语态专题一．被动语态的构成。时态构成例句一般现在时1.教室每天都被我们打扫。Theclassroom_____________byuseveryday.一般过去式他昨天制造的这个风筝。Thekite________________byhimyesterday.现在进行时花正在被他浇。Flowers________________________byhim.一般将来时1.2.一个新医院明年将在我们城市建造。Anewhospital_______________________inourcitynextyear.或Anewhospital__________________________________inourcitynextyear现在完成时工作已经被他完成了。Thework________________byhim.过去进行时昨天的这个时候一封信正在被他写。Aletter____________________byhimthistimeyesterday.过去完成时到去年年底3000个单词已经被我们学习了。Threethousandwords____________________byusbytheendoflastyear.过去将来时陈先生说在将来机器人在每一家里被看到。MrChengsaidrobots______________ineveryhouseinthefuture.含情态动词的被动语态Thisthing___________________assoonaspossible.这件事必须尽快做Thetrees___________________inspring.春天能种树。二．用法。1.不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。1)Thebridge____________lastyear.这座桥是去年建造的.2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。1.)Chinese________________(被说)bymoreandmorepeopleintheword.2.)Theroom__________________yet.房间还没有打扫。4.句子的主语不是人。1）Somemistakes_____________(犯错)bythemyesterday。2.)Thetiger_____________byhim.老虎被他杀死了。三．主动语态变被动语态方法。儿歌：先找原句主谓宾，宾做主来，主by宾；动词bedone时不变；注意数格抄其余。Eg:1)Weaskedhimtosingasong.→____________________tosingasong____________.2)TomwatchesTVeveryday.__________________________________everyday..四．带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态。（1）把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不变。（2）把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语前加介词to或for。加to的动词有：give,bring,pass,lend,write,show等。加for的有：buy,choose等。1）Shegavemeabook.→I________________abookbyher.(间接宾语me改为了主语)→Abook___________________mebyher.(直接宾语abook改为了主语)2）IboughtascarfformymotheronMother’sDay.→Mymother_______________ascarfbymeonMother’sDay.→Ascarf_________________mymotherbymeonMother’sDay.五．动词短语变为被动语态。句中谓语是动词短语时，变为被动语态要注意其完整性。（即不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词）1）Weshouldspeaktooldmanpolitely.→Oldman__________________________politely.2)JackturnedontheTVjustnow.→TheTV_________________byJackjustnow.六．带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只需把宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾语补足语仍保留原处。Ourteachertoldustocleantheclassroomatonce.→____________________cleantheclassroomatonce.七．感官动词see,watch,feel,notice等，及使役动词let,make,have等在主动句中不带to，变为被动语态时相应的加上to.Hemakesthegirlstayathome.→Thegirl______________________stayathome.八．主动表被动。1.feel,look,sound,smell,taste等系动词词的主动语态表被动。1)Thedishes______(闻起来)sodelicious.2）Thestory_________(听起来)interesting.2.need+doing相当于“needtobedone”tobedone表示不定式的被动语态。Mybike___________.(需要修)=Mybike____________________________.3.beworthdoing值得做某事。doing表示被动意义。Thisbook__________________(值得读)。一．中考连接。（）1.—Lookatthesignontheright.【2022贵州安顺】—Oh,parking______here.\nA.doesn’tallowB.isn’tallowedC.didn’tallowedD.wasn’tallowed()2.Sofarthisyear,manynewhouses________inWenchuanwiththehelpofthegovernment.（2022四川资阳）A.buildB.arebuiltC.willbuildD.havebeenbuilt（）3.—Who’sthelittlebabyinthephoto,LiYing?—It’sme.Thisphoto_______fourteenyearsago.【2022湖北黄石】A.istakenB.tookC.takesD.wastaken（）4.---MayIuseyourcup,Tom?---Sorry,it________bymysisterjustnow.【2022湖南长沙】A.wasbrokenB.isbrokenC.broke（）5.Peoplewhodrinkwine______todriveafterMayDay.【2022广东】A.don’tallowB.isn’tallowedC.mustn’tallowD.mustn’tbeallowed（）6.Ourmathteacher______inourschoolfor20yearsandhe_____herewhenhewas23yearsold.【2022广东】A.hastaught,hascomeB.taught,comesC.taught,cameD.hastaught,came（）7.Wastepapershouldn’t_____everywhere.It’sourdutytokeepourclassroomclean.【2022四川德阳】A.bethrownB.throwC.isthrown（）8.Anofficial_____bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday.A．isinterviewingB.isinterviewedC.wasinterviewingD.wasinterviewed()9.Boysandgirls,thebooksinthelibraryshould______goodcareof.【2022湖南永州】A.takeB.aretakingC.betaken()10.Theradiosaysawildanimalzooisgoingto____inourcity.【泸州市2022】A.bebuiltB.builtC.buildD.bebuilding()11.—Howsoon____allthework___________?—Inaweek.【2022•盐城】A.will…finishB.is…goingtofinishC.will…befinishedD.are…goingtobefinished()12.Thesedaysstudentsinsomeschools______nottousemobilephones.(2022安徽芜湖)A.askB.askedC.areaskedD.wereasked()13.Trees________everyyeartomakeourcitygreener.【2022广西南宁市】A.plantB.areplantedC.wereplantedD.willbeplanted()14.We'reverygladtoknowthatagreatsportsmeeting_________inGuiyangthisSeptember.【2022贵州贵阳】A.willholdB.willbeheldC.willbehold()15.Alotoftrees______onthehillyesterday.【2022雅安】A.areplantedB.willbeplantedC.havebeenplantedD.wereplanted()16.Inthepastthechildrenweremade______15hoursaday.【2022山东枣庄】A.tolockB.workC.toworkD.lock()17.TheTaiwanspotteddeer,FanXingandDianDian,__________totheChinesemainlandonApril16,2022.【2022山东滨州】A．havesentB．weresendingC．weresentD．hadsent()17.I’mgladtofindthatmanytrees_______inourcitylastyear.【2022重庆】A.plantB.plantedC.wereplantedD.areplanted()18.Computers________widelyinourdailylife.【2022四川宜宾】A.useB.usedC.wereusedD.areused()19.Todayalotofinformationcan_____online.【2022天津】A.receiveB.bereceivedC.isreceivedD.receiving()20.Halfofthework______bynow.【2022•广西柳州】A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havebeenfinished()21.Everyyearlotsoftrees_____tomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.(2022湖南岳阳中考)A.isplantedB.areplantedC.plant()22.Hiscarwas____bythepolicebecausehedrovetoofast.【2022湖南益阳】A.stoppingB.stoppedC.stop()23．Helikesreadingverymuch．Mostofhismoney____onbooks．(2022贵州毕节)A．isspentB．spendC．spendsD．arespent()24.TherewasabigearthquakeinJapan,butluckilymanypeople_________.【2022浙江宁波】A.saveB.savedC.aresavedD.weresaved()25.Aseveryoneknows,rubbish_______everywhere.【2022山东聊城】A.needbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maythrow()26.—Howcleanandtidyyourbedroomis!—Thankyou.Iteveryday.【2022广安市】A.cleansB.iscleanedC.wascleaned()27.InmanyplacesinChina,theoldover90________notonlybytheirfamilybutalsobythegovernment.【2022•兰州】A.istakinggoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakinggoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare()28It’sreportedthatNanjingSouthRailwayStation_______attheendofthismonth.（2022·南京）A.hasbeencompletedB.iscompletedC.wascompletedD.willbecompleted()29.Marydidn’tgotoJohn’sbirthdaypartybecauseshe________.【2022•株洲】A.wasn’tinvitedB.didn’tinviteC.isn’tinvited()30.—________you________theBeatles'(甲壳虫乐队)story?—Yes.Andtheirsongsarepopular.【2022•山东青岛】A.Did;hearB.Do;listentoC.Have;heardofD.Have;listenedto（）31.—WhathappenedtoBilly?—He________becauseofhisdrink-driving.【江西省2022】A.iscaughtB.wascaughtC.hascaughtD.hadcaught\n（）32.Maryisn'thereatthemoment.She_________later.【江西省2022】A.comesB.cameC.hascomeD.iscoming（）33.Don'tworry.Yourpackage______hereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.【2022安徽】A.willkeepB.haskeptC.willbekeptD.hasbeenkept（）34.Myfather_____TVinthelivingroomwhenI_____homeyesterday.(2022•铜仁)A.watched;gotB.waswatching;gotC.watched;wasgettingD.waswatching;wasgetting()35.Manyaccidents_________bycarelessdriverslastyear.【2022北京】A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause()36.Drivingafterdrinkingwine_______inChina.【2022陕西】A.allowsB.doesn'tallowC.isallowedD.isn'tallowed()37.Manytreesandflowers________inourcityeveryyear.（2022桂林）A.plantedB.areplantedC.wereplantedD.plants()38.TheSpringFestival______inJanuaryorFebruary.【河北省2022】A.celebratesB.iscelebratedC.celebratedD.wascelebrated()39.Softdrinks___tochildrenforfreeinsomerestaurantsonChildren'sDay.【2022•河南省】A.offerB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.willbeoffered()40.Whenwillthebirthdayparty______,onMondayeveningorTuesdayevening?(2022江苏徐州】A.holdB.beheldC.heldD.beholding()41.—Howmanypeoplewill________toyourbirthdayparty?—Twelve.【2022•四川南充】A.inviteB.beinvitedC.beinviting()42.Anewcinema_____inourcitylastyear.【2022梧州】A.builtB.wasbuiltC.willbuildD.isbuilt()43.WhenshouldIhandinmypaper?—Yourpapermust____assoonasthebell___________.【2022广东深圳】A.handin;ringsB.handin;willringC.behandedin;willringD.behandedin:rings()44.ChinahasofferedmuchhelptoJapansinceit______bytheearthquakeandtsunami（海啸）.【2022山东济宁】A.hitsB.ishitC.washitD.willbehit()45.Atlasttheboywasmade______andbegantolaugh.【2022呼和浩特】A.stopcryingB.tostoptocryC.tostopcryingD.stoptocry()46.—DoyouknowLucy’sgrandma?—Ofcourse.Sheisakindwoman,butshehas______foraboutamonthsinceshe______intheaccident.【2022四川达州】A.beendead;waskilledB.died;waskilledC.beendead;killedD.died;killed()47.－HowoftendoIneedtofeedthebird?－They_______foodeveryday,ortheywillbehungry.【2022浙江台州】A.mustgiveB.mustn’tgiveC.mustbegivenD.mustn’tbegive()48.Foodsafetyisimportant.Rules______tostoppeoplefromfoodpollution.【2022浙江舟山】A.mustmakeB.mustbemadeC.can’tmakeD.can’tbemade（）49.---Look,whathavetheydone?【2022湖北十堰】---Sorry.IthinkifI__________anotherchance,I’lldoitbetter.A.giveB.willbegivenC.willgiveD.amgiven（）50.—IsBohaiBridgeopentothepublicyet?—Yes.It______foralmostoneandahalfmonths.【2022新疆阜康】A.hasopenedB.hasbeingopenedC.hasbeenopenD.wasopen()51.----Drunkendriveisdangerous,isn’tit?【2022四川绵阳】----Yeah.Thatwhydrunkendrivers______toprisonevenwithoutcausingaccidents.A.sentB.aresentC.sendD.aresending()52.I____togettherebeforeseventomorrow,soI’llhavetogetupearly.A．toldB.havetoldC.willtellD.wastold()53.----DidyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty？----No,I_____.【2022呼和浩特】A.haven’tinvitedB.didn’tinviteC.amnotinvitedD.wasn’tinvited（）54.Don'tmakesomuchnoise.Thechildren_______anEnglishlesson.【2022黑龙江绥化市】A.haveB.arehavingC.werehaving()55.Theyoungmanwasoftenseen____bythelake.A.todrawB.todrawingC.drawD.drew()56.—Alan,it’slate.Whynotgotobed?—Jennyhasn’tcomebackyet.I_______forher.【2022广东】A.waitedB.havewaitedC.amwaitingD.waswaiting()57.Thecomputerisbroken.＿＿＿it＿＿＿today?【2022沈阳】A.Will;repairB.Has;repairedC.Will;berepairedD.Has;beenrepaired()58.She_______thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.【2022雅安】A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept()59..---Howdoyoulikethematerial?---Verymuch.It____softandnice.A．feelsB.isfeltC.isfeelingD.felt()60.Whatalovelydress!It_____bymysister.【2022年吉林】A.makesB.madeC.wasmadeD.ismaking二．翻译句子1.青少年认为他们应该被允许自己做决定。【2022•兰州】Teenagersthinktheyshould______________tomakethedecisionforthemselves.2.学生们每周都清洁教室的窗户。【2022•广州】Theclassroomwindows_______________bythestudentseveryweek.3.She__________________(收到…来信)herpenpalyesterday.（2022福建）4.Thewatch____________________________(用来做…)tellingthetime.5.Apairofpandas__________________(赠送)toAustraliamonthsago,whichrepresentsthe\nfriendshipbetweenAustralianandChinesepeople.（2022连云港市）三．根据句子意思和首字母填写单词。1.Thedisht_________delicious,doesn’tit?(2022山东烟台)2.Sher_____togotothepartyandIhadtogothereinstead.(2022山东烟台)3.Japanesepeopleare________(教)howtoprepareforearthquakesfromanearlyage.(2022日照)4.Lilylookssosadtoday.Let’sgotoc______________herup.5.Whatahotday!Look!Mariaiss_________intheriver.(2022淄博)6.Itt___________me25minutestogotoschool.(2022淄博)7.Pleasedon’tw_______water.Can’tyouseethesign“SaveWater.”8.Howtoprotectourselvesshouldbe_______(教)atschool.(2022湖北)9.Theastronautsd__________（描述）whathehadseeninthespace.(2022山东泰安)10.Theh________youwork,themoreprogressyouwillmake.(2022宁波)11.Howmuchofyourtimeiss_________onsports?12.I’vet________aboutitforalongtime,butcan’tdecidehowtodoit.13.Heiss________moneysothathecanbuyanewcomputer.三．能力提升：Ihatebeingoverweight.Myhusbandsaidhedidn’tmind,butIknewhestillhopedIhadabeautifulbody.Everythingfrommywaist(腰部)tomylegswasoverweight.Finally,justafterChristmaslastyear,Idecidedthatsomethinghadtobedone.ImetDr.Wallace,andshetoldmeIhadtostopeatingfastfoods.ItwasveryhardformebecauseIwaseatingthemthreeoffourtimesaweek：pizza，hamburgers，whateverIcouldget.ButIsaidtomyselfatthestartthatIwouldtrymybesttodoit—andIdid.Ievengaveupthebooze—somethingIusedtohavetwoglassesofitwithdinner.Mybestfriend,RachelWaterman,saidIhadtowalk10,000stepseveryday.Thatwasveryhardformeatthebeginning.Iwasusedtodrivingeverywhere,butIstartedtowalkeverywhereinstead.Iwalkedinthemorningbeforework，andIusuallytookawalkintheparkwithmyhusbandafterwork.NowInevergotobeduntilI’vedonemy10,000steps.Sixmonthshaspassed,andImadeit.Lastweek,myhusbandboughtmeanMP4asagift.theweightiswonderful—Ifeellikeadifferentpersonnow,andIcanbuymyfavoriteclothesintheshops.IamsoproudofmyselfbecauseeveryonethoughtIwouldn’tbeabletomakeitincludingmyself.Ilovemynewbody,andI’llneverletmyselfgobackintomyoldways.（2022莱芜市）()46.Whendidthewomandecidetoloseherweight?A.Aftershehadababy.B.AfterChristmaslastyear.C.BeforeChristmaslastyear.D.Whenshegotagiftfromherhusband.()47.Theunderlinedword“booze”inParagraph2means________.A.wineB.meatC.vegetablesD.fastfoods()48.Whatcanmakethewomanoverweightaccordingtothispassage?A.Pizza,vegetablesandwine.B.Pizza,hamburgersandwine.C.Pizza,vegetablesandwater.D.Pizza,hamburgersandtea.()49.Whydidthewoman’shusbandgetanMP4forher?A.BecauseitwasDr.Wallace’ssuggestion.B.Becauseherhusbandlikedit.C.Becauseitwasagiftforhersuccessinlosingweight.D.Becausesheaskedherhusbandforitseveraltimes.()50.Whohelpedthewomanlostherweight?A.Dr.Wallace.B.Herhusband.C.RachelWaterman.D.Alloftheabove.综合填空：Itisveryimportanttostayhealthy.Ihaveaneighbor.Sheisanoldlady.Shecandoallthehousework,__41__newspapers,watchTVandsearchontheInternettolearnsomethingnew.Ioftensee__42__dotaijiquaninthemorninganddanceintheevening.Shelooksyoungandbeautiful__43__sheisoverseventy.Lastweekareporterfromamagazineinterviewedherandasked__44__shekeptsoyoungandhealthy.Sherepliedwithasmile:Ihaveasecretofstayingyoungandhealthy.Itisquite__45__keepyourmindactive，takeaninterestintheworld__46__you,andlearnatleastonenewthingeveryday.Trytododifferentkindsofhouseworkanddosportsas__47__youcan.Don’tthinkyouaretoooldtogobackto__48__.Iknowamanwhoenteredamedicalcollegewhenhewas70yearsold.Hestudiedtherefor6yearsandnowheisadoctor.Anothermanwenttoatennisschoolattheageof71andnowheisgoodat__49_tennis.Somepeoplemaysaystayingyoungiseasyonlyforthosewholiveinthefuture.Infact,nomatterhowoldyouare,youcanmakeit.Pleasetellthestorytoyourfamily.Itwouldbeagoodstartto__50__theLady’sexample.Ihopeallpeoplewillstayyoungandhealthy.（2022重庆）()41.A.look B.readC.seeD.watch()42A.her B.himC.otherD.others()43.A.than B.sinceC.thoughD.because()44.A.what B.whyC.whoD.how()45.A.early B.dearC.easyD.late()46.A.under B.aroundC.aboveD.between()47.A.soonB.busilyC.hardlyD.often()48.A.placeB.songC.schoolD.dance()49.A.buying B.losingC.sendingD.playing()50.A.follow B.giveC.makeD.bring综合填空Lifeisnotalwaysperfect(完美).Soyoushouldlearntoenjoyyourlife.Trytostayhappymostofthetime,itcanhelpyoulivehealthierandlonger.Herearesome(71)w________tohelpyouliveyourlifemorehappily.\nWrite(72)d________allthegoodthings.Thesecanmakeyouhappier.Andasforthe(73)b________things,donotkeepthinkingofthem.Donottrytocompare(比较)withothers.Theymighthaveabiggerhouseora(74)m________expensivecar.Whocares?Staymorewithyourfamilyandfriends.Theyarethemostimportantparts(75)i______yourlife.Yourlifemaybe(76)v________busy，youdon’thavetodowhatothersaskyoutodoeachtime.Remembertotellyourfamilyandfriendsthatyoulovethem.Takemoreoutdooractivities.Youcangohikinginthemountainstobreathfresh(77)a________.Itcanmakeyourelaxed.Youcanalsogotothebeachtoenjoybeachvolleyball.Learnnewthings.There’salways(78)s________newtolearn.Readabookorlearnonacomputer,theycanopenyourmindtotheworld.Giveahelpinghandtoothers.Itisalsohelpfulfor(79)y________andothers.Youmakethemhappier,andyouwillbethehappiestofall.(80)I_____youremembertofollowtheideas,youwillhaveaperfectlife.(2022莱芜市)
