20年上海市高考押题卷英语学科（满分150分，考试时间100分钟）I.ListeningComprehension(略)II.GrammarandVocabulary(20分)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Trumpsayshe’llleaveifBideniscertifiedWASHINGTON—PresidentTrumpsaidThursdaythathewillleavetheWhiteHouseiftheelectoralcollegeformalizesPresident-electJoeBiden’svictory—evenasheinsistedsuchadecisionwouldbea“mistake”—ashespenthisThanksgivingrenewingbaselessclaimsthat“massivefraud”andcrookedofficialsinbattlegroundstatescausedhiselectiondefeat.“CertainlyIwill.Butyouknowthat,”Trumpsaidwhen____1____(ask)whetherhewouldvacatethebuilding,allowingapeacefultransitionofpowerinJanuary.ButTrump—takingquestionsThursdayforthefirsttimesinceelectionday—____2____(insist)that“alotofthings”wouldhappenbetweennowandthenthatmightaltertheresults.ThefactthatasittingAmericanpresidentevenhadtoaddresswhetherornothewouldleaveofficeafterlosingreelectionunderscorestheextent____3____Trumphassmashedoneconventionafteranotheroverthelastthreeweeks.____4____thereisnoevidenceofthekindofconsiderablefraudTrumphasbeenallegingthatwouldaffecttheoutcome,heandhislegalteamhavenonethelessbeenworkingtocastdoubtontheintegrityoftheelectionandtryingtooverturnvoters’willin____5____unprecedentedbreachofdemocraticnorms.TrumpspoketoreportersintheWhiteHouse’sornateDiplomaticReceptionRoomafterholdingateleconferencewithU.S.militaryleadersstationed____6____theglobe.Hethankedthemfortheirserviceandjokinglywarnedthem____7____(noteat)toomuchturkey,thenturnedtotheelectionafter____8____(end)thecall.HerepeatedgrievancesandangrilydenouncedofficialsinGeorgiaandPennsylvania,twokeyswingstatesthathelpedgiveBidenthewin.Trumpclaimed,despitetheresults,____9____thismaynotbehislastThanksgivingattheWhiteHouse.Andheinsistedthattherehadbeen“massivefraud,”_____10_____stateofficialsandinternationalobservershavesaidno,suchevidenceexistsandTrump’scampaignhasrepeatedlyfailedincourt.【答案】1.asked2.insisted3.towhich4.While5.an6.around7.nottoeat8.ending9.that10.eventhough【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是特朗普总统周四表示，如果当选总统乔·拜登(JoeBiden)的选举团正式成立，他将离开白宫。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“当然我会的。但你知道的”特朗普在被问及是否会搬离大楼，以便在明年1月和平移交权力时表示。分析句子结构可知，句中said为谓语，空格处用非谓语形式，Trump和ask之间为被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，在句中作状语，另外，此处也可理解为是whenhewasasked的省略，当时间状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，即省略了hewas，故填asked。【2题详解】考查动词时态。句意：但特朗普星期四自选举日以来首次回答问题时坚称，在这期间会发生“很多事情”，可能会改变选举结果。通篇时态为一般过去时，本句也应为一般过去时，故填insisted。3题详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。句意：美国现任总统在连任失败后，甚至还必须讨论他是否会离任，这一事实突显了特朗普在过去三周内破坏了一个又一个大会的程度。分析句子结构可知，theextent后为定语从句，totheextent为固定短语，意为“到……的程度”，extent为物，因此空格处为towhich，故填towhich。【4题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然没有证据表明特朗普一直声称存在影响选举结果的严重欺诈行为，他和他的律师团队已经不过正在努力质疑选举的完整性并试图推翻选民将以前所未有的违反民主规范。根据语境可知，本句意为“虽然没有证据表明特朗普一直声称存在影响选举结果的严重欺诈行为，他和他的律师团队已经不过正在努力质疑选举的完整性并试图推翻选民将以前所未有的违反民主规范”，因此空格处为“虽然，尽管”，即while，位于句首，首字母大写，故填While。,【5题详解】考查冠词。句意：虽然没有证据表明特朗普一直声称存在影响选举结果的严重欺诈行为，他和他的律师团队已经不过正在努力质疑选举的完整性并试图推翻选民将以前所未有的违反民主规范。breach意为“违反”，句中用的单数，且表示泛指，因此前面需加不定冠词，unprecedented为元音音素开头，因此前面用不定冠词an，故填an。【6题详解】考查介词。句意：川普在白宫华丽的外交接待室与驻世界各地的美军领导人举行电话会议后对记者发表了讲话。根据holdingateleconferencewithU.S.militaryleadersstationed____6____theglobe可知，川普在白宫华丽的外交接待室与驻世界各地的美军领导人举行电话会议后对记者发表了讲话，____6____theglobe意为“世界各地”，为aroundtheglobe，故填around。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他感谢他们的服务，并开玩笑地警告他们不要吃太多火鸡，然后在结束通话后转向了选举。warnsb.nottodosth.为固定短语，意为“警告某人不做某事”，因此空格处为不定式的否定结构nottoeat，故填nottoeat。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他感谢他们的服务，并开玩笑地警告他们不要吃太多火鸡，然后在结束通话后转向了选举。after为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处为动名词ending，故填ending。【9题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：特朗普称，尽管有这样的结果，但这可能不是他最后一次在白宫过感恩节。分析句子结构可知，____9____thismaynotbehislastThanksgivingattheWhiteHouse为宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导，故填that。【10题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：他坚称存在“大规模欺诈”，尽管州官员和国际观察员表示不存在这样的证据，特朗普的竞选多次在法庭上失败。根据语境可知，句意为“他坚称存在“大规模欺诈”，尽管州官员和国际观察员表示不存在这样的证据”，因此空格处为“尽管”，为eventhough，用来引导让步状语从句，故填eventhough。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.climateB.evolvingC.announcementD.filedE.dependingF.cuts,G.draftedH.terminatedI.criticalJ.specifiedK.allowDisneyplanstolayoff4,000moreworkersTheWaltDisneyCo.announcedplanstolayoff4,000moreworkersinitsthemeparksdivisioninCaliforniaandFloridabecauseofthepandemic’seffectontheindustry.The____11____bythecompanywasmadeinaU.S.SecuritiesandExchangeCommissionfilingearlierthisweek,saying32,000employeeswillbe____12____inthefirsthalfoffiscalyear20,whichbeganlastmonth.InlateSeptember,Disneyhadalreadyannouncedplanstoterminate28,000themeparkworkers.IntheSECdocument____13____ontheeveofThanksgivingDay,thecompanysaiditalsoput37,000employeesnotscheduledforterminationonfurlough(休假)asaresultofthepandemic.“Duetothecurrent____14____,includingCOVID-19impacts,and____15____environmentinwhichweareoperating,thecompanyhasgeneratedefficiencyinitsstaffing,includinglimitinghiringto____16____businessroles,furloughsandreductions-in-force,”thedocumentsaid.Thecompanyalsosaiditmaymakemore____17____inspendingsuchasreducingfilmandtelevisioncontentinvestmentsandadditionalfurloughsandlayoffs.InFlorida,thecompanyhasbeenlimitingattendanceatitsparksandchangingprotocols(计划)to____18____forsocialdistancingbylimitingcharacters’meet-and-greets.Thecompanyhasnot____19____thenumberofworkerswhowouldbeaffectedinitsOrlandothemeparks.Disney’sparksclosedinMarchasthepandemicstartedspreadingintheUnitedStates.TheFloridaparksreopenedinthesummer,buttheCaliforniaparkshaveyettoreopen_____20_____onstateandlocalgovernmentapprovals.【答案】11.C12.H13.D14.A15.B16.I17.F18.K19.J20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是由于疫情对行业的影响，华特迪士尼公司(WaltDisneyCo.)宣布计划在加州和佛罗里达州的主题公园部门再裁员4000人。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：该公司在本周早些时候提交给美国证券交易委员会(SecuritiesandExchangeCommission)的一份通告中宣布，将在从上月开始的20财年上半年解雇3.2万名员工。根据后面的“saying32,000employeeswillbe____2____inthefirsthalfoffiscalyear20,”可知，该公司的一份通告中宣布，将在从上月开始的20财年上半年解雇3.2万名员工，因此空格处为名词“通告”，即announcement，此处指一份文件，因此用单数，故选C项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：该公司在本周早些时候提交给美国证券交易委员会(SecuritiesandExchangeCommission)的一份文件中宣布，将在从上月开始的20财年上半年解雇3.2万名员工。由后文的“InlateSeptember,Disneyhadalreadyannouncedplanstoterminate28,000themeparkworkers”（9月底，迪士尼已经宣布计划解雇2.8万名主题公园工作人员）可知，解雇3.2万名员工”，因此空格处为“解雇”，即terminate，与前面的willbe构成一般将来时的被动语态，应用过去分词。故选H项。【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在感恩节前夕提交给美国证券交易委员会的文件中，该公司表示，由于疫情，该公司还对3.7万名未被解雇的员工实行了休假。结合句意可知，指文件“提交”应用动词file，文件是被提交，因此空格处为过去分词作后置定语，即filed。故选D项。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：该文件称:“由于当前的环境，包括COVID-19的影响，以及我们正在变化的经营环境，公司在人员配备方面提高了效率，包括限制招聘关键业务岗位、强制休假和有效裁员。”根据“includingCOVID-19impacts,and____5____environment”可知，此处是说“由于当前环境”的影响，表达环境用名词climate，是不可数名词，故选A项。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：该文件称:“由于当前的环境，包括COVID-19的影响，以及我们正在变化的经营环境，公司在人员配备方面提高了效率，包括限制招聘关键业务岗位、强制休假和有效裁员。”根据“inwhichweareoperating,thecompanyhasgeneratedefficiencyinitsstaffing”可知，经营环境正在发生变化，因此空格处为“正在变化的”，即evolving，作定语，修饰environment，故选B项。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：该文件称:“由于当前的环境，包括COVID-19的影响，以及我们正在变化的经营环境，公司在人员配备方面提高了效率，包括限制招聘关键业务岗位、强制休假和有效裁员。”分析句子可知，空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词businessroles，根据语境可知，此处指“包括限制招聘关键业务岗位”，因此空格处用“关键的”，即critical，故选I项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：该公司还表示，可能会进一步削减支出，比如减少电影和电视内容的投资，以及额外的休假和裁员。more后需跟名词，根据后面的“reducingfilmandtelevisioncontentinvestmentsandadditionalfurloughsandlayoffs,（减少电影和电视内容的投资，以及额外的休假和裁员）”可知，此处指“进一步削减支出”，因此空格处为“削减”，即cut，可数名词，结合语境可知用其复数形式。故选F项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：在佛罗里达州，该公司一直在限制公园的游客数量，并通过限制角色的见面和问候来改变协议，以保持社交距离。根据“thecompanyhasbeenlimitingattendanceatitsparksandchangingprotocols”及“forsocialdistancingbylimitingcharacters’meet-and-greets”可知，句子意为“该公司一直在限制公园的游客数量，并通过限制角色的见面和问候来改变协议，以保持社交距离”，因此空格处用allow，allowfor意为“允许”，此处用不定式表目的，故选K项。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：该公司尚未具体说明奥兰多主题公园将受到影响的员工人数。由后面的thenumberofworkers可知，公司是尚未具体说明奥兰多主题公园将受到影响的员工人数，因此空格处为“详细说明”，通篇时态为一般过去时，因此空格处为过去式，“详细说明”的过去式为specified，故选J项。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：佛罗里达的公园在夏天重新开放，但加州的公园还没有重新开放，取决于州和地方政府的批准。由toreopen____10____onstateandlocalgovernmentapprovals.可知，此处是说“加州的公园还没有重新开放，取决于州和地方政府的批准”，“取决于”为固定短语dependon，空格处用现在分词作状语，表主动，即depending，故选E项。III.ReadingComprehension(45%)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Countrydiary:achainsawmassacreinthealderwoodsOnanovercast,drizzlyafternoonatDurhamWildlifeTrust’slowBarnsnature________alderprovidedthebrightestsplashofcolorinthe____22____Atreehadbeenfelledandsawninto____23____.Chainsawwoundsonthisspeciescanlooklikeamassacre,becausesoonafterthetimberiscut,itturnsaluridshadeofred,almostlikeblood,instarkcontrasttothebattleship-greybark,____24____thosewounds,whichbriefly____25____rawmeat,fadetoorangeandfinallytochestnutbrown.Whenthisreservewasestablishedhalfacenturyago,aroundoldgravelpits(采沙场),somemoisture-lovingalderswereplantedtohelp____26____abare,windsweptsite.Alderwoodisoneofthefinestsourcesofcharcoal,andtheplantationtreesareoldenoughnowtobecoppiced,toproducebarbecuefuel.Thereisalsoanimportantnaturalalderwoodhere,createdbyacataclysmalmosttwoandahalfcenturiesago,,whichledtothedesignationofthereserveasasiteofspecialscientificinterest.TheGreatFloodof1771____27____Weardale,washingawaybridgesallthewaytothecoast.Whenthewatersubsided,thecourseoftheRiverWearhad____28____halfamilesouth,andtheoldriverbedbecamewhatisnowthereserve’sLongAlderWood,thefinestexampleofitskindintheregion.Whenitsometimesfloods,thistangleofgnarled（苍劲嶙峋的）treeshasa____29____oftheFloridaEverglades（佛罗里达大沼泽）aboutit,withmossy,fallentrunkssinkingbackintotheooze(淤泥).Yearround,therearewonderful_____30_____towatchbirdsfromanembankmentlevelwiththetreecanopy.Thisafternoonanacrobaticflockofabout30goldfinches（金翅雀）_____31_____andchatteredthroughthetwigs,feedingontinyseedsthatfallfromthewoodycones.Sadly,sincethemid-1990s,another_____32_____hasbefallenthislocally_____33_____woodland:alderdiebackdiseasehaskilledaroundhalfthematuretrees.Coppicingisleadingtosomeregeneration,thoughinthisprecious_____34_____deadtimberisallowedtolaywhereitfalls,reservedfortheneedsofa_____35_____communityoffungi,invertebratesandwoodpeckers,ratherthanback-gardenburger-flippersonsummerevenings..A.reserveB.preserveC.conserveD.deserve22.A.sceneB.viewC.scopeD.landscape23.A.logsB.materialsC.resourcesD.sources24.A.EverlastinglyB.EventuallyC.ContinuallyD.Sustainably25.A.assembleB.presentC.overcastD.resemble26.A.rejuvenateB.revengeC.reformD.remain27.A.gonethroughB.gotthroughC.sweptthroughD.cutthrough28.A.changedB.shiftedC.reversedD.revised29.A.clueB.plotC.evidenceD.hint30.A.opportunitiesB.possibilitiesC.alternativesD.probabilities31.A.schemedB.crawledC.bouncedD.scattered32.A.misfortuneB.catastropheC.setbackD.adversity33.A.uniqueB.peculiarC.especialD.particular34.A.frontierB.territoryC.habitatD.boundary35.A.variousB.versatileC.multipleD.diverse【答案】.A22.D23.A24.B25.D26.B27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】,【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是达勒姆野生动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区，桤木为景观提供了最明亮的色彩，为那儿的生态做出了巨大的贡献。【题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个阴雨绵绵的下午，达勒姆野生动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区，桤木为景观提供了最明亮的色彩。A.reserve保护区；B.preserve保护；C.conserve保存；D.deserve值得。根据“atDurhamWildlifeTrust’slowBarnsnature”可知，此处是说“在达勒姆野生动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区”，因此空格处为“保护区”，故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个阴雨绵绵的下午，达勒姆野生动物信托基金会的低谷仓自然保护区，桤木为景观提供了最明亮的色彩。A.scene场景；B.view风景；C.scope范围；D.landscape景观。根据“alderprovidedthebrightestsplashofcolorinthe”可知，桤木是为那儿的整个景观提供了最明亮的色彩，因此空格处为“景观”，故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一棵树被砍倒，锯成了圆木。A.logs圆木；B.materials材料；C.resources资源；D.sources来源。根据“Atreehadbeenfelledandsawninto”可知，树被砍倒后是被锯成了圆木，故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，这些伤口，短暂地看起来像生肉，逐渐变成橙色，最后变成栗色。A.Everlastingly永久地；B.Eventually最终；C.Continually不断地；D.Sustainably可持续地。根据thosewounds,whichbriefly____rawmeat,fadetoorangeandfinallytochestnutbrown可知，最终，这些伤口，短暂地看起来像生肉，逐渐变成橙色，最后变成栗色，因此空格处为“最终”，故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，这些伤口，短暂地看起来像生肉，逐渐变成橙色，最后变成栗色。A.assemble组装；B.present呈现；C.overcast使沮丧；D.resemble类似，像。根据thosewounds,rawmeat可知，伤口是看起来像生肉，因此空格处用“类似，像”，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这个保护区在半个世纪前建立时，在古老的砾石坑周围种植了一些喜湿的桤木，以帮助弥补这片被风吹过的光秃秃的地方。A.rejuvenate使年轻；B.revenge复仇；C.reform改革；D.remain仍然。根据“somemoisture-lovingalderswereplantedtohelp____6____abare,windsweptsite”可知，在古老的砾石坑周围种植了一些喜湿的桤木，以帮助弥补这片被风吹过的光秃秃的地方，空格处可用revenge，意为“报复”，在原文中意为对那片光秃秃的地方的报复，故选B项。【27题详解】,考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：1771年的大洪水席卷了威代尔，冲走了一直延伸到海岸的桥梁。A.gonethrough经历；B.gotthrough通过；C.sweptthrough席卷；D.cutthrough抄近路走过。根据“washingawaybridgesallthewaytothecoast.”可知，洪水是席卷威代尔，故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当水位下降时，威尔河的河道向南移动了半英里，古老的河床变成了现在保护区的长桤木林，这是该地区同类中最好的例子。A.changed改变；B.shifted转移；C.reversed颠倒；D.revised修改。根据“halfamilesouth,andtheoldriverbedbecamewhatisnowthereserve’sLongAlderWood”可知，威尔河的河道向南移动了半英里，古老的河床变成了现在保护区的长桤木林，因此空格处为“转移”，故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时洪水来袭时，这些盘根错节的树木让人联想到佛罗里达的大沼泽地，长满青苔的倒下的树干沉入了淤泥中。A.clue线索；B.plot情节；C.evidence证据；D.hint暗示。根据“oftheFloridaEverglades（佛罗里达大沼泽）aboutit”可知，这些盘根错节的树木让人联想到佛罗里达的大沼泽地，因此空格处为“暗示”，故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：全年都有绝佳的机会从树冠的堤岸观看鸟类。A.opportunities机会；B.possibilities可能性；C.alternatives可供选择的事物；D.probabilities可能性。根据“towatchbirdsfromanembankmentlevelwiththetreecanopy”可知，全年都有绝佳的机会从树冠的堤岸观看鸟类，因此空格处为“机会”，故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天下午，一群大约30只金翅雀在树枝间蹦蹦跳跳，叽叽喳喳地叫着，以从木质球果上掉下来的小种子为食。A.schemed计划；B.crawled爬；C.bounced蹦跳；D.scattered撒播。根据30goldfinches（金翅雀）以及“chatteredthroughthetwigs”可知，金丝雀是一种鸟，一般是蹦跳，故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，自20世纪90年代中期以来，另一场灾难降临了这片当地特有的林地:桤木枯死病已经杀死了大约一半的成熟树木。A.misfortune不幸；B.catastrophe灾难；C.setback挫折；D.adversity逆境。根据“alderdiebackdiseasehaskilledaroundhalfthematuretrees”可知，桤木枯死病已经杀死了大约一半的成熟树木是一场灾难，故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，自20世纪90年代中期以来，另一场灾难降临了这片当地特有的林地:桤木枯死病已经杀死了大约一半的成熟树木。A.unique独一无二的；B.peculiar独特的；C.especial,特别的；D.particular特别的。一场灾难降临了这片当地特有的林地，因此空格处为“独一无二的”，故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管在这片珍贵的栖息地上，死木材被允许放置在它倒下的地方，以满足真菌、无脊椎动物和啄木鸟的各种需求，而不是满足夏天晚上后花园的肉鳍鱼的需求。A.frontier前沿；B.territory领土；C.habitat栖息地；D.boundary边界。根据thoughinthisprecious_____和后文的reservedfortheneedsofa____communityoffungi,invertebratesandwoodpeckers可知，这是一片栖息地，故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管在这片珍贵的栖息地上，死木材被允许放置在它倒下的地方，以满足真菌、无脊椎动物和啄木鸟的各种需求，而不是满足夏天晚上后花园的肉鳍鱼的需求。。A.various各种各样的；B.versatile多才多艺的；C.multiple多样的；D.diverse多样化的。根据后面的fungi,invertebratesandwoodpeckers可知，死木材被允许放置在它倒下的地方，以满足真菌、无脊椎动物和啄木鸟的多样化的需求，因此空格处为“多样化的”，故选D项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,D.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)Whenexpertsponderthefutureofautomobiles.theytendtofocusontwonovelmodesoftransportation:driverlesscarsandflyingcars.AtthisyearsCEStechnologyshowinLasVegas,Hyundaihasintroducedathirdvisionforhowvehiclesmighttraversetheworldaroundthem---onethatdoesnotrelysolelyonwheels.Morethan2,000yearsafterthewheelbarrowsdebutinclassicalGreece,usheringinaneweroflocomotion.Hyundaislatestconceptcarisdesignedtowalkaseasilyasitrolls,Called"Elevate,thedaddy-long-legs-likemachinehaswheelsattheendoflongroboticlegsthatwouldallow"userstodrive,walkorevenclimboverthemosttreacherousterrain,"accordingtothecompanyThecompany-whichlabelsthemachineaUMV,or"ultimatemobilityvehicle-saidtheconceptwasinspiredbytheneedfor"resilienttransportation"indisasterzones,whereconventionalvehiclesareoftenrendereduseless."Whenatsunamiorearthquakehits,currentrescuevehiclescanonlydeliverfirstresponderstotheedgeofthedebrisfield,"JohnSuh,HyundaivicepresidentandheadofHyundaiCRADLE,saidinastatementonthecompany'swebsite“Theyhavetogotherestofthewaybyfoot.Elevatecandrivetothesceneandclimbrightoverflooddebrisorcrumbledconcrete."Suhaddedthevehicle'susefulnesswouldnotbelimitedtoemergencysituations.Forpeople,livingwithdisabilitieswithoutaccesstoanADAramp,thestatementsaid,anautonomousversionoftheElevatecouldwalktoafrontdoorandpositionitselfsoawheelchaircould“rollrightin.”HowrealisticistheElevateconcept?DavidBailey,aprofessoratAstonBusinessSchoolinEngland,toldtheBBCthatalthoughconceptcarsmaynotmakeittothefactoryfloor.theycanhelpgeneratevaluablenewideas.“Formostofus,it'sgoingtobewheelsandroads,butinextremesituationstheremaybescopeforthissortofthing."Baileysaid.“Theremaywellbeapplicationsintermsofemergencyservices---butthereareverybigtechnologicalchallengestomakethissortofthing.”Hyundai'svisionisundeniablyambitious.ThecompanysaiditenvisionsbeingabletoswitchoutdifferentElevatebodytypesfordifferentsituations.Thevehicleisdesignedtouse“bothmammalianandreptilianwalkinggaits”,givingittheabilitytotravelinanydirection,thecompanysaid,notingthelegsfoldupintoa"stoweddrive-mode"tosavepower.Thoselegs.thecompanysaid,wouldbeabletoclimboverafive-footwallandstepacrossafive-footgap.AconceptvideoproducedbyHyundaishowsthevehicleperformingamixtureofdrivingandwalking.Whenthesurfaceisrelativelyflat,thevehicletumstoconventionalwheels,butwhentheterraingrowscraggy,thevehicle'swheelsappeartolockintoplaceanditslegsextend,takingsynchronizedstepsforward.Whensurroundedbymassivechunksofconcretefromwhatappearstobeacollapsedstructure,Elevateisshownlevelingitselfonaninclinesorescuerscanloadastretcherinside.“Imagineacarstrandedinasnowditchjust10feetoffthehighwaybeingabletowalkorclimboverthetreacherousterrain,backtotheroad,potentiallysavingitsinjuredpassengers---thisisthefutureofvehicularmobility,"saidDavidByron,industrialdesignmanageratSundberg-Ferar,aDetroit-baseddesignfirmthatpartneredwithHyundaitocreatetheElevate.36.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthearticleaboutwhere"Elevate"canbeused?A.Inatsunami.B.InanearthquakeC.InsevereweatherconditionsD.Insomesituationswherethedisabledneedhelp37.Theunderlinedword"terrain"inthesecondparagraphfrombottomprobablymeanA.roadB.geographyC.conditionD.situation38.Whichcanbestexplainwhy"Elevate"mayhaveapromisingfutureaccordingtothetext?A.Becauseitcanhelpdisabledpeoplebettertheirlifeinmanyways.,B.Becausetheresearchfundsforthiskindofcarareavailableandsufficient.CBecauseithasawiderangeofusesinmanyfieldsaswellasinpeople’life.D.Becauseitisnothingbutatechnologicalchallengetomakethissortofthing.39.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Tointroducereadersaninterestingtechnologicalproduct.B.Topersuadereaderstobuythiskindofnewproduct.C.Toentertainreaderswiththisnewproduct.D.ToexplaintoreaderswhytheElevatesinventionisdifficult.【答案】36.C37.B38.C39.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要是关于新汽车介绍。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Whenatsunamiorearthquakehits,currentrescuevehiclescanonlydeliverfirstresponderstotheedgeofthedebrisfield,”（当海啸或地震发生时，目前的救援车辆只能将第一批救援人员送到废墟地带的边缘。）以及“ForpeoplelivingwithdisabilitieswithoutaccesstoanADAramp,thestatementsaid,anautonomousversionoftheElevatecouldwalktoafrontdoorandpositionitselfsoawheelchaircould‘rollrightin.’”（声明称，对于无法进入《美国残疾人法》匝道的残疾人来说，Elevate的自动驾驶版可以走到前门，调整自身位置，让轮椅“直接滑进来”。）该段提到该款设计可以在地震，海啸以及残疾人需要帮助时发挥作用，并未提及恶劣天气，故选C项。【37题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Whenthesurfaceisrelativelyflat,thevehicletumstoconventionalwheels,butwhentheterraingrowscraggy,thevehicle'swheelsappeartolockintoplaceanditslegsextend,takingsynchronizedstepsforward.”（当地面相对平坦时，车辆转向传统的车轮，但当地形变得崎岖时，车辆的车轮似乎锁定在原地，它的腿伸展，同步前进。）前面提到surface相对平坦时，使用传统的轮子行驶，后面转折，terrain和surface路面对应，意为“地形地貌”的意思，故选B项。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Theremaywellbeapplicationsintermsofemergencyservices---butthereareverybigtechnologicalchallengestomakethissortofthing.”（在应急服务方面可能会有应用—但要做到这一点，还存在很大的技术挑战。）根据文章，“Elevate”一词可能会有很好的应用前景，是因为它在许多领域以及在人们的生活中有广泛的用途。故选C项。【39题详解】,推理判断题。本文介绍了新汽车的一种设计理念，全文未有说服促销意味，在介绍表述上也较为客观，所以作者的目的是向读者介绍一款有趣的科技产品。故选A项。(B)OneoftheexecutivesgatheredattheAspenInstituteforaday-longleadershipworkshopusingtheworksofShakespearewasdiscussingtheroleofBrutusinthedeathofJuliusCaesar.“Brutuswasnotanhonorableman,”hesaid.“Hewasatraitor（叛徒）.Andhemurderedsomeoneincoldblood.”TheagreementwasthatBrutushadactedwithcrueltywhenotheroptionswereavailabletohim.Hemadeabaddecision,theysaid—atleastasitwaspresentedbyShakespeare—totaketheleadinmurderingJuliusCaesar.AndthoughoneoftheexecutivesacknowledgedthatBrutushadthegoodoftherepublicinmind,Caesarwasneverthelesshissuperior.“Youhavetounderstand,”theexecutivessaid,“ourpolicyistoobeythechainofcommand.”Duringthelastfewyears,businessexecutivesandbookwriterslookingforanewwaytoadvisecorporateAmericatohavebeenexploitingShakespeare’swisdomforprofitableends.NonemoresothanhusbandandwifeteamKennethandCarolAdelman,well-knownadviserstotheWhiteHouse,whostartedupatrainingcompanycalled“MoversandShakespeares”.TheyareamateurShakespearescholarsandShakespearelovers,andtheyhavecombinedtheirpassionandtheirhighlevelcontactsintoamanagementtrainingbusiness.Theyconductbetween30and40workshopsannually,focusingonhalfadozendifferentplays,mostlyforcorporations,butalsoforgovernmentagencies.Theworkshopsalltakethesameform,focusingonasingleplayasakindofcasestudy,andusingindividualscenesasspecificlessons.InJuliusCaesar,forexample,Cassius’sslyprovocation（狡诈的挑唆）ofBrutustotakeuparmsagainstCaesarwasabasisforadiscussionofmethodsofteambuildingandgrassrootsorganizing.AlthoughneitheroftheAdelmansisacademicallytrainedinliterature,theprogramscontainplentyofShakespearetraditionandbackground.TheirworkshoponHenryV,forexample,includesahelpfulexplanationofHenry’swinningstrategyattheBattleofAgincourt.Buttheydocometothetextwithafewbiases(偏向):theirreadingofHenryVminimizeshismisuseofpower.Instead,theyemphasizethestoryoftheyouthwhoseizesopportunityandbecomesamasterfulleader.AndattheworkshoponCaesar,Mr.AdelmanshadlittlegoodtosayaboutBrutus,saying“thenoblestRomanofthemall”couldn’tmakehismindupaboutthings.Manyoftheparticipantspointedtoveryspecificelementsintheplaythattheyfelttoberelated.Caesar’spride,whichledtohismurder,andBrutus’smistakesinleadingthetraitorsafterthemurder,theysaid,raisevitalquestionsforanyoneservinginabusiness:whenandhowdoyouresisttheboss?40.WhydotheAdelmansconductaworkshoponHenryV?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcatchingopportunities.,B.Toencouragemasterfulleaderstoplanstrategiestowin.C.Toillustratetheharmofprejudicesinmanagement.D.Towarnexecutivesagainstpowermisuse.41.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.theAdelmans’programprovesbiasedastherolesofcharactersaremaximized.B.executivesfeelboredwithtoomanyspecificelementsofShakespeare’splays.C.theAdelmanswillmakemoreprofitsiftheyareprofessionalscholars.D.Shakespearehasplayedanimportantroleinthemanagementfield.42.Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.A.Shakespeare’splays:Executivesreconsidercorporateculture.B.Shakespeare’splays:Anessentialkeytobusinesssuccess.C.Shakespeare’splays:alessonforbusinessmotivation.D.Shakespeare’splays:Dramatictrainingbringsdramaticresults.【答案】40.A41.D42.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，白宫的知名顾问肯尼斯·阿德尔曼(KennethAdelman)和卡罗尔·阿德尔曼(CarolAdelman)创办了一家名为“搬家者与莎士比亚”的培训公司，利用莎士比亚戏剧中的角色对企业进行管理培训，以实现盈利。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“TheirworkshoponHenryV,forexample,includesahelpfulexplanationofHenry’swinningstrategyattheBattleofAgincourt.Buttheydocometothetextwithafewbiases(偏向):theirreadingofHenryVminimizeshismisuseofpower.Instead,theyemphasizethestoryoftheyouthwhoseizesopportunityandbecomesamasterfulleader.”（例如，他们关于亨利五世的研讨会就对亨利在阿金库尔战役中的获胜策略进行了有益的解释。但他们在阅读《亨利五世》时确实有一些偏见:他们对《亨利五世》的解读将他滥用权力的行为最小化。相反，它们强调的是年轻人抓住机会，成为熟练的领导者的故事）可知，阿德尔曼举办了一个关于亨利五世的研讨会来强调抓住机会的重要性。故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Duringthelastfewyears,businessexecutivesandbookwriterslookingforanewwaytoadvisecorporateAmericatohavebeenexploitingShakespeare’swisdomforprofitableends.”（在过去的几年里，企业高管和作家们一直在寻找一种新的方式，建议美国企业利用莎士比亚的智慧来实现盈利）可推知，莎士比亚在管理领域发挥了重要作用，故选D。,【42题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是白宫的知名顾问肯尼斯·阿德尔曼(KennethAdelman)和卡罗尔·阿德尔曼(CarolAdelman)创办了一家名为“搬家者与莎士比亚”的培训公司，利用莎士比亚戏剧中的角色对企业进行管理培训，以实现盈利，因此最恰当的题目是D选项Shakespeare’splays:Dramatictrainingbringsdramaticresults（莎士比亚戏剧：戏剧训练带来很大的效果），故选D。(C)Beginninginthelatesixteenthcentury,itbecamefashionableforyoungaristocratstovisitEuropeandaboveallRome,astheculmination(终极)oftheirclassicaleducationThustheideaoftheGrandTourwasborn,apracticewhichintroducedEnglishmen,Germans,Scandinavians,andAmericanstotheartandcultureofFranceandItalyforthenext300years.Travelwasarduousandcostlythroughouttheperiod.Possibleonlyforaprivilegedclassthesamethatproducedgentlemenscientists’authorsantiqueexpertsandpatronsofthearts.TheGrandTouristwastypicallyayoungmanwithathoroughbackgroundinGreekandLatinliteratureaswellassomeleisuretimesomemeansandsomeinterestinart.TheGermantravelerJohannWinckelmannpioneeredthefieldofarthistorywithhiscomprehensivestudyofGreekandRomansculpture.hewasportrayedbyhisfriendAntonRaphaelMengsatthebeginningofhislongresidenceinRome.MostGrandTouristhoweverstayedforbrieferperiodsandsetoutwithsouvenirsoftheirtravelsaswellasanunderstandingofartandarchitectureformedbyexposuretogreatmasterpieces.SincetherewerefewmuseumsanywhereinEuropebeforetheendofthe18thcenturyGrandTouristsoftensawpaintingsandsculpturesbygainingadmissiontoprivatecollections.andmanywereeagertoacquireexamplesofGreco-RomanandItalianartfortheirowncollectionsInEngland,wherearchitecturewasincreasinglyseenasanaristocraticpursuit,noblemenoftenappliedwhattheylearnedfromthevillasofPalladioinVenetoandtheevocativeruinsofRometotheirowncountryhousesandgardens.43.WhatdidGrandTouristshaveincommon?ATheyhadmuchgeographicknowledge.B.Theywereversedinliteratureandinterestedinart.C.Theywerecourageousandventuresome.D.Theyhadenoughtravelandoutdoorlifeexperience.44.HowdidGrandTouristsbenefitfromtheirtravel?A.Theyfoundinspirationintheworld'sgreatestmasterpieces.B.Theygotabetterunderstandingofearlyhumancivilization.C.Theydevelopedaninterestintheoriginofmodernartforms.,DTheygainedsomeknowledgeofclassicalartandarchitecture.45.WhydidmanyGrandTouristsvisittheprivatecollections?A.Theycouldbuyuniquesouvenirstheretotakebackhome.B.Europehardlyhadanymuseumsbefore19thcentury.C.Theyfoundtheantiquestheremorevaluable.D.Privatecollectionswereofgreatervariety.46.HowdidtheGrandTourinfluencethearchitectureinEngland?A.ThereappearedmoreandmoreRomanstylebuildings.B.ManyaristocratsbegantomoveintoRomanstylevillas.C.Aristocrats'countryhousesallhadRomanstylegardens.D.Italianarchitectswerehiredtodesignhousesandgardens.【答案】43.C44.D45.B46.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是“大游客”的做法，即年轻贵族游览欧洲，尤其是罗马，以及大旅行所带来的影响。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Travelwasarduousandcostlythroughouttheperiod”（在整个时期，旅行是艰苦和昂贵的）可推知，大游客们的共同点在于他们都是勇敢和冒险的，故选C。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“MostGrandTouristhoweverstayedforbrieferperiodsandsetoutwithsouvenirsoftheirtravelsaswellasanunderstandingofartandarchitectureformedbyexposuretogreatmasterpieces”（然而，大多数“大游客”在这里停留的时间较短，他们带着旅行纪念品出发，同时也对艺术和建筑有了了解，这些艺术和建筑是通过接触伟大的杰作而形成的）可知，大游客受益于他们的旅行在于他们获得了一些古典艺术和建筑方面的知识，故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“SincetherewerefewmuseumsanywhereinEuropebeforetheendofthe18thcenturyGrandTouristsoftensawpaintingsandsculpturesbygainingadmissiontoprivatecollections”（由于在18世纪末之前欧洲几乎没有博物馆，游客们经常通过获得私人收藏的许可来欣赏绘画和雕塑）可知，许多大游客参观私人收藏，因为欧洲在19世纪之前几乎没有博物馆，故选B。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“InEngland,wherearchitecturewasincreasinglyseenasanaristocraticpursuit,,noblemenoftenappliedwhattheylearnedfromthevillasofPalladioinVenetoandtheevocativeruinsofRometotheirowncountryhousesandgardens”（在英国，建筑越来越被视为贵族的追求，贵族们经常将他们从威尼托(Veneto)帕拉第奥(Palladio)的别墅和令人回味的罗马废墟中学到的东西应用到自己的乡村住宅和花园中）可知，大旅游对英国建筑的影响在于罗马风格的建筑越来越多，故选A。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.EvaluatingSourcesofHealthInformationMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthyinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactsfromopinions,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.____47____Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.____48____Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehavior―contributestoor―isassociatedwithanoutcome;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.____49____Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.Useyourcommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.Evaluatescientificstatementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery(江湖骗术).____50____Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration,buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.Developingtheabilitytoevaluatereasonablyandindependentlyaboutthehealthproblemswillserveyouwellthroughoutyourlife.A.Makechoicesthatarerightforyou.B.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.C.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.D.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.E.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthor‘spointofview.F.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources.,【答案】47.F48.C49.E50.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的如何评估健康信息的来源。【47题详解】上文说“Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactsfromopinions,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources”（合理的评价包括知道在哪里和如何找到相关信息，如何区分事实和观点，如何识别不良推理，如何分析信息和来源的可靠性），空格后讲了一些具体的建议，F选项Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources（以下建议可以帮助您对从常见来源收到的健康信息进行排序）位于空格处起着承上启下的作用，因此F选项切合题意，故选F。【48题详解】上文说“Gototheoriginalsource”，C选项Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch中的original与上文的original相互呼应，且其中的examine与上文“Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience”中的Findout相互呼应，因此C选项切合题意，故选C。【49题详解】本段开头Watchformisleadinglanguage为主题句，因此本段是关于注意误导性的语言，E选项Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthor‘spointofview（请注意，作者的观点也可能会错误地解释信息）与本段主题相呼应，因此E选项切合题意，故选E。【50题详解】下文说“Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration,buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.”（朋友和家人可以是想法和灵感的伟大来源，但我们每个人都需要找到一种适合自己的健康生活方式），因此本段是关于做出适合自己的选择，因此A选项Makechoicesthatarerightforyou切合题意，故选A。IV.SummaryWriting51.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Aremarkablevarietyofinsectsliveinthisplanet.Morespeciesofinsectsexistthanallotheranimalspeciestogether.Insectshavesurvivedonearthformorethan300millionyearsandmaypossesstheabilitytosurviveformillionsmore.Insectscanbefoundalmosteverywhere--onthehighestmountainsandonthebottomofrushingstreams,inthecoldSouthPoleandinbubblinghotsprings.Theydigthroughtheground,jumpandsinginthetrees,,andrunanddanceintheair.Theycomeinmanydifferentcoloursandvariousshapes.Therearemanyreasonswhyinsectsaresosuccessfulatsurviving.Theiramazingabilitytoadaptpermitsthemtoliveinextremerangesoftemperaturesandenvironments.Theoneplacewheretheyhavenotyetbeenfoundtoanymajorextentisintheopenoceans.Insectscansurviveonawiderangeofnaturalandartificialfoods--paint,pepper,glue,books,grain,cotton,otherinsects,plantsandanimals.Becausetheyaresmalltheycanhideintinyspaces.Also,insectshaveanenormousreproductivecapacity:AnAfricanantqueencanlayasmanyas43,000eggsaday.Anotherreasonfortheirsuccessisthestrategyofprotectivecolour.Aninsectmayberightbeforeoureyes,butnearlyinvisiblebecauseitiscleverlydisguised(伪装)likeagreenleaf,lumpofbrownsoil,graylichen(青苔),aseedorsomeothernaturalobject.Someinsectsusebright,boldcolourstosendwarningsignalsthattheytastebad,stingorarepoison.Othershavewingpatternsthatlookliketheeyesofahugepredator,bitter-tastinginsects;hungryenemiesarefooledintoavoidingthem.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Largevarietiesofinsectssuccessfullysurvivealmostanywhereforseveralreasons.First,theiradaptivecapacitiesenablethemtosurviveinextremetemperaturesandenvironments.Theycanliveonvariousfoodsandhideintinyplaces.Second,insectsexcelatreproduction.Last,insectsuseprotectivecolorstodisguiseorgivewarningssothattheysuccessfullyfooltheirenemies.【解析】【分析】本题是要求概括所给文章的大意。这一题型主要考察对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。【详解】解题步骤：1.细读原文。2.列出原文要点。本文是一篇说明文，说明这个星球上生活着各种各样的昆虫。昆虫已经在地球上生存了3亿多年，昆虫能如此成功地存活下来有很多原因。文章叙述了成功存活的三个理由。首先，它们的适应能力使它们能够在极端的温度和环境中生存。它们可以吃各种各样的食物，藏在很小的地方。第二，昆虫擅长繁殖。最后，昆虫用保护色来伪装或发出警告，从而成功地愚弄它们的敌人。3.用合适的句子和规定字数将原文要点表达出来。,注意概要是对他人文章的概括和转述，概要写作不是再创作，要忠于原文，绝对不能出现来自于作者以外的其他观点。概要性是概要写作的最大特点，语言和内容必须高度概括，不要超过要求的60词。V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.在举目无亲的情况下，他不得不向警察们求助。(can’thelp)（汉译英）【答案】Hecouldn’thelpbutturntothepoliceforhelpinthecaseofnorelativesaround.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“在......的情况下”为固定短语inthecaseof...，“举目无亲”也就是身边没有亲戚，翻译为norelativesaround，“不得不做某事”为can’thelpbutdosth.，“向警察们求助”为固定短语turntosb.forhelp，句子描述过去的事情，因此时态用一般过去时，因此句子可翻译为“Hecouldn’thelpbutturntothepoliceforhelpinthecaseofnorelativesaround.”，故答案为Hecouldn’thelpbutturntothepoliceforhelpinthecaseofnorelativesaround。53.规定每位小提琴手都必须演奏一首中国作品以弘扬中华文化。（require）【答案】EachoftheviolinistswasrequiredtoplayaChinesemusicalworktopromoteChineseculture.【解析】【详解】考查动词和不定式。requiresb.todosth.“要求某人做某事；规定某人做某事”，是常用短语，不定式做宾语补足语；分析句子可知，用被动语态，主语是“Eachoftheviolinists”表示“每一位小提琴手”，play“弹奏”；aChinesemusicalwork“一首中国音乐作品”；目的状语用不定式结构，promoteChineseculture“弘扬中国文化”，故翻译为：.EachoftheviolinistswasrequiredtoplayaChinesemusicalworktopromoteChineseculture.54.毫无疑问在这个充满竞争的社会，保持幽默有助于减少压力并促进创造性思维。（contribute）【答案】Thereisnodoubtthatkeepinghumorouscontributestoreducingstressandenhancingthecreativethinkinginthesocietyfilledwithcompetition.【解析】【详解】考查固定句型、动名词作主语和过去分词作后置定语。句中使用固定句型：Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问......”，在这个句型中that引导同位语从句；从句中动名词短语keepinghumorous“保持幽默”作主语，谓语动词contributeto“有助于”用单数第三人称，to是介词，所以后面用动名词作宾语；thesociety和filled之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。再根据所给其他汉语，故翻译为Thereisnodoubtthatkeepinghumorouscontributestoreducingstressandenhancingthecreativethinkinginthesocietyfilledwithcompetition.55.我们应重视保持孩子学习与玩耍的平衡，正如一句老话说的那样：“,只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。”(emphasis)（汉译英）【答案】Weshouldplaceemphasisonchildrentokeepthebalancebetweenplayandstudy.Asanoldsayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。“重视......”为固定短语placeemphasisonsth.；“应”用情态动词should；“保持学习与玩耍的平衡”翻译为keepthebalancebetweenplayandstudy；“正如一句老话说的那样”翻译为asanoldsayinggoes；“只工作，不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。”是一句谚语，翻译为“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy”。句子描述客观事实，因此整句话时态用一般现在时，翻译为“Weshouldplaceemphasisonchildrentokeepthebalancebetweenplayandstudy.Asanoldsayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”，故答案为Weshouldplaceemphasisonchildrentokeepthebalancebetweenplayandstudy.Asanoldsayinggoes,“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.”VI.GuidedWriting:56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120—150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学高三张华，在某报纸上看到一则报道，寒冬腊月，一名老人因不会使用手机扫描通信大数据行程码，被公交车司机呵斥要求其下车。互联网的发展便利人们生活的同时，却让很多老年人无所适从，就如何让银发族跨越“数字化”鸿沟的问题报社征集现广大读者的建议。请你写一封信给该报。在信中，你必须：1.你对老年人“数字化”鸿沟的看法；2.就如何帮助老年人跨越“数字化”鸿沟提出建议。【答案】Towhomitmayconcern,Readingthereportthataseniorcitizenwasdeclinedfromridingbusduetobeingunabletodisplayhishealthcodeswithsmartphone,I’msotouchedthatI’mwritingtovoicemyopinions.Whilethemajorityofthepopulaceenjoystheconvenienceofdigitaltechnologies,however,seniorcitizensareexperiencinggreaterandgreaterdifficultieswiththedigitaldivide.Thisisratherdisappointing.Measuresshouldbetakentobridgethedigitaldivideforseniorcitizens.Tobeginwith,weneedtostrengtheneducationandtrainingforseniorcitizens.Manyofthemhavelittleknowledgeofnewtechnologies.Thereforwe’dbetterhirespecializedandpatientcoaches,selecteasy-to-understandteachingmaterials,andhelptheseniorcitizenstobecomeliterateintechnology.Then,weshouldlaunchmoresenior-friendlyproducts.Forexample,thetaxi-hailingplatformofShanghaihasenabled“onebuttonhail”and“biglettermode”sothatseniorswithpooreyesightcansendtheirlocationinformationwithasingleclick.More,importantly,seniorcitizensarenotpassivelytakinginhelpfromothers.Wemustencouragethemtoacttogether,toovercomefearofnewtechnologies,andsticktothebeliefof“nevertoooldtolearn”.Inanutshell,tohelpseniorcitizensbridgethedigitaldivide,weneedjointeffortsfromthegovernments,companies,andthewholesociety.Hopethatmysuggestionswouldbetakenintoconsideration.Yours,ZhangHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求考生写一封信给该报就如何让银发族跨越“数字化”鸿沟的问题提出自己的建议。【详解】1.词汇积累表达我的看法：expressmyopinions→voicemyopinions不懂：knowlittleof→havelittleknowledgeof接受帮助：accepthelp→takeinhelp被考虑:beconsidered→betakenintoconsideration2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Tobeginwith,weneedtostrengtheneducationandtrainingforseniorcitizens.Manyofthemhavelittleknowledgeofnewtechnologies.拓展句：Tobeginwith,weneedtostrengtheneducationandtrainingforseniorcitizens,manyofwhomhavelittleknowledgeofnewtechnologies.【点睛】[高分句型1]Readingthereportthataseniorcitizenwasdeclinedfromridingbusduetobeingunabletodisplayhishealthcodeswithsmartphone,I’msotouchedthatI’mwritingtovoicemyopinions.(运用了现在分词作状语)[高分句型2]Forexample,thetaxi-hailingplatformofShanghaihasenabled“onebuttonhail”and“biglettermode”sothatseniorswithpooreyesightcansendtheirlocationinformationwithasingleclick.(运用了sothat引导的目的状语)
