课时提能练(三十九)选修8 Unit4 PygmalionA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Whenitcomestothemost1．horrible(horror)thingI'veencountered,Ihavetomentionthe2．robbery(rob)inCapeTown,capitalcityofSouthAfrica.Iwaswalkingtomyapartmentafterworkwhenamanstoppedme.Heaimedagunatmeandorderedmetokneeldown.Iknewamomentof3．hesitation(hesitate)mightcostmemylife.Hetookawaymyvaluablepossessions.ThoughIfeltscaredand4．uncomfortable(comfortable),Iwasnothurt,whichwas5．fortunate(fortune)enough.CapeTownbelongstothehighcrimerate6．classification(classify).Sostayawayfromitifyouarenotcapableofmakingaquick7．adaptation(adapt)ordealingwithanemergency8．properly(proper)．B(考查动词)When9．remarking(remark)onthecityofAcapulco,itssecuritywillnever10．beoverlooked(overlook)byanyone.Acapulco11．isclassified(classify)asoneofthetoptendangerouscitiesintheworld.Whenyouseesomeonewanderingtowardsyou12．whistling(whistle),itmakessensenot13．tohesitate(hesitate)tostayawayfromhim.Otherwise,youwouldbemostlikely14．toberobbed(rob).Don'ttrytofightback;hemay15．betray(betray)hisoriginalintentionofnothurtingyou.Itisnouse16．condemning(condemn)theviolenceunlessthegovernmenttakesactiontomakeitspeoplewealthy.Onlywhenpoverty17．fades(fade)awaycanthecityberemovedfromtherankinglist.C(考查句型)What18．ifyouwerelostinthedarkforestatnight?Youshouldn'tbothertryingtofindyourwayinthedarkatall,whichis19．ofnohelptoyou.Juststaywhereyouareuntildawn.Whenthesunrises,you'llhaveanideaofdirection.Once20．trapped(trap)inaforest,don'tpanic.Justtrytothinkofnice,happythings.Ifthere21．were(be)nosun,moonorstarsasafixedguideandyoudidn'thaveotherwaystofindthedirection,youwouldhavetopickaspotonthehorizonandjustheadforit.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有6处错误)Perryusedtobeaclerk,earningasalaryof$1，500amonth.Itwasnotfortune\nbutwouldhelptocoverhishouseholdexpenses.Threeyearsbefore,hequithisjobandsetuphisowncompany,fullyconvincingofhiscompetenceforbusinessoperation.InitialsuccessescausedPerrytotakehimselfonafinancialgenius.Hebecamehotheadedandbegantoexpandinvestmentcrazily,onlytoendupwithatotallyfailure.Perryisnowillinbed,stillwasunabletobelievewhathashappenedtohim.【答案】 Perryusedtobeaclerk,earningasalaryof$1，500amonth.Itwasnotfortunebutwouldhelptocoverhishouseholdexpenses.Threeyears，hequithisjobandsetuphisowncompany,fullyofhiscompetenceforbusinessoperation.InitialsuccessescausedPerrytotakehimselfafinancialgenius.Hebecamehotheadedandbegantoexpandinvestmentcrazily,onlytoendupwithafailure.Perryisnowillinbed,stillunabletobelievewhathashappenedtohim.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．如果有疑问请不要犹豫，联系我。Pleasedonothesitatetocontactmeifyouhaveanyquestion.2．现在越来越多的人意识到法制教育极为重要。Todayanincreasingnumberofpeoplehaverealizedthatlegaleducationisofgreatimportance．3．每次他来看我，都会给我买一些书。Everytime/Eachtimehecomestovisitme，hewillbuymesomebooks.4．无论你决定何时去，我都会陪你。Whenever/Nomatterwhenyoudecidetogo，Iwillkeepyoucompany.5．讨论了几次这个计划之后，我们决定将其付诸行动。Havingdiscussedtheplanseveraltimes，wedecidedtocarryitout.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解(2020·深圳市普通高中第二次测试)Pinocchiomaybejustacharacterinachildren'sfairytale，butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthesocalled“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrow\nwhenwetellalie，butactuallyshrinkabit.Dr.GómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermography(温度记录法)totellifpeoplewerelying，andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful，thetemperatureofthetipoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃，whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Scientistsalsofoundthatthetemperaturedropactuallycausedthenosetoslightlyshrink，althoughthedifferenceisundetectedbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie，whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead，”Dr.GómezMilánexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious，whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”Forthisstudy，researchersasked60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhiletheirtemperatureisscannedbythermalimaging(热成像)technology.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedmakinga3to4minutescalltotheirparentsorafriendandtellingasignificantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall.Interestingly，thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentofthetestsubjects，whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetector.“Withthismethodwehaveachievedtheincreaseofaccuracy，”saidDr.GómezMilán，whoaddedthatlawenforcementagenciescouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologieswiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了GómezMilán博士和他的团队开展的一项测谎仪测试，该测试使用温度记录法来判断人们是否在说谎，他们发现在测试过程中只要参与者说谎，他们鼻尖的温度会下降高达1.2℃，而他们的前额的温度会上升高达1.5℃。1．WhydoesthewritertalkaboutPinocchiointhefirstparagraph?A．Totellafairytale.B．Togiveanexample.C．Totalkaboutascientist.D．Tointroducethetopic.D [推理判断题。文章开头提到皮诺曹或许只不过是童话里的一个角色，接着用but转折，谈到西班牙格拉纳达大学的科学家最近对所谓的“皮诺曹效应”进行的调查及其结果。由此可推知，作者在第一段谈到皮诺曹是为了引出本文的话题。故选D。]2．Whatisthe“Pinocchioeffect”？A．Ournoseswillgrowwhenwetellalie.B．Ournoseswillshrinkwhenwetellalie.\nC．Thetemperatureoftheforeheadfallsifwelie.D．Thetemperatureofthenoserisesforanxiety.A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthesocalled‘Pinocchioeffect’andfoundthatournosesdon'tgrowwhenwetellalie，butactuallyshrinkabit”可知，所谓的“皮诺曹效应”就是当我们撒谎时，我们的鼻子会变长。故选A。]3．HowdidDr.GómezMilánfeelabouttheliedetector?A．Doubtful. B．Surprised.C．Confident.D．Puzzled.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，GómezMilán博士认为通过这种方法，他们已经达到了提高准确性的目标，他还认为有朝一日执法机关可以将其他测谎技术与热成像结合起来，以取得更好的效果。由此可推知，GómezMilán博士对这款测谎仪很自信。故选C。]4．Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext?A．Aliewilltravelveryhard.B．Therearemanywaystobringaliartolight.C．Alieneverlivestobeold.D．Oncealiar，alwaysaliar.B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“whoaddedthatlawenforcementagenciescouldonedaycombineotherliedetectiontechnologieswiththermalimagingtoachievebetterresults”可知，有朝一日执法机关可以将其他测谎技术与热成像结合起来，由此可推知，让说谎者暴露的方法有很多。故选B。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·合肥市第二次教学质量检测)Willtherebeanoutbreakofbirdfluthatthreatenshumans?Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur，butdosaythereisachancethattheviruscouldmutate(变异)，leadingtowidespreadinfection.1Here'swhatyouneedtoknowtohelpkeepyourselfhealthy.Stockuponfood，waterandhouseholdsupplies.Ifthereisabirdflupandemic，you'llwanttominimizeyourchanceofcatchingitbystayingindoors；youmightevenberequiredtostayhomeifthegovernmentasksthatpeopleremaininquarantine(隔离期)．You'dbetterstockuptodayonatleast2weekworthofessentialssuchaswater，food，emergencyandmedicalsupplies.2Haveanoutbreakplan.Itmayfeeloddoruncomfortabletotalktofamilymembersandlovedonesabouttheworstcasepandemicscenario.Butifthatscenario\nstrikes，you'llallbemuchbetteroffifyouhaveaplandecidedonandready.3Figureouthowyouwouldcareforthemandwhatyourfirstresponseandresponsibilitieswouldbe；thisisanespeciallyimportantconversationwiththosewithspecialcareneeds.4Thingslikekeepingabalanceddiet，exercisingregularlyandgettingsufficientrestcanhelpkeepyouhealthyinanoutbreakandalsokeepyoufromcatchingthecommoncold.Particularlyinafluoutbreaksituation，itwillbeimportanttowashyourhandswithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds.Bediligentaboutcoveringcoughsandsneezeswithtissues.Moreover，knowyouressentialhealthinformationsuchasyourbloodtype，allergies，andpastorcurrentmedicalconditions.Makealistofthatessentialinformationforallthemembersofyourfamily.5Anddomakesureeveryoneinyourhouseholdknowswheretofindit.A．Workoutregularlytostayslim.B．Pickupthehabitsofhealthybehavior.C．Itiswisetokeepitsomewheresafeandvisible.D．It'simportanttoaskyourselfthesequestionsbeforeapandemicoccurs.E．Talkwithyourfriendsandfamilyabouthowyou'drespondtoanepidemic.F．Inthatcase，thebestthingyoucandorightnowistoprepareforthatpossibility.G．Thatwillhelpyougetthroughanextendedtimeathomeifanoutbreakhappens.【语篇解读】 本文介绍了在大流行病前保持自我健康的方法。1．F [F项中的“thatpossibility”和空前的“achance”相呼应，分析语境可知，F项在此处起到了承上启下的过渡作用，所以选F项。]2．G [本空是段尾句，有总结之意。此外，G选项中的“That”和空前一句“You'dbetterstockuptodayonatleast2weekworthofessentialssuchaswater，food，emergencyandmedicalsupplies”相衔接，且G选项中的“anextendedtimeathome”与上文中的“peopleremaininquarantine(隔离期)”相呼应，所以选G项。]3．E [根据“Itmayfeel...decidedonandready”及“Figureout...wouldbe”可知，空处陈述的应是你和家人讨论的内容，E选项符合语境。]4．B [本空是段首句。根据对本段的整体理解可知，本段主要陈述的是健康的行为习惯的具体方面，与选项B内容呼应，所以选B项。]5．C [空后一句中的“wheretofindit”与C选项中的“keepitsomewheresafeand\nvisible”相呼应，故空处应是建议把必要信息单独放在安全且家人都能看到的地方，所以选C项。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·长春市普通高中质量监测二)Schoolworkcanbestressfulsometimes，especiallyinthefinalyearofhighschool，whichcanaffectourhealth.Therefore，findingagoodwaytodeal1．________pressureisimportant.Ijustdiscoveredmynewfavoritemethod:trampolining(蹦床运动)!Thedooropensandyouareamazed2．________(see)peoplejumpingandflyingaroundlikesuperheroes.Thetrampolineparkisfullof3．________(colour)trampolines.Forbeginners，itisthebestareatostart.Itwasalittlebit4．________(frighten)atthebeginning，aswecouldhardlywalkonthetrampolines.5．________whenIstartedtojump，Ifeltallthestressleavemybody.Afterjumpingforawhile，I6．________(lie)downandclosedmyeyes，imaginingIhadbecomeabirdthatcouldtouchthesky.Thereweresomeotherbouncing(弹跳)7．________(activity)．Myfavoriteonewasthebasketballdunking(扣篮)area，8．________includedabasketballhoopaboverunwaytrampolines.Withthepowerofbouncing，Icoulddunklike9．________NBAsuperstar.Itwasnotonlyrelaxing，butalsofun!Whileoutdooractivities10．________(large)dependontheweather，indoortrampolineparksarereallygoodplacestogowheneveryouwanttohaveagoodtime.【语篇解读】 高三学习压力大，作者发现用蹦床运动来减压是一个好方法。本文主要讲述了作者进行蹦床运动的经历及感受。1．with [考查固定搭配。dealwith为固定搭配，表示“处理，应付”。该处表示“找到一个好方法去应付压力”，故填with。]2．tosee [考查动词不定式。句意：门开了，你惊奇地看到人们像超级英雄一样四处跳着、飞着。此处考查“形容词＋不定式”结构作表语。]3．colourful [考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词“trampolines”，表示“五彩缤纷的蹦床”，故用形容词colourful。]4．frightening [考查形容词。该句中的It指的是蹦床运动，结合be动词was可知，空处应用形容词frightening修饰物，表示“令人恐惧的”。]5．But [考查连词。空处上文说一开始蹦床运动是令人恐惧的，因为我们几乎不能在蹦床上行走；空处下文说，当“我”开始跳时，“我”感到所有压力都离开了“我”的身体；根据句意可知，空处表转折，故用连词But。]6．lay [考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“closed”可知，\n此处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。]7．activities [考查名词的单复数。此处activity“活动”为可数名词，根据该句中的“Thereweresome”可知，该处应用名词的复数形式。]8．which [考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为thebasketballdunking(扣篮)area，表物，故用which引导该定语从句。]9．an [考查冠词。该处泛指“一位NBA明星”，应用不定冠词，又因NBA的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。]10．largely [考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词短语dependon“受……的影响”，作状语，应用副词形式。此处表示“户外活动主要受天气影响”。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·开封市高三模拟)Theotherday，IwasasusuallywalkingTobywhensuddenlythedogranuptothelittleboy.Itkeptjumpup，tryingtogetabiteofthehamburgertheboyholding.IthappenssofastthatallIcoulddowasshout，“Stop，Toby！”Butitwastoolater.Tobyhadtakenabiteoftheboy'shamburger.Ifeltveryguilty.ItwasmyfaultwhichTobywasn'tundercontrol.SoIapologizedsincerelytothefrighteningboyandhisangrymother.ThroughthisincidentIrealizedthatIhadtotrainhisdogtobehaveinitself.【答案】 Theotherday，IwasaswalkingTobywhensuddenlythedogranuptolittleboy.Itkeptup，tryingtogetabiteofthehamburgertheboyholding.ItsofastthatallIcoulddowasshout，“Stop，Toby！”Butitwastoo.Tobyhadtakenabiteoftheboy'shamburger.Ifeltveryguilty.ItwasmyfaultTobywasn'tundercontrol.SoIapologizedsincerelytotheboyandhisangrymother.ThroughthisincidentIrealizedthatIhadtotraindogtobehaveitself.
