2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（七）Exercise1：长难句分析1.At12yearsoldshewonaGuinnessRecordwhenshebecametheyoungestfemaletowinthewomen’sworldtitleforplatformdivingattheWorldChampionshipsinAustraliain1991.【句式翻译】【句式分析】【词语点拨】championshipn.冠军称号；锦标赛我们为你赢得冠军而骄傲。本届锦标赛的所有金牌都被这个队夺得。2.Togetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditupwithanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffee.【句式翻译】【句式分析】【词语点拨】1)getridof摆脱；除去如何清除空气污染仍然是个大问题。2)measuren.尺寸；措施；手段vt.&vi.测量；有……长（宽、高等）钟是用来计量时间的。这个房间宽十米。史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做新衣服。我们必须采取措施防止水被污染。3.Havingidentifiedthetargetgroup,researchersfindoutasmuchaspossible\naboutthoseinthetargetgroup,suchastheirlikesanddislikes,andhowtheproductwouldfitintotheirlives.【句式翻译】【句式分析】【词语点拨】identifyvt.识别，认出你能从100自行车中认出你的那一辆吗？坏天气被认为可能导致了这个事故。【语法点拨】havingdone可以作状语，此时，它代表的动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，它的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致。如：由于没有尽最大努力，他这次考试没能通过。由于对形势的深刻了解，他们有效地处理了问题。4.However,hethenwentontotalkaboutMrObamainawaywhichsuggestedhehadnoideaofhisbackgroundatall.IsensedthatIwastalkingtoabookliar.【解析】【翻译】5.Itfurtherrequiresthatwhenopinionsarefromtheopposite,thedoctordoesn'toverreact,whichmightpreventfellowdoctorsfromvoicingopinionsagain.【解析】【翻译】Exercise2：阅读练习Smartphoneshavebeenblamedforeverythingfromtakingdrivers’attentionfromdrivingtokeepingpeopleonthesofascrolling(滚屏)videos.Butthesmartphonethatseemstobeeverywherecouldjusteasilyincreasephysicalactivitiesifitpushesitsowner’sbuttonsintherightway.Newresearchshowsthatmakingsocialconnectionsthroughactivity-tracking\nappsgetspeopletomovemore.Andaseparatestudyonthissummer’s“PokemonGo”phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamegotplayerstotakemorestepsthanusual.Together,thestudiesshowthepotentialforsmartphonestopusharangeofpeopletobemoreactive.Peoplewholinkedwithfriendsontheactivity-trackingappincreasedtheirstepsby400adayonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomadenosocialconnections,accordingtoTimAlthoffandtwoothercomputerscientistsatStanfordUniversity.Theeffectofsocialconnectionsdeclined,butremainedsignificantforfivemonthsbeforethenumbersfellbackevenwithuserswhomadenoconnections.Suchinsightsshowthepromiseofsmartphonesandgamestohelpwithoneofthemoststubbornpublichealthproblems—thatevenpeoplewhowanttobeactivehavetroublestayingactive.AnNBAvideogame,forexample,givesplayersextrapowerinthegameiftheyreachastepgoalinreallife.Theapp“Zombies,Run!”usesaudiostoriestopushpeopletorunmoreorrunfaster.Still,thereisroomforgrowth.Onlyabout4%ofallhealthappsuse“gamification”,accordingtoastudypublishedinOctoberinBMJOpen.“Gamificationisactuallyquitecloselylinkedwithbehaviorchangetechniques,”saysDr.ElizabethAnnEdwards,thestudy’sleadauthorandadoctorandresearcheratQueenMaryUniversityofLondon.1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsmartphones?A.Theyleadtopeople’slackofphysicalactivity.B.Theywillmakepeoplehavemoreconnections.C.Theycanhavevideogamesmoreinteresting.D.Theycaninvolvetheirusersinmoreexercise.2.Accordingto“PokemonGo”phenomenon,smartphoneusersbecomemoreactivebecause . A.theyhavemoresocialconnectionsB.theygetextrapowersinlife\nC.thegamesincreasephysicalactivitiesD.alifegoalhasbeensetstepbystep3.Whoaremostlikelytoexercisemore?A.Videowatchersonthesofa.B.Smartphonegamelovers.C.Peoplewithnosocialconnections.D.Peoplewithtroublestayingactive.4.Howdoestheauthortrytoprovetheeaseofsmartphones?A.Byshowingtheresultsofsomeresearches.B.Byexplainingthefunctionsofsmartphones.C.Bygivingvividdescriptionofsomegames.D.Byanalyzingthecausesofpublichealthproblems.参考答案1.【句式翻译】1991年，12岁的伏明霞就获得了一项吉尼斯纪录，当时她参加了在澳大利亚举行的跳台跳水世界锦标赛，成为最年轻的女子世界冠军。【句式分析】本句是复合句，when在句中引导状语从句，towinthewomen'sworldtitle…作定语，修饰theyoungestfemale。Weareproudforyoutowinthechampionship.Allthegoldmedalsforthechampionshipfelltotheteam.2.【句式翻译】把酒精从体内消除是个缓慢的过程，也不可能通过任何措施如洗澡或喝杯茶或咖啡来加速其消除的过程。【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，Togetridofalcohol和tospeeditup在句中都作主语。Howtogetridofairpollutionisstillabigproblem.Aclockmeasurestime.Thisroommeasurestenmetresacross.Mr.Smithaskedthetailortomakesomenewclothestohisownmeasure.Wemusttakemeasurestopreventthewaterfrombeingpolluted.3.\n【句式翻译】明确了广告的目标群体后，研究人员就会尽量获取这个群体的有关信息，例如他们的好恶，以及如何使产品适应他们的生活。【句式分析】本句是复合句，how在句中引导定语从句，Havingidentifiedthetargetgroup是现在分词的完成形式作状语。Couldyouidentifyyourbikeamongahundredothers.Thebadweatherisidentifiedasthepossiblecauseoftheaccident.Nothavingtriedhisbest,hefailedintheexam.Havingknownthesituationwell,theycoulddealwiththeproblemefficiently.4.【解析】本句中inaway为介词短语作方式状语；which引导的定语从句修饰先行词way；hehadnoideaofhisbackgroundatall为省略了引导词that的宾语从句，作suggested的宾语。【翻译】但是他接下来谈论奥巴马的方式表明他对奥巴马的背景一无所知。5.【解析】本句中that引导宾语从句，从句中when引导的是时间状语从句，which引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代先行词overreact。【翻译】它进一步要求，当碰到与自己相反的意见时，医生不能反应过度，那样可能会让其他医生下次不敢说出自己的看法阅读答案【语篇导读】智能手机在许多方面受到人们的谴责,但是无处不在的智能手机如果运用恰当的话还是有利于人们的锻炼的,比如“PokemonGo”智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走,而使用音频可使人们跑得更多或跑得更快。1.D解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Butthesmartphonethatseemstobeeverywherecouldjusteasilyincreasephysicalactivities...”可知,无处不在的智能手机同样可以增加体力活动,所以D项符合语境。2.C解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...‘PokemonGo’phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamegotplayerstotakemorestepsthanusual.Together,thestudiesshowthepotentialforsmartphonestopusharangeofpeopletobemoreactive.”可知,智能手机游戏让玩家比平时多走,使人们更活跃,所以选C项。3. B\n解析 推理判断题。第五段中提到了一个NBA视频游戏,如果玩家在现实生活中达成目标,游戏就给他们在游戏中额外的权力。诸如此类等等来推动人们运动得更多或运动得更快。由此判断选B项。4. A解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知,作者通过展示一些研究的成果来论证手机的易用性,所以A项正确。
