课时作业(十六) [必修3 Module4 SandstormsinAsia](限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空 1.[2022·安徽卷]Iremembered________thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.A.lockingB.tolockC.havinglockedD.tohavelocked2．[2022·陕西卷]Ifhetakesonthiswork,hewillhavenochoicebut________anevengreaterchallenge.A．meetsB．meetingC．meetD．tomeet3．Whatshallweuseforpowerwhenalltheoilintheworldhas________？A．givenoutB．putoutC．heldupD．usedup4．Marydidn't________whatIreadbecausehermindwasonsomethingelse.A．holdonB．catchonC．takeinD．getover5．Tomakethestudentsperformwell,theteacherfirstofallhastoknowtheir________andweaknesses.A．strongB．strengthsC．strengthD．stronger6．WhenIwasveryyoung,Iwasterribly________ofschool,butIsoon________it.A．frightening;gotoffB．frightened;gotacrossC．frightening;gotawayD．frightened;gotover7．Duringtheopeningceremony,“MissSmile”haswontheheartsofChineseInternetusersafterbeingcaught________thesamesmilefornearly20minutes.A．fixedB．tobefixedC．tofixD．fixing8．Anotherproblemisthatwhilesmarterchildcan________informationmoreexactlyandfasterthananyhuman,helackscommonsense.A．inventB．createC．processD．produce9．Somepeoplefearthat________airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin________weatheraroundtheworld.6\nA．/;theB．the;/C．an;theD．the;a10．Achild'scharacterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhishome________.A．caseB．environmentC．situationD．circumstance11．Hesaidhehadn'tdonethat,buthisexpression________.A．gavehimupB．gavehimawayC．gaveinhimD．gaveouthim12．Theboyissaid________acrossthebusyroadwhensuddenlyacarcutinandknockedhimover.A．tobecyclingB．tohavecycledC．tohavebeencycledD．tocycle13．He________tomeaboutthefood,sayingitwastheworstfoodhehadeverhad.A．complainedB．pretendedC．regrettedD．admitted14．Ifyoudon't________smoking,Iwill________yoursupply.A．cutup;cutdownB．cutdown;cutoffC．cutin;cutoffD．cutin;cutup15．Nowadays,thereisagrowing________aboutviolenceontelevision.A．mindB．concernC．viewD．connectionⅡ.阅读理解AAboywasborntoacoupleafterelevenyearsofmarriage.Theywerealovingcoupleandlovedtheboyverymuch.Whentheboywasaroundtwoyearsold,onemorningthehusbandsawamedicinebottleopen.Hewaslateforofficesoheaskedhiswifetocapthebottleandputitbackintothecupboardinthebathroom.However,hiswife,busy,inthekitchen,totallyforgotthematter.Theboysawthebottleandplayfullywenttothebottle,fascinatedbyitscoloranddrankitall.Ithappenedtocontainakindofmedicineforadultswithpoisonousandsideeffects.Whenthechildbrokedown,themotherhurriedhimtothehospital.Buthefinallydied.Themotherwasshocked.Shewasterrifiedhowshewasgoingtofaceherhusband.Whenthedesperatefathercametothehospitalandsawthedeadchild,helookedathiswifeandvoicedfivewords.Thehusbandjustsaid“Iamwithyou,Darling.”Thehusband'stotallyunexpectedreactionisapositivebehavior.Thechildisdead.Hecanneverbebroughtbacktolife.Thereisnopointinfindingfaultwiththemother.Besides,ifonlyhehadtakentimetokeepthebottleaway,thiswouldnothavehappened.Nooneistobeblamed.Shehadalsolostheronlychild.Whatsheneededatthatmomentwascomfortandsympathyfromthehusband.Thatiswhathegaveher.Ifeveryonecanlookatlifewiththiskindofviewpoint,therewouldbemuchfewerproblemsintheworld.Takeoffallyourenvies,jealousies,unforgiveness,6\nselfishness,andfearsandyouwillfindthingsareactuallynotasdifficultasyouthink.Sometimeswespendtimeaskingwhoisresponsibleorwhomtoblame,whetherinarelationship,inajoborwiththepeopleweknow.Bythiswaywemissoutsomewarmthinhumanrelationship.16．Theuncappedmedicinebottlewasnotputbackintothecupboardbecause________.A．thehusbandwascarelessB．thehusbandforgotitC．thewifewasn'tinformedofthematterD．thewifeignoredthematter17．Whatdoweknowaboutthebottle?A．Itcontainedpoisononlyforadults.B．Itappearedlikeanicedrink.C．Itwasbrokenbythechild.D．Itwaskeptinthekitchen.18．Thehusband'sattitudetowardshiswifecanbedescribedas________.A．optimisticB．confidentC．considerateD．generous19．Whatdidthewriterintendtotellusaboutlife?A．Letgothenegativesideandwecanenjoylife.B．Itisalwaysuselessfindingwhoisresponsible.C．Thinkofnothingandlifewillbeeasy.D．Lifeshouldgivewaytoresponsibility.B[2022·四川卷]Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted(预测)inreactiontoclimatechange,whichcouldhavelongdamagingeffectsonfoodchainsandecosystems.Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld,changingsomelivingpatterns,scientistssay.Increasedcarbondioxide(CO2)intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygen,whilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.“Predictingspecies'reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecology，”saidtheresearchersofseveralU．S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.Thestudy,publishedontheNaturewebsite,usesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesandexperimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1，634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated(低估)thespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafingby4times.“Acrossallspecies,theexperimentsunderpredictedthespeedoftheadvance－forbothleafingandflowering－thatresultsfromtemperatureincreases，”thestudysaid.Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredicthowplantswillreacttoclimatechange,itsaid.6\nPlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchain,usingphotosynthesis(光合作用)toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.Scientistsbelievetheworld'saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.Sofar,effortstocutemissions(排放)ofplanetwarminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.20.WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?A．Plants'reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.B．Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists'expectation.C．Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.D．Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.21.WecanlearnfromthestudypublishedontheNaturewebsitethat________．A．plants'floweringis8.5timesfasterthanleafingB．thereare1，634plantspeciesonthefourcontinentsC．scientistsshouldimprovethedesignoftheexperimentsD．theexperimentsfailedtopredicthowplantsreacttoclimatechange22.Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause________．A．theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearlyB．theyareveryimportantinthefoodchainsC．theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarmingD．theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore23.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld'stemperature?A．Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.B．Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.C．Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1900.D．Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.课时作业(十六)Ⅰ.1.B 考查非谓语动词。remembertodosth表示动作没有发生，rememberdoingsth表示动作已经发生了。句子中的意思是在离开办公室之前，(我提醒自己)要记得锁门，所以那时“锁”的动作没有发生，所以用remembertodosth，应排除A和D项。如果把before换成after，那么应该选A。2．D 考查非谓语动词。所填词与前文构成固定句型havenochoicebuttodosth，故选D。3．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当世界上所有石油用光之后我们该使用什么能源？giveout＝runout，意为“用完，用光”，不能用于被动句式；putout意为“扑灭”；holdup意为“举起，使……停顿”；useup意为“用光”，应使用被动形式。4．C takein(＝understand)理解。holdon(打电话时)不要挂断；catchon明白(作不及物动词用)；getover克服。5．B 此题的关键是weaknesses。与weaknesses相对，此处应选strengths。6\n6．D 考查ed形式和ing形式构成的形容词用法和动词短语的辨析。befrightenedof害怕；getover克服，摆脱(某种情绪)。7．D 选项作主语补足语，与主语MissSmile有逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词。8．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个问题是虽然较聪明的儿童能够更准确、更快地加工信息，但是他缺少常识。invent发明；create创造；process加工；produce生产。9．A 考查冠词的用法。airpollution是抽象名词，这里是泛指，不用冠词；weather后面是aroundtheworld来修饰限制，故这里是特指全球的气候，故用the。10．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个孩子的性格在很大程度上受家庭环境的影响。11．B 考查动词短语辨析。givesbaway意为“出卖，泄露”。句意：他说他没做过那件事，但是他的表情出卖了他。12．A 句意：据说，小男孩正骑车穿过熙熙攘攘的马路，这时一辆汽车突然超车抢道将其撞倒。不定式的进行式表示动作正在进行。13．A 考查动词词义辨析。complain抱怨；pretend假装；regret后悔；admit承认。语境为“他向我抱怨食物”，所以选A。14．B 考查动词短语辨析。cutdown减少；cutoff切断；cutup切碎；cutin插嘴。句意：如果你不减少吸烟，我就不再给你生活费。15．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在人们对电视上的暴力内容日渐担忧。concern关心，忧虑。Ⅱ.A婚后十一年的夫妇终于有了儿子，但因一次失误却永远失去了他。丈夫没有责怪妻子，反而去安慰她。这则故事告诉人们：不论在感情上、工作上或在人际关系上，人们都要懂得相互体谅，原谅他人的过错，这样才能享受美好的人生。16．D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知妻子在厨房忙着，忘了丈夫交代的事情，故D项符合题意。17．B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知B项符合题意。18．C 推理判断题。根据文章可知，当丈夫得知心爱的儿子死去时，他没有责怪妻子，相反他对妻子说“亲爱的，我永远和你在一起”，说明他很体谅妻子，也对她很体贴，故C项正确。19．A 推理判断题。当夫妇俩失去儿子后，丈夫并没有去埋怨妻子，反而去安慰伤心的妻子。由此说明，只有放手消极的一面，我们才能享受生活，故A项正确。B本文为科普类文章。文章论述了全球变暖的气候环境会让植物提前开花，进而影响整个食物链及生态系统。20．B 细节理解题。第一段话给读者传达的主要信息存在于主句，而不是which所引导的定语从句上。根据“Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted”可知，作者是要告知读者植物开花的增速超出了科学家的预期。故选B。A为次要信息。21．C 推理判断题。第五段话“Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated(低估)thespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafingby4times.”暗示读者：对于植物所设计的实验应该有所改进，故答案选C。22．B 细节理解题。根据第四段“Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.”可知植物对气候变化的反应对整个食物链和生态系统都至关重要。故答案选B。6\n23．D 推理判断题。从倒数第二段“…hasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.”可知A、C项错误；从最后一段叙述可知，如果本世纪地球变暖超过2℃，便会出现weatherextremes。暗示我们这个世纪地球温度的上升需要控制在2℃的范围之内。故答案选D。6
