【解析】句意：正如我们打扫房间一样，我们应该把我们陈腐的思想从脑袋中清除出去。(just)as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如……，像……”。13.【答案】A【解析】句意：人们通常把风马旗放在屋顶上或者把他们留在车祸发生的地方以防止邪恶再次伤害人们。leave/putsth.where－clause(把……放在……地方)；此处where引导地点状语从句。14.【答案】B【解析】句意：——你认为多久后我们能知道工作面试的结果？——大约一个月。doyouthink是插入语，本题考查itwillbe＋一段时间＋before＋从句(一般现在时)。15.【答案】A【解析】句意：既然你那么生气、不耐烦，我不想同你说了。when在句中表“既然，考虑到”。请使用“课后训练·语法专项突破十二”活页练习，及时查漏补缺！-10-
