Unit1 WomenofachievementⅠ.单词拼写1．Nomatterwhichcountryyoutravelto,youshould________(遵守)thelawoftheland.2．Havingalargefamilyto________(支撑，养活),hetookuptwoparttimejobsinhissparetime.3．Heissuchagreatmanthatallofusshowour________(尊敬)forhim.4．Thelittleboy'sbad________(行为，举止)atthepartymadehisparentsupset.5．Herresearchshowedthe________(关系)betweenchimpsandhumanbeings.6．PaulRobertson's________(成就)asbothanactorandaconcertperformergainedhisinternationalrecognitionintheearly1940's.7．Wehadan________(争论)aboutpolitics.8．Sheisdueto________(发表)alectureongeneticengineering.9．________(激励)bytheteacher'swords,heisdeterminedtostudyharderthanbefore.10．Hethinksit________(值得的)todevoteallhislifetoteachingsincehehaswongreatrespectfromhisstudents.答案：1.observe 2.support 3.respect 4.behaviour 5.connections 6.achievements 7.argument 8.deliver 9.Inspired10．worthwhileⅡ.完成句子1．如今，越来越多的年轻人花太多的时间来上网。Nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeople________________________________________surfingtheInternet.2．尽管穷，他们也不应该受到轻视。Althoughpoor,theyshouldnot________________________________.3．冬季流感爆发时要尽可能多喝些水。Whenflubrokeoutinwinter,drink________________________________________.4．当人群涌入时，我碰巧遇见一位朋友。Whenthepeople________________，I______________afriendofmine.5．只有当我长大成人的时候，我才会嫁给一个我爱的人。OnlyafterIgrowup________________________amanthatIlove.答案：1.devotetoomuchtimeto 2.belookeddownupon/on 3.asmuchwateras8\npossible 4.crowdedin;cameacross 5.canImarryⅢ.单项填空1．When______anewword,you'dbetter______adictionary.A．comeacross;refertoB．comingacross;consultC．comingacross;lookupD．comeacross;lookthrough答案：B 考查短语。句意：当遇到新词时，你最好查查词典。comeacross“遇到，发现”；consult“查询”。2．FromMum'slove,patienceandunderstanding,Ihavelearnedwhatahugeresponsibility________istoraiseachild.A．it B．thatC．thisD．one答案：A 考查it的用法。句意：从母亲的爱、耐心和理解中，我知道了养育孩子是多么重大的职责。it指代不定式toraiseachild。3．Strangelyenough,somebooks______forchildrenhavebecomepopularamongadults!A．intendedB．tointendC．intendingD．intend答案：A 考查非谓语动词。句意：奇怪的是，一些为孩子们写的书在成年人中很受欢迎。beintendedfor“为……而(做、建)；供……用”，因此intend与books之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词。4．—Mum,canIhaveanotherpieceofbread?—________.A．BehaveyourselfB．HelpyourselfC．YougotitD．Youarewelcome答案：B 考查交际用语。Helpyourself“请自己动手用餐吧”。再如：Helpyourselftothisapplepie.请吃点苹果馅饼。behaveyourself“行为规矩些”；yougotit“你理解了它”；youarewelcome“没事，不客气”。5．Itisrequiredthatalltrafficparticipantsshould________thetrafficrulestomaketrafficsaferandfaster.A．performB．possessC．observeD．support答案：C 考查动词。observethetrafficrules“遵守交通规则”。8\n6．Itisvery________ofyounottotalkaloudwhilethebabyisasleep.A．concernedB．carefulC．considerableD．considerate答案：D 考查形容词。句意：你真是太体贴人了，小孩睡觉时不大声说话。considerate“体贴人的，考虑仔细的”；concerned“担心的，忧虑的”；careful“仔细的，认真的”；considerable“相当多的”。7．Iwouldn'tthinkit________toaskhimto________theclub—he'llonlyrefuse.A．worthwhile;joinB．worthwhile;joininC．worth;joinD．worth;joinin答案：A 考查句式和词汇辨析。worth后接doing，不接不定式，因此排除C、D两项；jointheclub“加入俱乐部”。joinin后加活动。8．Iwasabouttogiveupmyeffortwhenagoodidea________me.A．attractedB．beatC．caughtD．hit答案：D 句意：我正要放弃努力时，突然想到了一个好主意。hit在此表示“突然想到”。9．—Whatwilltheshopownerdonext?—Hewillhaveallthesegoodsordered________tothecustomerstoday.A．todeliverB．deliveringC．deliveredD．deliver答案：C 考查句式。答语句意：今天，他将让人把人们预定的所有货物发送出去。ordered在此处作后置定语，所考固定搭配是havesth.done。10．(2022·滨州模拟)________Iamdeterminedtodosomething,IwillsticktoitnomatterwhatdifficultyIface.A．UnlessB．BeforeC．ThoughD．Once答案：D 句意：一旦我决定干某事，不管有多大困难我都要坚持。unless“除非”；before“在……之前”；though“虽然”；once“一旦”，故D项符合句意。11．(2022·长春统考)Itisdifficultforusto________aconversationwithallthisnoisearoundus.A．carryonB．accountforC．bringupD．getacross答案：A 句意：周围的噪音使我们很难继续我们的谈话。carryon“继续”符合句意。8\n12．Onlywhenhestartedtoexplain________thereasonforthis.A．sherealizedB．didsherealizeC．shehadrealizedD．hadsherealized答案：B “only＋状语从句”放在句首时，主句部分倒装，把助动词提前。句意：直到他开始解释的时候，她才了解这件事的原因。13．They________thetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.A．sawB．watchedC．noticedD．observed答案：B 句意：他们看着火车，直到它在远处消失。watch“注视”，符合语境。see“看见”；notice“注意”；observe“观察，遵守”。14．Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Mypupils,Donnieincluded,all________herverymuch.A．respectedB．dislikedC．avoidedD．minded答案：A 句意：她年轻、漂亮，爱孩子们，我的学生们，包括唐尼，都非常尊敬她。根据句意，此处要用respect，表示“尊敬”。dislike“不喜欢”；avoid“避免”；mind“介意”。15．(2022·东城区第二次联考)Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,________interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.A．wereB．wasC．isD．are答案：B 考查时态和主谓一致。由aswellas连接的两个词或短语做主语时，谓语动词的单复数的判定由第一个词或短语决定。因此此句由Thebasketballcoach决定用单数；再由时间状语shortlyafterthematch可知用一般过去时。Ⅳ.阅读理解A(2022·河北重点中学联考)ScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls,carryingthemarounduntiltheyhavechildrenoftheirown.Youngmalesengageinsuchbehaviormuchlessfrequently.ThenewworkbySonyaM.KahlenbergandRichardW.Wrangham,describedthisweekinthejournalCurrentBiology,providesthefirstevidenceofawildnonhumanspeciesplayingwithdolls,aswellasthefirstknownsexdifferenceinawildanimal'schoiceofplaythings.8\nThetworesearcherssaytheirworkaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethathumanchildrenareprobablybornwiththeirownideasofhowtheywanttobehave,ratherthansimplymirroringothergirlswhoplaywithdollsandboyswhoplaywithtrucks.Dollplayamonghumanscouldhaveitsoriginsinobject—carryingbyearlierapes(猿类),theysay,suggestingthattoyselectionisprobablynotdueentirelytosocialization.“Inhumans,thereareobvioussexdifferencesinchildren'stoyplay,andtheseareremarkablysimilaracrosscultures，”saysKahlenberg.“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeentheprimaryexplanation,ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences.”In14yearsofdataonchimpanzeebehaviorattheKibaleNationalParkinUganda,KahlenbergandWranghamcountedmorethan100examplesofstickcarrying.Someyoungchimpanzeescarriedsticksintothenesttosleepwiththemandononeoccasionbuiltaseparatenestforthestick.“Wehaveseenjuvenilesoccasionallycarryingsticksformanyyears,andbecausetheysometimestreatedthemratherlikedolls,wewantedtoknowifingeneralthisbehaviortendedtorepresentsomethinglikeplayingwithdolls，”saysWrangham,aProfessoratHarvard.“Ifthedollhypothesis(假设)wasright,wethoughtthatfemalesshouldcarrysticksmorethanmalesdo,andthatthechimpanzeesshouldstopcarryingstickswhentheyhadtheirfirstchild.Wehavenowwatchedenoughyoungchimpanzeestoprovebothpoints.”文章大意：动物心理是科学家们研究的一个重要领域。在黑猩猩的世界里，雌性黑猩猩常把棍子当作洋娃娃抱在怀里，而雄性黑猩猩却较少这样做。这是为什么呢？1．Whatdoesafemalechimpanzeedowithsticks?A．Shegivesthemtoherchildtoplaywith.B．Shetreatsthemasdolls.C．Shemakesusefultoolsfromthem.D．Shetreatsthemasweapons.答案：B 细节理解题。由第一段“ScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls”可知。2．Whatcausesthedifferenttoyselectionofchimpanzees,accordingtothepassage?A．Sexdifference.B．Socialization.C．Environment.D．Culturaldifference.答案：A 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“Youngmalesengageinsuchbehavior8\nmuchlessfrequently.”可知。3．Wecaninferfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A．socializationhasnothingtodowithhuman'schoiceofplaythingsB．sexdifferenceistheonlyfactorinhuman'schoiceofplaythingsC．thebiologyfactormayalsoinfluencetoychoiceD．peoplechoosedifferenttoysindifferentcultures答案：C 细节理解题。由第四段“ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences”可知。4．Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.A．bothhumansandchimpanzeeschoosetheirplaythingsduetosexdifferenceB．differentfactorscausehumansandchimpanzeestochoosedifferentplaythingsC．onlyfemalechimpanzeeshaveplaythingsD．chimpanzeesusuallychooseplaythingsfortheirchildren答案：A 推理判断题。文章讲到，雌性黑猩猩常把棍子当作洋娃娃抱在怀里，而雄性黑猩猩却较少这样做；同时还提到，女孩子和男孩子玩的玩具不同。故选A项。B(2022·淄博一模)MaricelApatan,22,standsinthekitchenoftheEdsaShangiLaHotelinManila,preparingtodecorateacheesecake.Itwouldseemtobearoutinetaskforacakechef，butMaricelisnoordinarychef—shehasnohands.MaricelhascomealongwaysincethedayinSeptember2000whensheandherunclewereattackedneartheirfarm.Fortunately,bothofthemsurvived,butthe11yearoldgirllostherhands.In2022，sheenteredaManilatrainingcentreforpeoplewithdisabilities.Shelearnedhowtowriteanddohouseworkand，moreimportantly,cametotermswithherdisability.Aftergraduationfromhighschool,shetookatwoyearHotelandRestaurant8\nManagementcourseandflourishedeventhoughshewastheonlydisabledstudentinthecourse.AftershemovedbacktoManilatocontinueherstudies,themediastartedreportingonthisdeterminedyoungwoman.Shedidn'tshyawayfromtheattention.“Iwantedotherslivingwithdisabilitiestobelieveit'spossibletoliveanormallife，”Maricelsays.WhenmanagersattheEdsaShangriLaHotelsawMaricelontelevision,theyhiredheraspartofthehotel'sCareforPeopleproject.Shehasalsoaccomplishedhergoalofinspiringothers.OneofthemisRonelynCalumpiano,a21yearoldwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫)．ShesawMaricelontelevisionandwasmovedbyherconfidence.RonelynwillsoonstartclassesandisalreadyplanningacareerinIT.Maricel'sthreeyoungersistershavemovedtoManila.Shepaysfortherentoftheirsmallapartment，whiletheirparentslookaftertheirfamilyfarminMindanao.“ItisdifficulttomakeendsmeetbutIdon'tlosehope.Ibelieveanythingispossibleifyoudream,workhardandpray.”文章大意：22岁的MaricelApatan是一位失去了双手的残疾人，但是她没有放弃希望，努力自立自强。5．“Maricelisnoordinarychef”because________.A.sheisbetterthanotherchefsB.sheisphysicallydisabledC.shecandoaroutinetaskD.sheisgoodatdecoratingcakes答案：B 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“Itwouldseemtobearoutinetaskforacakechef，butMaricelisnoordinarychef—shehasnohands.”可知，Maricel没有了双手，是一位残疾人。6．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMaricel?A.Shesurvivedwhileheruncledidnot.B.Shedidn'tshyawayfrompublicattention.C.Shehasinspiredsomedisabledpeople.D.Shemanagedtomakealivingbyherself.答案：A 细节理解题。由第二段第二句话“Fortunately,bothofthemsurvived,butthe11yearoldgirllostherhands.”可知，她们二人都幸存了下来。所以A项错误。7．Theunderlinedword“flourished”inParagraph3issimilarinmeaningto________.A.wasrejectedB.wasemployed8\nC.recoveredwellD.developedwell答案：D 猜测词义题。所在句意是“她参加了课程培训，而且学习得很好，尽管她是班上唯一的一位残疾学生”。8．Accordingtothetext,Ronelyn________.A.worksinanITcompanyB.wasinspiredbyMaricelC.oncelivedinMindanaoD.hasalreadystartedclasses答案：B 细节理解题。由第四段最后三句话可知，Ronelyn受到了Maricel的鼓舞，准备接受培训，在IT业从事工作。9．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthetext?A.Weshouldbedeterminedandneverlosehope.B.Weshouldn'tlookdownuponthedisabled.C.Weshouldhelpthosewhosufferdisabilities.D.Weshouldfeelsympathyfortheunfortunate.答案：A 推理判断题。由文章大意可知，我们应当学习Maricel的事迹，从中学习她坚强的毅力和不放弃的精神。8
