【优化指导】（新课标全国）2022高考英语总复习课时作业12Unit2必修3一、单项填空1．Cigarettesandalcoholdosuch______greatharmtohealththattheycaneasilycause______weakeningofourbodies.A．a；/ B．/；theC．a；theD．/；/解析：考查冠词的用法。句意：烟和酒对健康的危害是那么的大以至于它们很容易使我们的体质衰退。doharmto是固定搭配不用冠词表示“危害……”；weakening后有定语ofourbodies，故表示特指，因此用定冠词the。答案：B2．Theinternationalagreement，______encouragechildrennottosmokeandhelppeoplekickthehabit，wassignedonFebruary27.A．intendingtoB．beingintendedtoC．intendedtoD．tointendto解析：考查非谓语动词。动词intend与agreement之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作定语，表示被动。beingdone表示“正在被……”不合逻辑。答案：C3．Ican’tcometohelpyou，______I’dliketo，becauseatpresentI’vetoomanyimportantthingstodo.A．muchasB．muchsoC．asmuchD．somuch解析：muchas表示“既然，尽管，虽然”。句意：我不能去帮助你，尽管我很想去帮助你，因为我有太多重要的事情要做。答案：A4．Nowadaysmostcollegestudentsinuniversitiesprefermakingtheireffortsintheirstudyto______withmoreknowledgetomakepreparationsforjobs.A．equipB．equippingC．beequippedD．beingequipped解析：动词equip与其逻辑主语students之间是被动关系，又因为makeeffortstodo“努力干某事”故选C项。句意：现在多数在校大学生更喜欢努力学习，用更多的知识来武装自己为将来参加工作做好准备。9\n答案：C5．Everyonegivesmoreblood，ifyoucan，______youwillsavemorelives.A．butB．andC．orD．so解析：句意：大家能多捐献点血就多捐献点，那样就会多挽救一些生命。考查固定句型“祈使句＋and＋将来时的句子”。根据句意选B项。答案：B6．Tellme______youwantyourcoffee，blackorwhite?A．howB．whenC．whichD．what解析：考查名词性从句。句意：请告诉我你怎样喝咖啡，喝纯的还是加牛奶的？由句意可知征求对方喝咖啡的方式，因此用how。答案：A7．Tomis______thanangry.Yousee，hedoesn’tknowwhatheisdoing.A．themadderB．muchmadderC．madderD．moremad8．—Didyouhaveawonderfultimeduringyourtrip?—______Afterthefirsthalfhourourcarsimplybrokedown；whatwasworse，wefoundthatwewerealmostoutofgas.A．Takeiteasy.B．Whatdoyoumean?C．Farfromthat.D．That’sallright.解析：考查交际用语。由答语句意“开车半个小时后，车坏了，而且我们发现快没油了”可知，说话人玩得并不开心，因此选C项，farfrom表示“根本不，一点也不”。答案：C9．Thereason______heexplainedwas______hewasheldupbyatrafficaccidentonthewayhere.A．why；becauseB．why；thatC．that；whyD．/；that9\n10．ThestrongearthquakeinthenortheastofJapanonMarch11th,2022andthetsunami______causedcausedthousandsofdeaths.A．whichB．thatC．itD．what解析：考查代词用法。句意：2022年3月11日发生在日本东北地区的大地震和地震引发的海啸造成了数千人死亡。itcaused是省略了that或which的定语从句，it是定语从句的主语代指“地震”，cause的宾语是that或which代替的海啸。第二个caused是主句的谓语动词。答案：C11．—CanIhelpyou?—I’dliketobuyagiftformymother，______ataproperpricebutofgreatuse.A．thatB．oneC．anyoneD．everything解析：答语句意：我想给我妈妈买个礼物，一个价格合适又很有用的礼物。one泛指“一个礼物”，作agift的同位语。答案：B12．Hekeptondrinkingheavily；nothingthedoctordidtostophimfromdrinking______.A．workingB．workedC．workD．works解析：句中的nothing是主语，worked是谓语，thedoctordidtostophimfromdrinking是省略了that的定语从句。答案：B13．ThesceneattheentranceofShanghaiExpoSiteisnotatall______onewhohasn’tseenitwithhisowneyescanimagine.A．thatB．whatC．whichD．where解析：what在句中引导的是表语从句，one是表语从句中的主语，imagine是从句中的谓语，what在从句中作imagine的宾语。whohasn’tseenitwithhisowneyes是定语从句修饰先行词one。9\n答案：B14．Thecouplegotintoa(n)______aboutwheretocelebrateNewYear’sEve：athomeorinarestaurant.A．commentB．debateC．quarrelD．argument解析：考查名词辨析。argument“争论”；comment“解释，评论”；debate“辩论”；quarrel“争吵，口角”。句意：那对夫妇为在家中还是在餐馆庆祝新年除夕发生了争论。答案：D15．Itissaidthathardly______hehadafewproblemstodealwith.A．havehearrivedwhenB．didhearrivethanC．hadhearrivedwhenD．hadhearrivedthan二、完形填空Therewasonceaboywhosegreatestdreamwastohavearocketandsendittothemoon.__1__，hehadlittlemoneyandcouldn’tevenaffordatoyrocket.Oneday，atthesideofaroad，hesawa(n)__2__boxforoneofhisfavoritekindsoftoyrockets.__3__it，hefoundtherewasonlyonerocketinside，madeofdodgy(坏了的)__4__，theconsequenceofafactorymalfunction(故障)．Theboywasvery__5__，butatleasthefinallyhadarocket.Herepaireditandthenstartedpreparingforthe__6__.Formanydayshe__7__paperofallshapes，sizesandcolors；andwithgreatenthusiasmhe__8__makingsomestarsandplanetsthatwouldmakeit__9__forthepaperrockettotravelinouterspace.Itwasn’ta(n)__10__job，butthefinalresultwasthattheboyturnedthewallofhis__11__intotheGalaxy(银河系)byfixingallthestarsandplanetshehadmadetothewall.Fromthenon，theboy__12__playingwithhispaperrocketeveryday.Oneday，a__13__cametovisithim，andintheboy’sbedroomhesawthepaperrocketaswellastheamazingwall.Thefriendwantedto__14__toyrocketswiththeboy.Theboy__15__itatonce.Afterthattheboyplayedwithhisnewrocketeveryday，buthewouldmissmoreandmorehisold__16__.Really，hepreferredplayingwiththatone.He__17__thatitwasmuchmoreinterestingtoplaywithtoyshehadmadehimself，withgreat__18__andenthusiasm.9\nAndsoitwas.Theboystartedmakingallhistoysbyhimselfand__19__enjoyedplayingwiththem，andhebecamethegreatesttoymakerinthewholeworld__20__hegrewup.一枚纸火箭成就了世界上最伟大的玩具制造商。1．A.Besides B．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Somehow解析：然而，这个男孩儿没有多少钱，他甚至连一枚玩具火箭都买不起。答案：B2．A.heavyB．newC．brokenD．abandoned解析：根据后文“theconsequenceofafactorymalfunction”可知，这是个被遗弃的箱子。答案：D3．A.KickingB．MovingC．OpeningD．Stealing解析：根据后文“hefound...inside”可知，这个男孩儿打开了箱子。答案：C4．A.paperB．woodC．metalD．cloth解析：根据第二段最后一句中的“thepaperrocket”可知，这是一枚纸火箭。答案：A5．A.satisfiedB．astonishedC．embarrassedD．disappointed解析：根据前文“hefoundtherewasonlyonerocketinside，madeofdodgy...”可知，这个男孩儿在箱子里只发现一枚火箭，而且材料还有破损。因此可知，这个男孩儿非常失望。答案：D6．A.testingB．improvingC．sendingD．operating解析：根据文章首句“Therewasonceaboywhosegreatestdreamwastohavearocketandsendittothemoon.”可知，这个男孩儿最大的梦想就是拥有一枚火箭，并把它发射到月球上。因此可知，得到火箭之后他便要为火箭的发射工作作准备了。后文“forthepaperrockettotravelinouterspace”也给予了提示。答案：C9\n7．A.savedB．boughtC．donatedD．collected解析：根据语境可知，这个男孩儿收集了各种各样的纸。答案：D8．A.spokeofB．setaboutC．cameupwithD．lookedforwardto解析：准备好材料之后，他便开始着手制造星星和行星。答案：B9．A.simpleB．coolC．possibleD．necessary解析：根据后文“turned...intotheGalaxybyfixingallthestarsandplanetshehadmadetothewall”可知，制造星星和行星的目的是构成银河系，从而让纸火箭在外太空飞行成为可能。答案：C10．A.easyB．particularC．ridiculousD．impressive解析：对于一个孩子来说，这不是一件容易的事情。答案：A11．A.bathroomB．bedroomC．livingroomD．kitchen解析：根据后文“intheboy’sbedroomhesawthepaperrocketaswellastheamazingwall”可知，这个男孩儿把星星和行星粘在卧室的墙上。答案：B12．A.enjoyedB．hatedC．forgotD．regretted解析：从那以后，这个男孩儿每天都很享受玩他的纸火箭。答案：A13．A.strangerB．relativeC．friendD．teacher解析：根据后文“Thefriend”可知，一天，这个男孩儿的朋友来拜访他。答案：C14．A.makeB．repairC．shareD．exchange解析：根据后文“Afterthattheboyplayedwithhisnewrocketevery9\nday”可知，这个男孩儿的朋友要和他交换火箭。答案：D15．A.refusedB．avoidedC．acceptedD．considered解析：这个男孩儿同意了他朋友的请求。答案：C16．A.rocketB．companionC．houseD．playground解析：根据后文“Really，hepreferredplayingwiththatone.”可知，男孩越来越想念他原来的那个火箭。答案：A17．A.ensuredB．realizedC．guaranteedD．noticed解析：这个男孩儿意识到还是玩他自己花大量精力和热情制造出来的玩具更有趣。答案：B18．A.effortB．confidenceC．courageD．determination解析：参考上题解析可知答案。答案：A19．A.actuallyB．reallyC．probablyD．eventually解析：根据前文“Andsoitwas(的确如此)．”可知，这个男孩儿之后玩的所有玩具都是他自己制造的，而且他真的非常享受玩这些玩具。答案：B20．A.althoughB．untilC．becauseD．when解析：当这个男孩儿长大以后，他成为了世界上最伟大的玩具制造商。答案：D三、短文填空根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ShakeitoffandtakeastepupOnedayafarmer’sdonkeyfellintoanabandonedwell.__1__Finally，hedecidedtheanimalwasoldandthewellneededtobecoveredupanyway；soitjustwasn’t9\nworthittohimtotrytogetbackthedonkey.Heinvitedallhisneighbourstocomeoverandhelphim.__2__Realisingwhatwashappening，thedonkeyatfirstcriedandwailed(衰号)horribly.Then，afewshovelfulslater，hequieteddowncompletely.Thefarmerlookeddownintothewell，andwasastonishedbywhathesaw.Witheveryshovelfulofdirtthathithisback，thedonkeywasdoingsomethingamazing.__3__Asthefarmer’sneighbourscontinuedtoshovel(铲)，hewouldstillshakeitoffandtakeastepup.__4__Lifeisgoingtoshoveldirtonyou，allkindsofdirt.Thetricktogettingoutofthewellistonotletitburyyou，buttoshakeitoffandtakeastepup.Eachofourtroublesisasteppingstone.Wecangetoutofthedeepestwellsjustbynotstopping，nevergivingup！Shakeitoffandtakeastepup!__5__A．Andfinally，thedonkeygavethefarmerwhotriedtoburyhimagoodkicking.B．Prettysoon，thedonkeysteppedupovertheedgeofthewell.C．Theyeachgraspedashovelandbegantoshoveldirtintothewell.D．Shakeitoffandtakeastepup.E．Hewouldshakeitoffandtakeastepuponthenewlayerofdirt.F．Thedonkeycouldnotbreathe.G．Theanimalcriedpiteously(可怜地)forhoursasthefarmertriedtofigureoutwhattodo.答案：1.G 2.C 3.E 4.B 5.A四、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。LastweekendIwenttotheSummerPalaceasusually.Ataboutnoon，IwasenjoyingmyreadingnearalakewhilesuddenlyIhearsomeonecryingforhelp.Iwentupto9\nseewhatwashappening.Iwasshockingtofindalittlechildstrugglinginthewaterinthedistancewhilemanypeopleswerestandingbywithoutdoinganything.Withoutanyhesitation，IhadpushedthroughthecrowdasItookoffmycoat，butjumpedintothewaterquickly.Imanagedtoreachhimandcarriedhimbacktosafety.Tohisgreatrelief，thekidwassaved.IwasproudwhatIhaddone.Ihopeeveryonecangivehandwhensomeoneelseisinneed.9
