时态语态3\n时态名称时态用法（含义）主动结构被动结构及例句时间状语主动结构例句注意（考点）现在时一般现在1）经常性、习惯性、反复性做的动作2）现存的状态或特征3）客观事实或普遍真理主语+am/is/are主语+_____________(do)主语+________+_________Thepenisusedtowrite.Thebooks__________(read)bymanypeople.everyday/year,onSundays,atweekends,onweekdays,always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never等频率副词1)Hegoestoschooleveryday.2)Weareveryhappy.3)Theearth__________(move)aroundthesun.1)时间、条件、让步状语从句用一般现在时表示将来如:I’llvisityouwhenyoucomebackhome.Pleasecallonmeifyouarefree.常出现的连词有：when,if,before,after,assoonas,until,though(although)现在进行1）现在某时刻正在进行的动作2）现阶段正在进行的动作主语+am/is/are+_____________※主语+am/is/are+beingdoneMyhomeworkisbeingdonenow.now,atthemoment,thesedays,look,listen,hurryup等语境1)Whatareyoudoingnow?2)He___________(learn)Englishthesedays.1)表示感觉、愿望、状态的一些动词如：hearlikewanthave一般不用进行时态2)always,often等用于进行时，表示感情色彩。Theboyisalwaysaskingsillyquestions.(表示厌烦)现在完成1）过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果2）过去已经开始，延续到现在的动作或状态主语+_________+过去分词主语+__________+__________Thehousehasalreadybeenbuilt.Thelostboys_______just____________(find).already,yet,ever,neverjust,before,for+时间段，since+时间点sometimes,sofar(bynow),inthepast(last)tenyears1)Hehasfinishedhishomework.2)They___________(live)herefortwoyears.在肯定句中，第2）种用法使用延续性谓语动词，不能用短暂性动词;还要注意短暂动词和延续动词的转化，如：come-behere,go-bethere,buy-have,borrow-keep,die-bedead,become-be,leave-beawayfrom,join-beine.g.Hecameheretwodaysago.---Hehasbeenherefortwodays.过去时一般过去1）过去某时发生的动作状态2）过去经常或反复发生动作主语+______________(be)主语+行为动词过去式主语+__________+_________Theworkwasfinishedyesterday.China______________(found)onOct.1st,1949.yesterday,in1967,amomentago,justnow,atthatmoment,then,lastweek,inthepast,attheageof,onceuponatime1)Iwasilllastnight.2)Thegirls_________(lie)onthegrassjustnow.3)Theywereoftenlateforschoollastterm.1)表示过去经常发生的动作还可以用usedtodo但usedtodo强调与现在的对比，暗示现在不是过去的情况了。如：Heusedtobelateforschoollastterm.他上学期总迟到。（暗示现在不迟到了。）2)在交际用语中，一般过去时体现委婉语气。Couldyoutellmethewaytothenearestbank?过去进行1）过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作2）过去某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作主语+was/were+_____________※主语+was/were+beingdoneAmeetingwasbeingheldatthistimeyesterday..atthistimeyesterday,attenlastSunday,from8to10yesterdaymorning,when/while引导的时间状语从句1)He__________(study)atthistimeyesterday.2)Theywerehavinganexamfrom8to10yesterdaymorning.常用于whenwhile引导的时间状语从句及其主句中如:HewasreadingwhenIcamein.HecameinwhileIwasreading.※过去完成过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作主语+had+过去分词主语+had+beendoneFivenewhouseshadbeenbuiltbytheendoflastyear.bytheendoflasttermbythetime+一般过去时的从句1)Wehadbuiltfivenewhousesbytheendoflastyear.2)Bythetimeshearrived,thetrainhadleft.常用于宾语从句Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomework也用于时间状语从句及其主句:HehadfinisheditwhenIreturned./Iretunedwhenhehadfinishedit.将来时一般将来1）将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态2）将来的计划或打算主语+_____________+do主语+am/is/are+goingtodo主语+_________+__________主+am/is/are+goingtobedoneAdoctorwillbesentforintenminutes.Anewbridge__________(build)overtherivernextyear.tomorrow,nextweek,soon,infivedays,in(the)future1)Wewillfinishittomorrow.2)He__________(be)sixyearsoldnextyear.3)We’regoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.1）表示位移的动词，如come,go,leave,arrive，用现在进行时表示短暂的将来如：I’mcomingsoon.2）begin,start,open,close等动词可以用一般现在时表示将来，指按计划、规定要发生的动作如：Thetrainstartsat9a.m.过去将来时※一般过去将来在过去某个时间看来，将要发生的动作或存在的状态主语+would+do主语+was/weregoingtodo主语+would+bedone主+was/were+goingtobedoneHesaidthisislandwouldbevisitedbymanypeoplesoon.thenextweekthedaybeforeHesaidthathewouldcomeifitdidn’trainthenextday.(宾语从句和条件状语从句嵌套)常用于宾语从句ShesaidthatshewouldvisitChinathenextweek.也用于状语从句Wheneverhehadtime,hewoulddosomereading.3\n3
