第1讲单句语法填空1．Itwasa________(fog)coldmorningwhenhesetofffortheremotevillage.foggy [设空处应填入名词fog的形容词形式foggy。]2．Itisobviousthat________(nature)disastershavecontributedtothecontinent'seconomiccrisis.natural [设空处应填入名词nature的形容词形式natural。]3．Themeetingsupposedtobe________(success)turnedouttobeafailureintheend.successful [设空处应填入名词success的形容词形式successful。]4．Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis,noknowledgeis________(use)．useless [设空处应填入名词use的形容词形式useless。]5．Themoralofthe________(origin)storyisthatadevotedpersoncertainlydeservesrespect.original [设空处应填入名词origin的形容词形式original。]6．Surelythereissomewayoforderingourbusylivessothatwecanliveincomfortandfind________(spirit)harmonytoo.spiritual [设空处应填入名词spirit的形容词形式spiritual。]7．Theclubhasa________(member)ofmorethan500．membership [member“会员”，membership“会员人数”。]8．Meninthepostoffice________(class)mailsaccordingtoplacestheyaretogo.classify [“把邮件分类”，设空处缺少动词，class是名词，classify是动词。]9．Factshaveprovedthatsheisatalented________(music)aswellasbeingaphotographer.musician [music“音乐”，musician“音乐家；作曲家”。]10．GoldenPebbleBeachisfamousforitsbeautiful________(nature)scenery.natural [句意：金石滩因它美丽的自然景色而出名。设空处修饰后面的名词scenery，\n应用形容词，故填natural，意为“自然的”。]语法填空ATheMantaResortisaremoteandluxurioushotel，locatedontheislandofPemba，andfamedforitsuniqueunderwaterroomthatallowsgueststoenjoythe1．________(beauty)marinelifeoftheIndianOceanfromthecomfortoftheirbed!Theunusualroomfloatsalmost250metersawayfromthecoastand2．________(hold)inplacebyseveralanchorlines(锚索)leadingtotheoceanfloor.Thetoptwofloorsoftheunderwaterroomareabovethesurfaceofthewater.Atsealevel，thelandingdeck(甲板)in3．________middlecontainsanareaforrestinganddiningaswellasthebathroomfacilities.4．________(guest)canalsoclimbaladderontothetopdecktolieout5．________thesunorgazeupatthestarsduringthenight.Ofcourse，therealattractionisthebedroomonthebottomlevel，6．________sitsfourmetersbeneaththesurfaceofthewater.Besidesadoublebed7．________(lie)on，theroomalsohastwolargewindowsoneachwall，8．________(give)almostatotal360degreeviewofthewateraroundit.Eachwindowevenhasunderwaterspotlightsontheoutsidethatattractandilluminate(照明)nearbyseacreaturesatnight，soguestscanwatchthemastheydriftofftosleep.Asyoucan9．________(probable)guess，thecostofenjoyingsuchahotelroomisn'tcheap.SpendingonenightintheunderwaterroomcostsUS$1，500fortwopeopleontopoftheregularcostoftheresort，which10．________(vary)dependingonthetimeofyearanddurationofyourstay.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了坐落在印度洋Pemba岛上的水下宾馆客房。1．beautiful [考查形容词。根据空格后的“marinelife”可知，此处需要用形容词修饰名词，故填beauty的形容词形式beautiful。]2．isheld [考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文的“floats”可知，此处用一般现在时，同时“Theunusualroom”与“hold”之间是被动关系，故需要用被动语态。]3．the [考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示“中间部分的甲板”，故用定冠词the。inthemiddle“在中间”是固定用法。]4．Guests [考查名词单复数。空前无限定词，所以需要用guest的复数形式。]5．in [考查介词。客人们可以爬上梯子到顶层甲板上去晒晒太阳。inthesun表示“在阳光下”。]\n6．which [考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，此处的先行词是前面的thebedroom，且空处在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以填which。]7．tolie [考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示“除了一张可以躺在上面的双人床之外”，故应用不定式作后置定语，来修饰adoublebed。]8．giving [考查非谓语动词。此处逻辑主语是前面的twolargewindowsoneachwall，与give构成主谓关系，故用动词的ing形式giving。]9．probably [考查副词。根据空后的“guess”可知，此处需填副词修饰谓语动词，故用probable的副词形式probably。]10．varies [考查时态和主谓一致。根据主句的costs可知此处应用一般现在时，which指代theregularcostoftheresort，所以需要用vary的第三人称单数形式varies。]BMorethan70percentofkingpenguinscould11．________(wipe)outbyrisingoceantemperatures，accordingtoarecentsurvey.Theirtotalpopulationof1.6milliontodaycouldbereducedbymorethan1.1millionby2100.12．________，manypeopleareoptimisticbecausethesestatisticsshowthatthebirdsarenotendangeredatpresent.13．________(rate)as“ofleastconcern”，theyoccupythelowestcategoryof14．________(extinct)risk.ButthatcouldchangeastheirfishsuppliesmovefurtherintotheSouthernOcean，wherethereisonlya15．________(hand)ofislandstoprovideahomeforthebirds.Kingpenguinsrequireremoteislands16．________arenottoocold，havenowinterseaiceandnofierceanimals.Iftheyhavetoswimmorethan435milesonaroundtriptohuntforfish，theirwaitingchildrencanstarvetodeathastheirfatreservesbecomesteadily17．________(few)．Itcantakeaparentthreemonths18．________(deliver)fishtoitsyoung.Thescientists，fromtheUniversityofStrasbourginFrance，whosestudy19．________(publish)inthejournalNatureClimateChangesofar，warnthattheeffectsoffishpopulationmovingfurthersouthcouldgiverise20．________alargepopulationcrashofthepenguins.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了一项研究调查，该调查表明，超过70%的帝企鹅可能会因海洋温度上升而灭绝。11．bewiped [考查动词的语态。句意：最近的一项调查表明，超过70%的帝企鹅可能会因海洋温度上升而灭绝。could为情态动词，后应接动词原形；主语Morethan70percentofkingpenguins与动词短语wipeout之间为被动关系，故设空处应用被动语态。故填be\nwiped。]12．However [考查副词。句意：它们现在的总数量为160万，到2100年可能会减少110多万。然而，许多人对此持乐观态度，因为这些统计数据显示，这些企鹅目前并未面临灭绝危险。根据句意可知，设空处在句中作状语且前后内容之间为转折关系，故填However。]13．Rated [考查非谓语动词。句意：作为“最不受关注”的物种，它们濒临灭绝的风险最低。句中已有谓语动词occupy，动词rate所在部分与occupy所在句之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语形式，且rate和其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填rated。注意首字母大写。]14．extinction [考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。结合句意可知，此处表示“灭绝风险”，应用extinctionrisk。故填extinction。]15．handful [考查词性转换。ahandfulof为固定搭配，意为“少数……”。故填handful。]16．that/which [考查定语从句。句意：帝企鹅适合生活在不太冷、冬天没有海冰、没有凶猛动物的偏远岛屿。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为remoteislands，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。]17．fewer [考查形容词的比较等级。句意：如果它们往返游超过435英里去捕鱼，它们嗷嗷待哺的孩子可能会饿死，因为这些小企鹅的脂肪储备越来越少。设空处位于系动词become后作表语，且结合句意可知，此处表示脂肪储备与之前相比更少，应用形容词的比较级形式。故填fewer。]18．todeliver [考查非谓语动词。句意：父母可能要花三个月的时间才能把鱼送到幼崽那里。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”，其中It为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填todeliver。]19．hasbeenpublished [考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：法国斯特拉斯堡大学的科学家们目前在《自然气候变化》期刊上发表了研究报告，他们警告说，鱼类进一步向南迁移可能会导致企鹅数量大量减少。设空处为whose引导的非限制性定语从句中的谓语，根据sofar可知，该定语从句应用现在完成时；从句主语study和动词publish之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；且从句主语study为单数，故填hasbeenpublished。]20．to [考查介词。句意见上一题解析。giveriseto为固定搭配，意为“引起；导致”。故填to。]
