宾语从句一．定义：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。二．引导词。宾语从句的句型引导词例句陈述句that他说凯特擅长游泳。____________________________________.一般疑问句用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。他问我高小姐是否是一位教师。____________________________________.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词:when(表时间)，where(表地点)why(表原因)how(表方)what,which,who,whose,1.你能告诉我你来自哪儿吗？______________________________________?2.他问我什么时候动身去青岛。_____________________________________.3.他问我这是谁的书。_______________________________________4.我不知道他们打算干什么。_______________________________.提示：一般情况下if和weather可以相互转化。但在下列情况下只能用whether。1.在介词之后用whether。We'rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime。我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。2.whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot，Ican'tsay．这是否真的我说不上来。3.从句后有ornot时。Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.4.在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。5.在动词discuss后面的宾语从句.例句：Wediscussedwhetherwehadasportsmeetingnextweek三．时态1．如果主句的谓语动词是现在时的某种时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的谓语动词可根据实际情况使用相应的时态。如：1.我不知道他将何时回来。__________________________________________________.你能告诉我我能在哪里找到他？________________________________________________.3)Irememberhe____(给)meabookyesterday．2.如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句要用过去的某一种时态(包括一般过去式，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时)。如：1)Hetoldmehe_______________________thehighjump.他告诉我他将参加跳高比赛。2)Thechildrendidn'tknow________________________．孩子们不知道他是谁。3）MissGreendidn’ttellus___________________________(她住在哪里)。4)Hesaidthathe_____________________(正在看电视)。3.如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。1)Theteachersaidthattheearth______________thesun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。2)Hetoldmethattheearth___(be)round.3)Hesaidthatthelight_______(travel)muchfasterthansound.四．语序。陈述句语序，即先主语后谓语动词。（把助动词will,have/has,would；情态动词can,may,must；be(am,is,are,was,were)动词放在主语之后；把助动词do,does,did都去掉，注意时态）1.）What’sKate’se—mailaddress?Doyouknow?→Doyouknow________________________?2.“Sheisagoodgirl”theteachertoldus.→Theteachertoldus___________________________________.3.)Whenwillthetrainleave?Couldyoutellme→Couldyoutellme________________________________?4.)CanTomspeakChinese?Myfriendsaskedme→Myfriendsaskedme___________________________________.5.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework”Tomtoldhisteacher.→Tomtoldhisteacher_____________________________________________________.6.“Wheredoyoulive“Tomaskedme→Tomaskedme___________________________________________________________.五．否定转移。在主从复合句中，当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定形式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定。1.I_________________hewillcomewithyou.我认为他不会和你一起来。2._____________________________________________.我认为他不对。六．宾语从句的简化。由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句要变为简单句可以变为不定式的复合结构（常用特殊疑问词+todo）Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.=Shedoesn’tknow__________________next.七．If与when的不同用法。if当“是否”将时，引导宾语从句，同whether.从句的时态视主句而定。作“假如”将时，引导条件状语从句，主句将来时或祈使句，从句一般现在时。Ifit_________(下雨)tomorrow，we______________(不会举行)asportsmeeting.when引导的时间状语从句，若主句一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时；when引导的其他时态的时间状语从句时，从句时态与主句时态保持一致。When引导的宾语从句，首先保证从句的陈述句语序，然后再根据主句的时态确定从句的时态。\n（1）I_____________youwhenmyfather__________.我的父亲回来时我将告诉你。(2)Mymother_____________________(正在看电视)whenIcamehome.（3）Idon’tknowwhenmyfather__________________.(回来)五．中考连接。()1.Franklintoldthemall______tobeinBritainagain.【2022浙江杭州】A.hewashowhappyB.howhappyhewasC.howwashehappyD.hewashappyhow()2.—Couldyoutellme_______lastnight?—Er,IwaswatchingTVathome.（2022·浙江省东阳市）A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing()3.Thismorningmymotheraskedme____.【2022乌鲁木齐】A.whyheisnothereB.whereJuliawentlastweekendC.whattimeisitD.howdidmybrotherdo()4.—Couldyoutellme_________?—He'sabankclerk.【2022•四川成都】A.whoyourfatherisB.whatyourfatherdoesC.whereyourfatherworks()5.—Couldyoutellme_________?—Heisinthelibrary（2022·江苏省苏州市）A．whereSimonwasB．whereisSimonC．wherewasSimonD．whereSimonis()6.---Couldyoutellme_________________?---Ofcourse,lastnight.（2022·四川省卷）A.whenyoureachedChengduB.whendidyoureachChengduC.howyoucametoChinaD.howdidyoucometoChina()7.I’vedecidedtogotoLondonnextweekend.Iwaswondering_______youcouldgowithme.(江西省2022)A.ifB.whenC.thatD.where()8.Bobaskedme_________.【2022•宁夏】A.whatwasshedoingB.whatisshedoingC.whatshewasdoingD.whatsheisdoing()9.Couldyoutellme_____?—Yes.He_____toAustralia.(2022四川省巴中市）A.whereishe;hasgoneB.whereheis;hasgoneC.whereheis;hasbeen()10.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank______tothetheatrewithusthisSundayifit______?-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.（2022·甘肃省兰州市，35，1）A.willgo,isfineB.goes,isfineC.willgo,isgoingtobefineD.goes,willbefine()11.—Tom!Lookatthemaninblackoverthere.Canyoutellme_____?【2022遵义】—Oh!Heismyfriend,Jim.A.whatheisB.whoheisC.howheis()12.---Couldyoutellme______atthemeeting?----Sorry,Idon’tknow.Idid’tgotothemeetingthatday.A.whatdoeshesayB.whathesaysC.whathesaidD.whatdidhesay()13.Doyouknow_________theCapitalMuseum?—Nextweek.(2022北京)A.whenwilltheyvisitB.whentheywillvisitCwhendidtheyvisitD.whentheyvisited()14-Idon’tknow_________now.—Sheismuchbettertoday.(2022天津)A.howissheB.whereissheC.howsheisD.wheresheis()15.Couldyoutellme____tothepostoffice,please?（2022·山东省莱芜市，）---Yes.It'sdownBridgeStreetonyourfight.A．howIgotB．howIcangetC．howcanIgetD．howdidIget()16.Myfriendwantedtoknow_______withhisnewcar.A.whatwrongisB.whatiswrongC.whatwrongwasD.whatwaswrong()17.Theboyaskedhisfather_______.A.whenwouldtheygotoHongKongforaholidayB.whowasthetelevisioninventedbyC.howthelifewillbelikeintheyear2100D.ifhecouldwatchTVafterfinishinghishomework()18．---WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork?---Pardon?---Iasked_______A.WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYorkB.WhentheShutesareleavingforNewYorkC.WhenweretheShutesleavingforNewYorkD.WhentheShuteswereleavingforNewYork()19.Alicehasgonetotheclassroomandshedidn’tsay________.A.whendidshecomebackB.whenwouldshebebackC.whenshecamebackD.whenshewouldbeback()20.---Whatdidyourfatheraskyoujustnow?---Heaskedme________.A.WhomIwaschattingwithB.WhereIamwithmyfriendsC.WhenwouldIgohomeD.ifIhavefinishedmyhomework()21.Youcan’timagine_______whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents!A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited()22.Canyoudescribe______?A.whatyourfriendislikeB.howyourfriendislikeC.whatdoesyourfriendlooklike()23.Myfathertoldmethelight______muchfasterthansound.A.istravelingB.willtravelC.travelledD.travels()24.—Lookatthegirlwithapairofglassesoverthere.Canyoutellme______?【2022江苏淮安】—Sheisanurse.A.whoissheB.whosheisC.whatissheD.whatsheis()25.IntheUK,awomanusuallydoesn’tliketobeasked_________.(2022江苏省常州市)A.whethershehadbeenmarriedB.whatisherage\nC.howmuchsheweighsD.whereshecomesfrom()26.—Simon，Iwonder_______.—LastSaturday.（2022江苏南通市）A.whentheforeignvisitorsarrivedB.whendidtheforeignvisitorsarriveC.whentheforeignvisitorswillarriveD.whenwilltheforeignvisitorsarrive()27.—Couldyoutellme____?—It’stwentyminutesbyunderground.(2022江苏省泰州市C)A.howcanIgettoyourschoolB.howmuchitcoststogettoyourschoolC.howfaritisfromyourhometoyourschoolD.howlongdoesittakemetogettoyourschool()28.Excuseme,couldyoutellme________forTaiwan?--Thedayaftertomorrow.（2022·福建省福州市，44，1）A.whendidyouleaveB.whenyouareleavingC.whenareyouleaving()29.---Iseemtobelost.Couldyoutellme___________?(2022江苏连云港)---Sure.YoucantaketheNo.3bustogetthere.A.whereisthenearesthospitalB.howlongitwilltakemetotheairportC.howfarismytriptotheOlympicVillageD.howIcangettotheNationalMuseum()30.—Ican’tfindMary.Where’sshe?—Sorry,Idon’tknow______.（江苏省扬州市）A.wherehasshebeenB.whereshehasbeenC.wherehasshegoneD.whereshehasgone()31.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______?（2022江苏省盐城）—Itwillleaveat4:00p.m.A.howwillyougotoShanghaiB.howyouwillgotoShanghaiC.whenwillthebusleaveforShanghaiD.whenthebuswillleaveforShanghai()32.Thewomanaskedthepolicemanwhere_________.(2022重庆)A.thepostofficeisB.thepostofficewasC.isthepostofficeD.wasthepostoffice（）33.Let’sdiscuss_________stopeatingdogmeat.【2022•佛山】A.shouldpeopleB.ifshouldpeopleC.whetherpeopleshould()34.Doyouknow__________tomorrow?—At8o’clock.(2022北京)A.whendidshecomeB.whenshecameC.whenwillshecomeD.whenshewillcome（）35.We’llplanttreestomorrow,andIdon’tknow______Tomwillcomeandjoinus.(2022天津)A.ifB.whichC.whatD.where（）36.YourT—shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme_________?A.whereyoubuyitBwheredoyoubuyitCwhereyouboughtitDwheredidyoubuyit()37.—Couldyoutellme_________?(2022湖北荆门)A.whenwilltheyarrivetomorrowB.whentheyarrivetomorrowC.whentheywillarrivetomorrowDwhendotheyarrivetomorrow()38.1didn'tseeLauraatthepartylastnight.Doyouknow________?【2022•河南省】A.whydidn'tshecomeB.whathappenedC.whenwouldshearriveD.whereshehasbeen()39.Allenwantedtoknow____afteritgotoutoftheUFO.2022四川资阳A.whatisthealiendoingB.whatthealienwoulddoC.wherewouldthealiengoD.wherethealienisgoing()40.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?(2022.江苏省盐城市)--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why()41—Doyouknow_____thenewmobilephonelastweek?(2022.四川省自贡市）--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor()42.—Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?--Theyalwaysletmedo______IthinkIshould.(2022.江苏省无锡市.3.1)A.whenB.thatC.howD.what()43.Wehaven’tdecided_______we’llgotoShanghainextweek.（2022·山东省菏泽市）A.whereB.whenC.whyD.how()44.Iwanttoknow________.(2022年上海市48.1)A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat()45.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?（2022·福建省晋江市，40，1）--At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave()46.—Doyouknow_______?（2022·江苏省扬州市，10，1）--I’mnotsure.Maybeanartist.A.whatthemanwithlonghairisB.whatisthemanwithlonghairC.whothemanwithlonghairisD.whoisthemanwithlonghair()47.—Doyouknow_______lastnight?（2022·广西省梧州市，45，1）--Someschoolthings.A.whatdoesshebuyB.whatshebuysC.whatdidshebuyD.whatshebought()48.—Doyouknow_______themanwithglassesis?--Areporter,Ithink.(2022·山东省聊城市，39，1）A.whatB.thatC.whoD.where()49.Theboyaskedhisfather_______?（2022·新疆省阜康市，32，1）A.whereithappensB.whendidithappenC.whatwasithappenD.howithappened()50.IhearTomliveshere,butI’mnotsure_____.（2022·陕西省，24，1）A.whichroomhelivesinB.whichroomdoesheliveinC.helivesinwhichroomD.inwhichroomdoeshelive二．翻译句子。1.他说等他一回来就把礼物送给她。Hesaidthathe____________herthepresentassoonashecameback.(2022甘肃兰州)\n1.我确信什么也无法阻止李雷成为一名作家。I’msure________________LiMing___________awriter.3.Ihopeallmystudents________________________(感兴趣)English.(2022江苏)4.Pleasedon’t__________(放弃)whenyouhavedifficultiesinstudy。5.我认为他明天不会来参加会议的。I____________that__________cometothemeetingtomorrow.6.我经常请教音乐老师怎样才能谈好钢琴。(2022山东)Ioftenaskmymusicteacher__________________playthepianowell.7.Theteachersayshe_______________(擅长)listeningandspeaking.8．你能告诉我你来中国多久了吗?(2022江苏省常州市)_________________________________________?9.我不知道是否能通过考试。（2022淄博中考）______________________________________________________.10.我想我能和这些孩子们相处的很好。（2022四川）________________________________________________________.能力提升:Peopleusuallytalkabouttwogroupsofcolors:warmcolorsandcoolcolors.Scientiststhinkthattherearealsotwogroupsofpeople:peoplewhopreferwarmcolorsandpeoplewhoprefercoolcolors.Thewarmcolorsarered,orangeandyellow.Wheretherearewarmcolorsandalotoflight,peopleusuallytrendtobeactive.Peoplethinkthatredisthesymbolofexcitingsociable（善交际的）people.Thosewholiketobewithotherslikered.Thecoolcolorsaregreen,blueandpurple.Thesecolors,unlikewarmcolors,arerelaxing.Wheretherearecoolcolors,peopleareusuallyquiet.Peoplewholiketospendtimealoneoftenpreferblue.Redmaybeexciting,butonescientistsaysthattimeseemstopassmorequicklyinaroomwithwarmcolorsthaninaroomwithcoolcolors.Hesuggestedthatawarmcolorsuchasredandorange,isagoodcolorforalivingroomorarestaurant.83Peoplewhoarerelaxedoreatingdon’twanttimetopassquickly.Coolcolorsarebetterforofficesoffactories,becausethepeoplewhoworktherewanttimetopassquickly.Scientistsdon’tknowwhypeoplethinksomecolorsarewarmandothersarecool.84However,almosteveryoneagreethatwarmcolorsremindpeopleofwarmdaysandcoolcolorsremindthemofcooldays.Becauseinthenorththesunislowduringwinter,thesunlightappearsquiteblue.Becausethesunishigherduringsummer,thehotsummersunlightappearsyellow.（一）根据短文内容简要回答问题。（淄博市中考模拟题）81.Whendopeoplewanttobeactiveaccordingtothispassage?82.Cancoolcolorsreallymaketimepassmorequickly?（二）将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。83.___________________________________________________________________84.___________________________________________________________________（三）请给短文拟一个适当的标题。85.___________________________________________________________________短文填空AbrahamLincoln,the16thpresidentofAmerica,wasborninapoorfamily.A89alittlekid,hedidalotofhouseworkeveryday.Andsometimeshehadtoh90hisparentsonthefarm.Butwhenhewasfree,heenjoyedreadingbooksverymuch.Oneday,heb91abookfromhisneighbor.Helovedthebooksomuchthathekeptreadingituntil12o’clockatnight.Whenhewenttosleep,heputthebookinthegap(裂缝)ofthewall.Itrainedheavilythatnight.WhenlittleLincolnwokeupthenextmorning,hefoundthatthebookwasallw92.Lincolncarriedthebooktotheowner.Hefeltverys93andnervous.“What’swrongwithmybook?Itcan’tbereada94!”theneighborsaid.HeaskedLincolntopayforanewbook.LittleLincolnhadnomoney,andhedidn’twanttoaskhisparentsformoneytopayhisneighbor.“Letmeworkforyoutopayforanewbook,please!”Lincolnasked.Hecutgrassintheneighbor’sgardenforthreedaystopayforthebook.Itdoesn’tmatterifyoumakeam95,butyoushouldberesponsible(负责的)forit.(2022临沂市)89._________90.______________91.__________92.w________93._______94.______________95.___________
