2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（十）Exercise1：长难句分析1.Thecomputerburstintolifeandsecondlater,thescreenturnedintocolors,shiftingandchangingandthentwobigwhitewordsappearedinthecenterofthescreen:“SPACETRANSPORTER.”【句式翻译】【句式分析】【词语点拨】burstinto…匆匆进入（某处）；突然开始（某事）；突然进入（某种状态）门忽然推开，他闯进了屋来。突然，比赛中的那辆领先的车出现了。飞机突然起火,机上的两名飞行员丧生。2.Peopletodaypreferlivingtogethertoputtingtheirsignaturesonamarriagecertificatebecausetheyrefusetoacceptresponsibilityfortherelationship.【句式翻译】【句式分析】【词语点拨】prefervt.更喜欢；宁愿有些人喜欢在海滩上躺着,但我喜欢去游览.表示“宁愿……而不愿……”，“喜欢……而不喜欢……”，其基本句型是：①prefer…to…，主要用于比较两个名词或动名词我喜欢海边，不喜欢山区。我喜欢少讲课，多提问我的学生。②prefer…ratherthan…，主要用于比较两个不定式（后面的不定式通常省略to，但前面的不定式必须带to）\n他喜欢读书而不喜欢看电视。【语法点拨】1）不定式todo作宾语，具体用法参见第27句。2）doing作宾语，具体用法参见第31句。3.Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuittobeenjoyedbyall,theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus,aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.【句式翻译】【句式分析】【词语点拨】1)inadditionto除……之外，后接名词或动名词inaddition此外；还有除工资外，他每月还有五百元钱奖金。我们需要金钱和时间，此外我还需要机遇。2）aswellas既……又；……和……。aswellas连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。如：这孩子既健康又活泼。我们在粉刷墙壁同时也在修理屋顶。老师和几个学生正在实验室做实验。【语法点拨】1）doing作宾语，2)不定式todo做宾补的用法：①常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise,cause,expect,force,get,order,permit,tell,want,warn,wish,prefer,allow等。如：这个母亲允许儿子一周玩两次电脑游戏。\n老师告诉我不要再犯同样的错误。②感官动词feel，listento，hear，see，lookat,watch，notice，observe后和使役动词let，make，have后，跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略不定式符号to。如：我没看到那个人打开门出去了。刚才我看见露西匆忙去车站了。他给我们讲了一个笑话，让我们立刻笑了。③在被动语态中，动词不定式在感官动词后作主语补足语时，不定式符号to不省略。如：工人们被迫干活到深夜。4.Thechallengeinvites,evendaresschoolstudentsbetweentheagesof5and14tocreateartworkorapieceofwritingthatshowstheircuriosityandhowitinspiresthemtoexploretheirworld.【解析】【翻译】5.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons–anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdsintheworld.【解析】【翻译】Exercise2：阅读练习TeachingPoetryNopoemshouldeverbediscussedor“analysed”,untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,readittwice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesoundofthepoemisthelast\nthingonehears.Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling“interpretation”ofit—suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadinhisorherownvoice,onrecordsoronfilms,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit.Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan“analysing”it,ifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis“acriticismoflife”,and“aheighteningoflife”.Itis“anapproachtothetruthoffeeling”,anditcan“saveyourlife”.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtocommunicatethistoanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssoundaswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit. 1.Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoem,oneshould . A.analyzeitbyoneselfB.discussitwithothersC.practisereadingitaloudD.copyitdowninanotebook2.Accordingtothewriter,oneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents. A.toenjoypoetryB.tobecomepoetsC.tobecometeachersD.tounderstandlife3.Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?\nA.Theteachingofpoetryismoreimportantthananyothersubject.B.Moreimportanceshouldbegiventotheteachingofpoetry.C.Poetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecourses.D.Onecannotenjoylifefullywithoutanunderstandingofpoetry.4.Theunderlinedphrase“makeroom”inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby“ ”. A.provideequipmentB.buildaschoolC.setupahouseD.leaveacertainamountoftime参考答案1.【句式翻译】电脑突然活跃起来，几秒钟后屏幕变成彩色，图像开始不断变换，然后屏幕中间出现两个白色大字：“空间运输车”。【句式分析】本句是并列连词and连接的复合句，shiftingandchanging在句中作伴随状语。Thedoorwassuddenlypushedopenandheburstintothehouse.Suddenlytheleadingcarintheraceburstintosight.Theplaneburstintoflames,killingtwooftheairmenonboard.2.【句式翻译】现在的人宁可同居，却不愿在结婚证上签字，因为他们拒绝为这种关系负责。【句式分析】本句是复合句，because在句中引导原因状语从句，livingtogether，puttingtheirsignatures和toaccept都作宾语。Somepeopleliketolieonthebeach,butIprefergoing/togosightseeing.Iprefertheseasidetothemountains.Ipreferquestioningmypupilstolecturingthem.Hepreferstoreadratherthanwatchtelevision.3.【句式翻译】除了鼓励把阅读当作所有的人的一种追求外，这个项目还允许陌生人在汽车上通过讨论这本书来交流，同时宣传把阅读当作家庭和学校共享的一次体验。【句式分析】本句是简单句，the\nprogram作主语，allows作谓语，strangers作宾语，tocommunicate…作宾补，encouraging…和discussing…都作介词宾语。Inadditiontohissalary,hehasabonusof500yuanpermonth.Weneedmoneyandtime;inaddition,weneedopportunity.Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.Wearerepairingtheroofaswellaspaintingthewalls.Theteacheraswellasseveralstudentsisdoingexperimentsinthelab.Themotherpermitshersontoplaycomputergamestwiceaweek.Myteachertoldmenottomakethesamemistakeagain.Ididn’tobservethemanopenthedoorandgoout.IsawLucyhurrytothestationjustnow.Hetoldusajoke,whichmadeuslaughimmediately.Theworkersaremadetoworkfarintothenight.4.【解析】that引导定语从句，在定语从句中，theircuriosity和how引导的从句并列作show的宾语。【翻译】这个挑战赛邀请，甚至挑战5到14岁的在校生创作艺术品或写一篇文章，来展示他们的好奇心，并告诉我们它如何激发他们去探索自我世界。5.【解析】本句在“Itbe+过去分词+that从句”结构；从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句；3billionpassengerpigeons和anumberequal…是同位关系。此外，还有一个现在分词短语“making…”作结果状语。【翻译】据统计，当旅鸽数量达到最多时，曾超过了30亿只，这个数量相当于美国鸟类总数的24%-40%，使旅鸽成为世界上数量最为庞大的鸟类。【语篇导读】文章讲述作者作为英语教师,其目的之一就是让学生喜欢诗歌,并会在课堂上留出些时间来让学生听诗歌、思考诗歌。1.C细节理解题。根据文章的第一句“Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor‘analysed’,untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone”以及第二段的第一句“Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud”可知,C项正确。2A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslove\npoetry.”可知,作为英语教师我们的目的之一就是让学生喜欢诗歌,所以选A项。3.B句意理解题。第三段最后一句是指诗歌应该在语言和文学教学中占有更重要的地位。由此可知,应该更重视诗歌教学。4.D词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的“intheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit”可知,此处想表达在课堂要留出些时间来让学生听诗歌、思考诗歌。
