2021高考英语短文故事精读与语法填空训练（十五）一：语法填空训练Punctualityisanecessaryhabitinallpublic(affair)incivilizedsociety.Withoutit,nothingcouldeverbebroughttoa(conclude);everythingwouldbeinastateofchaos.Onlyinasparsely-populatedruralcommunityisitpossibletodisregardit.Inordinaryliving,therecanbesometoleranceofunpunctuality.Theintellectual,isworkingonsomeabstruseproblem,haseverythingcoordinatedandorganizedforthematterinhand.Heisthereforeforgiven,iflateforadinnerparty.Butpeopleareoftenreproachedforunpunctualitywhentheironlyfaultiscuttingthingsfine.Itishardfor(energy),quick-mindedpeopletowastetime,sotheyareoftentemptedtofinishajobbeforesettingouttokeepan(appoint).Ifnoaccidentsoccurontheway,likepuncturedtyres,diversionsoftraffic,suddendescentoffog,theywillbetime.Theyareoftenmoreindustrious,(use)citizensthanthosewhoareneverlate.Theover-punctualcanbeasmuchatrialtoothersastheunpunctual.Theguestwhoarriveshalfanhourtoosoonisthe(great)nuisance.Somefriendsofmyfamilyhadthisirritatinghabit.Theonlythingtodowasaskthemtocomehalfanhourlaterthanotherguests.Thentheyarrivedjustwhenwewantedthem.Ifyouarecatchingatrain,itisalwaysbettertobecomfortablyearlythanevenafractionofaminutetoolate.Althoughbeingearlymaymeanwastingalittletime,thiswillbelessthanifyoumissthetrainandhavetowaitanhourormoreforthenextone;andyouavoidthe(frustrate)ofarrivingattheverymomentwhenthetrainisdrawingoutofthestationandbeingunabletogetonit.Anevenhardersituationistobeontheplatformingoodtimeforatrainandstilltoseeitgooffwithoutyou.Suchanexperiencebefellacertainyounggirlthefirsttimeshewastravellingalone.Sheenteredthestationtwentyminutesbeforethetrainwasdue,herparentshadimpresseduponherthatitwouldbeunforgivabletomissitandcausethefriendswithwhomshewasgoingtostaytomaketwojourney(meet)her.\nShegaveherluggagetoaporterandshowedhimherticket.Toherhorrorhesaidthatshewastwohourstoosoon.Shefeltinherhandbagforthepieceofpaperonwhichherfatherhad(write)downallthedetailsofthejourneyandgaveittotheporter.Heagreedthatatraindidcomeintothestationatthetimeonthepaperandthatitdidstop,butonlytotakeonmail,notpassengers.Thegirlaskedtoseeatimetable,feelingsurethatherfathercouldnothavemadesuchmistake.Theporterwenttofetchoneandarrivedbackwiththestationmaster,whoproduceditwithaflourishandpointedoutamicroscopic‘o’besidethetimeofthearrivalofthetrainathisstation;thislittle‘o’indicatedthatthetrainonlystoppedformail.Justasthatmomentthetraincameintothestation.Thegirl,(tear)streamingdownherface,beggedtobeallowedtoslipintotheguard'svan.Butthestationmasterwasadamant:rulescouldnotbebroken.Andshehadtowatchthattraindisappeartowardsherdestinationwhileshe(leave)behind.二：词句短语长难句释义Punctualityisanecessaryhabitinallpublicaffairsincivilizedsociety.Withoutit,nothingcouldeverbebroughttoaconclusion;everythingwouldbeinastateofchaos.Onlyinasparsely-populatedruralcommunityisitpossibletodisregardit.Inordinaryliving,therecanbesometoleranceofunpunctuality.Theintellectual,whoisworkingonsomeabstruseproblem,haseverythingcoordinatedandorganizedforthematterinhand.Heisthereforeforgiven,iflateforadinnerparty.Butpeopleareoftenreproachedforunpunctualitywhentheironlyfaultiscuttingthingsfine.Itishardforenergetic,quick-mindedpeopletowastetime,sotheyareoftentemptedtofinishajobbeforesettingouttokeepanappointment.Ifnoaccidentsoccurontheway,likepuncturedtyres,diversionsoftraffic,suddendescentoffog,theywillbeontime.Theyareoftenmore\nindustrious,usefulcitizensthanthosewhoareneverlate.Theover-punctualcanbeasmuchatrialtoothersastheunpunctual.Theguestwhoarriveshalfanhourtoosoonisthegreatestnuisance.Somefriendsofmyfamilyhadthisirritatinghabit.Theonlythingtodowasaskthemtocomehalfanhourlaterthantheotherguests.Thentheyarrivedjustwhenwewantedthem.Ifyouarecatchingatrain,itisalwaysbettertobecomfortablyearlythanevenafractionofaminutetoolate.Althoughbeingearlymaymeanwastingalittletime,thiswillbelessthanifyoumissthetrainandhavetowaitanhourormoreforthenextone;andyouavoidthefrustrationofarrivingattheverymomentwhenthetrainisdrawingoutofthestationandbeingunabletogetonit.Anevenhardersituationistobeontheplatformingoodtimeforatrainandstilltoseeitgooffwithoutyou.Suchanexperiencebefellacertainyounggirlthefirsttimeshewastravellingalone.Sheenteredthestationtwentyminutesbeforethetrainwasdue,sinceherparentshadimpresseduponherthatitwouldbeunforgivabletomissitandcausethefriendswithwhomshewasgoingtostaytomaketwojourneystomeether.Shegaveherluggagetoaporterandshowedhimherticket.Toherhorrorhesaidthatshewastwohourstoosoon.Shefeltinherhandbagforthepieceofpaperonwhichherfatherhadwrittendownallthedetailsofthejourneyandgaveittotheporter.Heagreedthatatraindidcomeintothestationatthetimeonthepaperandthatitdidstop,butonlytotakeonmail,notpassengers.Thegirlaskedtoseeatimetable,feelingsurethatherfathercouldnothavemadesuchamistake.The\nporterwenttofetchoneandarrivedbackwiththestationmaster,whoproduceditwithaflourishandpointedoutamicroscopic‘o’besidethetimeofthearrivalofthetrainathisstation;thislittle‘o’indicatedthatthetrainonlystoppedformail.Justasthatmomentthetraincameintothestation.Thegirl,tearsstreamingdownherface,beggedtobeallowedtoslipintotheguard'svan.Butthestationmasterwasadamant:rulescouldnotbebroken.Andshehadtowatchthattraindisappeartowardsherdestinationwhileshewasleftbehind.1：将标记的词汇短语释义1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.\n1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.2：长难句分析释义① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ 三：文意梳理准时是文明社会中进行一切社交活动时必须养成的习惯。不准时将一事无成，事事都会陷入混乱不堪的境地。只有在人口稀少的农村，才可以忽视准时的习惯。在日常生活中人们可以容忍一定程度的不准时。一个专心钻研某个复杂问题的知识分子，为了搞好手头的研究，要把一切都协调一致、组织周密。因此，他要是赴宴迟到了会得到谅解。但有些人不准时常常是因为掐钟点所致，他们常常会受到责备。精力充沛、头脑敏捷的人极不愿意浪费时间，因此他们常想做完一件事后再去赴约。要是路上没有发生如爆胎、改道、突然起雾等意外事故，他们是决不会迟到的。他们与那些从不迟到的人相比，常常是更勤奋有用的公民。早到的人同迟到的人一样令人讨厌。客人提前半小时到达是最令人讨厌的。我家有几个朋友就有这种令人恼火的习惯。唯一的办法就是请他们比别的客人晚来半小时。这样，他们可以恰好在我们要求的时间到达。\n如果赶火车，早到总比晚到好，哪怕早到一会儿也好。虽然早到可能意味着浪费一点时间，但这比误了火车、等上一个多小时坐下一班车浪费的时间要少，而且可以避免那种正好在火车驶出站时赶到车站，因上不去车而感到的沮丧。更难堪的情况是虽然及时赶到站台上，却眼睁睁地看着那趟火车启动，把你抛下。一个小姑娘第一次单独出门就碰到了这种情况。在火车进站20分钟前她就进了车站。因为她的父母再三跟她说，如果误了这趟车，她的东道主朋友就得接她两趟，这是不应该的。她把行李交给搬运工并给他看了车票。搬运工说她早到了两个小时，她听后大吃一惊。她从钱包里摸出一张纸条，那上面有她父亲对这次旅行的详细说明，她把这张纸条交给了搬运工。搬运工说，正如纸条上所说，确有一趟火车在那个时刻到站，但它只停站装邮件，不载旅客。姑娘要求看时刻表，因为她相信父亲不能把这么大的事给弄错。搬运工跑回去取时刻表，同时请来了站长。站长拿着时刻表一挥手，指着那趟列车到站时刻旁边的一个很小的圆圈标记。这个标记表示列车是为装邮件而停车。正在这时，火车进站了。女孩泪流满面，央求让她不声不响地到押车员车厢里去算了。但站长态度坚决，规章制度不能破环，姑娘只得眼看着那趟火车消逝在她要去的方向而撇下了她。四：语法填空练习ChrisWaba,asixthgrademathteacherinSouthDakota,isgettingpraiseinhisownway.Hewenttohelpastudent 1 (lock)downathomewithherhomeworkafterschoolsswitched 2 virtuallearningbecauseofthecoronaviruspandemic. AfterreceivingamessagefromRyleeAnderson,12, 3 shewasstrugglingwithamathproblem,Wabagrabbedawhiteboardandhurriedtoherfrontdoor. “Wehadreallytriedtoworkthroughit 4 (digital),butyoucanjusttellwhenyouneedtodosomethingelse.Ijustsaid,‘I’llbeoverin 5 coupleofminutes.’”ThenallRyleewaslookingforwardto 6 (be)tobeabletoseeWaba’sappearance. 7 (help)herfigureouttheproblem,Wabaspentabout15minuteskneelingoutsidethefrontdooranddrawingonthewhiteboardwhileRyleestoodsafelyinside.Themoment 8 (shoot)oncamerabyRylee’sdad,JoshAnderson.HethenpostedthephotoonTwitter,whereitquicklywentviral. \nWabastressedthatasan 9 (educate)itisrighttogoaboveandbeyondfortheirstudentsinthistoughtime.“I’mnotoneonanisland,”hesaid.“Therearethousandsandthousandsofteachers 10 (go)theextramilefortheirkids.” 1.locked 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,lockdown要作后置定语修饰astudent,lock与student之间是被动关系,要用过去分词形式locked。2.to 考查介词。switchto意为“转换为,切换为”。故填介词to。3.that 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,前后句不缺成分,而句意上amessage的内容就是学生被数学题难住这个事实,故用that引导同位语从句。4.digitally 考查副词。分析句子结构可知,这里digital修饰谓语动词workthrough,要用副词形式。故填digitally。5.a 考查冠词。句意:我几分钟之后就过去。acoupleof意为“几个,一对”,属于固定短语。故填a。6.was 考查主谓一致和时态。句意:那个时候Rylee最期待的就是能看到Waba出现。分析句子结构可知,这里的主语是all,指笼统情况,谓语动词用单数,动作发生在过去,故be动词要用was。7.Tohelp 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助她解决这一问题,Waba在门外跪了15分钟。分析句子结构可知,这里“helpherfigureouttheproblem”作后句的目的状语,要用动词不定式。8.wasshot 考查时态和语态。句意:这一幕被Rylee的父亲用相机拍了下来。分析句子可知,主语themoment与谓语动词shoot之间应该是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,故要用一般过去时的被动语态,填wasshot。\n9.educator 考查名词。句意:Waba强调,作为一个教育者,在这段困难时期为学生们尽心尽力是应当的。分析句子可知,空白处需要一个名词,且结合介词as“作为”可知此处应该指Waba自己的身份,也就是老师、教育者。故填educator。10.going 考查非谓语动词。句意:还有成千上万的老师们为他们的学生尽心竭力、保驾护航。分析句子结构可知,这里go作后置定语修饰teachers,go与teachers之间是主动关系,要用动词-ing形式。
