课时提能练(三十九)选修7 Unit20 NewFrontiers(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·黄冈市质量检测)Oneofthethingsthatmakesyoursmartphonesosmartisthatifyoupullitoutinthesun，itsensesthatandadjuststhescreenbrightnesstocompensate.Butit'snotaperfectsolution.“Firstofall，it'sstillnotbrightenough—youhavetorememberhowrespectablesunlightis，”saidShinTsonWu，aphysicistattheUniversityofCentralFlorida.Theotherproblem，hesaysofthebrightenedscreen，isthatitkillsthebattery.SoWuandhiscolleagueshaveproducedabatterysparingalternative:anantireflectivescreencoating，basedontheeyesofmoths.“Natureissorich!Wecanlearnalotfromnature.”ThethingWuandothershavelearnedaboutmoths'eyes，isthatthey'reuneven，dottedwithtinyprojections.Thatunevensurfacereducesthereflectionoflightofftheireyes，thoughttohelpthebugsescapepredators(捕食动物)，andseebetterinlowlight.SoWuandhisteambuiltasimilarsurfacewithtinydimples(小凹)，tocutdownonglare.Hesaysthecoatingcouldimprovethereadabilityofascreenbyfivetotentimes，comparedtoanormalsmartphonescreen.ThedetailsareinthejournalOptica.Thetechnologyhasn'tbeencommercializedyet，andthatcouldtakeafewyears，whichgivesresearcherstimetotakeadvantageofanotherpropertyofthesesurfaces—they'reflexible，meaningthepossibilityofbendabledisplays.Combiningthatwiththebendybatterieswereportedoninarecentpodcast(播客)，thesmartphonesofthefuturecouldbesetforarealtransformation.【语篇解读】 研究人员从飞蛾的眼睛构造中得到启示，研制了抗反射手机屏涂层。这种涂层可以改善屏幕的清晰可辨性，从而减少增亮屏幕时手机电池的使用。1．Whydotheresearchersdeveloptheantireflectivescreencoating?A．Tobrightenthescreen.B．Tomakeprofits.C．Tousesmartphonesinthesunlight.D．Tosavetheuseofbattery.D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theotherproblem，hesaysofthebrightenedscreen，isthatitkillsthebattery.SoWuandhiscolleagueshaveproducedabatterysparingalternative：anantireflectivescreen\ncoating”可知，研究人员研制抗反射手机屏涂层是为了减少手机电池的使用。]2．Whatinspiredtheinventionofthescreencoating?A．Thepredators.B．Thereflectionoflight.C．Theeyesofmoths.D．Thesmoothsurface.C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“anantireflectivescreencoating，basedontheeyesofmoths”并结合该段其他内容可知，飞蛾的眼睛启发研究人员研制了防反射屏幕涂层。]3．Howdoesthescreencoatingwork?A．Ithelpsbugsescape.B．Itslowsdownreading.C．Thesmoothsurfaceprotectsoureyes.D．Theroughsurfacedecreasesthereflectionoflight.D [细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第四句中的“Thatunevensurfacereducesthereflectionoflightofftheireyes”以及倒数第三句中的“SoWuandhisteambuiltasimilarsurface”可知，这种屏幕涂层通过其不平的表面来减少光的反射。]4．Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthescreen?A．It'lltransformitself.B．It'llbeenvironmentallyfriendly.C．It'llreachconsumerssoon.D．It'llbepoweredbyrecyclablebatteries.A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“they'reflexible，meaningthepossibilityofbendabledisplays”可知，研究人员期望这款屏幕能够变形。]B(2020·武汉市部分学校质量监测)TheNotreDamefirehasbeenputout，butitsspire(塔尖)andalargeportionofitswoodenroofhavebeendamaged.Theterribledestructioncausesasuddensharppaintopeoplearoundtheworld.OnChinesesocialmedianetworkWeChatacommoncommentonthedisasteris：“Whatapitythatwecannotseethedamagedpartsofthewonderanymore.”Butthegoodnewsisthatthereisatleastonewayofseeingthem，namelyviaavideogamecalledAssassin'sCreedUnity.Inthisgame，theplayercantraveltoonecityafteranotherandenterthebuildingsexactlylikewhattheyareinthereality，andseeNotreDameasitwasbeforethefire.Further，withvirtualreality\ntechnology，whichisalreadyquitemature，onecanevenlookaroundtheundamagedNotreDameasifitwerestillthere.Maybedigitaltechnologycouldhelptobetterprotectarchitecturalculturalheritage.Theideaofdigitizingancientbuildings，makingdigitalmodelsofthemsotheirdatacanbesaved，datesbacktothe1990sandthenecessarytechnologyhascontinuedtoadvancesincethen.Byscanningtheancientbuildingswithlasers，building3Dmodelswithmultipleimages，aswellasmeasuringeverythingprecisely，engineerscanmakeacopyasaccurateastherealone.Ascomputersandsmartphonesarehugelypopular，thedigitalreplica(复制品)hasgreatusevalue.First，itallowstouriststofeeltheculturalrelicswithouttouchingthem，whichhelpsprotectthem.ThevirtualtourofDunhuangGrottoesinGansuProvinceisagoodexampleofthisastouristscanviewthepaintingswithoutstandingnearthem.Furthermore，itcanmakethedigitizedculturalrelicsmorefamousbyspreadingawarenessaboutthemviatheInternet.In2000，avirtualtouroftheGreatWallbecameverypopularattheHannoverWorldExpo，whichincreasedthenumberofforeigntouristsvisitingthesiteinthefollowingyears.Aboveall，itpreservesalltheinformationoftheculturalrelics.Eveniftheoriginalonesaredamagedoneday，peoplecanstillknowwhattheywerelikeandcanbuildreplicasifdesired.Ofcourse，howeverpreciseamodelis，itisnottheoriginal.Timeisthebiggestthreattoacountry'sarchitecturalheritage，whichwillalwaysbecomeruinswiththepassingoftime.Maybewewillhavebettertechnologiesinthefuture，butthedigitaltechnologyoffersapracticalwaytopreservearchitecturalculturalheritageatthemoment.【语篇解读】 巴黎圣母院的大火让人们再也无法看到其中被损坏的部分，但是利用数字技术，可以让其原貌重现。人们利用数字化复制品，在不触碰到实物的情况下，可以让文化遗产栩栩如生地展现在眼前，并且数字化复制品可以保存文化遗产的所有信息，对认识和保护文化遗产有着非凡的意义。5．WhatcanweseeaboutNotreDameinthegame?A．Thedamagedparts. B．Itswoodenshape.C．Itsoriginallook. D．Thebigfire.C [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Inthisgame，theplayercan...seeNotreDameasitwasbeforethe\nfire”可知，在这个游戏中，我们可以看到火灾前的巴黎圣母院原貌，故C项正确。]6．Whatwillengineersdotocreatedigitalreplicasoftheancientbuildings?A．Improvethetechnologyneeded.B．Scanthephotosofthebuildings.C．Build3Dmodelsoffullsize.D．Measureallthepartsexactly.D [细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“Byscanningtheancientbuildingswithlasers,building3Dmodelswithmultipleimages，aswellasmeasuringeverythingprecisely，engineerscanmakeacopyasaccurateastherealone”可知，为了制作数字化复制品，工程师需要精确地测量每一部分，故D项正确。]7．Howdoestheauthorprovethedigitalcopyhasvitalpracticalimportance?A．Bycomparison. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byclassification. D．Bylistingdata.B [写作手法题。通读第四段可知，该段列举了敦煌石窟利用数字化复制品让游客在不接触实物的情况下体验文化遗产；列举了利用数字化复制品制作长城虚拟游并在网上推广，让世界上更多的人了解长城，吸引了更多的游客。据此可知，作者使用了“举例”的方法证明了数字化复制品的重要实用性。]8．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheapplicationofdigitaltechnology?A．Doubtful. B．Neutral.C．Supportive. D．Conservative.C [观点态度题。根据本文尾句“Maybewewillhavebettertechnologiesinthefuture,butthedigitaltechnologyoffersapracticalwaytopreserve architecturalculturalheritageatthemoment”可知，作者认为当下的数字技术为保护建筑文化遗产提供了一个实用的方法。据此可推知，作者支持数字技术的应用，故C项正确。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·江西省五校协作体联考)BrookeOchoawasgoingtoenterarestaurantforlunchwhenshesawanelderlyladyapproaching.The30yearoldwoman__1__tokeepthedooropenforher.Shethoughtshewasjustdoingsomething___2__.Shedidn'tknow，however，thataremark(评论)thattheladywouldmakeafewsecondslaterwould__3__achainofeventsthatwouldcausehertogetcountlesslikesonherpostand__4__onsocialmediasuddenly.AsBrookeenteredtherestaurant，she__5__theelderlyladyaskingfor“atableforone”．Thenshedecidedtodoonemoreactof__6__.Brooke\nwalkeduptothelady's__7__andasked，“Ialso__8__alone，wouldyouliketohavelunchtogether？”Thelady，namedDolores，notonlyacceptedBrooke's__9__，butshewasverypleasedtohave__10__.Thetwo__11__upaninstantfriendshipduringtheirmeal.DolorestoldBrookethatshe'dbeenhavinga__12__time.“Shespentthelastdecadelivingwithhermom，whorecentlypassedaway，”Brookewroteinalaterpostabouttheencounter.“Shejustkeptsmilingandsaying‘thankyouforlisteningtome’，whichmademe__13__too！”BrookeandDoloresenjoyedtheirconversationsomuchthatthey__14__tohavelunchwitheachothereveryThursdayfromthatpointon.Inalater__15__，notlongaftertheirfirstmeeting，Brooke__16__thatDoloreshadpassedaway.Ifnothingelse，thischance__17__isevidencethatthesmallest__18__ofgoodwillcanquiteexactlychangealife.NeitherofthetwowomenknewthatDolores'sdaysonearthwereso__19__，buttheyfound__20__ineachother，andthat'swhatmatters.【语篇解读】 BrookeOchoa去餐馆吃饭时偶遇了一位老妇人，她为这位老妇人开门，又在得知老妇人自己一个人吃饭后邀请其一起共进午餐，两人由此建立了友谊，并约定每周四共进午餐；但在她们第一次见面后不久，那位老妇人就去世了。这段友谊虽然很短暂，但是她们在彼此身上找到了安慰。1．A.hesitated B．waited C．competed D．pretendedB [根据空后的“keepthedooropenforher”和下文Brooke因为这个行为获赞可知，Brooke在那等着为那位老妇人开门。]2．A.polite B．honest C．wise D．foolishA [根据上文内容并结合常识可知，等着为别人开门是一种礼貌的行为。]3．A.ignoreB．report C．remove D．produceD [与该句中的“cause”呼应，并结合空后的“achainofevents”可知，此处表示几秒后那位老妇人的评论会引起(produce)一连串的事件。]4．A.takeoff B．setoff C．leaveoff D．cutoffA [与句中的“getcountlesslikes”呼应可知，此处表示Brooke因为无数点赞而在社交媒体上开始走红。takeoff“开始走红”。]5．A.realized B．felt \nC．insisted D．overheardD [根据语境可知，当Brooke走进餐馆，她无意中听到那位老妇人正在要一张单人桌。overhear“无意中听到，偶然听到”。]6．A.weakness B．kindness C．friendship D．encouragementB [根据上文可知，Brooke为老妇人开门是一种礼貌的行为；当她无意中听到那位老妇人想要一张单人桌时，她决定再多做一个善举。]7．A.car B．counter C．door D．tableD [根据上文中的“table”可知，Brooke走到老妇人的餐桌旁邀请她一起共进午餐。]8．A.struggle B．defend C．eat D．postC [根据空后的“wouldyouliketohavelunchtogether”可知，Brooke也是一个人来餐馆吃饭的。]9．A.bow B．care C．effort D．offerD [根据上文中的“wouldyouliketohavelunchtogether”可知，这是Brooke的提议(offer)。]10．A.company B．friction C．adjustment D．permissionA [与上文中的“atableforone”“alone”形成对比可知，老妇人不仅接受了Brooke的提议，而且也乐意吃饭有个伴儿。company“陪伴”。]11．A.turnedB．built C．threw D．putB [根据语境可知，两个陌生人在就餐过程中迅速建立了友谊。]12．A.pleasant B．short C．tough D．luckyC [根据下一句中的“Shespentthelastdecadelivingwithhermom，whorecentlypassedaway”可推知，老妇人当时正在过着艰难的日子。tough意为“艰难的”。]13．A.sob B．panic C．listen D．smileD [根据本句中的“Shejustkeptsmiling”和“too”可知，老妇人感染了Brooke，Brooke也面带微笑。]14．A.seemed B．refused \nC．agreed D．remainedC [根据该句中的“BrookeandDoloresenjoyedtheirconversationsomuch”可知，Brooke和Dolores聊得很开心，因此两人约定每个星期四都共进午餐。agree意为“商定，约定”。]15．A.updateB．purchase C．absence D．praiseA [与上文“Brookewroteinalaterpostabouttheencounter”呼应可知，此处表示在Brooke和Dolores第一次见面之后不久更新的一篇帖子中，Brooke说Dolores已经去世了。]16．A.approved B．told C．analyzed D．committedB [参见上题解析。]17．A.complaint B．argument C．conversation D．appointmentC [根据上文中的“BrookeandDoloresenjoyedtheirconversationsomuch”可知，此处表示Brooke和Dolores共进午餐时所进行的谈话。]18．A.strengthB．act C．competence D．faultB [与上文中的“Thenshedecidedtodoonemoreactof________.”形成呼应可推知，此处表示善举。]19．A.limitedB．rich C．long D．poorA [根据上文可知，在Brooke和Dolores约定一起共进午餐后不久，Dolores就去世了，故此处表示当时她们都不知道Dolores在世的时间如此有限。]20．A.successB．reality C．comfort D．equalityC [Brooke和Dolores共进午餐时聊得很开心，她们之间建立了友谊，彼此在对方那里找到了安慰。]课时提能练(四十)选修7 Unit20 NewFrontiers(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·黄冈二次摸底)Haveyoueverexperiencedsuchanannoyingthingasittooksolongtoopenawebpage?You'rewatchingstopseveryfewminutes,whichruined\nyourInternetexperience.Butitcouldbeathingofthepast.OnJune3,theMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnologyannouncedthatChinawouldissuelicensesforthecommercializationof5G.Itmeansmajortelecomcarrierswillstarttoprovide5Gservices.The“G”in“5G”referstothegenerationofmobilenetworktechnologies.1Gletustalktoeachother,2Gletussendmessages,3GgaveusmobiledataandtheInternet,and4Gmadeallofthesethingsfaster.Now5Gpromisesmuchfasterdatadownloadanduploadspeeds,andmorestableconnections.ThismeansthatyouwillbeabletodownloadanentireHDmovieinsecondsandonlyexperienceashortdelaybetweensendingandreceivingdata.Forexample,whenyouhaveavideochatwithyourfriend,thereisgenerallya100to200milliseconds(毫秒)delaywith4G,but5Gwillreducethedelayto1millisecondorless,whichisalmostrealtime.Witha5Gnetwork,theshortdelayininformationexchangewillallowdriverlesscarstorunmoresafely,astheywillbeabletocommunicateinrealtimeandavoidpotentialdangers.Meanwhile,5Genabledwearabledeviceswillkeepdoctorsconstantlyupdatedonthehealthstatusoftheirpatientsandwarnthemimmediatelyifthere'ssomethingwrong.Besides,VRgameswillbecomemorepopularwith5G.Theshortdelayof5Gwillmakethegamesfeelevenmorereal.Though5Gwillmakeourlivesmoreconvenient,itwillnotbeperfect.Foronething,5Gwillnot“travel”far.On4networks,youcanbe10kilometersawayfromthenearesttransmission(传输)baseandbarelylosesignal.But5Gwillonlycoverabout300meters,meaningwewillneedmoretransmitterssothatwecangetsignals.Andinordertouse5G,wewillhavetobuynewproductspeciallydesignedfor5Gthatarecurrentlyexpensive.【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文。本文讲述5G时代的到来即将给人们的生活带来的影响。1．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toprovideabackgroundofthetopic.B．Toofferbasicknowledgeofthetopic.C．Touseanexampletosupportthetopic.D．Todrawreaders'attentiontothetopic.D [推理判断题。本题考查写作手法，根据文章第一段“Haveyoueverexperiencedsuchanannoyingthingasittooksolongtoopenawebpage?You'rewatchingstopsevery\nfewminutes”可知，第一段使用打开网页时间长且卡顿的例子来吸引读者并引出主题。故选D项。]2．Accordingtothepassage,whatislikelytohappentoourlifewith5G?A．Doctorscantreatmorepatients.B．Nodriversareneededinthenearfuture.C．Manyadvancedtechnologieswillbefurtherimproved.D．ChildrenwillhateplayingVRgamesintherealworld.C [推理判断题。根据第四段“Witha5Gnetwork,theshortdelayininformationexchangewillallowdriverlesscarstorunmoresafely,astheywillbeabletocommunicateinrealtimeandavoidpotentialdangers.Meanwhile,5Genabledwearabledeviceswillkeepdoctorsconstantlyupdatedonthehealthstatusoftheirpatientsandwarnthemimmediatelyifthere'ssomethingwrong.Besides,VRgameswillbecomemorepopularwith5G.Theshortdelayof5Gwillmakethegamesfeelevenmorereal.”可知，5G使无人汽车更安全；医生更精准获取病人的病情；VR游戏玩起来更逼真。所有这些都得益于5G传输速度的极大提高。由此可推知，5G使许多先进技术得到进一步优化。故选C项。]3．Whatcanbefoundwhen5Giscomparedwith4G?A．4Gcoversmallerareas.B．4Gneedsmoretransmitters.C．5Gsignalscantravelfarther.D．5Gcostshigherinearlystage.D [细节理解题。根据最后一段“Andinordertouse5G,wewillhavetobuynewproductspeciallydesignedfor5Gthatarecurrentlyexpensive.”可知，为了使用5G，目前需要购买价格昂贵的与之配套的新产品。由此可知，早期使用5G的成本要高于4G。故选D项。]4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thedevelopmentof5G.B．Challengesthat5Gwillface.C．Benefitsthatpeoplewillgetfrom5G.D．Thedifferencethat5Gwillmaketoourlives.D [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从一个现象引出对于5G的讨论，介绍了5G的优势和早期存在的缺陷，讲述了5G将给人们生活带来的影响。D项符合文章主要内容。故选D项。]B\n(2020·佛山模拟)TheWallStreetJournalrecentlypublishedanexcellentarticlepennedbyWendyBoundsonahottopichereatMNN:theairpurifyingqualitiesofthecommonhouseplant.Giventhattheairinsideyourhomecanbe2to5timesmorepollutedthantheairoutsideofit,makingitcleanwithplantslikepeacelily(百合花)andasparagusfern(芦笋蕨)isaneconomical,artisticallypleasingalternativetoairpurifiers.Soit'sbeenacknowledgedthatabunchofprettyputtedhouseplantscanhelpyoumaintainahealthierhome,butasmarterhome?That'sthequestioninlightofarecentstudypublishedbytheJournalofEnvironmentalPsychologyshowingthatthepresenceofplantsinaroom,particularlyinanofficeenvironment,canshrink_attention_span(范围).Strugglingdirectiveattention(thekindofattentionthattakeseffort)canberefreshedthroughexposuretonaturalisticenvironments.Basically,takingawalkthroughtheparkcanclearone'shead.Butcanaheadberefreshedsimplybybeingsurroundedbyhouseplants?Totesttheirtheory,thestudy'sauthorsroundedupabunchofparticipants,putsomeoftheminaroomwithnoplantsandputothersinaroomwithourplantsplacedaroundadesk,andputthemalltothesameseriesoftests.FirstwasaRearingSpanTeatwhichinvolvesreadingaseriesofsentencesaloudandrememberingthelastwordineachsentence.Thistaskrequiresthatyoufluentlyswitchbetweenattentiondemandingtasks:fromreadingandmemorizingatonemomenttowritingandrecallingatthenext.NextcameaproofreadingtaskfollowedbyanotherReadingSpanTest.Theresults?ParticipantsworkingintheroomwiththeplantsimprovedtheirperformancefromthefirstReadingSpanTesttothesecondwhilethoseworkingintheroomlackingingreenerydidnot.Consequently,thebenefitsofworkingamongplantsisindeedevident.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过实验说明室内植物可以很好地提高人们的注意力。5．Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．Stayingindoorscanhelpavoidthepoorerairoutdoors.B．Houseplantscanfunctionasbeautifulcheapairpurifiers.C．Plantingpolledflowersasdecorationsisveryinteresting.D．Airpurifiersarethemosteffectivetocreateahealthyhome.B [细节理解题。根据第一段“Giventhattheairinsideyourhomecanbe2to5timesmorepollutedthantheairoutsideofit,makingitcleanwithplantslikepeacelily(百合花)andasparagusfern(芦笋蕨)isaneconomical,artisticallypleasing\nalternativetoairpurifiers.”可知，鉴于室内空气污染比室外空气污染严重2到5倍，用百合花、芦笋蕨这些植物来取代空气净化器净化室内空气即经济实惠又美观。故选B项。]6．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Focusone'sattention.B．Disturbone'sattention.C．Weakenone'sattention.D．Turnone'sattentionaway.A [词义猜测题。根据第二段“Strugglingdirectiveattention(thekindofattentionthattakeseffort)canberefreshedthroughexposuretonaturalisticenvironments.”可知，挣扎的注意力(需要努力的注意力)可以通过置身于自然环境中来恢复。据此可推知，缩小注意力范围即指注意力得到恢复，变得更专注。故选A项。]7．Whatdoesthetestprove?A．Workinginnaturehelpsincreaseproductivity.B．Houseplantswillbeingreatdemandinourlife.C．Greenerycreateshealthiernaturalisticatmosphereindoors.D．Workingamonghouseplantsimprovesmentalfunctioning.D [细节理解题。根据第四段“ParticipantsworkingintheroomwiththeplantsimprovedtheirperformancefromthefirstReadingSpanTesttothesecondwhilethoseworkingintheroomlackingingreenerydidnot.Consequently,thebenefitsofworkingamongplantsisindeedevident.”可知，在有植物的房间里工作的参与者从第一次阅读广度测试到第二次阅读广度测试成绩都有所提高，而在没有绿色植物的房间里工作的参与者则没有。因此，在植物间工作的好处是显而易见的。由此可知，这个测试证实了在室内植物间工作可以改善精神功能。故选D项。]8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Flowers:GrandFeasttoEyesB．Greenery:EffectiveAirpurifierC．Houseplants:VisualBrainFoodD．PottedPlants:Great!HousebeautifierC [主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知本文介绍室内植物可以很好地提高人们的注意力，对大脑的工作效果起到积极作用。C项“室内植物：脑视觉的食物”符合文章主旨。故选C项。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·荣成段考)OneofthehealthiestFoodsontheplanet\nThereisprobablynoflowermorehated,ormisunderstood,thanthebrightyellowdandelion(蒲公英).__1__Inanefforttohavetheperfectgreengrasslawn,peopletrytheirbesttokillalldandelionswithchemicalproducts.Ortheydigthemoutattheroots—onlytoseethemgrowrightback.__2__TheyareagreatsourceofvitaminKandalsoareagoodsourceofvitaminsAandC．TheyalsohavevitaminE,folateandsmallamountsofotherBvitamins.Also,theyprovidelotsofiron,calcium,magnesiumandpotassium.Besidesnutrition,anothergreatthingaboutdandelionsisthatyoucaneateverypartofthem—fromthebottomoftherootstothetopoftheflower.__3__Donoteatonesthathavebeentreatedwithdangerouschemicalsoraregrowingnearhightrafficareas.Dandelionsaresaidtoprovideseveralpossiblehealthbenefitssuchashelpingindigestionandimprovingsomeskinconditions.Theymayalsoreduceinflammation(炎症)．Childreninmanypartsoftheworldhavehadthesimplepleasureofblowingthesoft,whitedandeliontops.__4__Infact,thereisagamechildrenplaywithdandelionsthathavegonetoseed.Pickthewhitetop,makeawish,closeyoureyesandblow!Ifyoublowalloftheseedsoffinonebreath,yourwishwillcometrue!__5__A．Well,thatiswhatmanychildrenbelieve.B．Theywatchtheseedsfloateasilyintheair.C．Atleasttheseedshavetraveledfarandwide.D．Justmakesuretotakecarewhenpickingwilddandelions.E．Youcanletmoreofthisnutritiousfoodsourcecontinuetogrow.F．Dandelionsareactuallyoneofthemostnutritiousfoodsintheworld.G．IntheUnitedStates,theyareconsidered“weeds”，thenameforanyunwantedplant.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蒲公英的益处。蒲公英实际上是世界上最有营养的食物之一。它们是维生素K的重要来源，也是维生素A和C的良好来源。它们还含有维生素E和少量其他维生素B。1．G [根据后面的“peopletrytheirbesttokillalldandelions(人们千方百计消灭所有的蒲公英)”可知，在美国，蒲公英被认为是“杂草”，是指那些不想要的植物。故选G。]2．F [根据后面“TheyareagreatsourceofvitaminKandalsoareagoodsource\nofvitaminsAandC．(它们是维生素K的重要来源，也是维生素A和C的良好来源。)”可知，讨论的是蒲公英所含的各种维生素。本段介绍的是蒲公英实际上是世界上最有营养的食物之一。故选F。]3．D [根据后面的“Donoteatonesthathavebeentreatedwithdangerouschemicalsoraregrowingnearhightrafficareas.(不要吃那些经过危险化学品处理或生长在交通繁忙地区附近的蒲公英。)”可推测此处为说明采摘野生蒲公英时一定要小心。故选D。]4．B [根据前面的“Childreninmanypartsoftheworldhavehadthesimplepleasureofblowingthesoft,whitedandeliontops.(世界上许多地方的孩子都有吹蒲公英的简单乐趣。)”此处承接上文，说明孩子喜欢吹蒲公英的表现有：他们看着种子轻松地漂浮在空中。故选B。]5．A [根据前面的“Ifyoublowalloftheseedsoffinonebreath,yourwishwillcometrue！(如果你一口气吹掉所有的种子，你的愿望就会实现！)”此处承接上文可知那是许多孩子相信吹掉所有种子愿望就会实现。故选A。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·保定三次模拟)AlleyeswereonJackMa.ThechairmanofAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.1.________(step)downonTeachers'Dayfromleadingtheecommercegiant.“Istillhavelotsofreamstogoafter.”Mawrotein2.________openletterlastyear,announcinghisparting.The55yearoldbusinessmanshowedupathisfarewellparty(欢送会)3.________(dress)uplikearockstar.Ma'sragstorichesstoryisagoodexampleofdoingsomethingdifferent.4.________(visit)Americain1995,MasawtheInternetandhadtheideaofsettinguphisowntradingwebsite.In1999,hefoundedAlibaba,strugglingforyearstogetitofftheground.Ecommercewas5.________(gradual)broughttoChinabyMa,6.________successhasinspiredmanyChinesetechbusinessmen.NowMaislookingtofocus7.________education,“I'mnotgonnateachEnglish;I'mnotgonnateachbusiness.ButI'mgonnateachyoungpeoplehowtoface8.________(challenge)，”hetoldBloombergNews.It'snevertruethatskilledsailorscan9.________(make)oncalmwaters.AsMasaid,“Todayiscruel.Tomorrowis10.________(cruel).Butthedayaftertomorrowisbeautiful.”【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿里巴巴集团董事长马云退休后追求自己的梦想。1．stepped [考查时态。句意：阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司董事长在教师节当天辞去了领导这家电子商务巨头的职务。结合前文“AlleyeswereonJack\nMa.”可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时，step的过去式为stepped。故填stepped。]2．an [考查冠词。句意：马云去年在一封公开信中宣布离职。分析句子可知，文章缺少冠词，修饰名词letter，且在形容词open前，open以元音音素开头。故填an。]3．dressed [考查过去分词。句意：这位55岁的商人打扮成摇滚明星出现在他的告别派对上。分析句子可知，businessman与dress为逻辑上的被动关系，此处过去分词作状语修饰businessman。故填dressed。]4．Visiting [考查现在分词。句意：1995年访问美国时，马云看到了互联网，有了建立自己的贸易网站的想法。分析句子可知，Ma与参观为逻辑上的主动关系，现在分词作状语修饰Ma，且位于句首首字母需要大写。故填Visiting。]5．gradually [考查副词。句意：电子商务是马云逐渐带到中国的，马云的成功鼓舞了许多中国电商。分析句子可知，修饰动词brought用副词，故gradual变为gradually。故填gradually。]6．whose [考查定语从句。句意：电子商务是马云逐渐带到中国的，马云的成功鼓舞了许多中国电商。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，定语从句中主语为Ma'ssuccess，从句中缺限定词whose。故填whose。]7．on/upon [考查固定搭配。句意：现在，马云正着眼于教育。focuson/upon为固定搭配，意为“着眼于……”。故填on/upon。]8．challenges [考查名词单复数。句意：但我要教年轻人如何面对挑战。结合句子可知，此处所填名词作动词face的宾语，且挑战不止一个，用复数形式。故填challenges。]9．bemade [考查语态。句意：技术熟练的水手在平静的水面上是不可能练成的。分析句子可知，技术娴熟的水手与练成为逻辑上的被动关系，情态动词can后用动词原形。故填bemade。]10．crueler/morecruel [考查形容词比较级。句意：明天更残酷。分析句子可知，结合前文“Todayiscruel.”及后文“Butthedayaftertomorrowisbeautiful.”可推测，明天比今天更加残酷，用比较级，cruel的比较级为crueler/morecruel。故填crueler/morecruel。]Ⅳ.短文改错DearSimon，Iamgladtohearthatyougotoyournewschoollastweek.ButIalsolearnyouarehavingtroublefitinatyournewschool.Suchproblemsarequitenormal.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybegreathelp.First，Ithinkyoumayneedtocommunicatewithyourclassmatesasmanyaspossible.Inthisway，youwillgettoknowotherbetter.Second，takepartinmoreactivitiesmightbeagoodidea，thathelpsdevelopfriendly\nrelationships.Lastly，whenfacewithsometoughproblems，youmightaskyourteachersforhelp，whocanusuallyoffertoyousomesolutions.Ihopemyadvicewillbehelpful.Ifthereisanythingmore，pleasefeelfreelytocontactme.Yours，LiHua[答案] DearSimon，Iamgladtohearthatyoutoyournewschoollastweek.ButIalsolearnyouarehavingtroubleinatyournewschool.Suchproblemsarequitenormal.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybegreathelp.First，Ithinkyoumayneedtocommunicatewithyourclassmatesasaspossible.Inthisway，youwillgettoknowbetter.Second，partinmoreactivitiesmightbeagoodidea，helpsdevelopfriendlyrelationships.Lastly，whenwithsometoughproblems，youmightaskyourteachersforhelp，whocanusuallyofferyousomesolutions.Ihopemyadvicewillbehelpful.Ifthereisanythingmore，pleasefeeltocontactme.Yours，LiHua
