【优化指导】（新课标全国）2022高考英语总复习课时作业21Unit1必修5一、单项填空1．It’s______goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthem______pleasure.A．不填；a B．a；不填C．the；aD．a；the解析：考查冠词的用法。句意：观赏上海世博会对人们来说是一种不错的感受，它能给他们快乐。feeling是可数名词，因此前面用a表示“一种好的感受”；pleasure常用作不可数名词，故第二个空不用冠词。答案：B2．IthinkitshouldbeImyselfnotmywifewho______forthebadhabitofmychildinthestudybeforegoingtoschool.A．amtobeblamedB．isgoingtoblameC．amtoblameD．shouldblame解析：在强调句中考查固定搭配。该句对Imyself进行了强调，myself是I的同位语，因此谓语动词应与I保持一致；sb.istoblameforsth.是固定搭配“因某事责备或抱怨某人”，用主动形式表示被动意义，故选A项。句意：我认为应该是我本人而不是我的妻子该为孩子去学校之前的学习的不良习惯受到责备。答案：C3．—I’mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I’mafraidIcan’tpassthistime.—______！I’msureyou’llmakeit.A．GoaheadB．GoodluckC．NoproblemD．Cheerup解析：对话的一方担心不能通过考试，另一方去安慰。答语句意：振作起来，我肯定你能通过。答案：D4．Mrs.LeewillmoveintothenewhousenextMonday，______itwillbecompletelyfinished.A．bywhichtimeB．bythattimeC．bythistimeD．bythetime8\n解析：考查定语从句。bywhichtime引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Monday。答案：A5．Ifyou______BeijingDuck，I’dliketotreatyoutoamealatafamousduckrestaurant.A．didn’ttryB．don’ttryC．hadn’ttriedD．haven’ttried6．Oldpeopleareadvisedtoconsidersuchpleasantthings______necessaryfortheirhealth.A．asB．astheyareC．asareD．thatare解析：考查such...as引导的限制性定语从句，as作定语从句的主语。句意：建议老年人多考虑对他们的身体健康有好处的事情。答案：C7．Iknowthemanby______，butIhaveneverspokentohim.A．chanceB．heartC．sightD．experience解析：考查固定搭配。knowsb.bysight是固定搭配，意为“面熟”。句意：我和那个人面熟，但我从来没有和他说过话。答案：C8．Thisbookissaidtobeaspecialone，which______manyeventsnotfoundinotherhistorybooks.A．writesB．printsC．coversD．reads解析：考查动词辨析。cover用作动词，含义较丰富，此处表示“涉及，包括”。句意：据说这是一本很特别的书，它包含了许多其他历史书上找不到的事件。答案：C9．“Doyouthink______Ishouldattendmyexwife’swedding？”heaskedme.A．thatB．whetherC．ifD．when8\n解析：that引导的从句作think的宾语从句。句意：“你认为我该去参加我前妻的婚礼吗？”答案：A10．______tonuclearradiation，evenforashorttime，maycauseseriousdiseases.A．BeingexposedB．HavingexposedC．ExposedD．Afterbeingexposed解析：考查非谓语动词。beingexposedtonuclearradiation在句中作主语，故选A项。用作补语、定语或状语时选用过去分词，故不选C项。句意：暴露在核辐射中，即使时间很短也可能引起严重的疾病。答案：A11．______whatimportanceisthemeetingyouwillattendtomorrow?A．ForB．OfC．AtD．To解析：考查介词辨析。此处是在特殊疑问句中考查固定搭配“beof＋名词＝bevery＋形容词”。句意：你明天参加的那个会议是怎样的重要啊？答案：B12．—Whatmadehernearlymad?—______shefailedinthenationalcollegeentranceexams.A．WhatB．BecauseC．WhetherD．That解析：考查名词性从句。答语是that引导的主语从句，后面省略了madehernearlymad。句意：她在高考中考试失败的这件事情使得她快要发疯了。答案：D13．Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto______place______shewitnessedtherobbery.A．thesame；thatB．thesame；asC．thesame；whereD．asthesame；as解析：whereshewitnessedtherobbery是定语从句修饰先行词place，因为定语从句中不缺少主语或宾语，因此用where而不用as。答案：C14．IfshespentfiveyearsinParis，______shecan’tspeakawordofFrench?A．whataboutB．howaboutC．whatifD．howcome8\n解析：考查交际用语。howcome...？“为什么？怎么会？”。句意：她如果在巴黎待了五年，怎么一个法语单词都不会说呢？答案：D15．Idon’tthink______ofGeorge’sperformanceintheEnglishspeechcontest，andJane’sis______.A．well；worseB．better；wellC．highly；moreD．badly；better解析：考查形容词辨析。从连词and看，前后之间是顺承关系，语境表示George的表现不好，Jane的表现更糟糕，因此A项正确。答案：A二、阅读理解AThirsty？Youmightwanttoconsiderasteamingcupoftea.InasurveyofexistingresearchpublishedintheEuropeanJournalofClinicalNutrition，theauthorsreportthatnotonlydoesteasupplytheliquidforhumanbodiesandsatisfyyourthirstaswellaswaterdoes，itcomeswithadditionalhealthbenefitstoo.“Drinkingteaisactuallybetterforyouthandrinkingwater，”Dr.CarrieRuxton，anutritionistandtheleadauthorofthestudytoldtheBBC.“Waterisessentiallyreplacingfluids.Teareplacesfluidsandcontainsantioxidants(抗氧化剂)soit’sgottwothingsgoingforit.”Thoseantioxidants—specificallyflavonoids—canreducedamagedonetocellsthrougheverydayliving，soresearchersbelievethesesamecompounds(化合物)mayhelptoward_offheartattacksandsometypesofcancer.Theyfoundclearevidencethatdrinkingthreetofourcupsofteaadaycancutthechancesofhavingaheartattack.Somestudiessuggesteddrinkingteaprotectedagainstcancer，althoughthiseffectwaslessobvious.Otherhealthbenefitsincludedprotectionagainsttoothdiseases，plusbonestrengthening.Theresearchersalsoaddressedanexplanationabouttea’ssideeffects，whichmakeyourbodylosewater.Althoughsomeelementscanremovewaterfromyoursystem，evenastrongcupoftea—forthatmatter—isintroducingmorewatertoyourbodythanitmayremove.TheBritishNutritionFoundationrecommendsabout1.5to2litersorabouteightandahalfcupsofliquidaday，andthestudyshowedthatonetosixteadrinksaday，includingblacktea，improvedantioxidantintake(吸入)．However，thereis8\nsomeevidencethatteacanpreventtheironabsorptionfromfood，soespeciallythoseatriskofanemia(贫血)shouldavoidacupofteanearthemealtime.本文指出了饮茶的好处，饮茶能防止心脏病和癌症的发生，同时指出饮茶的注意事项，因为科学证明，茶能阻止铁元素的吸收而导致贫血。1．Dr.CarrieRuxtonthinksdrinkingteaisbetterthandrinkingwaterbecause______.A．drinkingteacansatisfypeople’sthirstB．teamakesyourbodystrongerC．drinkingteaisagoodhabitD．teareplacesfluidsandcontainsantioxidants解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“Teareplacesfluidsandcontainsantioxidantssoit’sgottwothingsgoingforit.”可知，饮茶不仅补充了人体体液，而且还含有抗氧化剂，所以Dr.CarrieRuxton认为喝茶比喝水好。答案：D2．Theunderlinedphrase“wardoff”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.A．cause B．analyzeC．avoidD．cure解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段可知，饮茶可以降低得心脏病的几率，还可以预防癌症。由此可推测wardoff为“预防，避免”的含义。答案：C3．Whichisnotthebenefitofdrinkingtea?A．Drinkingteacanreducetheriskofhavingaheartattack.B．Drinkingteacanhelpprotectpeopleagainstcancer.C．Drinkingteacanpreventpeoplefromgettingtoothdiseases.D．Drinkingteacanhelpremovewaterfromhumanbodies.4．Inwhichsectionofanewspaperareyoulikelytoreadthearticle?A．Healthanddiet.B．Science.C．Worldnews.D．Sportsnews.解析：文章出处题。文章主要讲述饮茶的好处，以及不要在不当的时候饮茶。是关于健康饮食方面的，故有可能出现在报纸中的健康饮食方面。8\n答案：ABBackwhenourchildrenweresmall，whocouldhaveimaginedwhatlifewouldholdforthem：pressuressurroundingsex，alcohol，drugs，andaconfusingseriesofmessages，choices，andconsequences？Manyparentsrealizethatthechildren’sneedforindependencegrowsastheydo.Sotalkingabouttouchy(棘手的)subjectscanbeespeciallydifficultwhenteenstendtotune_us_out.Drivingateentomeetherfriendsmayseemlikejustanotherchore，unlessyourecognizeitasanopportunitytotalk.Ofcourse，youmayhavetogettheconversationgoing.Trytellingyourchildalittleaboutyourdayortalkingaboutherfriendsbeforeaskingherhowthingsaregoing.Ifyouworryaboutlosingcontroloftheconversation，trytodosomethingyoubothenjoytogether，likecooking，hiking，orgoingtoaconcertormuseum.Onceyouhavecreatedacomfortablelevelofsharing，tryapproachingatouchysubject.“BeforeIdiscusstopicslikesexordrugswithmyson，”onefathersays，“Idoalittlehomework.Oftenit’sassimpleascheckingthephonebookforhotlinesoraskingmydoctortorecommendsomebooks.Ifmysonisnotwillingtodiscussatouchysubject，Icanstillgivehimanumbertocalloranarticletoread.And，ofcourse，ItellhimI’malwaysavailableifheneedsmyhelp.”Don’tstartapersonalattackorholdafamilyconferencetoopenadialogueonatoughsubject.Nomatterhowseriousthesubjectis，it’simportantnottobeheavyhanded(粗暴的)orfocusonyourchildtoomuch.Sayyou’vereadanarticleorheardaboutatroublingsituationfromacolleagueorafriend.Sharethisinformationwithyourteenager；thenaskheropinionratherthanofferyours.Supposeyou’rediscussingAIDS，andyoucaninviteyourchildren’sinterestbyasking：Doyoubelieveitcan’thappentoyou？Whataresomestrategiestostaysafe？Whenateenfeelsthatthetwoofyouareexploringasubjecttogether，she’slikelytoshareherownthoughts.文章探讨了父母和孩子如何就棘手的话题进行沟通。5．Theunderlinedphrase“tuneusout”inParagraph1canbereplacedby“______”．A．relymuchonusB．getalongwellwithusC．understandwhatwesay8\nD．paynoattentiontowhatwesay解析：词义猜测题。根据上文“Manyparentsrealizethatthechildren’sneedforindependencegrowsastheydo.Sotalkingabouttouchysubjectscanbeespeciallydifficultwhenteenstendto...”可知，许多父母意识到孩子独立性的需要正在增长，所以讨论棘手的话题尤其困难，孩子们不是很在意父母的教导。由此可推知，画线词含义为“不理会(父母的话)”。答案：D6．Asforatouchysubject，parentsshouldavoid______.A．talkingmuchabouttheirchildren’sfriendsB．sharinginformationwithallfamilymembersC．communicatingwiththeirchildreninaformalwayD．beingcuriousabouttheirchildren’sopinion解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Don’tstartapersonalattackorholdafamilyconferencetoopenadialogueonatoughsubject.”可知，不要以个人抨击或是召开家庭会议来公开讨论棘手的话题。再根据最后一段举出讨论AIDS的例子可推知，对于棘手的话题家长应该避免以一种正式方式与孩子进行讨论。答案：C7．InthecaseofdiscussingAIDS，whatparentscandoisto______.A．remindtheirchildrenofitsdangerB．inspiretheirchildrentoexpresstheirideasC．takeadvicefromtheircolleaguesorfriendsD．givetheirchildrenasmuchadviceaspossible解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Supposeyou’rediscussingAIDS，andyoucaninviteyourchildren’sinterestbyasking：Doyoubelieveitcan’thappentoyou？Whataresomestrategiestostaysafe？”可知，在谈论AIDS时，父母可以通过问问题来鼓励孩子说出自己的想法。答案：B8．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainwhattouchysubjectschildrenfacenow.B．Tooffertipsonhowtodiscusstouchysubjectswithchildren.C．Toshowtheinfluenceoftouchysubjectsonchildren.D．Toexplainwhyparentsshouldhelpchildrensolvetouchysubjects.8\n8
