辽宁省葫芦岛市第一高级中学2022-2022学年高一英语下学期选拔性考试试卷第二部分：阅读理解题（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APeopleandthesourcesofairpollutionarefoundinthesameplaces.Thismeansthatcitieswithlargepopulationshavethebiggestproblemofdirtyair.Airpollutioniscausedbymanydifferentthings.Amajorsourceofairpollutionisthegasfumesfromcars.Statisticsshowthat93percentofallautotripsarewithincities.Anothermajorsourceofdirtyairistheburningofcoalandoilforenergy.Thisenergyisneededtomakeelectricity.Ofcourse,muchmoreelectricityisusedinthecitythaninthecountry.Ontheaverage,wethrowawaymoretrashandgarbagethantheyearbefore.Theburningofgarbagecontributestoairpollution.Manymajorindustriesarealsoresponsibleforthedirtyairinthearoundcities.Thefumesfromiron,steel,chemical,andpetroleumproductionaddparticlestotheair.Theeffectsofairpollutionrangefrommildheadachestodeath.Thelevelsofpollutionfoundinheavyfortrafficmaycauseheadachesforlossofclearvision.Wherevercoalandoilareusedforfuel,fumes（气体）maykilltreesandplantsandcausemetaltocorrode.Insomeofthelargercities,thesefumesendangertheliveofhumanbeingsbycontributingtolungdiseasesandcausingearlydeath.21.Whyisairpollutionmoreseriousinthecitythaninthecountry? A.Becausetheairinthecityisdirty. B.Becausetherearelargerpopulationsincities. C.Becausetherearemorecarsinthecity. D.Becausetherearemuchmoregasfumes,burningofcoalandoilforenergy.22.Inlargercities,thefumesfromcoalandoilmaycontributeto___________. A.heartdiseaseB.lungdiseasesC.lossofclearvisionD.seriousheadache23.Themainideaofthepassageisthat_________. A.thecauseofairpollutionispeople B.theeffectsofairpollutionrangefromheadachestodeath C.thecausesandtheeffectsofairpollutionarefoundincities D.airpollutioniscausedbydirtyair24.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage? A.topersuadepeopletostoppollutingtheair B.totellthecausesofairpollution C.totellwhycitiesarebadplacestolive D.todescribewhycitiesarebadplacestoliveBHelenThomas,thepioneeringWhiteHousereporterknownforputtingpresidentsonthehotseat,diedat92．-8-Tothosewhoregularlywatchpresidentialpressconferences,HelenThomasisafamiliarfigure．Usuallydressedinredandalwaysseatedinthefrontrow,sheisalwaysthefirstorsecondreporterthepresidentcallsupon．Itisanhonorshehasearned．Besides,itaffordshertheperfectopportunitytodowhatshedoesbest-challengethepresidentandotherpublicofficialstotelltheplaintruth．Shesaid,"Wereporters'priority（首要事情）isthepeople'srighttoknow-withoutfearorfavor．Wearethepeople'sservants．"HelenThomaswasborninKentuckyin1920．AllthenineThomaschildrenwerebroughtuptovalueeducation,andallwereexpectedtomakesomethingofthemselvesthroughworkinghard．Shemadeuphermindwhilestillinhighschooltobecomeareporterafterwritingforthestudentnewspaper．Afterreceivingherbachelor'sdegreein1942,ThomasheadedstraightforWashington,D．C．insearchofanewspaperjob．Beforelong,shelandedoneatWashingtonDailyNews．Herdutyincludedfetchingcoffeeanddoughnutsforthepaper'sreportersandeditors．Theeageryoungwomanfoundtheatmosphereexcitingandwasconvincedshehadmadetherightcareerchoice．HerbigbreakcamewhenshewassenttoFloridatoreportonthevacationofPresident-electJohnF．Kennedyandhisfamily．OncePresidentKennedytookoffice,Thomaschangedherfocusfromthepresident'sfamilytohispolicies．ShebeganattendingthedailypressbriefingsattheWhiteHouseaswellaspresidentialpressconferences．ThomashascoveredeverypresidentsinceKennedy．Overtheyears,Thomasfoundherjob"thrillingandinspiring,"butneverboring．Andshetookveryseriouslyherdutyto"keepaneyeonthepresident"andkeepAmericanpeopleinformed．25:WhatcanwelearnaboutHelenThomasfromthepassage?A．Herfirstjobwastodeliverdoughnutstoanewsagency．B．ShewasborntoalargefamilyinKentuckyin1942．C．HercareertookoffaftercoveringtheKennedys．D．Shedecidedtobeareporterwhileincollege．26:Paragraph3iswrittentoshowHelenThomasA．isagooddecisionmakerforhercareerB．wantstobefamousbywritingreportsC．hasgreatsupportfromherfamilyD．appreciateseducationandhardwork27:Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Areporterfromanordinaryfamily．B．Areporterstickingtothefacts．C．AreporterchallengingPresidentKennedy．D．AreporterforWashingtonDailyNews．CMRSFlowerswasoneofthefewgentlewomenIhaveeverknown.Onesummerafternoon,shestoppedatourstoretobuyfood.Momsaid:“SisterFlowers,I’llsendBaileyuptoyourhousewiththesethings.” “Thankyou,Mrs.Henderson.I’dpreferMarguerite,though.”Mynamesoundedsobeautifulwhenshesaidit.“I'vebeenmeaningtotalktoher,anyway.” Therewasapathbesidetherockyroad,andMrs.Flowerswalkedaheadofme.Withoutturningherhead,shespoketome:“Ihearyou’reworkingverywellinschool,Marguerite,butonlyin-8-writtenassignments.Theteachersreportthattheyhavetroublegettingyoutotalkinclass.”“Languageismankind’swayofcommunicatingwithourfellowmen,anditislanguagealone,whichseparatesusfromtheloweranimals.”Thatwasatotallynewideatome,andIwouldneedtimetothinkaboutit. “Yourgrandmothersaysyoureadalot---everychanceyouget.That’sgood,butnotgoodenough.Wordsmeanmorethanwhatissetdownonpaper...” ShesaidshewasgoingtogivemesomebooksandthatImustnotonlyreadthem,butreadthemaloud.ShesuggestedthatIshouldmakeasentencesoundinasmanydifferentwaysaspossible. Shebroughtathick,smallbookfromthebookcase.ItwasATaleofTwoCities.Sheopenedthebook,startedreadingandIheardpoetryforthefirsttimeinmylife.“Itwasthebestoftimesandtheworstoftime...”Hervoicecurvedthroughandaroundthewords.Shewasalmostsinging. 28.Mrs.Flowerspreferredtheauthortosendwhatsheboughthomemainlybecause__________. A.shewantedtoinvitetheauthortoherhome B.sheknewtheauthor'snamesoundedsobeautiful. C.shewantedtohaveachatwiththeauthorD.shewantedtohelptheauthorwithherwrittentasks 29.Accordingtothearticle,theauthor______. A.gotalongwellwithherteachersandclassmates B.didn’tworkhardinschool C.likedtotalkwithherclassmatesinclass D.wasnotactiveenoughinclass 30.Onthewaybackhome,Mrs.Flowers______. A.recommendedsomepopularbookstotheauthor B.encouragedtheauthortointeractmorewithothers C.triedtopersuadetheauthortotalkwithher D.convincedtheauthoroftheimportanceofreading 31.WecaninferfromthearticlethatMrs.Flowers______. A.thinksreadingclassicliteraryworkshelpspeoplecommunicatebetter B.believesreadingliteraryworksaloudhelpspeoplebetterunderstandthem C.isakind-heartedandhumorousteacher D.attachesmoreimportancetowrittenEnglishthanoralEnglish DIhadjustpickedupmynewcar,averybeautifulautomobileifyou’reintocars.Afewmonthslater,Iwasinvolvedinanaccident.Thatnewandverybeautifulcarwasdestroyed.Theaccidentwasclearlynotmyfault.Theotherguywassobusyon his cellphonethathewentrightthrougharedlightandslammedintothepassengersideofmycar.Itwasevenscarierbecausemyniecewasasleeponthebackseatandherfather,mybrother,wasinthefrontpassengerseat.Hewasnothappy,tosaytheleast.Thepolicearrivedandbegantakingstatements.IexplainedthatIhadbeengoingatabout55kmph.“Soyouweregoingabout50kmph…”hesaid.“No,IsaidIwasdoingabout55kmph”Isaid.“Right,soyouweredoingabout50kmph…”againherepeated.InaslightlyannoyedtonebecauseIfeltIwasn’tbeingheard,Isaid:“No!Iwasdoingabout-8-55kmph!”“OK,ifthat’sthewayyouwantit,”this timetheofficersimplyreplied.Ididn’trealizeitatthetime,butIwasshootingmyselfinthefoot.Myinsurancecompanypaidmeforthedamagestomycar.However,Itotallymissedtheboatontheotherdriver’sinsurancecompany.Thecityspeedlimitis50kmph.Iendedupgetting50percentlessthanIwouldhavefromtheotherguy’sinsurance company becauseIhadinsistedIwasdoing55kmph.Itsuddenlystruckmethatthetrafficpolicemanhadbeentryingtohelpmeout.Hehadn’tmindedaboutthe5kmph;hehadknownsomethingabouttheinsurancethatIhadnot.Ithoughtaboutwhathadhappenedagain.ImighthavecarriedoninsistingthatItoldthetruth,butIcouldatleasthavesaid“Thankyou”tohiminsteadofactingsorudely.Afterall,hehadbeentryingtohelpmeout.Sometimesthehardestthingtodoistoletotherpeopletalkwhileyousimplyshutupandlisten.Neverforgettohear,youhavetobeabletolisten.32Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthecaraccidenttheauthorhad?Atheauthor’scarwasnotseriouslybroken.Btheauthor’sniecewasinjuredintheaccident.CtheauthorwasnottoblamefortheaccidentDtheauthordidn’tgetanymoneyfromtheinsurancecompany.33whentheauthorinsistedhisspeedwas55kmph,thepoliceman__Awasconfusedatfirstandthengotslightlyannoyed.BtriedtohelphimoutallthetimeCdidn’tlistenandwrotedown50kmphDignoredtheauthoratfirst,thenfinallygaveintohim.34Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhefoundoutwhatthepolicemanhadintended?AHeregrettednotlisteningtothepolicemanbecausehehadhadtopaymore.BHeregrettedbeingrudetothepolicemanCHewasproudthathehadinsistedontellingthetruth.DHeappreciatedwhatthepolicemanhaddoneandfeltluckytohavemethim.35whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?Ahonestyisthebestpolicy.Bweshouldappreciatethosewhohelpus.Citisimportanttobewillingtolistentopeople.Dpeopleshouldinsistondoingwhattheythinkisright.第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Sure,we'veallheardthatweshouldgetmoresleep.Therealitiesoflifeoftenmakeitbecome"weshouldgetmoresleeplater." 36 TheresultisthatyouwakeupthenextdayfeelinglikearoleofTheWalkingDead.Herearefourwaysyoucanadjustyourbiologyinordertopaylessforstayingup.●Movearound.Exercisingbeforebedisasurewaytokeepawake.That'swhyyoushouldn'tdoitwhenyouwanttogotosleep,anditisalsowhyhittingthegym,orevensomefastpush-upscantellyourbodythatit'snottimeforbed. Beingphysicallyexhaustedisn'tfunwhenyouaretryingtostayup-8-late. 37●Eatmoreprotein.Fewpeoplethinkaboutthefactthatthebrainandbodyusealotmoreenergywhenwe'reawake.Ifyouarepullinganall-nighter,you'regoingtoneedalotmorefoodthanyouareusedtoeating. 38 Tostayawake,plantoeatlargermealsthannormalandtoeatthemmorefrequently.●Drinktherightstuff.It'stempting(诱人)toswitchtosugarycaffeinedrinkslikeRedBull,butthesugarwillleadtoacrash.Instead,ifyouwanttousecaffeine,drinkearlyintheeveningsoit'llwearoffbythetimeyouwanttosleep.39 Don'tmakeitworsebydrinkingsugar.● 40Turnthelightsdownatnightbecausebrightlightskeepyouawake.Forthreeorfourhoursafteryou'reexposedtobrightwhitelight,yourbodywon'tmakemelatonin,amustfordeepsleep.Youwillsleepbetterifyouturnthelightsalittlebitdown.A．Turnthelightsoff.B．Avoidbrightlights.C．Justdoenoughtogetenergetic.D．Andyourbodycanneverbearsomethinglikethat.E.Yourbraincanuseupto25percentofyourtotalcalories.F.Whenyoustayuplate,yourbloodsugarbecomesabnormal.G.Thereiseithermoreworktobedone,ormorefuntobehad,orboth.第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onewintertermduringcollege,Itookahistoryclasstocompletearequirement.Theprofessorfortheclasswasa 41 fellowwithredhair.Hewalked42intotheroomwearinghishooded(带帽的)wintercoat,noteven 43 thehoodduringthelecture.Hewasterriblyillateasewiththeclassand44hishead hardlylookingupthroughhisglassesathisstudents.Feelingboredandsleepy,Idecidedto 45 alittlegameformyself.Itriedtofindsomethinginhislecturetoaskhimsomeintelligentquestionsto 46 metopayattentionratherthanlettingmyeyesclose.Hewassurprisedbutobviously 47 tohavequestionstoanswer.Infact,hisanswerswerealways48.Icontinuedtodothiseverydayduringthecourseandfoundmyselfactuallyenjoyingthe49.Theprofessorseemedtobecomeabitmore 50 andsomeoftheotherstudentseven 51 fromtimetotime.Mylittlegamehadsavedmefrombeingbored,asitwas 52 todo.And,Ilearnedquiteabitaboutancientworldhistory.Exceptforallofhisstrange__53 ,hewasindeedquiteanexpertinhisfield.Onthelastdayofhisclass,wegatheredour 54 andheadedforthedoor.Theshy,red-hairedprofessor 55 directlyinfrontofme,withobvious56,andputouthishandasIreachedthedoor.Hesaid,“Iwanttothankyouformakingthisclasssointeresting.”Heshookmyhandand 57 forthefirsttime,Iwasso58.Tome,ithadbeenapleasantwayto 59 the-8-time.Ihadnoideathatallofmyquestionaskingcan 60 himortheothersatall.Eachofus,throughthethingswesayanddo,canhaveagreateffectnotjustonourownexperiences,butthoseofothers.41. A．patient B． fashionable C．proud D．strange 42.A．heavily B．shyly C．calmlyD．slowly 43. A．cleaning B．noticing C．removingD．wearing 44. A．lowered B．shook C．raised D．turned 45.A.playedB.continuedCcreatedDbought46. A.remind B．force C．allow D．Teach47.Apleased BannoyedCunwillingDdisappointed48.AsimpleBridiculousCinterestingDimportant49.AexperimentBdiscussionCscheduleDsubject50.AhumorousBrelaxedCseriousDconsiderate51.AtalkedbackBwentawayCjoinedinDagreedwith52AdesignedBallowedCdecidedDforbidden53AexplanationBbehaviorChobbyDattitude54AdesksBfriendsCbooksDclothes55AsteppedBwaitedCfellDrushed56A.effortBcuriosityCanxietyDanger57AregrettedBsmiledCcriedDapologized58AworriedBsatisfiedCmovedDsurprised59AarrangeBspareCwasteDpass60AhurtBguideCaffectDsave第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。61MydaughterPeytonwas7,shedecidedtobea“ChangeBandit(强盗)”fortheDukeChildren’sHospitalannualdonation,becausesheenjoyed__62__(raise)moneytohelpthesickchildreninthehospital.Oneyearlater,shedecidedtoraisemoneyforthehospitalagain,usingherbirthdaypartyas63fundraiser.Soshewouldrather64（receive）donationsforthehospitalthanbirthdaypresents.Atlast,sheraisedmorethan$200anddonated65.Todaysheinspiredme66(become)more“green”andgenerousbychanginganemptyapplejuicebottle67apiggybanktoraisemoneyforthehospital.soIusedablackmarkertomakesomemarksonthesideofthecontainersothatwe68measureourprogress.Infact,itwouldbenaturalanddifficultformetosavemoneyformyownfamily,butwhatPeytonrequiredmetodowasthe69(opposite).Anyway,IfeelhumbleandgratefultobeaparentofayoungpersonlikePeyon70remindsmetokeepmyheartopen,evenintroublingtimes第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;-8-2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Todayanyonecanenjoyaluxuryofowningaprivatecar--ifhecanaffordone.Andbeabletoaffordit,youhavefirstofalltopayforafiveorsixfiguresumstobuyamachine.EventhetoylikeFiat(菲亚特）coatsanythinglike20,000yuan.Somegoodcarswillcosthundredsoftimesthatmany.Buthoweverlargethisinitialsumyouhavetopay,therealdrainonyourpursehavenotcome,intherunningandmaintenanceofthemachine--thevarioustaxes,thefuel,orofcoursetherepairs.Thelastitemespecialisabottomlesstrap.Anysinglerepairmaycosthimthousands.VI书面表达(共25分)假定你是李华，你的一位美国朋友Jane在北京学习中文两年，即将回国。现在由你给她发E-mail，邀请她参加为她举办的欢送会，要点如下：(1)祝贺她顺利通过考试，她的学习进步很大，为她骄傲;(2)感谢她帮助你们学习英语;(3)时间：星期六晚六点;(4)地点：阳光俱乐部(TheSunClub)302房间;注意：(1)必须包括以上主要内容，可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯;(2)词数：100词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。(3)参考词汇：欢送会farewellpartyDearJane,Congratulationsonyourpassingalltheexams.-8-2022-2022学年度下学期高一年级选拔性考试英语学科试题答案67into68could69opposite70who改错：1a---the2and后加to3payfor中的去掉4sums---sum5anything----something6many---much7have—has8or—and9especial---especially10him---you作文写作表达25分范文二DearJane,-8-
