【优化指导】（新课标全国）2022高考英语总复习课时作业10Unit5必修2一、单项填空1．Asisknowntoall，in______eyesofherteacher，Lindahas______eyeforarts.A．/；an B．the；theC．/；theD．the；an解析：考查冠词的用法。句意：众所周知，在她老师的心目中，Linda很有艺术鉴赏力。intheeyesofsb.＝inone’seyes“在某人看来，在某人心目中”；haveaneyefor“对……有眼力，有眼光”。答案：D2．He______footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.A．wasplayingB．playedC．hasplayedD．hadplayed解析：考查时态。时间状语是whenhewasyoung表示过去的时间，因此，用一般过去时态。答案：B3．Manyquestions______atthemeetingheldlastweek，butthemanageranswerednone.A．wererisenB．raisedC．broughtupD．cameup解析：rise是不及物动词，不用被动语态；B项和C项都有“提出”的意思，但都是及物动词，必须用被动语态；comeup“被提出”是不及物动词，只能用主动语态。句意：在上周开的会上提出了许多的问题，但经理一个也没有答复。答案：D4．Amongthehighriskgroupofheartdisease______peoplewithapreferenceforfatrichfoods.A．thereareB．theyareC．areD．whoare解析：考查倒装句。当表示地点的介词短语置于句首，谓语动词为不及物动词(多为sit，come，stand，lie，walk等)或be时，句子要用完全倒装。答案：C5．ManyOlympicathletesholdthatthemostimportantthingisnottowinbut8\ntoparticipate，______themostimportantthinginlifeisnotthesuccess，butthestruggle.A．asthoughB．justlikeC．suchasD．justas6．Myparentsdon’tcare______mypocketmoneygoes，butonethingisforsure:themoneyspentmustbeworthwhile.A．whyB．whenC．whereD．how解析：考查宾语从句。根据句意用where表示钱花的去向。句意：我父母对我的零钱怎么花的他们不在乎，但要确保钱花的值。答案：C7．Myparentsexpectedtoomuchofme.WhentheyheardthatIhadfailedinthecollegeentranceexamination，theyalmost______.A．brokeupB．brokeoffC．brokeoutD．brokedown解析：考查动词短语辨析。breakup“分手，结束”；breakoff“中断，折断”；breakout“爆发”；breakdown“垮掉，坏掉”。由句意可知选D项。句意：我的父母对我期望太高，当听说我高考落榜时，他们几乎崩溃了。答案：D8．Anyopportunityshouldbemade______of______yourspokenEnglish.A．use；topracticeB．fun；topracticeC．fun；practicingD．use；practicing9．—PleasetellmewhatIcandoforyou?—______youhappentoseeMr.Keller，givehimmyregards.A．WouldB．WillC．ShouldD．Shall8\n解析：考查虚拟语气。空白处是省略了if，将should提到句首的虚拟条件句，此处的should表示“万一”，主句则用了陈述语气。答案：C10．—I’dliketoinviteyoutohaveadinneratmyhomethisSunday，MissBlack.—______.A．I’dratherstayathomeB．Oh，no，let’snotC．I’mverysorry，butIhaveotherplansD．Oh，no.That’llbetoomuchtrouble解析：考查交际用语。对别人的邀请表示拒绝时往往要礼貌一点，用“I’msorry，but...”这一句型。而不会直接说no，这会不礼貌，让别人听了很不舒服。答案：C11．VitaminDhelpsourbodiesmakeaspecialchemical，which______affectsourbrains，makingusfeelhappy.A．inturnB．inparticularC．inadvanceD．inshort解析：考查介词短语用法辨析。inturn“反过来”，符合句意。inparticular“尤其，特别地”；inadvance“提前，预先”；inshort“简言之，总之”。句意：维生素D使我们的身体产生一种特殊的化学物质，而这种化学物质又反过来影响我们的大脑，使我们感到高兴。答案：A12．Haveallthethings______canbedone______？A．what；doneB．that；beendoneC．that；alreadydoneD．what；alreadybeingdone解析：主句是现在完成时态，allthethings是主句的主语，thatcanbedone是定语从句；havebeendone是主句的谓语动词，其结构是一般疑问句，将have提到了句首。句意：能够做的事情是不是都已经做了？答案：B13．—Don’tyouthinkitagoodideatogoforanoutingthisafternoon?—Yes，______！Itcan’tbebetter.A．approximatelyB．absolutelyC．relativelyD．eventually8\n14．Sheasked“Doyouknow______he’sgettingonwellwithhisclassmates？”A．howB．thatC．whatD．which解析：句意：她问道：“他和同学们相处得很好你知道吗？”易错项A，句中有well修饰语作状语，不能再选用how。that引导的是宾语从句，陈述他跟同学相处得很好这件事，故B项正确。答案：B15．______carefulenough，theexamineemadesomecarelessmistakesinthecollegeentranceexam.A．BeingnotB．NotbeingC．HewasnotD．Wasn’t解析：现在分词的否定式作原因状语，not放于现在分词之前。从句中没有关联词语，因此不能选C项。句意：由于不够细心，那个考生在高考中出了好几处粗心错误。答案：B二、阅读理解AUpperclasspeoplegenerallyhavemoreeducationalopportunities，greaterfinancialsecurity，andbetterjobsthanpeoplefromlowersocialclasses，butthatdoesn’tmeanthey’remoreskilledateverything.Anewstudyfinds，surprisingly，thatlowerclasspeoplearebetteratreadingtheemotionsofothers.Theresearcherswereinspiredbyobservingthat，forlowerclasspeople，successdependsmoreonhowmuchtheycanrelyonotherindividuals.Forexample，ifyoucan’taffordtobuysupportservices，youhavetorelyonyourneighborsorrelativestowatchthekidswhileyou’rebusy.Oneexperimentresearchedonvolunteerswhoworkedatauniversity；somehadgraduatedfromcollegeandothershadnot.Researchersusedtheeducationallevelasanindicator(标志)forsocialclasses.Thevolunteersdidatestofemotionperception(感知)，inwhichtheywereinstructedtolookatpicturesoffacesandindicatewhichemotionseachfacewasdisplaying.Peoplewithmoreeducation8\nperformedworseonthetaskthanpeoplewithlesseducation.Inanotherstudy，universitystudentswhowereofhighersocialstatushadamoredifficulttimeaccuratelyreadingtheemotionsofastranger.Theseresultssuggestthatpeopleofupperclassstatusaren’tverygoodatrecognizingtheemotionsotherpeoplearefeeling.Thisisbecausetheyremembertheirupperstatusandtheythinktheycansolvetheirproblemswithoutrelyingonothers.Inthethirdexperiment，peopleweremadetofeelthattheywereatalowersocialclassthantheyactuallywere，andtheygotbetteratreadingemotions.“Thedifferencesbetweenupperclasspeopleandlowerclasspeoplearenotsomethingingrained，”Kraussays.“It’stheculturalenvironmentleadingtothem.”Thisworkhelpsshowthatthetraditionalimageoftheclassesiswrong.“It’snottruethatalowerclassperson，nomatterwhatkindofperson，isgoingtobelessintelligentthananupperclassperson.It’sallaboutthesocialenvironmentthepersonlivesin，andthespecificchallengesthepersonfaces.Ifyoucanchangetheenvironmenteventemporarily，socialclassdifferencesinlotsofbehaviorscanberemoved.”研究显示社会地位较低者更能理解他人的情绪。1．Accordingtothepassage，whenlowerclasspeoplemeetproblems，theytendto______.A．turntoothersB．workevenharderC．feelmorefrustratedD．learnfromupperclasspeople解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“...forlowerclasspeople，successdependsmoreonhowmuchtheycanrelyonotherindividuals.Forexample，ifyoucan’taffordtobuysupportservices，youhavetorelyonyourneighborsorrelativestowatchthekidswhileyou’rebusy.”可知，对于社会地位较低的人，他们的成功常常取决于对其他个体的依赖程度。例如，如果你负担不起服务，当你抽不开身时，你可以依靠你的邻居或亲属来照看孩子。由此可推知，相比于社会地位较高的群体，社会地位较低的人在遇到困难时，倾向于向他人寻求帮助。答案：A2．Whydidpeopleperformbetterinemotionperceptioninthethirdexperiment?A．Becausetheybecamelessindependent.8\nB．Becausetheydidn’tknowtheywerecheated.C．Becausetheyfelttheymustaskforhelpfromothers.D．Becausetheyweremadetounderstandlowerclasspeople.解析：推理判断题。根据第五段“Thisisbecausetheyremembertheirupperstatusandtheythinktheycansolvetheirproblemswithoutrelyingonothers.”可知，社会地位较高者不善于体会他人情绪，这是因为他们记着自己较高的身分地位，他们认为无需他人的帮助就可以解决自己的问题；根据第六段可知，在第三个实验中，研究人员让志愿者感觉自己的社会地位低于实际情况，结果显示他们解读他人情绪的表现有了改进。由此可推知，在第三个实验中，地位较高者情绪感知能力得到提升的原因是他们的独立性有所降低。答案：A3．Theunderlinedword“ingrained”inthelastparagraphmeans“______”．A．easytoform B．hardtobefoundC．difficulttochangeD．necessarytoberesearched解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Ifyoucanchangetheenvironmenteventemporarily，socialclassdifferencesinlotsofbehaviorscanberemoved.”可知，如果你能改变环境，哪怕是暂时改变一下，不同社会阶层在许多行为上的差异都会消除。由此可知，社会地位较高及较低的人群的差异是可以被改变的，即不是难以改变的。故“ingrained”意为“难以改变的”。答案：C4．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Upperclasspeoplearenotskilledateverything.B．Upperclasspeoplehavetroublerecognizingothers’emotions.C．Lowerclasspeopleneedtobegivenmoreemploymentopportunities.D．Therearemanydifferencesbetweenupperclasspeopleandlowerclasspeople.解析：主旨大意题。本文通过实验举例说明了社会地位较高者不善于理解他人的情绪。答案：BB[Watchingtelevisionhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularwaystopassthetime.Whowouldn’twanttospendanentiredaysittingorlyinginthesofa，withacomfortableblanketandtheremotecontrolinhand，andwatchingsomeofthegreatestTVshowsthathaveeverbeenmade？GivenbelowaresomeofthebestTVshowsthataregreatlylovedbyaudiencesofallages.8\nSeinfeldSpeakingofcomedy，manypeoplemaythinkofSeinfeld.It’snotliketheshowhasanintricateplot，butitistheunusualsimplicitythatmakesthisshowanovernightsuccess.TheshowpresentsthelifeofJerrySeinfeldandhisfriendsinasimplebutveryfunnyway.TheSopranosCreatedbyDavidChase，TheSopranos，isaseriesaboutamemberofacriminalgroup，TonySoprano，wholivesinNewJersey.TheTVshowexploreshisrelationshipwithhiswife，hiskids，andhismother，andalsotellsusaboutthevariousproblemsandconflictsthathefacesinanefforttomaintainabalancebetweenhisfamilylifeandthecriminalgroupthatheisaleaderof.TheSimpsonsTheSimpsonsisthenameofanAmericanfamily，withitsmembersbeingHomer，Marge，Bart，LisaandMaggie.CreatedbyMattGroeningfortheFoxBroadcastingCompany，TheSimpsonsshowsthetypicalfamilylifeoftheworkingclassinAmericainaveryhumorousway.ThisTVshowhasbeenquitepopulareversinceitwasbroadcastandhasalsobeenadaptedforotherformsofmedialikebooks，music，videogamesandevenamovie.FriendsDavidCraneandMartaKauffmansureknewwhattheyweredoingwhentheydecidedtobroadcastthissitcom(情景喜剧)．FriendsorF．R.I.E.N.D.Sbecamepopularsoonafteritwasbroadcastforthefirsttimein1994.Itshowsaudiencesthelivesof6friends，Monica，Rachel，Phoebe，Ross，ChandlerandJoey，wholiveinNewYork.Outstandinghumorandgreatperformancesarewhatmakethisshowafavoriteformanysitcomwatchers.本文主要介绍了四部最受欢迎的美国电视剧。5．Thefirstparagraphservesasa(n)______．A．commentB．backgroundC．explanationD．introduction6．Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlined8\nword“intricate”？A．Moving.B．Humorous.C．Complex.D．Wellorganized.解析：词义猜测题。根据后文“butitistheunusualsimplicitythatmakesthisshowanovernightsuccess”可知，少有的简单是该电视剧一夜走红的原因。因此可知，“intricate”与“unusualsimplicity”意思相对，意为“错综复杂的”。答案：C7．Whichshowisdifferentfromtheotherthreeintype?A．Friends.B．Seinfeld.C．TheSopranos.D．TheSimpsons.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Speakingofcomedy，manypeoplemaythinkofSeinfeld.”，第四段“...TheSimpsonsshowsthetypicalfamilylifeoftheworkingclassinAmericainaveryhumorousway.”和最后一段“DavidCraneandMartaKauffmansureknewwhattheyweredoingwhentheydecidedtobroadcastthissitcom.”可知，这三部电视剧都属于喜剧。从而可以推知，TheSopranos在类型上与其他三部电视剧不同。答案：C8．Thebesttitleforthepassagecouldbe“______”．A．SomegreatestTVshowsB．WhatTVshowdoyoulikebest?C．CommonfeaturesofAmericanTVshowsD．What’sthemostpopularwaytokilltime?8
