（全国通用）2022届高考英语一轮复习课时作业(二十二)Module4 GreatScientists外研版必修4(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空 1．[2022·辽宁卷]Leaveyourkeywithyourneighbor________youlockyourselfoutoneday.A．aslongasB．eventhoughC．incaseD．asif2．[2022·北京卷]Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand________them.A．correctsB．correctC．tocorrectD．correcting3．—Whydoestheriversmellterrible?—Becauselargequantitiesofwater________.A．havepollutedB．isbeingpollutedC．hasbeenpollutedD．havebeenpolluted4．Youareoldenoughto________yourownliving.A．winB.gainC．takeD.earn5．Johnisn'theretoday.Whocan________himinthegame?A．replaceB．taketheplaceC．insteadofD．inplaceof6．Hisideaofhavingweeklyfamilymealstogether，whichseemeddifficultatfirst，has________manygoodchangesintheirlives.A．gotthroughB．resultedfromC．turnedintoD．broughtabout7．Hetriedtomakeit________tohisparentsthathedidn'tlikethejobatall.A．clearB．cleanC．obviousD．anxious8．Afternumerousexperiments,somedoctorshavemadea________inthetreatmentofcancer.A．breakdownB．breakupC．breakthroughD．breakout9.Hissisterlefthomein1998,and________since.A．hadnotbeenheardofB．hasnotbeenheardof6\nC．hadnotheardofD．hasnotheardof10．Thekey________theproblemoftrafficjamsistopaythe“congestioncharge”________bythemayorofLondon.A．tosolving;introducingB．tosolve;introducingC．tosolving;introducedD．tosolve;introduced11．Thereissomethingweneedto________beforethemeetingbegins.A．clearupB．clearawayC．cleanupD．cleanout12．Youwerefortunateenoughtoescape________fordrunkendriving,butdon'tdrinkagain.A．finingB．tofineC．beingfinedD．tobefined13．Youngchildrenshouldbe________tobehonestandequal. A．broughtupB．broughtoutC．broughtdownD．broughtin14．—Isthisa(n)________paintingbyPicasso?—No.It'sonlyagoodcopy.A．stapleB．originalC．personalD．traditional15．Theoldmanwastakingawalk,________byhisgrandson.A．supportingB．supportedC．beingsupportedD．havingsupportedⅡ.阅读理解AThemostexcitingkindofeducationisalsothemostpersonal.Nothingcanexceedthejoyofdiscoveringforyourselfsomethingthatisimportanttoyou!Itmaybeanideaorabitofinformationyoucomeacrossaccidentallyorasuddenunderstanding,fittingtogetherpiecesofinformationorworkingthroughaproblem.Suchpersonalencountersarethe“payoff”ineducation.Ateachermaydirectyoutolearningandevenencourageyouinit—butnoteachercanmaketheexcitementorthejoyhappen.That'suptoyou.Aresearchpaper,assignedinacourseandperhapscheckedatvariousstagesbyaninstructor,leadsyoubeyondclassrooms,beyondthetextsforclassesandintoaprocesswherethejoyofdiscoveryandlearningcancometoyoumanytimes.Preparingtheresearchpaperisanactiveandindividualprocess,andanideallearningprocess.Itprovidesastructurewithinwhichyoucanmakeexcitingdiscoveries,ofknowledgeandofself,whicharebasictoeducation.Theresearchpaperalsogivesyouachancetoindividualizeaschoolassignment,tosuitapieceofworktoyourowninterestsandabilitiesandtoshowotherswhatyoucando.Writingaresearchpaperismorethanaclassroomexercise.Itisanexperienceinsearchingout,understandingandsynthesizing,whichformsthebasisofmanyskills6\napplicabletobothacademicandnonacademictasks.Itis,inthefullestsense,adiscovery,aneducation.So,toproduceagoodresearchpaperisbothausefulandathoroughlysatisfyingexperience!Tosome,thethoughtofhavingtowriteanassignednumberofpages,oftenmorethaneverproducedbefore,isdisconcerting.Toothers,theveryideaofhavingtoworkindependentlyisthreatening.Butthereisnoneedtoapproachpaperassignmentwithanxiety,andnobodyshouldviewtheresearchpaperasanobstacletoovercome.Instead,consideritagoaltoaccomplish,agoalwithinreachifyouusethehelpthispassagecangiveyou.16．Accordingtothewriter,personaldiscoveriesinstudy________.A．willgiveoneencouragementanddirectionB．arehelpfulinfindingtherightinformationC．arethemostvaluablepartofone'spersonaleducationD．willhelponetosuccessfullycompleteschoolassignments17．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwritingaresearchpapergivesonechances________.A．tofullydevelopone'spersonalabilitiesB．topracticetheskillslearntintheclassroomC．toprovethatoneisaproductivewriterD．toshowhowwellonecanaccomplishschoolassignments18．Fromthecontext,theunderlinedword“encounters”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans“________”.A．interestsB．experiencesC．entertainmentsD．abilities19．Whatwillprobablyfollowthispassage?A．Howtowritearesearchpaper.B．Theimportanceofresearchineducation.C．Howtomakenewdiscoveriesforoneself.D．Theskillofputtingpiecesofinformationtogether.BComparedtoadults,childrenseemtobemovingconstantly.Soit'snosurprisethatmostparentswhoarequizzedabouttheirchild'sphysicalactivityleveldescribetheirchildrenasfairlyactive.Butanewstudyofnearly2,000Britishschoolchildrensuggeststhatmanyparentsoverestimatetheamountofphysicalactivitytheirchildrenarereallygetting.Theresearchersequipped1,892Britishschoolchildren,ages9and10,withaccelerometersthatmeasureallphysicalactivityduringagiventimeperiod.Theresearch,knownastheSpeedyStudycollectedtheexercisedatafromchildrenat92schoolsinNorfolk,England,betweenAprilandJuly2022.Achildwasregardedinactiveifheorsherecordedlessthananhouradayofphysicalactivity.Althoughthemajorityofchildrenstudiedweregettingenoughphysicalactivity,a_sizable_minority_of_children_were_not.Overall,39percentofgirlsand18percentofboysstudiedweregettinglessthananhourofphysicalactivityeachday.6\nButifyouaskedtheparentsoftheinactivechildrentodescribetheirchild'sactivitylevel,thevastmajority—80percent—describedtheirchildrenasfairlyorveryphysicallyactive,accordingtothefindingspublishedintheAmericanJournalofPreventiveMedicine.Interestingly,thechildrenthemselveshadmoreawarenessabouttheirlackofphysicalactivity.Overall,40percentofchildrenoverestimatedtheirphysicalactivity.Butitwasn'ttheparentsofoverweightchildrenwhoweremostlikelytoguesswrongaboutphysicalactivitylevels.Theparentswhoweremostoutoftouchabouttheirchild'sphysicalfitnessweremorelikelytohavechildrenwhowereslim.Parentsofgirlswerealsomorelikelytooverestimatephysicalactivity.Theresearchersnotedthatparentsshouldbeeducatedabouttheimportanceofphysicalactivityforchildrenevenifthechildisnotoverweight.“Parentsofslimchildrenappeartoassumethattheirchildrenareadequatelyactive,”thestudyauthorsreported.“Increasingawarenessregardinghealthbenefitsofphysicalactivitybeyondweightcontrolmighthelphaveacorrectideaofphysicalactivitylevelsandencouragebehaviorchange.”20．AccordingtotheSpeedyStudywhatkindofchildrencanbejudgedphysicallyinactive?A．Slimchildren.B．Childrenwithlessthananhouradayofphysicalactivity.C．Overweightchildren.D．Childrenoutoftouchwiththeirparentsforalongtime.21．Whatdoesthewriterprobablymeanbysaying“asizableminorityofchildrenwerenot”inParagraph3?A．Theamountofchildren'sphysicalactivityisfarfromthewriter'ssatisfaction.B．Alotofchildrenwerenotgettingenoughphysicalactivity.C．Asmallnumberofchildrendidn'toverestimatetheirphysicalactivity.D．Theminorityofchildrenwerenotstudiedatall.22．Thepassageisintendedto________．A．encourageparentstofairlyjudgetheirchildren'sphysicalactivitylevelsB．persuadeparentstokeepaneyeontheirchildren'sweightC．urgechildrentowearaccelerometersduringexerciseD．adviseparentstokeepintouchwiththeirchildren课时作业(二十二)Ⅰ.1.C 考查连词。分析空前后两个句子的逻辑关系我们知道，空后的内容是条件，因此选incase，意思是“以防”。句意：把你的钥匙留给你的邻居，以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。其他三个选项中，aslongas也是表示“条件”，但是意思是“只要”；eventhough引导让步状语从句，意思是“即使”；asif引导方式状语从句，意思是“似乎”。2．D 考查非谓语动词的用法。and前后连接的两个动名词都是用来作介词by的宾语，是并列结构。句意：一个人通过犯错和改错来学习一门语言。3．D 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词表示的动作与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是largequantitiesof6\nwater，其中心词是quantities，谓语动词用复数，故选D。4．D 考查动词辨析。earnone'sliving的意思是“自谋生计”，符合句意“你已经足够成熟了，应该自谋生计了”。5．A replace是动词，意为“代替，取代”；taketheplaceof是动词短语，意为“代替，取代”，而B项缺少of；insteadof和inplaceof也有此意，但都是介词短语，而缺少谓语，故选A。6．D 考查动词短语辨析。bringabout意为“带来，引起”；getthrough意为“接通(电话)”；resultfrom意为“因……发生”；turninto意为“变成”。句意：他的每周家庭聚餐的想法起初似乎实施起来很难，现在已经给他们的生活带来了许多良好的变化。故D项正确。7．A 考查形容词辨析。makeitclearthat…“清楚地阐明……”。句意为：他尽力向他的父母说清楚他根本不喜欢这份工作。8．C 考查名词辨析。makeabreakthrough表示“取得突破”，为固定搭配。9．B 句意：他妹妹在1998年离开家，自从那时就没有音讯了。表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。10.C thekeytodoingsth意为“做某事的关键”，to为介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词。congestioncharge和introduce之间是被动关系，故选introduced，相当于whichwasintroduced。11．A 考查动词短语辨析。clearup解释，把……弄清楚，澄清；clearaway收拾，整理；cleanup彻底打扫，清理，整顿；cleanout把……打扫干净。12．C 考查非谓语动词。“escape＋n./pron./v.ing”表示“逃避，避免做……”，escapebeingdone表示“避免被……”；fine和主语you之间是被动关系，故选C。13．A 考查动词短语辨析。bringup抚养，教育；bringout生产，出版，显示出来；bringdown击败，降低，减少；bringin赚钱，赢利，引进。14．B 考查形容词辨析。根据语境这里表示“原版的”。original最初的，原始的，原版的；staple主要的；personal个人的；traditional传统的。15．B 句意：这位老人在他孙子的搀扶下散步。support与theoldman之间是动宾关系，故用动词的过去分词作状语。Ⅱ.A本文旨在通过对researchpaper的介绍，鼓励大家多做调查研究。因为在调查研究的过程中获得的愉悦是非常美好的。16．C 细节理解题。从第一段第二句可以得出答案。17．A 推理判断题。从第二段作者对researchpaper的肯定性描述可以得出答案。18．B 词义猜测题。从上文中可以看出，作者是在描述个人获得的愉悦的经历。19．A 推理判断题。从最后一段最后一句可以得出答案。B与成年人相比，孩子好像在不停地活动，因此许多父母错误地判断了孩子的运动量。20．B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知，如果孩子一天的运动时间少于1个小时，那么他就被认为是不好动的。21．A 句意理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，本句不是要强调大部分孩子得到了足够的锻炼，而是要让人们注意到还有一些孩子的运动时间没有达到标准，由此可以看出作者对孩子的运动量并不满意。22．A6\n 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知许多父母过高地估计了孩子的运动量，因此本文的写作目的就是要求父母能够客观地判断孩子的运动量。6
