2021高考英语短文故事精读与语法填空训练（十八）一：语法填空训练Matterhornman马特霍恩山区人 Modernalpiniststrytoclimbmountainsbyaroutewillgivethemgoodsport,andthemoredifficultitis,themore(high)itisregarded．Inthepioneeringdays,however,thiswasnotthecaseatall．Theearlyclimberswerelookingforthe(easy)waytothetop,becausethesummitwastheprizetheysought,especiallyifithadneverbeen(attain)before．Itistruethatduringtheir(explore)theyoftenfaceddifficultiesanddangersofthemostperilousnature,equippedinamannerwhichwouldmakeamodernclimbershudderatthethought,buttheydidnotgooutoftheirwaytocourtsuchexcitement．Theyhadasingleaim,asolitarygoal---thetop!Itishardforus(realize)nowadayshowdifficultitwasforthepioneers．ExceptforoneortwoplacessuchasZermattandChamonix,whichhadrapidlybecomepopular, Alpinevillagestendedtobeimpoverishedsettlementscutofffromcivilizationbythehighmountains．Suchinnsasthereweregenerallydirtyandflea-ridden;thefood(simple)localcheeseaccompaniedbybreadoftentwelvemonthsold,allwasheddownwithcoarsewine．Oftenavalleyboastednoinnatall,andclimbersfoundshelterwherevertheycould---sometimeswiththelocalpriest(whowasusuallyaspoorhisparishioners),sometimeswithshepherdsorcheese-makers．Invariablythebackgroundwasthesame:dirtandpoverty,andveryuncomfortable．Formenaccustomedto(eat)seven-coursedinnersandsleepingbetweenfinelinensheetsathome,thechangetotheAlpsmusthavebeenveryhardindeed．二：词句短语长难句释义Matterhornman马特霍恩山区人 Modernalpiniststrytoclimbmountainsbyaroutewhichwillgivethemgoodsport,andthemoredifficultitis,themorehighlyitisregarded．Inthepioneeringdays,however,thiswasnotthecaseatall．Theearlyclimberswerelookingfor\ntheeasiestwaytothetop,becausethesummitwastheprizetheysought,especiallyifithadneverbeenattainedbefore．Itistruethatduringtheirexplorationstheyoftenfaceddifficultiesanddangersofthemostperilousnature,equippedinamannerwhichwouldmakeamodernclimbershudderatthethought,buttheydidnotgooutoftheirwaytocourtsuchexcitement．Theyhadasingleaim,asolitarygoal---thetop!Itishardforustorealizenowadayshowdifficultitwasforthepioneers．ExceptforoneortwoplacessuchasZermattandChamonix,whichhadrapidlybecomepopular, Alpinevillagestendedtobeimpoverishedsettlementscutofffromcivilizationbythehighmountains．Suchinnsasthereweregenerallydirtyandflea-ridden;thefoodsimplylocalcheeseaccompaniedbybreadoftentwelvemonthsold,allwasheddownwithcoarsewine．Oftenavalleyboastednoinnatall,andclimbersfoundshelterwherevertheycould---sometimeswiththelocalpriest(whowasusuallyaspoorashisparishioners),sometimeswithshepherdsorcheese-makers．Invariablythebackgroundwasthesame:dirtandpoverty,andveryuncomfortable．Formenaccustomedtoeatingseven-coursedinnersandsleepingbetweenfinelinensheetsathome,thechangetotheAlpsmusthavebeenveryhardindeed．1：将标记的词汇短语释义1.2.3.4.5.6.\n1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.2：长难句分析释义① ② ③ 三：文意梳理现代登山运动员总想找一条能够给他们带来运动乐趣的路线来攀登山峰。他们认为，道路愈艰险愈带劲儿。然而，在登山运动的初期，全然不是这种情况。早期登山者所寻找的是通往山顶的最方便的途径，因为顶峰——特别是前人未曾到过的顶峰——才是他们寻求的目标。确实，在探险中他们经常遇到惊心动魄的困难和危险，而他们装备之简陋足以使现代登山者一想起来就胆战心惊。但是，他们并非故意寻求这种刺激，他们只有一个目的，唯一的目标——顶峰！\n我们今天很难想像昔日的登山先驱们是多么艰苦。除了泽曼特和夏蒙尼等一两个很快出了名的地方外，阿尔卑斯山山区的小村几乎全是高山环抱、与世隔绝的穷乡僻壤。那里的小客栈一般都很肮脏，而且跳蚤猖獗。食物是当地的干酪和通常存放了一年之久的面包，人们就着劣质酒吞下这种食物。山谷里常常没有小客栈，登山者只好随遇而安。有时同当地牧师（他通常和他的教民一样穷）住在一起，有时同牧羊人或制乳酪的人住在一起。无论住在哪儿，情况都一样：肮脏、贫穷，极其不舒适。对于过惯了一顿饭吃7道菜、睡亚麻细布床单的人来说，变换一下生活环境来到阿尔卑斯山山区，那一定是很艰难的。四：语法填空练习Whenthewinterapproaches,tanghulu,atraditionalChinesesnackcanbefoundonthestreetcornerinnorthernChina.Sinceancienttimes,it 1 (be)verypopularwithnatives,especiallychildren. Tanghuluis 2 (common)madeofhaws(山楂果),whicharerichinvitaminCandareknown 3 (have)traditionalChinesemedicinalproperties.Accordingtoalegend,intheSongDynasty,oneoftheemperor’s 4 (wife)wassickandhad 5 poorappetite.Thedoctorsuggestedthatsheeatfivetotenhaws 6 (boil)withsugarbeforeeachmeal.Sherecoveredwithinhalfamonth.Later,theprescriptionwaspassedon 7 ordinarypeople. Peopleputhawsonastick,dippedtheminhotsugarsyrup(糖浆)anddried.Thesyrupfinallyturnedintoasolidcoating,likethecrystalonthesurfaceofhaws.Thatis 8 theyarealsocalledbingtanghulu. 9 originstorysaysthattheveryfirsttanghuluonlyhadtwohaws—asmalloneonthetopandabigonebelow,makingitresembleahulu,abringerofgoodluck. Withsourhawsandsweetsugar,thetasteoftanghuluisacombinationofflavors,whichoften 10 (remind)peopleoftheirhappychildhoods. 1.hasbeen 考查时态。根据本句中的时间状语“Sinceancienttimes”和语境可知,此处应用现在完成时,故填hasbeen。\n2.commonly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处作状语,应用副词形式,故填commonly。3.tohave 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式短语“tohavetraditionalChinesemedicinalproperties”作主语补足语。4.wives 考查名词。根据空前的“oneof”可知,这位皇帝的妻子不止一位,故空处要用可数名词的复数形式。5.a 考查冠词。此处表示“胃口不好”,且poor的发音以辅音音素开头,故应用“apoorappetite”表示,故要用不定冠词a。6.boiled 考查非谓语动词。该从句中已有谓语动词,故空处应用动词的非谓语形式,设空处与haws之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处用过去分词短语“boiledwithsugar”作其后置定语。7.to 考查介词。passsthontosb意为“把某物传给某人”,是固定用法,符合语境。8.why 考查表语从句。根据语境可知,“Thesyrupfinally...onthesurfaceofhaws”与“theyarealsocalledbingtanghulu”之间存在因果关系,故此处用why引导表语从句。9.Another 考查限定词。根据第二段第二句中的“alegend”并结合语境可知,此处在讲另一个有关糖葫芦起源的故事,故填限定词Another。10.reminds 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“often”和句意可知,该从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时,且which引导的定语从句修饰先行词“acombinationofflavors”,故该从句的谓语动词用单数形式,故填reminds。
