2021届上海市高三秋考押题英语密卷06II.GrammarandVocabulary(20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheUnitedStatesofAmerica(commonly____1____(refer)toastheUnitedStates,theU.S.,theUSA,theStatesorAmerica)isafederalconstitutionalrepubliccomprisingfiftystatesandafederaldistrict.ThecountryissituatedmostlyincentralNorthAmerica,____2____itsforty-eightcontiguousstatesandWashington,D.C.,thecapitaldistrict,lie____3____thePacificandAtlanticOceans,borderedbyCanadatothenorthandMexicotothesouth.ThestateofAlaskaisinthenorthwestofthecontinent,withCanadatoitseastandRussiatothewestacrosstheBeringStrait.At3.79millionsquaremiles(9.83millionkm²)andwithmorethan300millionpeople,theUnitedStatesisthethirdorfourth____4____(large)countrybytotalarea,andthirdlargestbylandareaandbypopulation.TheUnitedStatesisoneoftheworld'smostethnicallydiverseandmulticulturalnations,theproductoflarge-scaleimmigrationfrommanycountries.TheU.S.economyisthelargestnationaleconomyintheworld,withanestimated2008grossdomesticproduct(GDP)ofUS$14.3trillion.ThenationwasfoundedbythirteencoloniesofGreatBritainlocatedalongtheAtlanticseaboard.OnJuly4,1776,theyissuedtheDeclarationofIndependence,____5____proclaimedtheirindependencefromGreatBritainandtheirformationofacooperativeunion.Therebelliousstates____6____(defeat)GreatBritainintheAmericanRevolutionaryWar,thefirstsuccessfulcolonialwarofindependence.AfederalconventionadoptedthecurrentUnitedStatesConstitutiononSeptember17,1787;itsratificationthe____7____(follow)yearmadethestatespartofasinglerepublicwithastrongcentralgovernment.TheBillofRights,comprisingtenconstitutionalamendmentsguaranteeingmanyfundamentalcivilrightsandfreedoms,wasratifiedin1791.Inthe19thcentury,theUnitedStatesacquiredlandfromFrance,Spain,theUnitedKingdom,Mexico,andRussia,andannexedtheRepublicofTexasandtheRepublicofHawaii.DisputesbetweentheagrarianSouthandindustrialNorthoverstates’rightsandtheexpansionoftheinstitutionofslaveryprovokedtheAmericanCivilWarofthe1860s.TheNorth'svictorypreventedapermanentsplitofthecountryandled____8____theendoflegalslaveryintheUnitedStates.Bythe1870s,___9___nationaleconomywastheworld'slargest.TheSpanish–AmericanWarandWorldWarIconfirmedthecountry'sstatusasamilitarypower.In1945,theUnitedStatesemergedfromWorld,WarIIasthefirstcountry_____10_____(have)weapons,apermanentmemberoftheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncil,andafoundingmemberofNATO.TheendoftheColdWarlefttheUnitedStatesasthesolesuperpower.Thecountryaccountsforapproximately50%ofglobalmilitaryspendingandisaleadingeconomic,political,andculturalforceintheworld.【答案】1.referred2.where3.between4.largest5.which6.defeated7.following8.to9.the10.tohave【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的一些基本情况以及发展历史。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：美利坚合众国（通常被称为theUnitedStates，theU.S.，theUSA，theStatesorAmerica）是一个联邦宪法共和国，包括五十个州和一个联邦地区。分析句子结构可知refer在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语TheUnitedStatesofAmerica构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填referred。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个国家大部分位于北美中部，48个相邻的州和首都华盛顿特区位于太平洋和大西洋之间，北与加拿大接壤，南与墨西哥接壤。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词country，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。【3题详解】考查介词。句意：这个国家大部分位于北美中部，48个相邻的州和首都华盛顿特区位于太平洋和大西洋之间，北与加拿大接壤，南与墨西哥接壤。结合句意表示“在……之间”短语为between…and…。故填between。【4题详解】考查最高级。句意：美国面积379万平方英里（983万平方公里），人口超过3亿，按总面积计算是世界第三或第四大国家，按陆地面积和人口计算是世界第三大国家。结合句意表示“世界第三大”应用最高级largest。故填largest。【5题详解】考查定语从句。句意：1776年7月4,日，他们发表了《独立宣言》，宣布他们脱离英国独立，并组成一个合作联盟。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词theDeclarationofIndependence，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。【6题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些反叛的国家在美国独立战争中打败了英国，这是第一次成功的殖民地独立战争。描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故填defeated。【7题详解】考查形容词。句意：1787年9月17日，联邦会议通过了现行的美国宪法；它在第二年获得批准，使各州成为拥有强大中央政府的单一共和国的一部分。修饰后文名词year应用形容词following，作定语。故填following。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：北方的胜利阻止了这个国家的永久分裂，并导致了美国合法奴隶制的终结。结合句意表示“导致”可知短语为leadto。故填to。【9题详解】考查冠词。句意：到19世纪70年代，美国的国民经济是世界上最大的。此处特指美国经济应用定冠词the。故填the。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1945年，美国从第二次世界大战中崛起，成为第一个拥有武器的国家，是联合国安理会常任理事国，也是北约的创始成员国。此处名词country由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填tohave。SectionBDirections:CompletethepassagewiththewordsintheboxEachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.catch-up；B.substitute；C.advance；D.committed；E.exhausted；F.multitask；G.transferred；H.maintaining；I.commenting；K.challenge；J.embraceMyfriendHaleycalledmetheotherday.Shehadn'ttextedmein___11___to“findatime“tochat.NordidwehaveaZoomdateonthecalendar.Shejustupandcalledmeunannounced.Itwasthrilling,thisunscheduled,spontaneousconversationwithoutapurposeortheweightofaformal____12____.Itfeltlikewheelingovertosomeoneintheofficetohearajoke.Iwasremindedofthatlargerorbitoffriendshipsoutsidetheinnercoreofthosewestillseeinperson,usually,becausewelivewiththem.Thinkaboutallthoserelationshipsoncesustainedbyserendipityandproximity,nowstarvedbyayearofsocialdistancing.Inwhatmaybetheworld'slargestsociologicalexperiment,manyofushavehadtorelyalmostcompletelyontechnologytotendtheseconnections.WenowhaveawholenewcadreofAppointmentFriendships.Andevenwith____13____scheduling,it'snotreallyenough.ArecentstudyfromresearchersattheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas,confirmswhatwenowknowinour____14____hearts:videocalls,texts,socialmedia,evenphonecallsareagreatsupplementtoface-to-faceinteractions,buttheyaren'ta(n)____15____.Contrarytowhatyoumightexpect,themoresophisticatedthetechnology,thelessitsatisfiesourneedforconnection.Researchersreportedthatthehumblephonecallwasassociatedwithdecreasesinstressloneliness,andrelationshipdifficulties.Meanwhile,videochatswereassociatedwithincreasedstress,loneliness,anddifficultiesin____16____.Igetit,we’relessself-consciousonthephone,andyoucan____17____andtalk—maybefoldlaundryoreatorboth.Withvideo,thatuncannyvalleyofalmostbeingtheretendstomakeyoulongfortherealthing.TheUNLVresearchersalsoreportedthatsocialmediaposting,____18____andsharingwasthe“modalitymoststronglyassociatedwithstress.“NooneislesssurprisedaboutallthisthanSherryTurkle,aclinicalpsychologistatM.I.T.She'sbeenstudyinghowtechnologyaffectsourcapacityforempathyandconnectionsincethefirstApplecomputershowedupwithasmileyface,reportingherfindingsintwoseminalbooks“ReclaimingConversation”and“AloneTogether.”WhenIspoketoherafewweeksago,she’djustpublishedhermemoir,“TheEmpathyDiaries,”whichisaboutbecomingoneofveryfewwomenatM.I.T.andonewhowaswillingto____19____theenduringgospeloftheengineeringuniverse:thattechnologywouldsolvetheproblemsitcaused.Turklefinishedworkingonthisbookduringpandemicshutdowns,whichwereakintoareal-worldtestofherlife'swork.Shewrites:Inthecrucibleofenforcedisolation,weexploredthelimitsofwhereourscreenscantakeusastechnologybecameourlifeline,werealizedhowmuchwemissedthefull___20___ofthehuman.【答案】11.C12.A13.D14.E15.B16.H17.F18.I19.K20.J,【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文中作者主要讨论了如今现代交流技术对人们社交关系的影响。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：她没有提前给我发短信，让我“找个时间”聊天。结合句意表示“提前”可知，短语为inadvance。故填advance。故选C。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：这是令人激动的，没有计划的，自发的谈话，没有目的，也没有正式交谈的分量。空处作宾语，结合句意表示“正式交谈”应填名词catch-up，冠词a提示用单数。故填catch-up。故选A。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：即使有固定的日程安排，这也不够。修饰后文名词scheduling，结合句意表示“固定的”，应用形容词committed，作定语。故填committed。故选D。14题详解】考查形容词。句意：拉斯维加斯内华达大学的研究人员最近的一项研究证实了我们现在在疲惫的心中所知道的事情：视频通话、短信、社交媒体，甚至电话都是面对面交流的很好的补充，但它们不是替代品。修饰后文名词hearts，结合句意表示“疲惫的”，应用形容词exhausted，作定语。故填exhausted。故选E。【15题详解】考查名词。句意：拉斯维加斯内华达大学的研究人员最近的一项研究证实了我们现在在疲惫的心中所知道的事情：视频通话、短信、社交媒体，甚至电话都是面对面交流的很好的补充，但它们不是替代品。空处作表语，表示“替代品”，应用名词substitute，冠词提示用单数。故填substitute。故选B。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，视频聊天会增加压力、孤独感和维持关系的困难。空处动名词作宾语，表示“维持”，应用maintaining。故填maintaining。故选H。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：我明白了，我们在打电话时不那么忸忸作样，你可以同时做多件事和说话——也许叠衣服或吃东西，或者两者兼而有之。结合句意表示“多任务化”，应填动词multitask，作谓语，且can后跟动词原形。故填multitask。故选F。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：拉斯维加斯大学的研究人员还报告称，在社交媒体上发帖、评论和分享是“与压力最密切相关的方式”。结合句意表示“评论”应用动词comment，且结合前后文posting与sharing可知，应用动词-ing形式。故填commenting。故选I。【19题详解】,考查动词。句意：当我几周前与她交谈时，她刚刚出版了回忆录《同理心日记》，这本书讲述的是她成为麻省理工学院为数不多的女性之一，并愿意挑战工程学领域经久不衰的信条：技术可以解决它造成的问题。结合句意表示“挑战”，应用动词challenge，且此处为bewillingtodosth.，应填动词原形。故填challenge。故选K。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：在强制隔离的严峻考验中，随着科技成为我们的生命线，我们探索了屏幕的极限，我们意识到我们多么错过了与人类的全面拥抱。结合句意表示“拥抱”，应用名词embrace，作宾语，此处为特指应用单数形式。故填embrace。故选J。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.TodayweliveinaworldwhereGPSsystems,digitalmaps,andothernavigationappsareavailableonoursmartphones.______ofusjustwalkstraightintothewoodswithoutaphone.Butphones___22___onbatteries,andbatteriescandiefasterthanwerealize.Ifyougetlostwithoutaphoneoracompass,andyou___23___can’tfindnorth,afewtrickstohelpyounavigate___24___tocivilization,oneofwhichistofollowtheland...Whenyoufindyourselfwell___25___atrail,butnotinacompletely___26___area,youhavetoanswertwoquestions:Which___27___isdownhill,inthisparticulararea?Andwhereisthenearestwatersource?Humansoverwhelminglyliveinvalleys,andonsuppliesoffreshwater.___28___,ifyouheaddownhill,andfollowanyH2Oyoufind,youshould___29___seesignsofpeople.Ifyou’veexploredtheareabefore,keepaneyeoutforfamiliarsights—youmaybe____30____howquicklyidentifyingadistinctiverockortreecanrestoreyourbearings.Another____31____:Climbhighandlookforsignsofhumanhabitation.____32____,evenindenseforest,youshouldbeableto____33____gapsinthetreelineduetoroads,traintracks,andotherpathspeoplecarvethroughthewoods.Headtowardthesebreakstofindawayout.Atnight,scanthehorizonforartificiallightsources,suchasfiresandstreetlights,thenwalktowardtheglowoflightpollution.Finally,assumingyou’relostinanareahumanstendtofrequent,lookforthe____34____weleaveonthelandscape.Trailblazes,tiretracks,andotherfeaturescan____35____youtocivilization..A.SomeB.MostC.FewD.All22.A.putB.takeC.runD.come,23.A.formallyB.relativelyC.graduallyD.literally24.A.backB.nextC.aroundD.away25.A.ontoB.offC.acrossD.alone26.A.unattractiveB.uncrowdedC.unchangedD.unfamiliar27.A.siteB.pointC.wayD.place28.A.SoB.YetC.InsteadD.Besides29.A.immediatelyB.intentionallyC.unexpectedlyD.eventually30.A.surprisedB.annoyedC.frightenedD.confused31.A.problemB.optionC.viewD.result32.A.AboveallB.IncontrastC.OnaverageD.Forexample33.A.bridgeB.avoidC.spotD.separate34.A.memoriesB.marksC.notesD.belongings35.A.restrictB.adoptC.leadD.expose【答案】.C22.C23.D24.A25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如果你没有带手机或指南针的情况下迷路，如何返回到文明世界。【题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们中很少有人不带电话就直接走进树林。A.Some一些；B.Most大多数；C.Few很少；D.All所有。根据“TodayweliveinaworldwhereGPSsystems,digitalmaps,andothernavigationappsareavailableonoursmartphones.”可知，现在很少有人不带电话就直接走进树林。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但手机是靠电池运行的，而电池的耗电速度比我们想象的要快。A.put放；B.take带走；C.run跑，运行；D.come来。runonbattery表示手机使用电池得以运行。根据“andbatteriescandiefasterthanwerealize.”和常识可知，手机使用电池得以运行。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你迷路了，没有手机或指南针，你真的找不到北方，有一些技巧可以帮助你导航回到文明世界，其中之一就是沿着陆地走……A.formally正式地；B.relatively相对地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.literally确实地。根据“Ifyougetlostwithoutaphoneoracompass,”可知，由于没有手机或指南针而真的找不到北方。故选D。,【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你迷路了，没有手机或指南针，你真的找不到北方，有一些技巧可以帮助你导航回到文明世界，其中之一就是沿着陆地走……A.back向后地；B.next其次；C.around周围；D.away远离。根据“Ifyougetlost”可知，这里与lost相对应，即从迷路回到文明世界。故选A。【25题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：当你发现自己已经离开了一条小路，但又不是在一个完全陌生的地方，你必须回答两个问题：在这个特定的地方，哪条路是下坡的?A.onto在……之上；B.off离开；C.across穿过；D.alone独自地。根据“butnotinacompletely___6___area,”可知，这里指离开一条小路到另外一个地方。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你发现自己已经离开了一条小路，但又不是在一个完全陌生的地方，你必须回答两个问题：在这个特定的地方，哪条路是下坡的?A.unattractive不吸引人的；B.uncrowded不拥挤的；C.unchanged未改变的；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据“Whenyoufindyourselfwell___5___atrail,”可知，离开一条小路到了不熟悉的的地方。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你发现自己已经离开了一条小路，但又不是在一个完全陌生的地方，你必须回答两个问题：在这个特定的地方，哪条路是下坡的?A.site地点；B.point要点；C.way道路；D.place地方。根据“inthisparticulararea?Andwhereisthenearestwatersource?”两个问题可知，这里是选择哪条路。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你下山，顺着你找到的水，你最终会看到有人的迹象。A.So因此；B.Yet然而；C.Instead反而；D.Besides此外。根据“Humansoverwhelminglyliveinvalleys,andonsuppliesoffreshwater.”可知，前后句之间为因果关系。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以，如果你下山，顺着你找到的水，你最终会看到有人的迹象。A.immediately立即；B.intentionally故意地；C.unexpectedly出乎意料地；D.eventually最终。根据“ifyouheaddownhill,andfollowanyH2Oyoufind,”可知，顺着找到的水，最终会看到有人的迹象。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你以前在这个地区探险过，留意一下熟悉的景象——你可能会惊讶地发现，辨认出独特的岩石或树木能如此迅速地恢复你的方位。A.surprised惊讶的；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.frightened害怕的；D.confused困惑的。根据“Ifyou’veexploredtheareabefore,keepaneyeoutforfamiliarsights”可知，能够辨认出独特的岩石或树木能如此迅速地恢复你的方位会让你感到惊讶。故选A。,【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个选择：爬到高处，寻找人类居住的迹象。A.problem问题；B.option选择；C.view观点；D.result结果。根据“Climbhighandlookforsignsofhumanhabitation.”可知，还可以有另一个选择。故选B。【32题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：例如，即使在茂密的森林中，你也应该能够发现由于道路、火车轨道和人们在森林中开辟的其他路径而造成的树线间隙。A.Aboveall首先；B.Incontrast相比之下；C.Onaverage平均；D.Forexample例如。根据“Climbhighandlookforsignsofhumanhabitation.”和后文可知，后文为举的具体的例子。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，即使在茂密的森林中，你也应该能够发现由于道路、火车轨道和人们在森林中开辟的其他路径而造成的树线间隙。A.bridge架桥；B.avoid避免；C.spot发现；D.separate分开。根据“gapsinthetreelineduetoroads,traintracks,andotherpathspeoplecarvethroughthewoods.”可知，这里为所发现的内容。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，假设你在人类经常出没的地方迷路了，找找我们在这片土地上留下的标记。A.memories记忆；B.marks标记；C.notes笔记；D.belongings所有物。根据“weleaveonthelandscape.”可知，寻找以前迷路人在在这片土地上留下的标记。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：道路上的树皮刻痕、轮胎痕迹和其他特征可以引导你进入文明世界。A.restrict限制；B.adopt采用；C.lead带领；D.expose揭露。根据“Trailblazes,tiretracks,andotherfeatures”可知，这些标记可以引导你进入文明世界。故选C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread(A)WhymakeafilmaboutNedKelly?MoreingeniouscrimethanthosecommittedbytherecklessAustralianbanditarereportedveryday.WhatisthereinNedKellytojustifydraggingthemesmericMickJaggersofarintotheAustralianbushandawayfromhisnaturalhaunts?Theansweristhatthefilmmakersknowwealwaysfallforabandit,andJaggerissettodoforboldNedKellywhatBrandooncedidforthearrogantEmilianoZapata.,Thebanditinhabitsaspecialrealmoflegendwherehisdeedsareembroideredbyothers;wherehisdeathratherthanhislifeisconsideredbeyondbelief;wherethemenwhobringhimto“justice”areafflictedwithdoubtsabouttheirrole.Thebanditshadaroletoplayasdefiniteasthatoftheauthoritieswhocondemnedthem.Theseweremeninconflictwithauthority,and,intheabsenceofstronglawortheideaofloyalopposition,theytooktothehills.Eventhere,however,manyofthemobeyedcertainunwrittenrules.Thererobbers,whoclaimedtobesomethingmorethanmerethieves,hadincommon,firstly,asenseofloyaltyandidentitywiththepeasantstheycamefrom.Theydidn’tstealthepeasant’sharvest;theydidstealthelord’s.Andcertaincharacteristicsseemtoapplyto“socialbandits”whethertheywereinSicilyorPeru.Theyweregenerallyyoungmenundertheageofmarriage,predictablythebestagefordissidence.Someweresimplythesurplusmalepopulationwhohadtolookforanothersourceofincome;otherswererunwayserfsorex-soldiers;aminority,thoughthemostinteresting,wereoutstandingmenwhowereunwillingtoacceptthemeekandpassiveroleofpeasant.Theyusuallyoperatedinbandsbetweentenandtwentystrongandreliedforsurvivalondifficultterrainandbadtransport.Andbanditsproposedbestwhereauthoritywasmerelylocal—overthenexthillandtheywerefree.Unlikethegeneralrunofpeasantrytheyhadatasteforflamboyantdressandgesture;buttheyusuallysharedthepeasants’religiousbeliefsandsuperstitions.ThefirstsignofamancaughtupintheRobinHoodsyndromewaswhenhestartedout,forcedintooutlawryasavictimofinjustice;andwhenhethensetoutto“rightwrongs”,firsthisownandthenotherpeople’s.Theclassicbanditthen“takefromtherichandgivestothepoor”inconformitywithhisownsenseofsocialjustice;heneverkillsexceptinself-defenseorjustifiableplace;hispeopleadmireandhelptoprotecthim;hediesthroughthetreasonofoneofthem;hebehavesasofinvisibleandinvulnerable;heisa“loyalist”,nevertheenemyofthekingbutonlyofthelocaloppressors.Noneofthebanditslivedupfullytothisimageofthe“noblerobber”andformanytheclaimoflargermotiveswasoftenadelusion.Yetamazingly,manyoftheseviolentmendidbehaveatleasthalfthetimeinaccordancewiththisidealistpattern.PanchoVillainMexicoandSalvatoreGiulianoinItalybegantheircareersharshlyvictimized.Manyoftheircharitableactslaterbecamelegends.Thebanditintherealworldisrootedinpeasantsocietyandwhenitssimpleagriculturalsystemisleftbehindsoishe.Butthetalesandlegends,thebooksandfilmscontinuetoappearforanaudiencethatisneitherpeasantnorbandit.Insomewaysthecharactersanddeedsofthegreatbanditscouldsoreadilybethestuffofgrandopera—Don,Joseon“Carmen”isbasedontheAndalusianbanditElEmpranillo.Buttheyareperhapsmoreathomeinfolksongs,inpopulartalesandtheritualdramasoffilms.WhenwesitinthedarknessofthecinematowatchthebolddeedsofNedKellywearecaughtupinadmirationfortheirstrongindividuality,theirsimplegestureofprotest,theirpassionforjusticeandtheirconfidencethattheycannotbebeaten.Thissustainsusnearlyasmuchasitdidthealmosthopelesspeoplefromwhomtheysprang.36.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTintendedtosuggestapprovalofbandits?A.Bold(Para.1).B.Claimed(Para.4).C.Legend(Para.2).D.Loyalty(Para.4).37.OfthefollowingreasonswhichistheLEASTlikelyoneforbecomingbandits?A.Theylikedtheatricalclothesandbehavior.B.Theywantedtohelpthepoorcountryfolk.C.Theywereunwillingtoacceptinjustice.D.Theyhadveryfewcareersopentothem.38.“…begantheircareersharshlyvictimized”(Par.9)meansthatthey_____.A.hadreceivedexcessiveill-treatmentB.wereseverelypunishedfortheircrimesC.tooktoviolencethroughasenseofinjusticeD.weremisunderstoodbytheirparentsandfriends39.Whathasmadebanditssuitableasfilmheroesisthatthey_____.A.aresuretheyareinvincibleBpossessatheatricalqualityC.retainthevirtuesofapeasantsocietyD.protestagainstinjusticeandinequality【答案】36.B37.A38.C39.D【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章讨论了电影制片人把土匪作为电影主角的原因。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Theserobbers,whoclaimedtobesomethingmorethanmerethieves...(这些强盗，他们声称自己不仅仅是小偷)”可知，claim,意为“声称，宣称”，是中性词，无法表示对土匪的认可，故选B；由第一段最后一句中的“thefilmmakersknowwealwaysfallforabandit(电影制作人知道我们总是喜欢绿林好汉)”可知，“JaggerissettodoforboldNedKellywhatBrandooncedidforthearrogantEmilianoZapata(白兰度曾为傲慢的EmilianoZapata做过的事，如今贾格尔也准备好为大胆的内德·凯利这么做。)”中的bold在这里是褒义，表示土匪内德·凯利的“大胆”，因此排除A；第二段第一个分句指出土匪生活在一个特殊的legend王国，紧接着三个where引导的并列定语从句修饰realmoflegend，根据从句的句意可知,legend意为“传奇”，是褒义，表示对土匪的认可，故排除C；第四段第一句提到“Thererobbers,whoclaimedtobesomethingmorethanmerethieves,hadincommon,firstly,asenseofloyaltyandidentitywiththepeasantstheycamefrom.(这些强盗，声称自己不仅仅是小偷，有共同之处，他们首先对自己出身的阶级——农民，拥有忠诚感和认同感。)”该句表明这些强盗对农民拥有共同的忠诚感和认同感，紧接着第二句进一步解释了这种忠诚感是指他们偷走的是贵族而不是农民的收成,由此可知,loyalty为褒义，故排除D。故选B项。【37题详解】细节理解题。第六段最后一句“Unlikethegeneralrunofpeasantrytheyhadatasteforflamboyantdressandgesture;buttheyusuallysharedthepeasants’religiousbeliefsandsuperstitions.(不像普通的农民，他们喜欢派头十足的衣服和姿态，但他们通常拥有和农民相同的宗教信仰和迷信。)”可知，不像普通的农民，土匪喜欢派头十足的衣服和姿态，说明了土匪和普通农民的区别，而不是人们成为土匪的原因，故选A项。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据第九段第一句“Yetamazingly,manyoftheseviolentmendidbehaveatleasthalfthetimeinaccordancewiththisidealistpattern.(然而，令人吃惊的是，这些暴力分子中有许多人至少一半时间的确是在按照这种理想主义模式行事。)”提到这些暴力分子中有许多人至少半数时间的确是在按照这种理想主义模式行事，紧接着第二句“PanchoVillainMexicoandSalvatoreGiulianoinItalybegantheircareersharshlyvictimized.Manyoftheircharitableactslaterbecamelegends.(墨西哥的潘丘·维拉和意大利的萨尔瓦托·袭连诺由于遭受残酷迫害而开始他们的职业生涯。他们的许多慈善行为后来成为传奇。)”指出墨西哥的潘丘·维拉和意大利的萨瓦托·裘连诺“begantheircareersharshlyvictimized”，由此可知第二句是以潘丘·维拉和萨尔瓦托·裘连诺为例说明这些暴力分子是在按照这种理想主义模式行事,也就是说潘丘·维拉和萨尔瓦托·袭连诺开始从事的是暴力事业，即tooktoviolence，而上文第七段具体说明了这种理想主义模式，其中第一句“ThefirstsignofamancaughtupintheRobinHoodsyndromewaswhenhestartedout,forcedintooutlawryasavictimofinjustice(人们染上罗宾汉综合征的第一个迹象是，他刚开始时是作为不公正的受害者而被迫成为非法之徒)”指出人们刚开始时是作为不公正的受害者而被迫成为非法之徒，由此可以推断,harshlyvictimized是指潘丘·维拉和萨尔瓦托·袭连诺刚开始是由于遭受残酷迫害而感到不公正，从而成为土匪，这与C表述一致。故选C项。【39题详解】,推理判断题。第一段最后一句“Theansweristhatthefilmmakersknowwealwaysfallforabandit,andJaggerissettodoforboldNedKellywhatBrandooncedidforthearrogantEmilianoZapata.(电影制作人知道我们总是喜欢绿林好汉，白兰度曾为傲慢的埃米利亚诺，萨帕塔做过的事，如今贾格尔也准备好为大胆的内德·凯利这么做。)”可知，电影制作人将土匪作为电影主角；紧接着下文解释了原因是土匪对社会不公的反抗，“劫富济贫”，从而得到人们的钦佩，他们的慈善行为成为传奇，因此推断是土匪抗议不公正和不平等的行为让他们成为适合成为电影主角。故选D项。(B)LiteraryFestivalsacrosstheWoldLondonBookFairTime:heldannuallyinAprilforthreedaysPlace:London,U.K.TheLondonBookFairisapartoftheLondonBook&ScreenWeek.Visitorsincludeanyonewhoisinvolvedwiththecreation,distribution,saleortreatmentofcontent.Authors,talentscouts（星探）,editors,designers,anddigitalgurus（领袖人物）allwalkthefloor-----meeting,talking,observing,discovering.It’sagreatopportunitytomeetallkindsofpeople.BookExpoAmericaTime:heldannuallyonMayorJuneforfourdaysPlace:variouscitiesintheU.S.Unlikemostbookfairs,BookExpoAmericadoesn’thaveabasecity.Itmovestodifferentplaceseveryyear——mostlybigcitiessuchasNewYork,Washington,LosAnglesandChicago.ItisthelargestgatheringintheUnitedStatesoflibrarians,booksellersandindustryprofessionals,aswellasagreatplacetodiscoverthelatesttrendsintechnologywhilenetworkingwithothersinthebusiness,Gotobooksigningsessions（签书会）withyourfavoriteauthors,andparticipateinpaneldiscussionswithtopwriterswhileyouenjoybreakfast.Withhundredsofparticipatingauthors,there’slotstodo,seeandread.FrankfurtBookFairTime:heldannuallyinOctoberforaweekPlace:Frankfurt,Germany,TheFrankfurtBookFairistheworld’sbiggestandoldestbookeventwithmorethan500yearsofhistory,yetitneverstopsdevelopingwithtime.Thematictoursareprovided,duringwhichtradevisitorsandthegeneralpubliccanlearnmoreabouttheFrankfurtBookFair.Ledbyexperts,thesetopicaltourstakeinterestedgroupstostandsandotherlocationsaroundthefairthatarerelevanttospecificthemes,suchaseducations,science,kids.WithourBookFairapp,visitorshavethepossibilitytotakeatime-independent,thematictour.TokyointernationalBookFairTime:heldannuallyinSeptemberforthreedaysPlace:Tokyo,JapanBeingAsia’sleadingbookfair,theTokyoInternationalBookFairhasseveralsubcategories,includingtheNaturalSciencesBookFair,theHumanities&SocialSciencesBookFair,andtheChildren’sBook’sFair.Oneofthehighlightsoftheeventisthee-booksexpo,whichshinesaspotlightonthefactthatpeople’sreadinghabitsareswitchingfromprintedbookstodigitalbooks.Besidesbookproducts,theneweste-learningsoftwareanddigitaltechnologiesarealsopresented.40.HowisBookExpoAmericadifferentfromtheotherthreebookfairs?A.Itisheldindifferentcitieseveryyear.B.Itattractsmanyfamouswriters.CItdisplaysthelatesttrendsintechnology.D.Itisthelongestannualbookfair.41.Whichbookfairproviderstoursofspecificthemes?A.TheLondonBookFair.B.BookExpoAmerica.C.TheFrankfurtBookFair.D.TheTokyoInternationalBookFair.42.WhatdoweknowabouttheTokyoInternationalBookFair?A.ItisthemostpopularbookfairinAsia.B.Itisagreatplacefore-booklovers.C.Itmainlyfocusesonnaturalsciencebooks.,D.Itmainlydisplaysprintedbooksforschools.【答案】40.A41.C42.B【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告。文章介绍了世界各地的文学节。【40题详解】A.细节理解题。根据BookExpoAmerica中“Unlikemostbookfairs,BookexpoAmericadoesn'thaveabasecity.Itmovestodifferentplaceseveryyear.”（美国书展与其它三个书展不同的是它每年在不同的城市举行而其它书展在同一城市举行。）A.Itisheldindifferentcitieseveryyear.(美国书展每年在不同的城市举行）。由此可知A符合语境。故选A。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据FrankfurtBookFair中“Ledbyexperts,thesetopicaltourstakeinterestedgroupstostandsandotherlocationsaroundthefairthatarerelevanttospecificthemes,”可知，TheFrankfurtBookFair提供特定主题的参观。故选C。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据TokyoInternationalBookFair中“Oneofthehighlightsoftheeventisthee-booksexpo,whichshinesaspotlightonthefactthatpeople'sreadinghabitsareswitchingfromprintedbookstodigitalbooks.”可知，theTokyoInternationalBookFair是电子书爱好者的好去处。故选B。(C)Foryears,theU.S.hasexperiencedashortageofregisterednurses.TheBureauofLaborStatisticsprojectsthatwhilethenumberofnurseswillincreaseby19percentby2022,demandwillgrowfasterthansupply,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobsbythen.Sowhat'sthesolution?Robots.Japanisaheadofthecurvewhenitcomestothistrend.ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcanmakehospitalrounds,delivermedicationsandotheritems,andretrieverecords.Itfollowsaspecificindividual,suchasadoctorornurse,whocanuseittorecordandaccesspatientdata.Thistypeofrobotwilllikelybeoneofthefirsttobeimplementedinhospitalsbecauseithasfairlyminimalpatientcontact.Robotscapableofsocialengagementhelpwithlonelinessaswellascognitivefunctioning,buttherobotitselfdoesn'thavetoengagedirectly—itcanserveasanintermediaryforhumancommunication.TelepresencerobotssuchasMantaroBot,Vgo,andGiraffcanbecontrolledthroughacomputer,smartphone,ortablet,allowingfamilymembersordoctorstoremotelymonitorpatientsorSkypethem,oftenviaascreenwheretherobot's'face'wouldbe.,Ifyoucan'tgettothenursinghometovisitgrandma,youcanuseatelepresencerobottohangoutwithher.A2016studyfoundthatusershada"consistentlypositiveattitude"abouttheGiraffrobot'sabilitytoenhancecommunicationanddecreasefeelingsofloneliness.Arobot'sappearanceaffectsitsabilitytosuccessfullyinteractwithhumans,whichiswhytheRIKEN-TRICollaborationCenterforHuman-InteractiveRobotResearchdecidedtodeveloparoboticnursethatlookslikeahugeteddybear.RIBA(RobotforInteractiveBodyAssistance),alsoknownas‘Robear',canhelppatientsintoandoutofwheelchairsandbedswithitsstrongarms.It'simportanttonotethatroboticnursesdon'tdecidecoursesoftreatmentormakediagnoses(thoughrobotdoctorsandsurgeonsmaynotbefaroff).Instead,theyperformroutineandlaborioustasks,freeingnursesuptoattendtopatientswithimmediateneeds.Thisisoneindustrywhereitseemstheintegrationofrobotswillleadtocollaboration,notreplacement.43.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutJapan?A.Itdeliversthebestmedicationsfortheelderly.B.Ittakestheleadinprovidingroboticcare.C.Itprovidesretrainingforregisterednurses.D.Itsetsthetrendinfutureroboticstechnology.44.WhatdowelearnabouttherobotTerapio?A.IthasbeenputtouseinmanyJapanesehospitals.B.Itprovidesspecificindividualizedcaretopatients.C.Itdoesnothavemuchdirectcontactwithpatients.D.IthasnotrevolutionizedmedicalserviceinJapan.45.Whataretelepresencerobotsdesignedtodo?A.Directlyinteractwithpatientstopreventthemfromfeelinglonely.B.Catertotheneedsofpatientsforrecoveringtheircognitivecapacity.C.Closelymonitorthepatients'movementsandconditionsaroundtheclock.D.Facilitatecommunicationbetweenpatientsanddoctorsorfamilymembers.46.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Doctorsandsurgeonswillsoonbelaidoff.B.Theroboticsindustrywillsoontakeoff.C.Robotswillnotmakenursesredundant.D.Collaborationwillnotreplacecompetition.,【答案】43.B44.C45.D46.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人护理在医疗方面的优势以及未来发展趋势。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Japanisaheadofthecurvewhenitcomestothistrend.ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcanmakehospitalrounds,delivermedicationsandotheritems,andretrieverecords.（在这一趋势方面，日本走在了前面。丰田工业大学(ToyohashiUniversityofTechnology)开发了一辆机器人医疗车Terapio，它可以巡视医院，运送药物和其他物品，并检索记录。）”可知，日本率先提供机器人护理。故选B。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Robotscapableofsocialengagementhelpwithlonelinessaswellascognitivefunctioning,buttherobotitselfdoesn'thavetoengagedirectly—itcanserveasanintermediaryforhumancommunication.（具有社会参与能力的机器人可以帮助消除孤独感和认知功能，但机器人本身并不需要直接参与——它可以作为人类交流的中介。）”可知，机器人Terapio它与病人没有太多直接接触。故选C。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TelepresencerobotssuchasMantaroBot,Vgo,andGiraffcanbecontrolledthroughacomputer,smartphone,ortablet,allowingfamilymembersordoctorstoremotelymonitorpatientsorSkypethem,oftenviaascreenwheretherobot's'face'wouldbe.（MantaroBot、Vgo和Giraff等远程呈现机器人可以通过电脑、智能手机或平板电脑进行控制，让家庭成员或医生远程监控病人或通过Skype对他们进行监控，通常是通过机器人的“脸”所在的屏幕。）”可知，远程呈现机器人被设计用来促进患者与医生或家属之间的沟通。故选D。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It'simportanttonotethatroboticnursesdon'tdecidecoursesoftreatmentormakediagnoses(thoughrobotdoctorsandsurgeonsmaynotbefaroff).Instead,theyperformroutineandlaborioustasks,freeingnursesuptoattendtopatientswithimmediateneeds.（值得注意的是，机器人护士不会决定治疗方案或做出诊断(尽管机器人医生和外科医生可能很快就会出现)。相反，他们执行日常和繁重的工作，使护士腾出时间来照顾有紧急需要的病人。）”可推断，机器人不会让护士变得多余。故选C。SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Inafewyearsyouwillbeabletoorderatranscriptofyourentiregeneticcodeforlessthan$1,000.___47___,Twodifferentuniversitylaboratorieshavedevelopedteststhatwillrevealtheentiretyofababy’sgeneticcodeusingjustabloodsamplefromthemotherplusadropofsaliva(唾液)fromthefather.Prenatal(出生前的)whole-genomesequencingwillprovidevolumesofinformationbeyondthecurrentlyavailabletestsexclusivelyforgeneticdisorderssuchasDown’ssyndromeorTay-Sachesdisease.Thethreebillionunitsofcodefurnishedinthenewtestswillalsodwarf(使…相形见的)therelativetrickle(零散)ofinformationprovidedbyconsumergene-testingservicessuchas23andMe,whichcurrentlylookonlyatperhapsaboutonemillionlocationsinthegenome.___48___Withoutcarefulplanning,thenewprenatalgeneticsmightrobachildofthechancetomakedecisionsbestleftuntiladulthood—whetherornottolearn,forinstance,ifamutation(突变)predictstheinevitabilityofHuntington’sdisease20yearshence.___49___Similarlaissezfaire(放任)actiontoprenatalwhole-genometestingcouldportend(预示)tragedy.Ultimatelycertainagencywillneedtodevelopacomprehensivepolicyonprenatalwholegenometesting.Bioethicsscholarswroteananalysislastsummerthatcallsonthemedicalcommunitytodevelopaguidetothemostrelevantgenomicdataforfutureparents.___50___Withoutaccesstoamuchhigherlevelofrefinedexpertise,thesecretsofouroffspring’sgeneticcodewillcontinuetoremainanunnervingcipher—orworse.A.Unfortunately,therearen’tnearlyenoughtrainedgeneticscounselorstohandlethecomingupsurgeindemandforthistypeofinformation.B.Adultscannotdomuchtoaltertheirbiologicallot,butwhatifparentscouldexaminetheirunbornchild’sgenome?C.Cancerhasbecomethefirstkillertheseyears.That’swhypeopletendtotakeovertreatmentwiththeknowledgeoffamilyhistory.D.AnotherfearisthatacustomerwithoutdiscussingwithgeneticscounselorcanreceiveinformationviatheInternetaboutamultifoldgreaterriskofbreastcancer.E.Anotherproblemariseswhetheritismoraltochoosetostoppregnancybecauseofthegenomeproblem.F.Attitudestowardchildrearingmightchangealongwiththenewtechnology.【答案】47.B48.F49.E50.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了产前全基因组测试技术。【47题详解】根据下文Twodifferentuniversitylaboratorieshavedevelopedteststhatwillrevealtheentiretyofababy’sgeneticcodeusingjustabloodsamplefromthemotherplusadropofsaliva(唾液)fromthefather.,（两所不同的大学实验室已经开发出一种测试方法，这种方法仅用母亲的血样和父亲的一滴唾液就能揭示婴儿全部的遗传密码）可知，用母亲的血样和父亲的一滴唾液就能揭示婴儿全部的遗传密码。由此可知，B项Adultscannotdomuchtoaltertheirbiologicallot,butwhatifparentscouldexaminetheirunbornchild’sgenome?（成年人无法改变他们的生物命运，但是如果父母可以检查他们未出生孩子的基因组呢?）符合文意。故选B。【48题详解】根据下文Withoutcarefulplanning,thenewprenatalgeneticsmightrobachildofthechancetomakedecisionsbestleftuntiladulthood—whetherornottolearn,forinstance,ifamutation(突变)predictstheinevitabilityofHuntington’sdisease20yearshence.（如果没有仔细的计划，新的产前遗传学可能会剥夺一个孩子在成年前做出决定的机会，例如，如果一个突变预测了20年后亨廷顿病的必然性，是否还需要学习）可知，F项Attitudestowardchildrearingmightchangealongwiththenewtechnology.（人们对抚养孩子的态度可能会随着新技术的发展而改变）符合文意。故选F。【49题详解】根据下文Similarlaissezfaire(放任)actiontoprenatalwhole-genometestingcouldportend(预示)tragedy.（类似于产前全基因组检测的放任政策可能预示着悲剧的发生）可知，此处讲述基因检测对妊娠产生的影响。由此可知，E项Anotherproblemariseswhetheritismoraltochoosetostoppregnancybecauseofthegenomeproblem.（另一个问题是，由于基因组问题而选择停止妊娠是否合乎道德）符合文意。故选E。【50题详解】根据下文Withoutaccesstoamuchhigherlevelofrefinedexpertise,thesecretsofouroffspring’sgeneticcodewillcontinuetoremainanunnervingcipher—orworse.（由于无法获得更高级的专业知识，我们后代的遗传密码将继续是一个令人不安的密码，甚至更糟）可知，A项Unfortunately,therearen’tnearlyenoughtrainedgeneticscounselorstohandlethecomingupsurgeindemandforthistypeofinformation.（不幸的是，几乎没有足够的训练有素的遗传顾问来处理即将到来的对这类信息需求的激增）符合文意。故选A。IVSummaryWriting51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandmainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.'Thisiscrisisteaching':studentswithdisabilitiesareneglectedascoronavirusshutsschoolsHomeschoolingyourchildrenduringtheCovid-19pandemic(流行病)ishard.Forparentswhosechildrenhaveadisability,it'sa'herculean(困难的)task'Ashermomtellsit,SesameStreet(儿童节目)isAubrey'sfirstandonlylove.Heraffectionfortheprogram'scastofpuppets,forElmoinparticular,issoaggressiveandpurethatherparentshavetorestrictheraccesstoitbecauseshegetssopeculiarafterwatchingit.,Aubrey,whoserealnameherparentsaskedbewithheldtoprotectherprivacy,isa16-year-oldstudentinLosAngeles.Asateenagerlivingwithautism(自闭症),routineisthebedrockofherday.Butinthedaysofaspiralingcoronaviruscrisis,predictingwhatcomesnextisallbutimpossible.“Thinkabouthowwearewithuncertaintyandmultiplyitbyamillion.Forhernotknowingisalmostunbearable,”saidherfather,PirouzKavehpour.Today,with124,000ofthenation'sschoolsclosedduetocoronavirus,Kavehpourhasjoinedtheranksofmillionsofparentsturnedintohomeschoolteachersovernight–noeasyfeatforanyworkingparent,butespeciallychallengingforparentswhosechildrenhavedisabilities.Itremainsunclearwhenschoolsacrossthecountrywillreopen.Californiaofficialsalreadyindicatedtheywon'trestartthisacademicyearandahandfulofotherstateshavecloseddoorsuntilfall.Andasclassroomsshifttoonlinelearning,manyoftheservicesguaranteedtothenation'sroughly7millionchildrenwithdisabilitieshavebeeneffectivelysuspended.Federallawpromisestogivestudentseducationalservicesthataddressindividualneeds.Butit'sunclearwhenchildrenwithdisabilitieswillgetthekindofface-to-facehelptheyhadbeengettingatschoolbefore.(AdaptedfromtheGuardianBYJerry)【答案】ThewidespreadofCovid-19makeshomeschoolinganissueforparentswhohavedisabledchildren.LikeAubrey,agirlwithautismwhospendsherlifeinboredom,thosechildrenwithdisabilitiesseemtohavebeendeprivedofin-personhelpinatimewhenthereisnohopeforschoolstoreopen.(50words)【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，2019冠状病毒病的广泛传播使家庭教育成为残疾儿童父母的一个问题。就像患有自闭症、生活无聊的奥布里一样，这些残疾儿童在学校没有希望重新开学的时候，似乎被剥夺了面对面的帮助。【详解】1要点摘录①HomeschoolingyourchildrenduringtheCovid-19pandemicishard.Forparentswhosechildrenhaveadisability,it'sa'herculeantask'.②Aubrey,whoserealnameherparentsaskedbewithheldtoprotectherprivacy,isa16-year-oldstudentinLosAngeles.③Itremainsunclearwhenschoolsacrossthecountrywillreopen.④Butit'sunclearwhenchildrenwithdisabilitieswillgetthekindofface-to-facehelptheyhadbeengettingatschoolbefore.2.缜密构思,将第1要点进行重组，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句ThewidespreadofCovid-19makeshomeschoolinganissueforparentswhohavedisabledchildren.LikeAubrey,agirlwithautismwhospendsherlifeinboredom,thosechildrenwithdisabilitiesseemtohavebeendeprivedofin-personhelpinatimewhenthereisnohopeforschoolstoreopen.【点睛】[高分句型1]ThewidespreadofCovid-19makeshomeschoolinganissueforparentswhohavedisabledchildren.这句话运用了who引导的定语从句,对第一段内容进行总结，表达高级。[高分句型2]LikeAubrey,agirlwithautismwhospendsherlifeinboredom,thosechildrenwithdisabilitiesseemtohavebeendeprivedofin-personhelpinatimewhenthereisnohopeforschoolstoreopen.这句话运用了who引导的的定语从句，对2，3，4要点的内容进行作结，表达高级。V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.你应该就你的所作所为向在场的所有人表示歉意。（present）(汉译英)【答案】Youshouldapologizetoallpresentforwhatyouhavedone.【解析】【详解】考查情态动词、动词短语、时态和宾语从句。主语为“you”,should后接动词原形构成谓语动词，apologizetosbforsth“因某事向某人道歉”为固定短语，“所有在场的人”为allpresent，present为形容词作后置定语，for后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺少宾语，连接词为what，结合语境从句为现在完成时。再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Youshouldapologizetoallpresentforwhatyouhavedone.53.你能否清晰地阐述究竟是什么导致了这一起严重地事故？（make）(汉译英)【答案】Canyoumakeitclearwhatitisthatcausedthisseriousaccident?【解析】【详解】考查固定结构和强调句。此处为“makeitadj.”结构，表示“清晰”应用clear；后跟特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分+isit+that+其它；表示“导致”应用动词cause，此处用一般过去时；表示“严重的事故”短语为seriousaccident；故翻译为Canyoumakeitclearwhatitisthatcausedthisseriousaccident?54.他一直希望自己能成为老板的助手。（desert）(汉译英)【答案】Theideathatheshouldbecomeanassistanttohisbosshasneverdesertedhim.【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句、时态。Theidea“该想法”后接同位语从句，同位语从句句意和句子结构完整，所以连接词为that。同位语从句的主语为he,shouldbecome“应该成为”为谓语，anassistanttohisboss,“他老板的助理”为表语。结合语境可知，主句为现在完成时，主语为Theidea，谓语为hasneverdeserted“从来没有放弃”，宾语为him。故翻译为：Theideathatheshouldbecomeanassistanttohisbosshasneverdesertedhim.55.由于全球变暖大约有200个物种将会在世纪30年代灭绝，似乎联合国安理会就该国际问题已经做出了决议。（It）(汉译英)【答案】ItseemsthattheUNSecurityCouncilhasmadearesolutionabout/on/regarding/concerningtheinternationalissuethatabout200specieswilldieout/beextinctin2030sbecauseoftheglobalwarming.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型、时态和同位语从句。Itseemsthat...“似乎......”为固定句型，结合语境that从句之后的句子为现在完成时，主语为theUNSecurityCouncil，谓语为hasmade，aresolution“一个决议”作宾语，“关于”为介词about/on/regarding/concerning，后接theinternationalissue“该国际问题”作宾语，其后接同位语从句，句意和句子结构完成，连接词为that，根据“in2030s”可知，从句为一般将来时。灭绝为“dieout/beextinct”。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：ItseemsthattheUNSecurityCouncilhasmadearesolutionabout/on/regarding/concerningtheinternationalissuethatabout200specieswilldieout/beextinctin2030sbecauseoftheglobalwarming.Ⅵ.GuidedWriting56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：1.表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间。注意：1.词数120-150；2.可适当增加细节。【答案】DearTom,IwasfartoohappythatwemadeanappointmenttovisitBeijingtogethernextweekend.HowIappreciatetheopportunitytobeyourguideinBeijing!ButI’mafraidwe’llhavetomakeitanothertime,becauseI’llbemeetingmyuncleattheairport.HeisonbusinessfromAustralia,andwillbehomeforonlytwodays.It’sararechanceforourfamilytogetreunitedsincehelefthometenyearsago.Ihopeyou’llforgivemefornotkeepingmyword.Ifit’sconvenientforyou,wecanmakeittheweekendafternext,oryoumaymakethechoice,OK?Bytheway,myfamilyandIwillbeoverjoyedtohaveyourcompanywhenmyuncleishome.,Ifyouhavenoplan,pleaseletmeknow,andI’llfetchyouuponmyuncle’sreturn.Haveahappyweekend.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Tom写一封道歉信，说明你因故不能赴约的原因，表示歉意并另约时间。【详解】1.词汇积累非常：very→fartoo感激：bethanksful→appreciate稀有的：unusual→rare高兴的：happy→overjoyed2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I’llbemeetingmyuncleattheairport.HeisonbusinessfromAustralia,andwillbehomeforonlytwodays.拓展句：I’llbemeetingmyuncleattheairport,whoisonbusinessfromAustralia,andwillbehomeforonlytwodays.【点睛】[高分句型1]HowIappreciatetheopportunitytobeyourguideinBeijing!(How引导的感叹句)[高分句型2]ButI’mafraidwe’llhavetomakeitanothertime,becauseI’llbemeetingmyuncleattheairport.(because引导的原因状语从句)
