贵阳市2022高考英语（新人教版）一轮阅读训练（20）附答案课时作业(二十) [必修4 Unit5Themeparks](限时：45分钟)完形填空OneofmyfavouritefamilyphotographswastakenlastyearatDisneyland.Wewereatthe__1__ofaridecalled“SplashMountain”andthepicturewastakenjustaswewerestartingto__2__down.Disneylandcleverlydesignedanautomaticcamera,__3__atthemostfrighteningpartoftheridetotakephotosoftheriders.These__4__picturesarethendisplayedattheexitofSplashMountainandareavailableto__5__.Theyarenotexpensive.Ilovethisphotographbecauseit'ssoreal.__6__，whenyouaregoingtotakepictures,youtidyyourhairand__7__aprettysmile，wantingtolookbest.Thispictureis__8__，showingaperfectmixtureof__9__andterroronourfaces.Myhusband's__10__isopeninascreamashehangsontome.Mysonis__11__hisbaseballcapbackwardssoitwon'tflyoff.EverytimeIlookatthatphotograph,Ifeel__12__.Throughthispicture，Isensethatlifeshouldbea(n)__13__andthatweshouldhavecourageandenjoynew__14__allthetime.However，mostofthetimewedrawback__15__fear.Fearisakindofsickfeelingthatcan__16__usfromexperiencingnewinterestingthingsinlife.Infact,__17__FranklinD.Rooseveltsaid,theonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself.So，whenyoufeellikeyou'reatthetopofarollercoasterwithahuge,__18__droprightbeforeyoureyes,thatisnotthetimetoretreat(撤退).Thatisthetimeto__19__.That'sthetimetoputabigsmileonyourface，screamifyouneedto，hugthoseyou__20__andmoveforwardtowardsthenewadventuresahead.文章从在迪斯尼乐园游玩时在最刺激的时刻自动拍摄的照片谈起，通过美国前总统FranklinD．Roosevelt说的话“我们唯一恐惧的是恐惧本身”引出主旨：要勇敢地面对所面临的恐惧，拥抱你喜爱的事物勇往直前。1．A.endB.topC.bottomD.back答案：B。从下文的werestartingto__2__down可推断出，此处为top。atthetopof在……的顶上。-12-\n2．A.turnB.cutC.breakD.rush答案：D。由SplashMountain这一刺激乘坐游戏的常识可知，此处为从最高处快速下冲，故选rush(冲，奔)。turn(翻转)具有一定的干扰性。3．A.pacedB.organizedC.performedD.established答案：A。由语境可知，迪斯尼公司很聪明地设置了一些自动摄像机，调整拍摄时间，在乘坐者感受最刺激的时刻拍照。pace为……定步速(或速度)，调整……的速度(或步调)。如：Theteacherpacedhisteachingtohisstudents’abilities.教师根据学生的能力调整教学进度。establish(建立，制定，确立，创办)虽具有一定的干扰性，但动宾搭配不对，也不符合语境。4．A.uglyB.surprisingC.popularD.funny答案：D。由常识可知人在感觉最刺激的时候，恐惧和高兴相交融的样子一定很滑稽可笑。funny好笑的，滑稽的，有趣的。5．A.seeB.enjoyC.buyD.charge答案：C。由常识可知迪斯尼乐园之所以这么做是出于商业经营的角度，提供有趣又不贵且有纪念意义的照片供游客购买。故选C。6．A.UsuallyB.FinallyC.GraduallyD.Hardly答案：A。通常，在我们拍照时……7．A.takeoverB.makeupC.burstoutD.puton答案：D。通常在你准备照相时，你会整理一下头发，带上一副笑容以展现自己最美的一面。puton戴上，puton(wear)asmile带着笑容。8．A.informalB.naturalC.regularD.serious答案：B。迪斯尼乐园的这些照片是自然的。natural自然状态的，不做作的，逼真的。9．A.doubtB.worriedC.joyD.pride答案：C。在脸上完美地展示了快乐与恐惧的融合。由空后的terror和常识可得出结论。10．A.mouthB.noseC.armD.hand-12-\n答案：A。由空后的openinascream和常识判断，应该是张大嘴巴，而不是张开双臂。11．A.showingB.dressingC.wearingD.having答案：C。我儿子正反着戴他的棒球帽以免飞走。wear穿着，戴着，佩带着，蓄着(衣服、饰物、帽子、手表、项链、胡子、笑容等)。12．A.curiousB.excitedC.nervousD.ashamed答案：B。每次当我看到那张照片时，我就觉得兴奋。13．A.struggleB.pictureC.stageD.adventure答案：D。通过这张照片，我意识到生活也应该是一种冒险经历。adventure冒险，冒险精神，激动人心的活动，冒险活动。14．A.decisionsB.experiencesC.impressionsD.thoughts答案：B。我们应该始终有勇气欣赏这种新的经历。experience经验，体验，经历，阅历。15．A.becauseofB.insteadofC.inplaceofD.inspiteof答案：A。然而，大多数时候我们因为恐惧而退缩。由行文逻辑可知，此处表示因果关系。16．A.protectB.defendC.preventD.guard答案：C。恐惧是一种可以阻止我们体验生活中新鲜有趣的事情的不健全的、病态的感觉。preventsb.fromdoingsth.，阻止某人做某事。protect...from保护……以免受伤害或损失。17．A.whichB.asC.whatD.when答案：B。assb.says正如某人所说的……18．A.scaryB.confusingC.disappointingD.angry答案：A。由空前的atthetopofarollercoaster可知是令人害怕的。scary可怕的，提心吊胆的，引起恐慌的。19．A.expectB.prepareC.advanceD.function答案：C。那不是退缩的时刻，那是前进的时刻。由上一句可知设空处应是和retreat(撤退)相对的一个词，故选advance(前进)。20．A.admireB.notice-12-\nC.supportD.love答案：D。那是展现自己灿烂笑容，必要时可以高声尖叫，拥抱那些你所喜爱的事物并且勇敢前进去面对前面新的冒险。从语境和动宾搭配的角度看，love最佳。阅读理解A[2022·福建卷]SomepeoplebelievethataRobinHoodisatwork,othersthatawealthypersonsimplywantstodistributehisorherfortunebeforedying.Butthedonatorwhostartedsendingenvelopeswithcashtodeservingcauses,accompaniedbyanarticlefromthelocalpaper,hasmadeanorthernGermancitybelieveinfairytales(童话)．Thefirstenvelopewassenttoavictimsupportgroup.Itcontained10，000withacuttingfromtheBraunschweigerZeitungabouthowthegroupsupportedawomanwhowasrobbedofherhandbag;similarplainwhiteanonymous(匿名)envelopes,eachcontaining10，000,thenarrivedatakindergartenandachurch.Theenvelopskeepcoming,andsofaratleast190，000hasbeendistributed.Lastmonth,oneofthemwassenttothenewspaper'sownoffice.ItcameafterastoryitpublishedaboutTom,a14yearoldboywhowasseverelydisabledinaswimmingaccident.ThereceptionistattheBraunschweigerZeitungopenedananonymouswhiteenvelopetofind20notesof500inside,withacopyofthearticle.Thenameofthefamilywasunderlined.“IwasdrivingwhenIheardthenews，”ClaudiaNeumann,theboy'smother,toldDerSpiegelmagazine.“Ihadtoparkonthesideoftheroad;Iwasspeechless.”Themoneywillbeusedtomaketheentrancetotheirhousewheelchairaccessibleandforacourseoftreatmentthattheirinsurancecompanyrefusedtopayfor.“Forsomeonetoactsoselflessly,forthistohappeninsuchasocietyinwhicheveryonethinksofhimself,wasastonishing，”MrsNeumannsaid.HerfamilywonderwhetherthedonatorisaRobinHoodcharacter,takingfrombankstogivetotheneedy.HenningNoske,theeditoroftheBraunschweigerZeitung,said：“Maybeitisanoldpersonwhoisabouttodie.Wejustdonotknow.”However,hehastoldhisreportersnottolookforthecity'shero,forfearthatdiscoverymaystopthedonations.16．TheBraunschweigerZeitungisthenameof________．A．achurchB．abankC．anewspaperD．amagazine17．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthedonationtoTom?A．Thedonationamountedto190，000.B．Thedonationwassentdirectlytohishouse.C．Themoneywillbeusedforhiseducation.D．Hismotherfeltastonishedatthedonation.18．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________．A．thedonatorisaricholdmanB．thedonationwillcontinuetocomeC．thedonationcomesfromthenewspaper-12-\nD．thedonatorwillsoonbefoundout19．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．MoneyIsRaisedbytheNewspaperB．NewspaperDistributesMoneytotheNeedyC．UnknownHeroSpreadsLoveinEnvelopesD．RobinHoodReturnstotheCityBUhoh,thenewyear'sjustbegunandalreadyyou'refindingithardtokeepthoseresolutionstojunkthejunkfood，getoffthecouchorkicksmoking.There'sabiologicalreasonwhyalotofourbadhabitsaresohardtobreak—theygetdeeprootedinourbrains.That'snotanexcusetogiveup.Understandinghowunhealthybehaviorsbecomedeeprootedhasscientistslearningsometricksthatmayhelpgoodhabitsreplacethebad.“Whyarebadhabitsstronger?You'refightingagainstthepowerofanimmediatereward.Weallascreaturesgivegreatervaluetoanimmediaterewardthansomethingthat'sdelayed，”saysDrNoraVolkow,directoroftheNationalInstituteonDrugAbuse.Justhowthatbitofhappinessturnsintoahabitinvolvesapleasuresensingchemicalnameddopamine(多巴胺).Ittrainsthebraintowantthatrewardagainandagain—increasingtheconnectioneachtime—especiallywhenitgetstherightcue(暗示)fromyourenvironment.Peopletendtooverestimatetheirabilitytoresisttemptationsaroundthem,thusdestroyingattemptstogetridofbadhabits.Evenscientistswhorecognizeitfindithardtoresist.“Idon'tlikepopcorn.ButeverytimeIgotothecinema,Ihavetoeatit，”Volkowsays.“It'sfascinating.”Amovementtopaypeopleforbehaviorchangesmaymakeuseofthatconnection,assomecompaniesofferemployeesimmediatepaymentsforadoptingbetterhabits.Howeverpayingforbehaviorturnsout,researcherssaytherearesomestepsthatmayhelpcounteryourbrain'sholdonbadhabits:repeat，repeat，repeatthenewbehavior—thesameroutineatthesametimeofday.Determinedtoexercise？Doingitatthesametimeofthemorningmakesthebrainrecognizethehabiteventually.Ifyoudon'tdoit,youfeelawful.Exerciseitselfraisesdopaminelevels,soeventuallyyourbrainwillgetafeelgoodhitevenifyourmusclesprotest.Rewardyourselfwithsomethingyoureallydesire,Volkowstresses.Youexercisedallweek?Stucktoyourdiet?Buyabook,agreatpairofjeans,ortryafancyrestaurant.20．What'sthesubjectivereasonforbeinghardtobreakbadbehaviors?A．Somebehaviorsgetdeeprootedinourbrains.B．Wepreferanimmediatereward.C．Wevaluedelayedgifts.D．Weareallcreaturesofnature.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“connection”inParagraph3referto?A．Pleasureandbehavior. B．Brainandreward.C．Happinessanddopamine. D．Cueandenvironment.22．Itcanbeinferredthatthehigherthedopaminelevelis，________．-12-\nA．theharderitisforyoutobreakthebadhabitB．thelesspleasureyouwillgetC．thestrongerbadhabitswillbecomeD．themoreyou'llwanttogetareward23．WhydoesVolkoweatpopcorneventhoughhedoesn'tlikeit?A．Becauseherecognizestheimportanceofhim.B．Becauseitisneededfornormalgrowthofthebody.C．Becausehecan'tresistthetemptationofit.D．Becauseitmakeshimrelaxedtoeatpopcornwhileseeingfilms.Ⅲ.书面表达一个英国中学生代表团将到你校参观和交流，假设你有幸参加与他们的座谈会，请根据以下图示，写一篇120词左右的发言稿，请你谈谈学校开展小组合作学习和自主学习的体会。注意：1.根据图片的内容适当展开，以使行文连贯；2．开头已给出，不计入总词数；3．文中不能出现考生的具体信息。Goodafternoon!It'smypleasuretobrieflyintroducemyschoolliferegardingtwoaspects,independentlearningandcooperativelearning.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案课时作业(二十)Ⅱ.A本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。16．C 推理判断题。从第一段“Butthedonatorwhostartedsendingenvelopeswithcashtodeservingcauses,accompaniedbyanarticlefromthelocalpaper”和第二段“withacuttingfromtheBraunschweigerZeitung”可推出BraunschweigerZeitung是当地一家报纸。17．D 细节理解题。从倒数第二段Tom的妈妈所说的话可知答案。18．B 推理判断题。从最后一段“…hehastoldhisreportersnottolookforthecity'shero,forfearthatdiscoverymaystopthedonations.”可知捐赠还会继续。19．C 主旨大意题。本文介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。-12-\nB这是一篇科普文。人们在新年到来时常常会下定某些决心，然而却发现很难坚持下去。科学家研究出了一些“技巧”，可以让好习惯取代坏习惯。20．B 细节理解题。此题应特别注意题干中thesubjectivereason(主观原因)。根据短文第二段中的“Weallascreaturesgivegreatervaluetoanimmediaterewardthansomethingthat'sdelayed”可知，难以改掉坏习惯在主观上的原因是人们更看重即时的好处。A项有很大的干扰，文章第一段中提到：这些坏习惯根植于我们的大脑中，这是很难改掉坏习惯在生物学上的原因(客观原因)。21．A 词义猜测题。根据语境：在快乐的感觉转化为一种习惯的过程中，一种感知快乐的化学物质多巴胺在起作用，它不断促使大脑期望得到这种犒赏，并不断加强快乐感与这种行为之间的联系。由此可知，connection指的是“快乐感与行为之间的联系”。22．D 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，多巴胺是一种感知快乐的化学物质，它使大脑不断期望得到某种犒赏。最后一段中的“Exerciseitselfraisesdopaminelevels”能进一步证明，多巴胺的水平越高，人们就越想得到某种犒赏。23．C 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，人们往往高估自己抵制身边诱惑的能力，这使他们为摆脱坏习惯而作出的努力毁于一旦。Volkow就是因为抵抗不了这种诱惑才吃爆米花的。Ⅲ.Onepossibleversion：Goodafternoon!It'smypleasuretobrieflyintroducemyschoolliferegardingtwoaspects,independentlearningandcooperativelearning.Independentlearningisabasicprincipleofmyschooleducation.Atonelevelitencouragesustoworkoutplansandarrangeourtimetable,inwhichcaseweimproveourindependentthinkingandmanagementskills.Onanotherlevel,itpresentsuswithablockofworkinwhichwearedevelopingstrategies.Meanwhile,wearemakinggreatattempttocreateacooperativelearningenvironment,whereweareencouragedtoworkingroups.Withingroupwork,weareguidedtovoiceourindividualopinions,listentoeachotherandrespecteachother.Independentlearningandcooperativelearningformakeyfeatureofmyschooleducationandtheyprovetobeagreatbenefittoouroveralldevelopmentinthelongrun.That'sallformyintroduction.We'reeagertoknowaboutyourschoollifesothatwecouldbetterlearnfromeachother.Thankyou.(6)(25min.)(2022·师大附中一模)假设你是李华，下图是你对本校学生兴趣爱好的调查结果。请写一篇英文报告给学校，说明调查结果，并谈谈你的看法。-12-\n注意：1.文章内容不少于120词。2.标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。3.提示词：饼状图piechart百分比percentageASurveyofStudentsHobbiesandInterestsDearSir，I'veconductedasurveyrecently,whichshowswhatthestudentsofourschoolliketodointheirsparetime.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-12-\n_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文Onepossibleversion：ASurveyofStudentsHobbiesandInterestsDearSir，I'veconductedasurveyrecently,whichshowswhatthestudentsofourschoolliketodointheirsparetime.Asthepiechartreveals,wecansee34%ofthestudentslikesurfingtheInternet.Therestpopularactivitiesforstudentsaredancingandsinging,doingsportsandreading,whichis22%,20%and18%respectively.Thepercentagesofthethreeareclosetoeachother.Besidesthese,afewstudents,about6percentofthem,arefondofdoingotherthings,suchascollectingstamps,travelling,handwriting,andsoon.Frommypointofview,highschoolstudentsshouldhavemorehealthyandinstructivehobbiesandinterests.AssurfingtheInternetkeepsusinformedofthelatestnewsandcurrentaffairsintheworld，sometimesnecessaryguidanceonsurfingtheInternetshouldbegiventostudentsandwaysmustbefoundtoarousestudents'interestsinreading,becausereadingisinvariablythemostefficientwaytogainknowledge.*********************************************************结束阅读理解DearSirorMadam，Yourshipmentoftwelvethousand“Smart”watcheswasreceivedbyourcompanythismorning.However，wewishtomakeanumberofcomplaintsconcerningtheserious-12-\ndelayinthedeliveryandyourfailuretocarryoutourinstructions.Itwasstressedfromthebeginningthatthedeliverydatehadtobelessthansixweeks.Whileweappreciatethatdelaysinproductionareoccasionallyunavoidable，wemustpointoutthatthemajorreasonwhytheorderwasplacedwithyourcompanywasthatwewereassuredbyyouthatyourexistingstocksensureimmediateshipment.Latedeliveryofthegoodshascausedustodisappointseveralofourmostvaluedcustomers，andissuretohaveanegativeeffectonthefutureorders.Thesecondcomplaintconcernsthedifferenceincolour.Onlyhalfofthewatchesinthedeliveryreceivedareofthecoloursweordered.OurHongKongagentassuresusthatshestressedtoyoutheimportanceoffollowingourinstructions，sinceweconsidertheretobeonlyalimitedmarketinthiscountryforwatchesofothercolours.Anywatchesthatarenotofthespecifiedcolourswill，ofcourse，bereturnedtoyou.Wearealsosomewhatconcernedabouttheratherpoorqualityofthegoodsreceived，sinceitisobviousthatthewatchesthatfinallyarrivedhavebeenproducedfrominferiormaterialsandhavebeenmadetoalowerstandardthanthoseinthesample.Wehavealsofoundthatanumberofthewatchesdonotappeartobefunctioning.Weshouldliketopointoutthatwefeelthismattertobeentirelyyourresponsibility.Asaresultoftheaboveproblems，therefore，wefeelthatthemostsuitablecourseofactionistoreturntoyouunpaidanyofthegoodsconsideredunsatisfactory，andtodeduct(扣除)anycostsfromourfinalsettlement.Weshallalsobeforcedtoreconsiderwhetheranyfurtherordersshouldbeplacedwithyourcompany.Welookforwardtoyourimmediatereply.Yourssincerely，JohnSmith16．HowmanycomplaintsdoesJohnSmithmakewiththe“Smart”watchproducer?A．Five.B．Four.C．Three.D．Two.17．Theproducerof“Smart”watcheswasgiventheorderbecause________.A．itproducedthebestwatchesofitskindintheworldB．thewatcheswouldbeeasytomakeandthedesignswerealreadypreparedC．itpromisedtoproduceenoughstocksquitequicklyD．itclaimedtheorderwouldbeeasysincethewatcheswerealreadyinstock18．Receivingwatchesinthewrongcoloursisaproblembecause________.A．theHongKongagentstressedtheneedtofulfilltheorderexactly-12-\nB．thesewatcheswillbedifficulttosellC．thesewatcheswillnotbeabletogetintothelimitedmarketD．peoplewillnotbuythewatchesatpresent19．Theunderlinedsentenceinthepassagesuggeststhat________.A．thecompanymaystoptradingwiththewatchproducerB．thecompanywillprobablyreducetheordersinthefutureC．thewriterisafraidthattheircompanymightgooutofbusinesssoonD．thecompanyisprobablywillingtogivetheproduceranotherchanceⅢ.书面表达假如你叫李华,是高三学生,昨天你们班开讨论会,主题是高三学生要不要参加体育活动。请写信给报社编辑，反映讨论的情况。大多数同学认为一些同学认为每天适量锻炼，如做早操，踢足球，打乒乓球等能增强体质，预防生病；运动使大脑得到休息，学习效率提高锻炼浪费时间，使人疲劳；运动后兴奋，耽误学习；锻炼时可能受伤注意：1.词数100左右；2．根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头已给出，但不计入总词数。DearEditor，I’mwritingtotellyouourdiscussionaboutwhetherseniorstudentsshouldtakephysicalexercise.Opinionsaredividedonthetopic.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16.C17.D18.B19.A参考范文DearEditor,I’mwritingtotellyouourdiscussionaboutwhetherseniorstudentsshouldtake-12-\nphysicalexercise.Opinionsaredividedonthetopic.Themajorityofthestudentsthinkweshouldtakeexerciseregularly.Wecandomorningexercises,playfootballorpingpongbutshouldn’texercisemuch.Exercisecanbuildourbodyandreducethechanceoffallingill.What’smore,exercisecanmakeourbrainsrelaxedsothatwecanimproveourstudyefficiently.Othersthinkitisawasteoftimetohavesports.Aftermuchexercisewewillfeeltiredandtooexcitedtostudy.Inaddition,whilehavingsports,wemaygethurt.Inmyopinion,itisusefultohaveproperandregularexerciseinordertokeepfit.Yours,LiHua-12-
