2021高考英语短文故事精读与语法填空训练（七）一：语法填空训练Fullyinsured 全保险Insurancecompaniesare(normal)willingtoinsureanything.Insuringpublicorprivatepropertyisastandardpracticeinmost(country)intheworld.If,however,youwereholdinganopenairgardenpartyorafeteitwouldbeequallypossible(insure)yourselfintheeventofbadweather.Needlesstosay,thebiggertheriskaninsurancecompany(take),thehigherthepremiumyouwillhavetopay.Itisnotuncommon(hear)thatashippingcompanyhasmadeaclaimforthecostofsalvagingasunkenship.Buttheclaimmadebyalocalauthoritytorecoverthecostofsalvagingasunkenpiedishmustsurelybeunique.Admittedlyitwasan(usual)piedish,foritwaseighteenfeetlongandsixfeetwide.Ithadbeen(purchase)byalocalauthoritysothatanenormouspiecouldbebakedforanannualfair.Thepiecommitteedecidedthatthebestwaytotransportthedishwouldbebycanal,sotheyinsureditforthetrip.Shortlyafteritwaslaunched,thepiecommitteewenttoalocalinntocelebrate.Atthesametime,anumberofteenagersclimbedontothedishand(hold)alittlepartyoftheirown.Dancingprovedtobemorethanthedishcouldbear,forduringthepartyitcapsizedandsankinsevenfeetofwater.Thepiecommitteetelephonedalocalgarageownerarrivedinarecoverytrucktosalvagethepiedish.Shiveringintheirwetclothes,theteenagerslookedonwhilethreemendivedrepeatedlyintothewatertolocatethedish.Theyhadlittledifficultyin(find)it,buthaulingitoutofthewaterprovedtobeaseriousproblem.Thesidesofthedish(be)sosmooththatitwasalmostimpossibletoattachhawsersandchainstotherimwithoutdamagingit.Eventuallychainswerefixedtooneendofthedishandapowerfulwinchwasputintooperation.Thedishrosetothesurfaceandwasgentlydrawntowardsthecanalbank.Foroneagonizingmoment,thedishwasperchedprecariouslyonthebankthecanal,butit(sudden)overbalancedandslidbackintothewater.Themenwere\nnowobligedtotryoncemore.Thistimetheyfixedheavymetalclampstobothsidesofthedishsothattheycould(fast)thechains.Thedishnowhadtobeliftedverticallybecauseoneedgewasrestingagainstthesideofthecanal.Thewinchwasagainputinto(operate)andoneofthemenstartedupthetruck.Severalminuteslater,thedishwas(successful)hauledabovethesurfaceofthewater.Waterstreamedintorrentsoveritssideswithsuchforcethatitsetupahugewaveinthecanal.Therewasdangerthatthewavewouldreboundofftheothersideofthebankandsendthedishplungingintothewateragain.Byworkingattremendousspeed,themenmanaged(get)thedishontodrylandbeforethewavereturned.二：词句短语长难句释义Fullyinsured 全保险Insurancecompaniesarenormallywillingtoinsureanything.Insuringpublicorprivatepropertyisastandardpracticeinmostcountriesintheworld.If,however,youwereholdinganopenairgardenpartyorafeteitwouldbeequallypossibletoinsureyourselfintheeventofbadweather.Needlesstosay,thebiggertheriskaninsurancecompanytakes,thehigherthepremiumyouwillhavetopay.Itisnotuncommontohearthatashippingcompanyhasmadeaclaimforthecostofsalvagingasunkenship.Buttheclaimmadebyalocalauthoritytorecoverthecostofsalvagingasunkenpiedishmustsurelybeunique.Admittedlyitwasanunusualpiedish,foritwaseighteenfeetlongandsixfeetwide.Ithadbeenpurchasedbyalocalauthoritysothatanenormouspiecouldbebakedforanannualfair.Thepiecommitteedecidedthatthebestwaytotransportthedishwouldbebycanal,sotheyinsureditforthetrip.Shortlyafteritwaslaunched,thepiecommitteewenttoalocalinntocelebrate.Atthesametime,anumberofteenagersclimbedontothedishandheldalittlepartyoftheirown.Dancingprovedtobemorethanthedishcouldbear,forduringthepartyitcapsizedandsankinsevenfeetofwater.Thepiecommitteetelephonedalocalgarageownerwhoarrivedinarecovery\ntrucktosalvagethepiedish.Shiveringintheirwetclothes,theteenagerslookedonwhilethreemendivedrepeatedlyintothewatertolocatethedish.Theyhadlittledifficultyinfindingit,buthaulingitoutofthewaterprovedtobeaseriousproblem.Thesidesofthedishweresosmooththatitwasalmostimpossibletoattachhawsersandchainstotherimwithoutdamagingit.Eventuallychainswerefixedtooneendofthedishandapowerfulwinchwasputintooperation.Thedishrosetothesurfaceandwasgentlydrawntowardsthecanalbank.Foroneagonizingmoment,thedishwasperchedprecariouslyonthebankofthecanal,butitsuddenlyoverbalancedandslidbackintothewater.Themenwerenowobligedtotryoncemore.Thistimetheyfixedheavymetalclampstobothsidesofthedishsothattheycouldfastenthechains.Thedishnowhadtobeliftedverticallybecauseoneedgewasrestingagainstthesideofthecanal.Thewinchwasagainputintooperationandoneofthemenstartedupthetruck.Severalminuteslater,thedishwassuccessfullyhauledabovethesurfaceofthewater.Waterstreamedintorrentsoveritssideswithsuchforcethatitsetupahugewaveinthecanal.Therewasadangerthatthewavewouldreboundofftheothersideofthebankandsendthedishplungingintothewateragain.Byworkingattremendousspeed,themenmanagedtogetthedishontodrylandbeforethewavereturned.1：将标记的词汇短语释义1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.\n1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.2：长难句分析释义① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ 三：文意梳理保险公司一般说来愿意承保一切东西。承办公共财产或私人财产保险是世界上大部分国家的正常业务。如果你要举办一次露天游园会或盛宴，为避免碰上不好的天气而遭受损失也同样可以保险。不用说，保险公司承担风险越大，你付的保险费也就越高。航运公司为打捞沉船而提出索赔，这是常有的事，但某地当局为打捞一只焙制馅饼的盘子提出索赔，倒是件新鲜事儿。\n这个馅饼盘子确实少见，有18英尺长，6英尺宽。某地方当局买下它用来焙制一个巨大的馅饼为一年一度交易会助兴。馅饼委员会确认运输这只盘子的最佳方案是通过运河水运。于是，他们对这只盘子的运输安全投了保。盘子下水后不久，馅饼委员会成员们来到当地一家小酒店庆贺。就在这个时候，许多十几岁的孩子爬上盘子举行他们自己的集会。他们跳起了舞，盘子难以承受。舞会进行过程中，盘子倾覆，沉入了7英尺深的水中。馅饼委员会给当地汽车修理库老板打电话，他闻讯后开着一辆急修车前来打捞盘子。那些孩子们穿着湿衣服哆嗦，看着3个工人轮番潜入水中以确定盘子的位置。他们没费多大事儿就找到了盘子，可是把盘子捞出却是一个很大的难题。盘子四边十分光滑，要在盘边拴上绳索或链条而同时又不损坏它是很难办到的。不过，他们终于将链条固定在盘子的一端，一台大功率的绞车开动起来。盘子慢慢浮出水面，被轻轻地拽向运河岸边。在令人忐忑不安的瞬间，盘子晃晃悠悠地上了岸，但它突然失去了平衡，又跌回水中。工人们只得再来一次。这次，他们用沉重的金属夹子把盘子夹住，以便往盘子上安装铁链。这次，盘子必须垂直吊出水面，因为盘子的一边紧靠着运河河岸。绞盘机再次启动，一位工人发动了急修车的引擎。几分钟后，盘子被成功地拽出了水面。波浪从盘子两侧急涌而出，在运河里掀起一股大浪。但是当波浪从河对岸折回来时，就有再次把盘子拖进水里的危险。工人们动作迅速，终于赶在那股大浪返回之前把盘子拽到了岸上。四：语法填空练习Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites.Mostpeoplebelievethey 1 (invent)duringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodbythefamousphilosopherMozi.Itissaidthatheusedwoodtocreatea“ 2 (fly)bird”thatflewintheskyforawholeday. Kiteswere 3 (late)usedasmilitaryinstrumentstomeasuredistance,testthewind,aidcommunication,andrescuepeople.DuringtheTangDynasty,theywereusedmoreasatoolfor 4 (entertain)thanamilitaryinstrument.Atfirst,onlyroyalfamilymemberscouldplaywithkites.Lateritbecamepopularamongcommonerswhoflewthemon 5 (importance)eventsandfestivals. IntheMingDynasty,kiteswereonceagainused 6 militarypurposes.Manyemperorsorderedtheirsoldierstoflykites 7 carriedexplosives.TheexplosiveswouldfallontheenemyandgavetheChineseagreatedgeonthebattlefield. Nowadays,flyingkiteshasbecome 8 popularformofentertainmentandcompetition.Moreandmorepeopleathomeandabroadarefondofflyingkitesinlocalorinternationalevents 9 (show)theirkite-makingandkite-flyingskills.ThelargestkitemuseumoftheworldisinthecityofWeifang, 10 (know)as“Kite\nCapitaloftheWorld”,andeveryyear,kitefansallovertheworldcometowatchandtakepartintheannualInternationalKiteFestival. 1.wereinvented 考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知,主谓语之间是被动关系,再根据句中时间状语“duringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod”可知应为一般过去时的被动语态,故填wereinvented。2.flying 考查动词-ing形式。由句意可知,此处表示“发明一种会飞的鸟”,故填flying作前置定语。3.later 考查副词。由句意可知,此处表示时间意义“后来”,因而填副词later。4.entertainment 考查名词。由空格前的for可知,空格处缺少一个名词,故填名词entertainment。5.important 考查词性转换。由空格后的名词“eventsandfestivals”可知,此处应填形容词important作定语。6.for 考查介词。由句意可知,此处表示“被用作军事目的”,而beusedfor是固定短语,意为“被用作……(目的)”,故填介词for。7.which/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格后是定语从句,先行词是kites,从句中缺少主语,故填关系代词which或that。8.a 考查冠词。由句意可知,此处泛指“一种流行的娱乐和竞赛形式”,故填不定冠词a。9.toshow 考查不定式。由句意可知,空格后表示在当地或国际比赛中来展示他们制作风筝或放风筝的技能,因而应填不定式形式toshow。10.known 考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知,空格所在部分是过去分词短语作定语,说明“潍坊市作为风筝之都而著名”,逻辑主语thecityofWeifang和know之间为被动关系,因而填过去分词形式known。
