课时提能练(三十七)选修7 Unit19 Language(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·武汉市高中毕业生学习质量检测)Haveyoueverexperiencedanyinconveniencecausedbylanguagebarrierswhiletravelling?Haveyoueverthoughthowawesomethoselanguagecourseswouldbeiftheydidn'tcostsomuchmoneyandrequiresomuchtime?Translatyiscreatedtoservethispurpose—withoutwastingyourmoneyandtimeonlanguagecourses，youcaninstantlybecome“fluent”inmorethan40languageswiththisgeniusdevice!WhatisTranslaty?Translatyisasimpleyetlifechanginginventionthathelpsyoutoovercomeanyobstaclecausedbyforeignlanguages，whetheryou'reinabusinessmeetingwithaninternationalclientorsunbathingsomewhereonaSpanishbeach.Thissmallbutingeniousdeviceisabletoinstantlyrecognizeandtranslateover40differentlanguages，makinginterculturalcommunicationcompletelyeffortless!Whatlanguagescanyouactuallycommunicatein?Translatyhasmorethan40languagespreinstalled，soyou'reabletouseittheminuteyougetit!Itprovidesfastandaccuratetwowaycommunicationandallowsyoutoinstallsomeotherlanguagesthatyoumightbemissing.WhatmakesTranslatysospecial?*Itmakestravellingeasier—forgetlanguagebarriersandbecome“fluent”inmorethan40languages.*Ithelpswithbusiness—strengtheningyourinternationalbusinessrelationships.It'seasywhenyouspeakthesamelanguage.*Itassistsindailylife—allowingyoutoovercomelanguagedifferencesbetweenyouandyourforeignfriends.*It'sconvenientandeasytouse—lightweightandsimpledesignensuresit'stherewhenyouneeditthemost.*Itoffers100%accurate，twowaytranslations.*Thehighqualitysoundandrecordingensuretherearenomisunderstandings.Tosumup—getitifyoucan!【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了语言翻译设备Translaty，包括其用途、特色等。\n1．Translatycanhelpusers________.A．betterunderstandforeignersB．learnforeignlanguageswellC．spendlessinlearningalanguageD．buildrelationshipswithcolleaguesA [细节理解题。根据WhatisTranslaty？部分第一句“Translatyisasimpleyetlifechanginginventionthathelpsyoutoovercomeanyobstacle...onaSpanishbeach”可知，Translaty可以帮助人们克服任何由外语带来的障碍，无论是在和国际客户的商务会议上，还是在西班牙海滩上的某个地方晒太阳。由此可知，Translaty能帮助用户更好地理解外国人。故选A。]2．WhatisspecialaboutTranslaty?A．It'ssecure. B．It'sstrong.C．It'sreliable. D．It'saffordable.C [细节理解题。根据WhatmakesTranslatysospecial？部分中的“Itoffers100%accurate，twowaytranslations”以及“Thehighqualitysoundandrecordingensuretherearenomisunderstandings”可知，Translaty翻译的内容精确，且其优质的声音和录音能确保交际中没有误解。由此可知，Translaty比较可靠。故选C。]3．What'sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toreport. B．Toadvertise.C．Toappeal. D．Toreply.B [写作目的题。文章第一段陈述旅行时经历的由语言障碍造成的不便和语言课程费钱、费时的情况从而引出对Translaty的介绍，然后文章依次介绍了Translaty的用途、可翻译的语言的数量以及其特别之处，并在最后引导人们购买该设备。由此可推知，本文的目的是为Translaty这个设备做广告。故选B。]B(2020·福州市毕业班适应性测试)Whilemanyofusmayhavebeenawaysomewherenicelastsummer，fewwouldsaythatwe've“summered”．“Summer”isclearlyanoun，moreprecisely，averbednoun.Waybackinourchildhood，wealllearnedthedifferencebetweenanounandaverb.Withsuchacleardefinition，itwaseasytospotthedifference.Notsoinadulthood，whereweareexpectedto“foot”thebill，“chair”committees，and“dialogue”withpoliticalopponents.Chancesareyoudidn'tfeeluncomfortableaboutthesightofthoseverbednouns.\n“TheverbingofnounsisasoldastheEnglishlanguage，”saysPatriciaO'Conner，aformereditoratTheNewYorkTimesBookReview.Expertsestimatedthat20percentofallEnglishverbswereoriginallynouns.Andthephenomenonseemstobesnowballing.Since1900，about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns.Eventhoughtheconversion(转化)isquiteuniversal，plentyofgrammariansobjecttothepractice.WilliamStrunkJr.andE．B.White，inTheElementsofStyle—anauthoritative(权威性的)bookfortheuseofAmericanEnglish—havethistosay，“Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad，butallaresuspect.”TheChicagoManualofStyletakesasimilarstandpoint，advisingwriterstouseverbswithgreatcare.“Sometimespeopleobjecttoanewverbbecausetheyresistwhatisunfamiliartothem，”saysO'Conner.That'swhywe'recomfortable“hosting”aparty，butwemightfeelupsetbythethoughtof“medaling”insports.Soarethereanyrulesforverbing?BenjaminDreyer，copychiefatRandomHouse，doesn'tofferarule，butsuggeststhatpeoplethinktwiceabout“verbifying”anounifit'seasilyreplacedbyanalreadyexistingpopularverb.Makesureit'sdescriptivebutnotsillysounding，hesays.Intheend，however，styleissubjective.TheeasyconversionofnounstoverbshasbeenpartofEnglishgrammarforcenturies；itisoneoftheprocessesthatmakeEnglish“English”．Noteverycoinage(新创的词语)passesintogeneraluse，butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether，forgetit.【语篇解读】 在英语中把名词动词化的做法很普遍，但是很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且有时这样做也可能会让我们失望，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。4．Whatcanwelearnabouttheverbingofnouns?A．Ithasn'trecentlybeenopposedbymanygrammarians.B．Itismorecommonlyacceptedbychildrenthanadults.C．Ithasn'tbeenararephenomenonsincelastcentury.D．Itiseasilyreplacedbyexistingverbsinpractice.C [细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“Since1900，about40percentofallnewverbshavecomefromnouns”可知，自1900年以来，大约40%的新动词来自名词。据此可知，自上个世纪以来，名词的动词化就成了常见的现象，故C项正确。]【干扰项分析】 根据第四段第一句“Eventhoughtheconversion(转化)isquiteuniversal，plentyofgrammariansobjecttothe\npractice”可知，虽然转化相当普遍，但是大量的语法学家反对这种做法，故A项与文意相反；B、D两项文中没有提及。5．Whatismostleadingexperts'attitudetowardsthepracticeoftheverbingofnouns?A．Cautious. B．Satisfied.C．Disappointed. D．Unconcerned.A [推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Manynounslatelyhavebeenpressedintoserviceasverbs.Notallarebad，butallaresuspect”可知，针对名词的动词化，两位权威的语法学家认为并非所有这种做法都是不好的，但所有都是不可靠的。据此可推知，权威专家对把名词动词化的做法持谨慎的态度，故A项正确。]6．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofendingtheverbingofnouns?A．Predictable. B．Practicable.C．Approaching. D．Impossible.D [推理判断题。根据尾段尾句“Noteverycoinage(新创的词语)passesintogeneraluse，butasfortryingtoendverbingaltogether，forgetit”可知，不是每个新创的词语都会普遍使用，但是至于试图结束名词的动词化，那就算了吧。据此可推知，作者认为结束名词的动词化是不可能的，故D项正确。A项意为“可预见的”，B项意为“可行的，行得通的”，都与文意不符。]7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Are40PercentofAllNewVerbsfromNouns?B．AreSummeringandMedalingAnnoying?C．AreYouComfortableAboutaNewVerb?D．AreThereAnyRulesforVerbing?B [标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章首段以summer一词为例引出主题：名词的动词化；接着文章表述把名词动词化的做法很普遍，但有很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且这样做有时可能会让我们失望，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。故B项最适合作本文标题。]【易错分析】 C项“你对新动词感觉自在吗？”概括比较空泛，没有突出名词的动词化，故排除。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·南昌市摸底测试)Aftergetting“payingitforward”severaltimes，IalwayswishIcouldbuyacoffeeforastrangertoo.Thatparticularmorning，I__1___inmyrearviewmirror(后视镜)whenIgottothedrivethroughwindowtopay.A__2__womanwasdrivingasportscarbehind.Icouldseehergoldjewelryshininginthesunshine.“Nowaydoessheneedmetobuyhercoffee！”Iwasquite__3__，butthenthat__4___shoutedinmyheart，“Payforhercoffee.”\nAreyoukiddingme?Iwas__5__oncashmyself，andIwasalreadyfeelingguiltyfor__6__cashonmyowncoffee.__7__，Itoldthecashier，“Pleaseputthesportscar's__8__onmybill.”AssoonasIsaidit，Ifelt__9__.IknewIhadfollowedmyheart.Ipaidthecashieranddrovetotheparkinglot.__10__，thesportscarfollowed.Thelady__11__andsaid，“Idon'tknowwhyIamtellingyouthisbutIneedyoutoknowhowmuchI__12__thatcoffee.”Shestartedto__13__，“Ourbusinesspartner__14__usandleftusinthecold.Thiscouldnothavecomeataworsetime__15__welostoursontocancerlastmonth.Ithoughtnobody__16__aboutus，andthenyouappeared.Thankyoueversomuch.”ThenIwastheonewhowas__17__tears.Wechattedandshe__18__methatIgavehermuchmorethanacupofcoffeethatmorning.NexttimeIaminthedrivethroughandfeelthe__19__topayitforward，therewillbeno__20__.【语篇解读】 在经历了很多次爱心传递之后，作者也希望能给一个陌生人买一杯咖啡。在那个特殊的早晨，作者为一位开跑车的穿着讲究的女士买了一杯咖啡，作者一开始觉得那位女士不需要别人帮她买咖啡，事后了解到那位女士的境况；那位女士很感激作者买的咖啡，而且感受到了作者的关怀；作者感触颇深，决定下次要毫不犹豫地为他人付款。1．A.noticed B．watchedC．recognizedD．glancedD [根据空后的“inmyrearviewmirror(后视镜)”可知，作者在得来速窗口付款时，瞥了一眼后视镜。glance意为“瞥一眼，匆匆一看”，故选D。]2．A.crazy B．welldressedC．palelookingD．cautiousB [根据下文中的“asportscar”“goldjewelry”可推知，一位穿着讲究的(welldressed)女士开着一辆跑车在作者后边。]3．A.positiveB．passiveC．uncertainD．ashamedA [根据上文对那位女士的描述可知，作者确信那位女士不需要作者给她买咖啡。positive意为“确信的，肯定的”，故选A。]4．A.opinionB．idea C．voice D．wishC [根据空后的“shouted”可知，作者心里面的一个声音在喊“给她买咖啡”，故选C。]5．A.looseB．easy C．soft D．low\nD [根据空后的“Iwasalreadyfeelingguilty...coffee”可知，作者的钱也不多，花钱给自己买咖啡，作者都觉得内疚，belowoncash表示钱不多的，故选D。]6．A.wastingB．spending C．giving D．losingB [参见上题解析。]7．A.HoweverB．Instead C．Besides D．ThereforeA [根据下文的“Pleaseput...onmybill”可知，虽然作者给自己买咖啡都觉得内疚，但还是告诉收银员把开跑车那位女士的订单(order)算在自己的账上。此处表示转折，故选A。]8．A.price B．debt C．order D．budgetC [参见上题解析。]9．A.amusedB．regretfulC．encouragedD．relievedD [根据空后一句“IknewIhadfollowedmyheart”可知，作者说完松了一口气，故选D。]10．A.Unfortunately B．ImmediatelyC．Unexpectedly D．ObviouslyC [根据语境可推知，那位女士跟着作者是作者没有想到的，故选C。unexpectedly“想不到地，意外地”。]11．A.cameup B．turnedup C．visited D．movedA [根据下文那位女士说的话可知，此处表示那位女士走上前对作者说，“我不知道我为什么跟你说这个，但是我需要你知道我是多么地感谢(appreciate)那杯咖啡”，故选A。comeup“走上前来”。]12．A.appreciateB．expect C．miss D．dislikeA [参见上题解析。]13．A.argue B．smile C．complain D．cryD [根据下文中的“tears”并结合语境可知，那位女士开始哭起来，故选D。]14．A.helpedB．cheated C．treated D．defeated\nB [根据空后的“leftusinthecold”可知，那位女士说他们的生意伙伴欺骗了他们，故选B。]15．A.onceB．before C．as D．thoughC [根据语境可知，此处表示这是他们最糟糕的时候，因为上个月他们的儿子患癌症去世了，故选C。]16．A.talked B．heard C．cared D．worriedC [根据上文内容可知，那位女士以为没有人在意他们，然后作者就出现了，故选C。]17．A.sendingback B．fightingbackC．takingback D．gettingbackB [根据语境可知，听完那位女士的悲惨遭遇，作者强忍住眼泪。fightsth.back意为“忍住，抑制住(尤指情感)”，故选B。]18．A.advisedB．convinced C．astonishedD．remindedB [根据语境可知，作者和那位女士聊着天，她让作者相信那天早晨作者给她的远远超过一杯咖啡，convince意为“使确信，使相信”，故选B。]19．A.command B．request C．duty D．urgeD [下一次当作者再出现在“得来速”，感觉到一种强烈的欲望要去把爱心传递出去的时候，作者会毫不犹豫(hesitation)，urge意为“强烈的欲望”，故选D。]20．A.hesitation B．debate C．delay D．trembleA [参见上题解析。]课时提能练(三十八)选修7 Unit19 Language(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·肇庆一模)Itshouldn'tcomeasasurprisetoanyonethatkidswhoreadforpleasurearemorelikelytobeatorabovetheirexpectedreadinglevel.Unfortunately,accordingtotheNationalAssessmentofEducationProgressscoresin2018,48percentoffourthgradersintheUShavefallenbelowtheirgradelevelwhenitcomestoreading.Schoolshavebeentryingdifferentwaystoimprovestudents'\nreadingskills,primarilybyencouragingchildrentoreadmoreoutsideoftheclassroom.OneofthemostsuccessfulprogramshasbeentheReadingtoDogsProgram.Theprogramissimple.Schoolsandlibrariespairchildrenthatneedhelpwiththeirreadingskillsupwithassistancedogs.Theenvironmentisusuallyveryrelaxed,withthedogandthechildsittingtogetheronthefloor.Thisencouragesphysicalinteractionduringtheprocesswhichcanhelpthechildrelax(pettingdogshasbeenproventolowerbloodpressureandreducestress).Childrenbenefitfromthepatience,acceptanceandcomfortofthedog'spresence,whilegettingmuchneededpracticewiththeirreadingskillsinanonjudgmentalenvironment.Childrenhaveanabilitytointeractoneononewithatherapydogtoimprovetheirreadingskills.Thebenefitsapplytootherareasoftheclassroomaswell,includingstudents'concentrationinclassandtheircompletionofhomework.Inaddition,theReadingtoDogsProgramhelpschildren：Gainconfidence.Childrenthatscoreloweronreadingexamsaregenerallyselfconsciousabouttheirabilities,andthustheyaremorelikelytobeuncomfortablewhenreadinginfrontoftheirclassmates.Byreplacingtheirclassmateswithatherapydog,theyareabletoreadinacompletelynonjudgmentalenvironment,thushelpingthemtogainconfidenceintheirskills.Learnaboutresponsiblepetcare.Inadditiontotheeducationalandsocialbenefitsofthisprogram,childrenalsolearnaboutinteractingwithananimal.Forthosewhodonothavepetsathome,thisprogramcanteachchildrenaboutproperdogcareandbehavior.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述针对美国的部分小学生阅读能力差的情况，分析ReadingtoDogsProgram能给孩子们带来的益处。1．Theauthortendstothinkthat________.A．readingforfunmayimprovechildren'sreadinglevelB．nearlyhalfofallAmericanstudentsinGradeFourhaveperformedbadlyC．studentscannotimprovetheirreadingabilitybyreadinginclassD．dogsshouldbebroughtintoclassroomstoencouragekidstoreadA [推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“Itshouldn'tcomeasasurprisetoanyonethatkidswhoreadforpleasurearemorelikelytobeatorabovetheirexpectedreadinglevel.”可知，为了乐趣阅读可能会提高孩子的阅读水平。故选A项。]2．Assistancedogscanhelpchildren________.\na．improvetheirreadingskillsb．raisemorepetsc．focusonlessonsd．finishhomeworkA．a,b,c B．a,c,dC．b,c,dD．a,b,dB [细节理解题。根据文章第二段的最后“Childrenhaveanabilitytointeractoneononewithatherapydogtoimprovetheirreadingskills.Thebenefitsapplytootherareasoftheclassroomaswell,includingstudents'concentrationinclassandtheircompletionofhomework.”可知治疗犬可以帮助孩子提高阅读技能，提高课堂注意力和改善作业的完成，即a、c、d正确。故选B项。]3．Whatisthemainideaofthelastthreeparagraphsofthepassage?A．WhychildrenreadtodogsinAmerica.B．HowtheReadingtoDogsProgramworks.C．Whatchildrengainfromtheprogram.D．Howdogsbenefitfromtheprogram.C [主旨大意题。从最后两段的Gainconfidence.和Learnaboutresponsiblepetcare.可以判断出这几段的主题是：在这个项目中孩子们可以得到什么益处。故选C项。]4．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A．theprogramisthebestwaytoimprovereadingskillsB．childrencanlearnmorefromthepatienceofdogsC．thedogsmustreceivetraininginreadinginadvanceD．childrenwithlowerreadingabilitieslackselfconfidenceD [推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Byreplacingtheirclassmateswithatherapydog,theyareabletoreadinacompletelynonjudgmentalenvironment,thushelpingthemtogainconfidenceintheirskills.”可以推断出那些阅读能力不高的孩子是害怕在别人面前阅读，即缺乏自信。故选D项。]B(2020·运城联考)Inthepastthreeyears,accordingtoastudy,thenumberofpeoplewhostudyparttimeinEnglandhasdecreasedby42%—theequivalent(等同的)of106,000fewerstudents.Almosthalfamillionstudentswerestudyingparttimeinthepastthreeyears,withmostofthemworkingatthesametimeandstudyingvocationalsubjects,accordingtoUniversitiesUK(UUK),whichconductedtheresearch.Thereport,whichwasrequestedbyministers,said,“Thereseemstobemanyfactorsresponsible\nforit:thecurrenteconomicclimatelimitingemployersupportforfurtherstudyandputtingpressureonhouseholdbudgets,changingpathwaystohighereducationandthecurrentchangestothefundingsysteminEnglandandassociatedincreaseintuitionfees.Factorssuchastheriseofapprenticeships(学徒制)，increaseinprivateproviders(whetherforprofitornotforprofit),andashifttoonlinelearningalsohaveanimpact.”ProfessorSirEricThomas,chairmanofthereviewandvicepresidentofBristolUniversity,said,“TherealityisthattheUKneedsmoregraduatesandreliesheavilyonparttimehighereducationtomeetthesefastchangingskillneedsinafastchangingworld.Weignoreparttimestudy'stransformativepowerforindividualsandsociety.WhileparttimestudentsareagreatsuccessstoryfortheUK,somethingisgoingwrong.InEnglandinparticular,numbersarereducinganddonotlooklikerecovering.Thesituationishighlycomplex.Thisreviewisthebeginningofaprocessofuniversitiesworkingtogetherandwithpartnerstotakestepsindealingwiththisissue.Wecannotandmustnotgiveuponthesestudents.”RachelWenstone,vicepresidentforhighereducationattheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS),said,“NUSwelcomesthisreportandwearepleasedthatthisissueisgettingtheattentionitdeserves.Itisincrediblydishearteningtoseethenumberofparttimestudentsdecreasing.Thesectortookresponsibilityinanalyzingtheissuesfacingparttimestudentsandit'snowtimeforthesectortotakeresponsibilityfordealingwiththeproblems.”Theuniversity'sminister,DavidWilletts,said,Parttimestudybringsenormousbenefitstoindividuals,theeconomyandemployers.Tuitionfeeloansarenowavailabletonewparttimestudents.Wewillalsochangetheruleswhichstoppeoplefromgettingfinancialsupporttolearnnewskillsinengineering,technologyandcomputerscienceparttime.Thiswillmakesurethatthenationhastheskillsweneedtokeepourbusinessesaheadintheglobalrace.Institutionsmustalsoplaytheirparttoencouragemoreparttimestudybyemphasizingthebenefitstofuturestudents.Iamcallingonalluniversitiestomakesurethatparttimeoptionsarehighlyvisibleonwebsitesanddetailedinformationaboutthecoursesisalsouptodate.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。有调查表明，在英国，由于各种原因，越来越多的职员不再选择参加继续教育，而这种现象对英国的发展极为不利。5．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforthedeclineofthenumberof\nparttimestudentsintheUK?A．Thetuitionfeeshavebeenincreased.B．ManypeoplechoosetolearnontheInternet.C．Peoplearetoobusywiththeirworkanddailylives.D．Familiesareshortofmoneytolettheirmembersstudyfurther.C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段的后半部分“thecurrenteconomicclimatelimitingemployersupportforfurtherstudyandputtingpressureonhouseholdbudgets,changingpathwaystohighereducationandthecurrentchangestothefundingsysteminEnglandandassociatedincreaseintuitionfees...ashifttoonlinelearningalsohaveanimpact”可知，让边工作边上学的人数减少的原因有经济的影响，家庭预算，教育途径，学费的增加等。C项人们忙于日常工作和生活不属于以上提的原因，故选C项。]6．WhatdoesEricThomasreallywanttoexpressinParagraph2?A．ParttimehighereducationisveryimportantintheUK.B．MoregraduatesintheUKhavetoimprovetheirskills.C．ParttimestudentshavebeenverysuccessfulintheUK.D．UniversitiesintheUKplayakeyroleinattractingparttimestudents.A [主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的“TherealityisthattheUKneedsmoregraduatesandreliesheavilyonparttimehighereducationtomeetthesefastchangingskillneedsinafastchangingworld.”可知，高等兼职教育对于英国来说很重要。故选A项。]7．HowdoesWenstonefeelaboutthepresentparttimestudyintheUK?A．Puzzled. B．Satisfied.C．Optimistic.D．Discouraged.D [推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Itisincrediblydishearteningtoseethenumberofparttimestudentsdecreasing.”可推测Wenstone觉得这种现象是令人灰心失望的。故选D项。]8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheUKseesthedeclineofitsparttimestudentsB．ParttimestudentsreceivemoreattentionnowadaysC．TheUKcomesupwithwaystoattractmoreparttimestudentsD．ThedeclineofparttimestudentshaseffectsontheUKA [主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的“Inthepastthreeyears,accordingtoastudy,thenumberofpeoplewhostudyparttimeinEnglandhasdecreasedby42%—theequivalent(等同的)of106,000fewer\nstudents.”可知，本文先讲述英国职场当今边工作边读书的人越来越少的现象，然后分析了产生这种现象的原因，再通过几个人的评论表述这种现象令人担心，需要做出改变。故选A项。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·枣庄模拟)There'sbeenincreasedattentiononthisinrecentweeks,withtheunsettlingspreadofthecoronavirusaroundtheworld.WhenavideoofNaomiCampbellcleaningherairplaneseatandwearingamaskandgloveswassharedonlinelastyear,itmadetheroundsbecauseherbehaviorseemedexaggerated.“ 1 Andweknowthatgermscanliveonsurfacesforalongtime,soitdoesn'thurttocleanit，”saidAaronMilstone,anepidemiologistattheJohnsHopkinsHospital.Herearesometipsforcleaningyourareaofaplaneandkeepinghealthyonaflight.Keepyourhandscleanandstoptouchingyourface“Wipingdownsurfacesonaplanewon'thurt,aslongasitdoesn'tgiveyouafalsesenseofsecurity，”AndrewMehle,associateprofessorofmedicalmicrobiologysaid,stressingthatcleaningyourspaceonaplaneshouldbedoneinconjunctionwithwashinghandsandfollowingotherbestpractices.Goodhabitsarenoteasilyformed. 2 Doingsoaftertouchingasurfacewheredropletsfromwhensomeonesneezedorcoughedcanleadtothevirusbeingpassedon. 3 AstudyfromEmoryUniversityfoundthatduringfluseason,thesafestplacetositonaplaneisbyawindow.Researchersstudiedpassengersandcrewmemberson10threetofivehourflightsandobservedthatpeoplesittinginwindowseatshadlesscontactwithpotentiallysickpeople.DisinfecthardsurfacesWhenyougettoyourseatandyourhandsareclean,usedisinfectingwipestocleanthehardsurfacesatyourseatliketheheadandarmrest,theseatbeltbuckle(带扣),theremote,screen,seatbackpocketandthetraytable.Iftheseatishardandnonporous(无孔的)orleather,youcanwipethatdowntoo. 4 Inaddition,payattentiontoyourdisinfectingwipes,whichwouldtypicallysayonthepackaginghowlongasurfaceneedstostaywetinorderforthemtowork. 5 Inorderforthewipestowork,youneedtofollowthosetimerequirements.A．Chooseawindowseat.B．Awindowseatisthebestoption.C．Theairplaneandairplaneseatisapublicspace.D．Goodhabitsareessentialinthisparticulartime.E．Thattimecanrangefrom30secondstoafewminutes.\nF．Mostpeopletendtotouchtheirfacesmoreoftenthantheyrealize.G．However,usingwipesoncushionscouldleadtoawetseatandspreadingofgerms.【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠疫情的蔓延下，坐飞机时保护自己的方法。1．C [结合后文“Andweknowthatgermscanliveonsurfacesforalongtime,soitdoesn'thurttocleanit”可知，我们都知道细菌可以在表面存活很长时间，所以清洁一下也无妨。C项引出后文解释需要清洁的原因是飞机和飞机座位属于公共空间，并且细菌可以存活很长时间。故选C项。]2．F [结合本段小标题Keepyourhandscleanandstoptouchingyourface可知，F项大多数人倾向于比他们意识到的更频繁地触摸他们的脸，符合此处语境。故选F项。]3．A [结合后文“AstudyfromEmoryUniversityfoundthatduringfluseason,thesafestplacetositonaplaneisbyawindow.”可知，本段描述选择靠窗的座位更安全。A项选择靠窗的座位符合本段中心。故选A项。]4．G [结合前文“Iftheseatishardandnonporous(无孔的)orleather,youcanwipethatdowntoo.”如果座椅是硬的，没有孔的，或者是皮革的，你也可以把它擦干净，G项与前文擦拭硬物形成转折，解释在垫子上使用湿巾会导致细菌传播而不是杀灭细菌。故选G项。]5．E [结合前文“Inaddition,payattentiontoyourdisinfectingwipes,whichwouldtypicallysayonthepackaginghowlongasurfaceneedstostaywetinorderforthemtowork.”另外，注意你的消毒湿巾，它通常会在包装上写上一个表面需要保持湿润多长时间才有效，E项时间可以从30秒到几分钟不等，解释前文湿巾发挥作用所需要的具体时间。故选E项。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·青岛二中试题)AlicePangfromHongKongalwayslikeddressingwellandlookingelegant,butnever1.________(actual)consideredacareer(职业)inmodelling.Buthergranddaughteralwaysthoughtshehadagift2.________it,sowhenshesawanonlineadforseniormodelsover65,shesentinAlice'spicturesandshewasselectedforaphotoshoot.Though3.________(know)nothingaboutmodelling,AlicePanghadallthenaturalqualitiesandsucceeded.Today,she4.________(recognize)asoneofthebestseniormodelsinAsia,aswellastheoldest.“WhatIwasworriedaboutwas5.________Ididnothavetheslightestideaofhowtomodel.Butmymanagertaughtmealotandthosegirlshelpedmewithmymakeup.\nIgraduallydevelopedaninterestinmodellingandgot6.________(good)atit，”Alicesaidinaninterview.“Ientered7.________industrywhenIwas93andthisismythirdyearworkingasamodel，”sheadded.Whilemostpeoplepraiseherforher8.________(act)lifestyleandthecouragetostartawholenewcareerinhernineties,AlicePangisnotwithouthercritics(批评).Shechooses9.________(ignore)them,though,sayingthatherpersonal10.________(happy)isallthatcounts.【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。来自香港的AlicePang的孙女看到网络上有公司招聘65岁以上的高龄模特，就发了奶奶的照片给招聘公司，结果奶奶被选上了。如今，她已经成为亚洲公认的最资深和最高龄的模特之一。她成了“活到老，学到老”的榜样。1．actually [考查副词。本空后面有动词considered，因此应用副词修饰动词，故填actually。]2．for [考查介词。haveagiftfor是固定短语，表示“有……的天赋”，故填for。]3．knowing [考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，know这个动作是由AlicePang发出，故这里应用现在分词，故填knowing。]4．isrecognized/hasbeenrecognized [考查被动语态。句意：如今，她已经成为亚洲公认的最资深和最高龄的模特之一。此处句子缺少谓语动词，主语she和recognize之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，又结合语境判断为现在完成时或一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，故填isrecognized/hasbeenrecognized。]5．that [考查表语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知“Ididnothavetheslightestideaofhowtomodel”是表语从句，该句意思完整，故用连接词that引导，故填that。]6．better [考查形容词的比较级。句意：我逐渐对当模特产生了兴趣，并做得越来越好了。此处应填形容词作got的表语，又结合句意可知，此处应填形容词比较级，故填better。]7．the [考查冠词。句意：我93岁进入模特这一行。根据句意可知，这里填定冠词the，特指“模特这一行”，故填the。]8．active [考查形容词。句意：虽然大多数人都称赞她90多岁时积极的生活方式和开创全新事业的勇气，但她也不乏批评者。此处应填形容词修饰名词lifestyle，故填active。]9．toignore [考查不定式。句意：对此(指批评的声音)她都选择不予理睬。choosetodosth.表示“选择做某事”，故填toignore。]10．happiness [考查名词。句意：她说自己开心是最重要的。此处应填名词作句子主语，故填happiness。]\nⅣ.短文改错(2020·兰州联考)Theotherday,wemovetothenewschoolyard,whereliesinthefarnorthofthecity.Wewereallonhighspirits.Theclassroomsarebrightandclean.Wehavealargeamountofmodernequipment,makingconvenientforusstudentstolearneverysubject.Nowwecanhaveplentyofafterclassactivityonthenewplayground.Ourteachersoftenplaybasketballandsoccertogetherwiththem.Asspringapproaches,theflowersnewlyplantingintheyardhavejustbeencomeout.Withsomanygreentreesandfragranceflowersaround,wefeelitlesshardtostudyandourschoollifelessenjoyable.[答案] Theotherday,wetothenewschoolyard,liesinthefarnorthofthecity.Wewereallhighspirits.Theclassroomsarebrightandclean.Wehavealargeamountofmodernequipment,makingconvenientforusstudentstolearneverysubject.Nowwecanhaveplentyofafterclassonthenewplayground.Ourteachersoftenplaybasketballandsoccertogetherwith.Asspringapproaches,theflowersnewlyintheyardhavejustcomeout.Withsomanygreentreesandflowersaround,wefeelitlesshardtostudyandourschoollifeenjoyable.
