第十节 状语从句考点一时间状语从句1．when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。when构成的相关句型如下：Tomwasabouttoclosethewindowwhenhisattentionwascaughtbyabird.汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。[名师点津] “一……就……”的表达如下表：词类常用词例句从属连词assoonasHestartedassoonashereceivedthenews.副词immediately，directly，instantlyTheyphonedimmediatelytheyreachedhome.名词/名词短语theminute/moment/second/instant，every/eachtimeTheyranawaythemomenttheysawtheguard.EachtimeIwasintrouble，hewouldstandby.句型结构nosooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.2.before(1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及……就……”。Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebellbeforethedoorwasopenedsuddenly，andherfriendrushedouttogreether.小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，她的朋友冲出来欢迎她。(2)Itwas＋一段时间＋before...“过了多久才……”；Itwillbe＋一段时间＋before...“再过多久之后才……”。ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.还得再过半年我才能回来。3．till和until在肯定句中主句谓语动词应是延续性的，而在否定句中主句谓语动词应是非延续性的；till不可位于句首，而until则可以。Youmaystayheretill/untiltherainstops.你可以待在这里直到雨停。Iwon'tseehimtill/untilhisangerhascooleddown.\n等他怒气消了，我再去看他。Untilyoutoldme，Ihadnoideaofit.直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。[名师点津] thefirsttime，every/eachtime，nexttime等也可引导时间状语从句，表示“第一次，每一次，下一次等”。EverytimeIwasintrouble，hewouldcometohelpme.每次我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。考点二地点状语从句通常由where或wherever引导，可位于主句前或主句后，在句首时常含有抽象意味。Youshouldletyourchildrenplaywhereyoucanseethem.你应该让小孩在你视线范围内的地方玩耍。WhereverIwent，thedogfollowedme.无论我走到哪里，这只狗总是跟着我。[名师点津] 注意区分where引导的状语从句与定语从句：You'dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.(状语从句)＝You'dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.(定语从句)你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。考点三条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless(如果不，除非)，as/solongas(只要)，suppose/supposing(that)(倘若，如果)，provided/providing(that)(倘若，如果)，onconditionthat(条件是)等。Unlesshestudieshard，hewillneverpasstheexamination.他如果不努力学习，就永远不能考及格。Wecanovercomethedifficultiesaslongasweareorganized.只要我们组织起来，我们就能克服困难。Youcanusethisroomprovidedthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy.如果你能保持房间干净整洁，你就可以用这间房子。考点四原因状语从句1．because，as，since，nowthat的用法区别引导词位置内涵语气能否回答why能否强调because主句前或后直接原因强能能as主句前或后已知原因弱不能不能since/nowthat主句前已知原因弱不能不能\nBecausehewasill，hewasabsentfromthemeeting.因为他病了，所以没去开会。Nowthateveryoneishere，let'sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都在这里，我们开始开会吧。2．除了状语从句外，一些介词短语也可以表示原因。如：becauseof,thanksto,dueto,owingto,onaccountof等。Theywerelatebecauseofthetrafficjam.因为交通堵塞他们迟到了。[名师点津] for引导表示原因的并列句，补充说明根据什么推断出前一分句的结果。Hemusthavegonetobed,forthelightisout.他一定是上床睡了，因为灯熄了。考点五让步状语从句1．通常由though，although，as(虽然，尽管)，evenif，eventhough，whoever，whatever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however，nomatterwho(what，which，when，where，how)，whether等引导。Heisunhappythough/althoughhehasalotofmoney.尽管他有钱，但并不幸福。Whatever/Nomatterwhatyouwanttodo，pleaselookbeforeyouleap.不管你想做什么事，请三思而后行。[名师点津] though还可作副词用于句末，意为“可是，然而”，although则不能。Hesaidhewouldcome，hedidn'tthough.他说他会来，可是他没来。2．as引导的让步状语从句需采用部分倒装，有时though引导的让步状语从句也采用部分倒装。Difficultasthetaskwas，theymanagedtofinishitintime.虽然这项任务很难，他们还是设法及时完成了。MuchasIlikeit，Iwon'tbuytheexpensivecar.尽管我很喜欢这辆车，但我不会买这么贵的车。考点六目的、结果、方式状语从句1．引导目的状语从句的连词有：sothat，inorderthat，forfearthat，incase等。Pleasespeakupsothatthepeopleatthebackoftheroomcanhearyou.请大点声讲，让屋子后面的人也能听见你的声音。Theyflewthereinorderthattheymightbeintimetoattendtheopeningceremony.\n他们飞往那里以便能及时参加开幕典礼。2．引导结果状语从句的连词有：sothat，so...that...，such...that...等。Hehadn'tstudiedhardsothathefailedintheexam.他平时学习不努力，结果考试不及格。Hetoldussointerestingastorythatwealllaughed.＝Hetoldussuchaninterestingstorythatwealllaughed.他给我们讲了一个这么有趣的故事，我们都大笑起来。3．引导方式状语从句的连词有：as(像……一样)，asif/though等。YoumustdotheexerciseasItellyou.你必须按照我告诉你的方法做练习。[本节小结]近几年的高考命题常将并列连词、从属连词、关系代词或关系副词放同一题干下进行考查，这就增加了考试难度。因此只有了解状语从句的分类及状语从句常用连接词的含义和用法，并能在具体语境中判断主从句之间的逻辑关系，以选择恰当的连接词，才能自如应对。针对训练Ⅰ.选择适当的词填空before；unless；when；incase；sothat；where；eventhough；though；once1．(2014·安徽高考)Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimes________itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant”．【答案】 before2．(2014·北京高考)________theforestparkisfaraway，alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.【答案】 Eventhough3．(2014·湖南高考)Youwillnevergainsuccess________youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.【答案】 unless4．(2014·江苏高考)Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture，________historycannotbechanged.【答案】 though5．(2014·江西高考)Itwasthemiddleofthenight________myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.【答案】 when6．(2014·陕西高考)Theyoungcouple，whoreturnedmylostwallet，left________Icouldaskfortheirnames.\n【答案】 before7．(2014·四川高考)I'llbeoutforsometime.________anythingimportanthappens，callmeupimmediately.【答案】 Incase8．(2014·天津高考)________youstarteatinginahealthierway，weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.【答案】 Once9．(2014·浙江高考)Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn________shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.【答案】 sothat10．(2014·重庆高考)Halfanhourlater，Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi________thebushaddroppedher.【答案】 whereⅡ.语篇填空用适当的连词完成下列短文Differentcountriesanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentmanners.Wemustfindouttheircustoms，1.________theywillnotthinkusillmannered.Hereareexamplesofthethingsthatawelleducatedpersondoesordoesnotdo.2.________youvisitaChinesefamilyyoushouldknockatthedoorfirst.3.________thedooropens，youwillnotmove4.________thehostsays，“Comein，please.”5.________youentertheroom，youshouldnotsitdown6.________thehostasksyoutotakeaseat.7.________acupofteaisputonateatablebeforeyouorsenttoyourhand，youwillsay，“Thankyou.”Andreceiveitwithtwohands，notonehand，8.________theywillthinkyouareillmannered.【答案】 1.sothat 2.If/When 3.When 4.before5．After 6.until 7.When 8.or综合演练语法填空用适当的词填空(不多于3个单词)，注意使用从属连词GandhiwashonoredasthefatheroftheIndiannation.HehasbeenrespectedandbelovedbytheIndians1.________theybelievethatheisanIndiannationalhero.HewasborninIndiain1869.2.________itisrecorded，hegotmarriedattheageof13，followingthelocalcustom.In1888hesailedtoEngland，3.________hestudiedlawforthreeyearsandbecamealawyer.4.________hereturnedto\nIndia，hewassenttoSouthAfricatoworkonalawcase.InSouthAfricahewassurprised5.________hefoundtheproblemofracialdiscriminationwasserious.Thereheformedanorganizationandthiswashowhestartedtofightforequalrights.GandhireturnedtoIndiain19156.________IndiawascontrolledbytheBritish.HeledtheIndianstofightforanendtotheBritishruleandindependenceforhiscountry.7.________inthepoliticalmovementmanyIndiansincludingGandhiwereputinprisonanditwasstillnotsure8.________theycouldgainindependence，thestrugglesneverstopped.TheBritishgovernmenthadtogivein9.________Indiawonitsindependencein1947.UnfortunatelyGandhiwasshotbyanIndian10.________heopposedGandhi'sviewsanddiedonJanuary30th,1948.【答案】 1.because 2.As 3.where 4.Immediately5．because 6.when 7.Although/Though 8.whether 9.sothat 10.because
