第二部分语法知识贯通专题二 非谓语动词题组1限时模拟 A单句填空1.[2021四川绵阳一诊,67]BeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystemadoptsauniquetwo-waycommunicationsystem,includingitsability (receive)messagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorsignals. 2.[2021天津八校联考,28] (release)onSeptember25,2020,Leap,whichfocusesonthestoryofChineseWomenVolleyballTeam,soonbecameagreathit. 3.[2021安徽江淮十校二测,42]Thoughhestudiedforthecivilserviceexamtobecomeacivilservantlikehisfather,DuFufailed (pass)andspentmanyyearstraveling. 4.[2021山西太原质量监测,63]Thepeopleborninthe1980sor1990sbelievethat (save)foodisavirtue. 5.[2021黑龙江哈尔滨部分学校第一次考试,64]Plumrains,often (occur)duringJuneandJuly,refertothelongperiodofcontinuousrainyorcloudyweather. 6.[2021河南名校联考,61&62]AntForest (found)byAntFinancialServicesGrouphasreceiveda2019ChampionsoftheEarthaward,theUN’shighestenvironmentalhonor.AntForestimprovesgreenerlifestylesbyinspiringusers (reduce)carbonemissionsintheirdailylivesandbetterprotecttheenvironment. 7.[2021江苏百校联考,67&68]Youmayhavenoticedhowbusytreesquirrelsareinfall, (search)foreverylastseedandnutthatcanbefoundandstockingtheirtreehomeswithenoughfood (get)themthroughwinter. 8.[2021贵州贵阳摸底考试,70]Ialsolookforwardto (open)chancestoexposethepeopleofmycountrytoChineseculture. 9.[2021山西太原质量监测,64]Youngpeoplealsogivetheiropinionsonhow (help)reducefoodwaste. \n10.[2021陕西百校联盟第一次模拟,61]A56-year-oldenthusiasticbackyardbirdwatchernamedStuartDahlquistspentyears (leave)outfoodforafamilyofcrows. 11.[2021河北衡水中学期中,80]Busily (employ)incleaninghisshoes,hedidn’tnoticemycoming. 12.[2021广东四市名校联考,36]Amassivewildfireforcesthousandsofpeople (flee)theirhomes. 13.[2021辽宁六校协作体联考,60]Theplantsareirrigatedby (use)asimpledripsystem(滴灌系统). 14.[2020广东六校联考,62]TheteafromChinaisingreatabundance. (tell)ifapotofteaisniceyoucanmainlyrelyonthecolor,smell,tasteandform. 15.[2020山东临沂期中,64]Peoplewithahealthylifestyleandgoodgeneticinheritance(遗传特征)tend (score)"younger"ontheseassessments. 16.[2020四川绵阳一诊,61]LiNabecamethefirstAsian-bornplayer (head)totheInternationalTennisHallofFamein2019. 17.[2020湖南益阳、湘潭两市教学质量测评,43]Theyareasimportantasabirthdaycakewithitscandles (light)inwesterncountries. 18.[2020黑龙江大庆铁人中学期中,14]Thecarelessdriveris (blame)forthetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterday. B单句改错19.[2021豫湘名校联考]Ithinkattendextraclassesduringtheweekendswillmakemetorelyonthem. 20.[2021江西名校第二次联考]Aftergethome,Italkedtomyparentsaboutmyidea. 21.[2021吉林省吉林市一调]IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandI’mconfidentingivingplayersguidanceandhelpasrequiring. \n22.[2021黑龙江八校联考]Iappreciatethebeautyhidinginliterature. 23.[2021安徽四校适应性测试]TeahasalonghistoryinChina,datedbackto5,000yearsago. 24.[2021河南新乡一模]Onlybymakinggoodpreparationsforexamscanweavoidsufferfromthepressure. 25.[2021江西临川一中考试]Peoplewillsurelytakeitforgrantedthattheyhavethedutypreventanykillingofwildanimals. 26.[2021四省八校开学考]Somestudentsplaymobilephonesorsleepinclass,wastelargequantitiesofprecioustime. 27.[2021山西运城期中]I’mgladtohearthatyouareconsideringmakeupwithPeter. 28.[2020辽宁五校协作体联考]Fromthenon,wemanagedtosparehalfanhoureverydaytoreadingbooks,howeverbusywewere. 29.[2020河北石家庄摸底考试]JourneytotheWestisafantasticstorysettingintheTangdynasty. 30.[2020安徽示范高中名校联考]Ioftenhelpmakingteaanddrinktogetherwithhim. 题组2精选真题 A单句填空1.[2020全国П,65]Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes (decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune. 2.[2020全国Ш,69]Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds (surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears. \n3.[2020浙江,63]Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas, (make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields. 4.[2020北京,5]Ittakesthemhundredsofyears (break)down. 5.[2020天津,4] (help)uspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggestedreadingthroughournotes. 6.[2020江苏,31]Technologicalinnovations, (combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts. 7.[2020浙江1月,57]Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41andisexpected (increase)to42by2050. 8.[2019全国Ι,64]Modernmethods...areexpensive (perform)consistentlyoveralargearea. 9.[2019全国П,65]…shehadnoplans (retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness. 10.[2019全国П,68]Whenwegotacall (say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke. 11.[2019全国Ш,62]Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake (get)there. 12.[2019天津,10]Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially (design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally. 13.[2019江苏,32]China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries (recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs. 14.[2018全国Ш,64&65]Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid (look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel (challenge). 15.[2018全国П,70]China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile (feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,"saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele. 16.[2018浙江11月,62]Largeramountsofcaffeinecancauseaproblem (call)caffeinism. \n17.[2018全国Ι,62]Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong (see)thebenefit. 18.[2018北京,10]Ordinarysoap, (use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively. 19.[2018江苏,26]Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod, (exceed)theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts. 20.[2018全国Ш,70]Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme (stay)andwatch. 21.[2018天津,7]IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph (take). 22.[2018北京,3] (travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience. 23.[2018浙江,59]Istillremember (visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyears… 24.[2017乙卷(全国Ι),63]Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired (process)thefoodthatweeat... 25.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),61]Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term (rest). 26.[2017北京,27]Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonline (save)theirvaluabletime. 27.[2017北京,30]Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife, (range)frombutterfliestoelephants. 28.[2017天津,10]Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain (catch). 29.[2017丙卷(全国Ш),65]ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants (prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty. 30.[2016四川,64]For25days,sheneverleftherbaby,noteventofindsomething (eat)! 31.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),64]Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots, (use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit. \n32.[2016丙卷(全国Ш),63]Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal (create)specialdesigns. 33.[2016天津,4]Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows, (make)airconditioningunnecessary. 34.[2016乙卷(全国Ι),67]Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude (introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia. B单句改错35.[2020全国Ш改错]Itellmymomthatifwe’reforcedeatthings,wemaybecomeill. 36.[2019全国Ш改错]IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore. 37.[2019全国Ш改错]Nowmydreamistoopensacafe. 38.[2018全国Ш改错]Everyonewassilent,waittoseewhowould... 39.[2018全国П改错]Asakid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnotletme. 40.[2016甲卷(全国П)改错]Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip. 41.[2016丙卷(全国Ш)改错]IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes. A专项语篇型填空(非谓语动词)Standingatthewindowofanexpensiveshopwasayoungwoman 1 (dress)inbluejeans.Shewentinandasked 2 (see)adressinthewindow.Theassistant 3 (serve)herdidnotlikethewayshedressedandtoldherthedresswassold.The\nwomanwalkedoutoftheshopangrily. 4 (decide)topunishtheassistant,thewomanreturnedtotheshopthefollowingmorning.Findingtherudeassistant,sheaskedforthesamedress.Notrealizingwhoshewas,hewaseager 5 (serve)herthistime.Withgreatdifficulty,heclimbedintotheshopwindow 6 (get)thedress.Seeingthis,thewomansaidthatshedidn’tlikeit.Shemadetheassistant 7 (bring)almosteverythinginthewindowbeforefinally 8 (buy)thedressshehadaskedforatfirst.Shewasverypleasedwithwhatshehaddone. 9 (recognize)thewomanbynow,theassistantdidn’tfeelangry.Instead,hefeltsorryforwhathehaddonethedaybefore, 10 (apologize)toherforwhathehaddone.Thewomanforgavehimandlaterbecamearegularcustomeroftheshop. B语法填空[2021山东部分重点中学综合测试]KangYu,a24-year-oldvolunteerteacherinaremotetowninthemountainsofYunnanprovince,wasteachingcalligraphytotheeighthgraderswhenallof 1 sudden,thecloudsseemedtoburstandtheelectricitywentout. 2 (see)thatthestudentswerestaringattherain,Kang 3 (immediate)gotaburstofinspiration. Shetoldthemtogooutside,underashelter,toenjoytherainandcomebacktowritesomethinglikeapoem.Much __4 hersurprise,theworkswrittenbythestudentswerefarbeyondherexpectations! Inspiredbythatclass,Kangfoundedthenon-profitorganization,EnlightenOurFuture,tohelpChineseyoungstersimprovetheirmentalwell-beingandtheirexamgradesthroughpoetrycompositionand 5 (appreciate).Shemanagedtopersuade13schools 6 (adopt)the"Four-SeasonPoetryLessons"project,withateachingplan,contentandmethodssheprovided.Sofar,thepoetrylessons 7 (design)bytheorganizationhavehelped68,000studentsin823primaryandmiddleschools,mostlyinpoorareas.NowEnlightenOurFuture 8 (run)bythreefull-timeworkers,includingKang,60part-timeworkers,280backupsandmorethan1,000volunteers. What’sgreataboutpoetryisthatitcanhelponetofindan 9 (effect)waytocommunicatewithoneself,shesays."Whattheyneedisnotsympathy,butrecognition, 10 Ithinkwillinfluencetheirwholelife." \nC短文改错 [2021山西太原质量检测]InordertocelebratedNationalDayandtheMid-AutumnFestival,andwehadan8-dayholiday.Afterit,myclassmatesandIweretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholidayexcitedly.Thenwedecidedtogotohelpthefarmersinsteadofstayathome.Assoonaswearrivedatfarm,wewereattractedbytheappleshangingonthebranches.Wecouldn’twaittopicktheapples,whichwerethemostinterestingwork.Particular,wewereallowedtochoosewhatwelikedbestandtastethem.Wedidn’tfeelboringatalleventhoughthejobwastiring.Weworkedfor5hourshappilyunlessthesunset.答案专题二 非谓语动词题组1 限时模拟A单句填空1.toreceive 此处考查固定用法abilitytodosth."做某事的能力"。【知识储备】 原动词如果习惯搭配不定式作宾语,则其名词往往习惯搭配不定式作后置定语,常见的有decidetodo→thedecisiontodo,determinetodo→thedeterminationtodo,promisetodo→thepromisetodo等。2.Released 分析句子结构可知,本句的主干为"Leapsoonbecameagreathit",空处为非谓语动词作状语,且release与主语Leap之间为动宾关系,故填过去分词形式。3.topass 句意:尽管杜甫为了像父亲一样成为一名官员而参加了科举考试,但他没有通过考试,接着开始了多年的游历生活。failtodo...意为"失败,未做成",为固定搭配,故填topass。4.saving 分析句子结构可知,空处与food为宾语从句的主语,应用动词-ing形式,故填saving。5.occurring 分析句子结构可知,本句谓语为referto,故空处为非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语是主谓关系,所以填occurring。\n6.founded;toreduce 分析句子结构可知,第一句的谓语为hasreceived,第一空应填非谓语动词,且found与其逻辑主语AntForest为动宾关系,所以第一空填founded;第二空考查固定表达inspiresb.todosth."激励某人做某事",故第二空填toreduce。7.searching;toget 分析句子结构可知,search和其逻辑主语treesquirrels构成主谓关系,故第一空用现在分词形式searching;第二空为不定式短语作目的状语,所以填toget。8.opening 此处lookforwardtodoingsth.为固定表达,意为"盼望做某事",所以填opening。9.tohelp 分析句子结构可知,此处为"特殊疑问词+不定式短语"结构,在句中作介词on的宾语,故填tohelp。10.leaving 此处考查固定表达spendsometimedoingsth.,意为"花时间做某事",所以填leaving。11.employed 根据句子结构和句意可知,空处为非谓语动词作原因状语,且employ与其逻辑主语he为动宾关系,再结合固定搭配beemployedindoingsth.可知,空处应填employed。12.toflee 句意:一场大规模的野火迫使成千上万的人逃离家园。forcesb.todosth.意为"迫使某人做某事",故填toflee。13.using 介词后接名词、代词或动名词,根据介词by可知,空处用动名词形式,故填using。14.Totell 分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语,故用动词不定式Totell。15.toscore 句意:拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人往往在这些评价中获得高分。此处考查固定用法,tendtodosth."往往做某事"。16.tohead 被theonly,thefirst,thesecond,thebest等修饰的名词,常用动词不定式作后置定语。17.lit 句意:在西方国家,它们和点着蜡烛的生日蛋糕一样重要。句中使用了"with+宾语+宾补"结构,itscandles与light之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补,填lit。18.toblame 句意:粗心的司机应该为昨天发生的交通事故承担责任。sb.betoblameforsth.意为"某人应该为某事负责",故填toblame。B单句改错\n19.attend→attending;去掉to 从句谓语动词为willmake,此处主语应用动词-ing形式,故把attend改为attending;makesb.dosth.为固定搭配,表示"使某人做某事",应用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,故去掉to。20.get→getting 句意:回家后,我和父母谈了我的想法。介词后动词应用动词-ing形式作宾语,故将get改为getting。21.requiring→required 句意:我精通英语,我有信心按照被要求的那样给运动员提供指导和帮助。此处为as引导的方式状语从句,该从句中省略了主语和动词be,又该处表被动意义,故用过去分词形式。22.hiding→hidden 句意:我欣赏隐藏在文学中的美。分析句子结构可知,hide在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且与其逻辑主语beauty之间为动宾关系,故应用过去分词作定语。23.dated→dating 分析句子结构可知,本句的谓语动词是has,date在句中应用非谓语动词形式,datebackto为固定用法,意为"追溯到",与主语为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以将dated改为dating。24.suffer→suffering 句意:只有做好考试准备,我们才能避免承受压力。此处考查固定搭配avoiddoingsth."避免做某事",avoid后跟动词-ing作宾语,故suffer改为suffering。25.prevent前加to 句意:人们肯定会想当然地认为他们有责任防止任何杀害野生动物的行为。havea/thedutytodosth.意为"有责任做某事",故在prevent前加to。26.waste→wasting 分析句子结构可知,本句子已有谓语动词,且此处前面没有连词连接,应为非谓语动词;又waste与主语Somestudents构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故应该使用现在分词形式。27.make→making 此处考查固定用法considerdoingsth.。28.reading→read sparesb./sth.todosth.意为"抽出……做某事",为固定用法。29.setting→set 分析句子结构可知,动词set和其逻辑主语afantasticstory之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词set。30.making→make helpdosth.意为"帮忙做某事",故将making改为make。题组2 精选真题A单句填空1.decorated 空前的them和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用动词的-ed形式作宾语补足语,填decorated。2.surrounding 此处考查seesth.doing结构,surroundingthemountaintops在此作宾补。\n3.making 结合and和上文的planting可知,此处应该填making与其并列。4.tobreak 句意:它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型Ittakessb./sth.+一段时间+todosth.(花某人/物多长时间干某事),此处用动词不定式(todo)作真正主语,It为形式主语。故填tobreak。5.Tohelp 句意:为了帮助我们为考试做准备,老师建议我们通读我们的笔记。根据句意可知,此处应填不定式,表目的。6.combined 句意:技术创新与良好的营销相结合,将促进这些产品的销售。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,主语Technologicalinnovations和动词combine之间为被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。7.toincrease 根据isexpected可知,其后需要接不定式todo结构,意为"预计将……"。8.toperform 此处考查"主语+be+adj.+不定式"结构,主语通常是不定式动作的承受者,不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。9.toretire 此处表示"她没有从她(从事了)36年的事业中退休的计划"。名词plan(s)后常跟不定式作定语,planstodosth.意为"做某事的计划"。10.saying 句意:当我们接到一个电话说她入围时,我们以为这是个玩笑。分析句子结构可知,say与acall之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用动词-ing形式saying,"saying..."作后置定语,说明acall的内容。11.toget 句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得非常大,我们不禁想知道还要多久才能到达那里。ittakessb.sometimetodosth.意为"做某事花费某人多长时间",其中it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。12.designed 此处course与design之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。13.recognizing 句意:随着更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用,中国的形象正在稳步提升。此处是with复合结构,动词recognize与其逻辑主语morecountries之间是主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式。14.looking;challenged 句意:我赶紧弯腰低头,避免与他直视,这样他就不会感觉受到挑战。第一空在avoid后作宾语,avoiddoingsth.表示"避免做某事",故此处应用动词-ing形式;第二空在系动词feel之后,作表语,且challenge和主语he为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。15.feeding 此处为状语从句的省略,且feed与其逻辑主语为主谓关系,故用现在分词作状语。\n16.called 分析句子结构可知,句子的谓语动词是cause,此处应填非谓语动词;problem与call之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用过去分词。17.tosee 分析句子结构可知,空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。18.used 句意:普通肥皂,如果使用得当,能有效应对细菌。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作条件状语,use与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词。19.exceeding 句意:这段时间约13500个新的就业岗位被创造出来,超过了市场分析师预计的12000个。exceed与句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词。20.tostay 此处考查allowsb.todosth."允许某人做某事",故填不定式作宾语补足语。21.taken 分析句子结构可知,本空在句中作宾语补足语,动词take与myphotograph之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用过去分词。22.Traveling 句意:沿着古丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣且有意义的经历。分析句子结构可知,is前的部分为主语,故此处应用动词-ing形式。23.visiting 结合语境可知,此处表示"记得做过某事",因此用rememberdoingsth.,故填visiting。24.toprocess 句意:动植物油和盐是饮食中非常重要的部分。我们需要它们来加工吃的食物。此处考查"berequiredtodosth.(被需要来做某事)"。25.resting spendsometimedoingsth.是固定用法,故填resting。26.tosave 句意:现在很多航空公司允许乘客在网上打印登机卡,以节约他们的宝贵时间。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处用动词不定式作目的状语。27.ranging 句意:国家公园有大量的野生动物,从蝴蝶到大象都有。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处应使用非谓语动词,且空处与其逻辑主语alargecollectionofwildlife为主谓关系,故填ranging。28.tocatch 句意:整个会议上我一直在看钟表,因为我要赶火车。本空所在部分用了havesth.todo结构表示"有某事要做",因此这里用不定式。29.toprove wanttodo是固定搭配,故填toprove。30.toeat 分析句子结构可知,此处用动词不定式的主动形式作定语修饰不定代词something。31.using use与其逻辑主语People之间是主谓关系,故此处用现在分词作状语。32.tocreate 句意:熟练的工人为了创造独特的设计,还把各种硬木与金属结合起来。本空在句中作目的状语,因此用不定式。\n33.making 句意:冷风通过我们卧室的窗户袭来,使得开空调没有必要。空处在句中作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,且与句子主语之间为主谓关系,故应用现在分词。34.introducing 动词include后要跟动词-ing作宾语,所以此空填introducing。B单句改错35.forced后加to beforcedtodosth."被迫做某事"。36.manage→managing 介词后跟动词时应用其-ing形式作宾语。37.opens→open 分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式在句中作表语。38.wait→waiting wait前没有连词,所以此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语,且Everyone与wait为逻辑上的主谓关系,故应用动词-ing形式。39.watching→watch 此处考查asktodosth."要求做某事",为固定用法,ask后跟不定式作宾语。40.take→taking 此处and连接两个并列的成分,且介词后应接动词-ing形式,所以将take改为taking。41.wear→wearing 介词后跟动词时应用其-ing形式作宾语。A专项语篇型填空(非谓语动词) 本文讲述了顾客和售货员之间发生的故事。1.dressed 动词dress表示"穿衣服",这里用过去分词作后置定语。2.tosee ask后接不定式作宾语,表示"要求做某事"。3.serving serve与Theassistant为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词作定语。4.Havingdecided 这里用动词-ing作状语,用其完成式表示该动作先于谓语动词的动作发生。5.toserve 这里用beeagertodosth.表示"渴望做某事"。6.toget 此处用不定式作目的状语。7.bring 动词make后接不带to的不定式作宾补。8.buying 空处位于介词before后,应用动词-ing形式作宾语。9.Havingrecognized 这里用动词-ing作状语,用其完成式表示该动作先于谓语动词的动作发生。10.apologizing 空处所在句已有谓语动词,故空处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语,且apologize与其逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。B语法填空\n 24岁的志愿者教师康瑜在云南省山区一个偏僻的小镇上教书法。一场大雨使教室断电,她便让学生去看雨并创作诗歌。学生们的作品远远超出了她的预期,这件事启发她创立了非营利组织"是光",通过诗歌创作和欣赏帮助中国青少年改善心理健康和考试成绩。1.a 考查固定搭配。allofasudden"突然"为固定搭配。2.Seeing 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词,与主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。3.immediately 考查词形转换。副词修饰动词,此处修饰动词got,故用副词形式。4.to 考查固定搭配。Muchtohersurprise意为"令她十分惊讶的是",符合语境。5.appreciation 考查名词。此处表示"通过诗歌创作和欣赏",and连接并列成分,composition为名词,故此处应填appreciate的名词形式。6.toadopt 考查固定用法。persuadesb.todosth."说服某人做某事"为固定用法。7.designed 考查非谓语动词。此处为分词短语作后置定语,修饰名词lessons,空处与lessons构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。8.isrun 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。Now提示时态应为现在时,又此处表述客观情况,故用一般现在时;主语EnlightenOurFuture为单数,应是被运营,与run是被动关系,故填isrun。【知识储备】 用所给动词的适当形式填空,需要先判断该动词是作谓语还是为非谓语动词,如果是作谓语,要考虑时态、语态和单复数问题。9.effective 考查形容词。修饰名词需要用形容词,空处修饰名词way,应用形容词effective"有效的"。10.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为recognition,指物,空处在该定语从句中作主语,故用which。C短文改错 作者讲述了自己在假期期间,跟同班同学去农场帮助农民摘苹果的经历。1.celebrated→celebrate 动词形式误用。inordertodosth.为固定用法,意为"为了做某事",所以需要将celebrated改为celebrate。2.删除and 连词多用。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为不定式短语作目的状语,逗号后面为句子主干,所以需要删除and。3.After→Before 介词误用。根据语境可知,我和同班同学们讨论假期要做什么应该发生在放假之前,所以需要将After改为Before。\n4.how→what 特殊疑问词误用。根据语境可知,此处表示"做什么",所以需要将how改为what。5.stay→staying 动词形式误用。of为介词,后面接动词时需用动名词形式,所以需要将stay改为staying。6.farm前面加the 冠词漏用。根据语境可知,此处farm特指我们之前讨论的要来帮助农民的农场,所以需要在farm前面加定冠词the。7.were→was 主谓一致误用。分析句子结构可知,此处which引导非限制性定语从句,指代摘苹果这件事,因此从句的谓语动词应用单数形式,所以需要将were改为was。8.Particular→Particularly 形容词和副词混用。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词修饰整个句子,所以需要将Particular改为Particularly。9.boring→bored 形容词误用。此处形容人的感受,需要用-ed结尾的形容词,所以将boring改为bored。10.unless→until/till/before 连词误用。根据语境可知,我们一直工作到日落,快乐地工作了五个小时,所以需要将unless改为until/till。也可理解为在日落前我们快乐地工作了五个小时,故也可将unless改为before。
