小题必练15：阅读理解之词义猜测题1.正确理解文章中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础。2.英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义在不同的语境中会有所不同，能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。3.阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但许多这类生词的词义可以通过上下文推断出来，这是阅读理解中经常检测的一种能力。1.根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测【典例1】（2020·山东卷C篇节选）Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?ADevelopingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代第一段的内容，根据第一段最后一句“Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea”(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海15\n消失的文章)可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。【点拨】文章中的代词it,that,he,him或them可以指代上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指代一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时也需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事物。【典例2】（2020·浙江卷B篇节选）ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9:30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9:37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle,usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS:intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A.Increasedlengthofgreenlights.B.Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C.Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.D.Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.【答案】C【解析】指代猜测题。That位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段的内容。根据第一段内容尤其是第一段最后一句“Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.(就像交通本身一样，信号灯的时间也会变化)”可知，第一段主要讲述的是信号灯的时间会灵活变化；“Thatisbydesign.”意为“那是有意为之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信号灯的灵活时间”。2.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测【典例】（2020·江苏卷C篇节选）Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficial15\nforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“______”.A.digestthemealeasilyB.managewithoutbreakfastC.decidewiselywhattoeatD.eatwhateverisoffered【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。【点拨】短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。3.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测【典例1】（2020·全国1卷B篇节选）WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifs,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it’syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”inparagraph4referto?A.DebtB.Reward.C.Allowance.D.Facevalue.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,(虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可推知，“rereadinganauthor’sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.”意为“但是再次15\n阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B项。【点拨】根据上下句的连接词，如but,however,while,otherwise等可以推断上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而可以依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。【典例2】(2020·山东卷D篇节选)Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题。根据前半句“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）”可知，现有的研究认为：你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭。后半句认为，你真正应该避免的是thebeanpoleswithbigappetites。由contraryto可推断出，画线词和heavierpeople（超重的人）相反，结合选项，D选项（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavierpeople正好相反。故选D。4.意义吻合定句意【典例1】（2019·全国2卷B篇节选）Iguessthatthere’sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon…Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork.15\nB.Appealtofeeling.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线前句shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.和下面的一句话ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren'tevenon...可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选B。【点拨】高考阅读理解有时对某一个句子的外延含义进行考查，因此要求考生准确理解前后句表达的含义，巧解语句猜测题。【典例2】（2020·全国1卷D篇节选）AsIgrewolderandbecameamother,thelibrarytookonanewplaceandanaddedmeaninginmylife.Ihadseveralchildrenandbookswereourmainsource(来源)ofentertainment.Itwasabigdealforustoloadupandgotothelocallibrary,wheremykidscouldpickoutbookstoreadorbookstheywantedmetoreadtothem.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anaddedmeaning”inparagraph3referto?A.Pleasurefromworkinginthelibrary.B.Joyofreadingpassedoninthefamily.C.Wondermentfromactingoutthestories.D.Acloserbonddevelopedwiththereaders.【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据后文可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选书籍来阅读，或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的乐趣在家庭中代代相传”。故选B。AThedifferentpartsofahealthcaresystemhavedifferentfocuses.Ahospital’s15\nstroke（中风）unitmonitorsbloodflowinthebrain.Thecardiacunitisinterestedinthatsameflow,butthroughandfromtheheart.Eachcollectionofequipmentanddataiseffectiveinitsownfield.Thus,likethestoryofblindmenfeelinganelephant,modernhealthcareoffersmanyseparatepicturesofapatient,butrarelyausefulunitedone.Ontopofallthis,theinstrumentsthatdoctorsusetomonitorhealthareoftenexpensive,asisthetrainingrequiredtousethem.Thatcombinedcostistoohighforthemedicalsystemtoscanregularly,forearlysignsofillness,sopatientsareatriskofheartdiseaseorastroke.AnunusualresearchprojectcalledAlzEye,runbyMoorfieldsEyeHospitalinLondon,incooperationwithUniversityCollege,London(UCL),maychangethis.Itisattemptingtousetheeyeasawindowthroughwhichsignalsaboutthehealthofotherorganscouldbediscovered.Thedoctorsinchargeofit,SiegfriedWagnerandPearseKeane,arestudyingMoorfields’databaseofeyescans,whichoffersadetailedpictureofthehealthoftheretina(视网膜).Theprojectwillgoastepfurther：Withtheinformationaboutotheraspectsofpatients’healthcollectedfromotherhospitalsaroundEngland,doctorswillbeabletolookformoreaccuratesignsofdiseasethrougheyescans.TheMoorfieldsdatasethaslotsoflinkedcasestoworkwith--farmorethananysimilarproject.Forinstance,theUKBiobank,oneoftheworld’sleadingcollectionsofmedicaldataaboutindividualpeople,contains631casesofa“majorcardiacadverseevent”.TheMoorfieldsdatacontainabout12,000such.TheBiobankhasdataonabout1,500strokepatients.Moorfieldshas11,900.ForthediseaseonwhichtheMoorfieldsprojectwillfocustostartwithdementia,thedatasetholds15,100cases.Theonlycomparablestudyhas86.WagnerandKeanearesearchingforpatternsintheeyethatshowtheemergenceofdiseaseelsewhereinthebody.Ifsuchpatternscouldberecognizedreliably,thepotentialimpactwouldbehuge.1.Whydoestheauthormention“thestoryofblindmenfeelinganelephant”inParagraph1?15\nA.Toclaimtheineffectivenessofourhealthcaresystem.B.Totellthesimilarityinvarioushealthcareunits.C.Toexplainthelimitationofmodernhealthcare.D.Toshowthecomplexityofpatients'pictures.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3referto?A.Thechallengeofmakingadvancedmedicalinstruments.B.Thehighriskofgettingaheartdiseaseorastroke.C.Theinconvenienceofmodernhealthcareservice.D.Theincompleteandexpensivehealthmonitoring.3.HowdoesAlzEyework?A.Bythoroughlyexaminingone’sbodyorgans.B.Byidentifyingone’sstateofhealththrougheyescansC.Byhelpingdoctorsdiscoverone’sdiseasesoftheeyeD.Bycomparingtheeye-scandatafromdifferenthospitals.4.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheMoorfields'sprojectfromParagraph5?A.Ittakesadvantageofabundantlyavailablemedicaldata.B.Itmakesthecollectionofmedicaldatamoreconvenient.C.ItimprovestheMoorfields'competitivenessinthemedicalfield.D.ItstrengthensdatasharingbetweentheMoorfieldsandtheBiobank.【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个试图通过眼睛扫描信息来发现疾病早期迹象的研究项目。1.推理判断题。根据第一段“modernhealthcareoffersmanyseparatepicturesofapatient,butrarelyausefulunitedone.”(现代医疗保健提供了许多病人的单独照片，但很少是有用的联合照片)可知，盲人摸象的例子是为了解释现代医疗检查很少能全面地提供患者的整体情况，因此具有局限性。故选C。2.词句猜测题。前两段主要讲了现代医疗检查的片面性以及高昂的费用，结合划线句句意：由伦敦Moorfields眼科医院与伦敦大学学院(UCL)合作经营的一个名为Alzeye的不寻常的研究项目可能会改变这一点。因此推断this指代上文提到的不完整的和昂贵的健康监测。故选D。15\n3.细节理解题。根据第三段可知，它试图用眼睛作为窗口，通过它可以发现关于其他器官健康的信号。负责这项工作的医生西格弗里德·瓦格纳和皮尔斯·基恩正在研究莫尔菲尔德的眼睛扫描数据库，该数据库提供了视网膜健康的详细图片，因此可知AlzEye的工作模式是通过眼部扫描来辨别一个人的健康状况。故选B。4.推理判断题。根据第五段列举的数据信息可知，世界上领先的个人医疗数据收集之一，包含631例“主要心脏不良事件”。Moorfields的数据包含大约12000个这样的数据。生物库有大约1500名中风患者的数据。Moorfields有11,900例，Moorfields项目的重点从痴呆开始的疾病，数据集包含15,100例。唯一可比的研究有86项。因此推断Moorfields的项目较同类项目充分利用了更多现存的数据。故选A。BSmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.Thenewlaw,FamilyProtectionandDevelopmentPromotionAct,wasinitiated(启动)bytheMinistryofSocialDevelopmentandHumanSecurityandwasannouncedintheRoyalGazetteonMay22,2019.Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothers'healthresidingunderthesameroof.Inthatcase,itwillbeconsideredas“domesticviolence".ThenewlawcameintoforceonAugust20.Accordingtothecenterforresearchandknowledgemanagementfortobaccocontrol,attheFacultyofMedicalScienceofMahidolUniversity,thereareabout4.9millionhouseholdswhereoneormorefamilymemberssmoke.Anaverageof10.3millionpeoplehaveunwittingly(不知不觉地)becomepassivesmokersbecausethey’vebeenbreathinginsmokeathome.Scientificstudiesshowthatpassivesmokersareatgreaterriskofbeingaffectedbycancer.Of75childpatientsfromhouseswheresmokingispracticed,76%ofthemwerefoundtohavenicotinetracesintheirurine,with43%ofthemhavingnicotinecontentexceedingpermissiblelevels.Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisalackofsmoking,andmightaswellruinrelationships15\nbetweensmokersandnon-smokerfamilymembers.Accordingtothenewlaw,anyonewhothinkstheyareaffectedbydomesticsmokingcanreporttoofficialsconcernedsothatinspectorswillbesenttoinvestigateandtakelegalactionagainstthesmokers.Onceconvicted,thecourtmayorderapersontoreceivetreatmenttoquitsmokinginanattempttoprotecttheperson'sfamily.InFebruaryin2019,Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.5.WhatisthefactaboutthenewlawinThailand?A.Itmakesitclearthatsmokingathomeisacrime.B.I’salawonprotectingthehealthofnon-smokers.C.Itwasdraftedandadoptedbytheroyalfamily.D.Itclassifiessmokingasaformofdomesticviolence.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“curbing”inParagraph3?A.Treating.B.Changing.C.Improving.D.Controlling.7.WhatisNOTtheevilconsequenceofsmokingathome?A.Itmayincreasetheriskofcancerinpassivesmokers.B.Itwillprobablycausephysicaloremotionalviolence.C.Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.D.Itmayleadtodisharmonyinfamilyrelations.8.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthepassage?A.SmokingisillegalanywhereinThailand.B.Smokersarelesslikelytodevelopcancerthannon-smokers.C.PeoplewhosmokeathomeinThailandwillbesenttoprison.D.Thailandiscommittedtocreatingasmoke-freeenvironment.【答案】5.D6.D7.C8.D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要描述了泰国新法旨在抑制在家中吸烟，并致力于创造一个无烟的环境。15\n5.细节理解题。根据第一段中“SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种犯罪，故选D。6.词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Thelawaimsatcurbingsmokingathomewhichmightbehazardousforothers’healthresidingunderthesameroof.”可知，该法律旨在限制在家中吸烟，因为吸烟可能会危害同屋檐下的其他人的健康。所以curbing指的是控制，限制，故选D。7.推理判断题。根据第七段中“Smokingathomealso“mayleadtophysicaloremotionalviolence”becauseofaggressivenesswhenthereisalackofsmoking”可知，在家吸烟也“可能导致身体或情绪暴力”，因为在不吸烟的情况下，人们会表现出攻击性。C.Itwillmakethesmokersbecomemoreaggressive.意思为在家吸烟会使吸烟者变得更有攻击性。与原文意思不符，故选C。8.推理判断题。根据第一段中“SmokinginyourownhomeinThailandmaynowbeconsideredacrime,ifthesmokeisconsideredharmfultootherpeopleinthehouse.”可知，如果家庭中其他人认为吸烟是有害的，那么吸烟者的行为会被认定为一种家庭暴力的犯罪；再根据最后一段“InFebruaryin2019,Thailandhadbannedsmokingatsixofitsairportsalongwithabaninpublicplaces.”2019年2月，泰国在6个机场禁止吸烟，并禁止在公共场所吸烟。综上可以推断出，泰国致力于创造无烟的环境。故选D。CAswegrowold,werealizethatwehavesolittletimetoreadandtherearesomanygreatbooksthatwe’veyettogetaroundto.Yetre-readersareeverywherearoundus.Forcertainfans,re-readingTheLordoftheRingsisaconventionalpracticeannually.OnefriendtoldmethatJaneAusten'sEmmacanstillsurprisehim,despitehishavingreaditover50times.Newsuddenclearunderstandingscanbegainedfromtheprocessofre-reading.JournalistRebeccaMead,along-timeEnglishwomaninNewYork,firstcameacrossGeorgeEliot’sMiddlemarchat17.Sincethen,shehasreaditagaineveryfiveyears.Witheachre-reading,ithasopenedupfurther;ineachchapterofherlife,ithas15\nresonateddifferently.Meadevidencedthelargenumberofwaysinwhichreallygoodbooksnotonlystandthetestofrepeatreads,butalsoofferfreshgiftseachtimewecracktheirspines.Thesekindsofbooksgrowwithus.Scientistshavealsorecognizedthementalhealthbenefitsofre-reading.ResearchconductedwithreadersintheUSfoundthatonourfirstreading,weareconcernedwiththe“what”andthe“why”.Secondtimeround,we’reabletobetterappreciatetheemotionsthattheplotcontinuestoexpress.AsresearcherCristelRusselloftheAmericanUniversityexplainedreturningtoabook“bringsneworrenewedappreciationofboththegreatbookanditsreaders.”It’struethatweoftenfindformerselvesonthepagesofoldbooks(ifwe’refondofmakingnotesonthepages).Thesetextscancarryusbacktoatimeandplace,andremindusofthekindofpersonthatwewerethen.We'rechangednotonlybylivedexperiencebutalsobyreadexperience—bythebooksthatwe'vediscoveredsincelastreadingtheoneinourhand.Moresothanthemoviedirectororthemusician,thewritercallsuponourimaginations,usingwordstoleadustopicturethisdeclarationofloveorthatunfaithfulnessinlife.Abookisajointprojectbetweenwritersandreaders,andwemustpoursomuchofourselvesintoreadingthatourownlifestorycanbecomeconnectedwiththestoryinthebook.Perhapswhat’sreallystrangeisthatwedon’tre-readmoreoften.Afterall,wewatchourfavoritefilmsagainandwewouldn’tthinkoflisteningtoanalbumonlyonce.Wetreasuremessyoldpaintingsasobjects,yetofallartforms,literaturealoneisalargelyone-timedelight.Abook,ofcourse,takesupmoretime,butasMeadconfirms,therewardsmakeitadequatelyworthwhile.9.ThetwobooksarementionedinParagraph1mainlyto__________.A.attracttheattentionofreadersB.introducethetopicofthepassageC.providesomebackgroundinformationD.showthesimilaritybetweenre-readers15\n10.Theunderlinedexpression“cracktheirspines”inParagraph2refersto____________.A.recitethemB.re-readthemC.recallthemD.retellthem11.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs3and4that______________.A.readingbenefitspeoplebothmentallyandphysicallyB.readersmainlyfocusonfeelingsontheirfirstreadingC.weknowourselvesbetterthroughre-readingexperienceD.wewillchangewritersbyreadingthebooks12.Thewritingpurposeofthepassageisto______________.A.callondifferentunderstandingsofre-readingoldbooksB.argueagainstthementalhealthbenefitsofre-readingC.bringawarenesstothesignificanceofre-readingD.introducetheeffectivewaysofre-readingoldbooks【答案】9.B10.B11.C12.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。随着我们渐渐变老，我们意识到我们读书的时间很少，有很多好书，我们没有去读。但是在重新阅读的过程中，我们可以获得新的突然清晰的理解。科学家们还认识到重读会给心理健康带来好处，重读也会让我们更了解自己。9.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Forcertainfans,re-readingTheLordoftheRingsisaconventionalpracticeannually.OnefriendtoldmethatJaneAusten’sEmmacanstillsurprisehim,despitehishavingreaditover50times.”(对于某些粉丝来说，每年重读《指环王》是一种惯例。一位朋友告诉我，简·奥斯汀的《爱玛》仍然能给他带来惊喜，尽管他已经读了50多遍)以及第二段第一句Newsuddenclearunderstandingscanbegainedfromtheprocessofre-reading.可知，在重新阅读的过程中，可通过重新阅读，可以突然获得新的清晰认识。由此可推知，第一段提到这两本书主要是为了引入这篇文章的主题：通过反复阅读，可以突然获得新的清晰的认识。故选B。10.词义猜测题。根据上文“Sincethen,shehasreaditagaineveryfiveyears.Witheachre-reading,ithasopenedupfurther;ineachchapterofherlife,ithasresonateddifferently.”可知，从那时起，她每五年读一遍。每重读一遍，它会使她豁然开朗；在她生命的每个篇章中，都有不同的共鸣。由此可知，Mead证明了许多真正的好书15\n不仅经得起反复阅读的考验，而且在每次我们重新阅读它们时都能提供新鲜的礼物。故划线短语指的是“重新阅读它们”。故选B。11.推理判断题。根据第四段中“It’struethatweoftenfindformerselvesonthepagesofoldbooks(ifwe'refondofmakingnotesonthepages).Thesetextscancarryusbacktoatimeandplace,andremindusofthekindofpersonthatwewerethen.”可知，的确，我们经常会在旧书中找到过去的自己（如果我们喜欢在书页上做笔记的话）。这些文字可以带我们回到过去的时间和地点，提醒我们那时的我们是什么样的人。由此判断出，通过重读，我们更好地了解自己。故选C。12.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Newsuddenclearunderstandingscanbegainedfromtheprocessofre-reading.”可知，在重新阅读的过程中，以突然获得新的清晰认识。结合文章主要说明随着我们渐渐变老，我们意识到我们读书的时间很少，有很多好书，我们没有去读。但是在重新阅读的过程中，我们可以获得新的突然清晰的理解。科学家们还认识到重读会给心理健康带来好处，重读也会让我们更了解自己。由此可推知，这篇文章的写作目的是让人们意识到重读的重要性。故选C。DBeesseemtoflyaimlesslyastheysearchforthesugaryliquidcallednectar(花蜜).Buttheirflightplansactuallydohaveapattern.Flowersactastheinsects’air-trafficcontrollers.Andnewresearchshowsbeespreferflowersthataren’ttooflashy.Flowersgivebeescluesabouthowmuchaplantcanoffer.Thosecluescanbeinthecolorofpetals,inthetype,inthesmellorevenintheelectricalcharge.Allofthesecharacteristicssendsignalstothebees,tellingthemwhethertolandornot,amongwhichthecolorsplaythemostsignificantrole.Theinsectskeeptrackofthecoloroftheflowersthatareespeciallyrichinnectar.Theythenvisitmoreflowersofthatcolor.However,colorcan’tguaranteebeesagoodmeal.Itmaychangedependingontheangleatwhichsunlighthitsitspetals.Ayellowfollower,forexample,maylooksomewhatbluefromoneangleandredfromanother.BeverleyGloverstudiesplantsattheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland.Gloverandhercolleaguesshowed15\nthatevenwhenthecolorofpetalslookssimilar,beesbehavedifferentlyinsearchingfornectar.Theystartedtoguessthatthestrengthofpetals’indescence(色彩斑斓)mightberelatedtohowbeesfindthepetals.Gloverandhercolleaguestestedtheirhypothesisinthelab.Intheirexperiment,theyfoundthatbeesfeltconfusedsometimeswhenthepetalswereveryiridescentandthatbeeshadnoproblemfindingtheflowerswithmorenectarwhenthepetalswerenotveryiridescent.TheteamshareditsnewfindingsintheMarch21CurrentBiology.“Atfirstglance,it’sverysurprisingbecauseanimalscanusuallydetectamorevividsignalmoreeasily,”saysKlausLunau,abiologistinGermany,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.13．Whatcanweknowabouttheflightofbees?A．Theyusuallyflyinaregularpattern.B．Theyflyunderthedirectionofflowers.C．Theyusuallyflywithoutanypurpose.D．Theyflytosomeveryflashyflowers.14．Whatisthemostimportantclueforbeestosearchfornectar?A．Thepetals’type.B．Thefollowers’smell.C．Thefollowers’electricalcharge.D．Thepetals’color.15．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hypothesis”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Discussion.B．Method.C．Assumption.D．Invention16．Whatisthenewfindingoftheteam?A．Petalsthatarenotveryflashyarebetterforbeestomakeadjustments.B．Petalsofdifferentcolorusuallygivedifferentsignals.C．Petalsthatarevividaredetectedbybeesmoreeasily.D．Petalsofdifferenttypesmakebeesconfusedtofindtherightflower.【答案】13.B14.D15.C16.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。蜜蜂似乎在寻找一种叫做花蜜的含糖液体时无目的的飞行。但15\n他们的飞行计划确实有一个模式。花扮演着昆虫的空中交通管制员。新的研究表明，蜜蜂更喜欢不太浮夸的花朵。13．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Buttheirflightplansactuallydohaveapattern.Flowersactastheinsects’air-trafficcontrollers.Andnewresearchshowsbeespreferflowersthataren’ttooflashy.”可知，关于蜜蜂的飞行，我们能知道它们飞向花的方向。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“Flowersgivebeescluesabouthowmuchaplantcanoffer.Thosecluescanbeinthecolorofpetals,inthetype,inthesmellorevenintheelectricalcharge.”可知，蜜蜂寻找花蜜的最重要线索是花瓣的颜色。故选D。15．词义猜测题。根据第四段中她的同事在实验室里测试了他们的假设，在他们的实验中，他们发现，当花瓣非常艳丽时，蜜蜂有时会感到困惑；当花瓣不是很亮时，蜜蜂就会发现有更多花蜜的花朵。因此推断画线词的意思是“假设”，故选C。16．推理判断题。根据第四段中“theyfoundthatbeesfeltconfusedsometimeswhenthepetalswereveryiridescentandthatbeeshadnoproblemfindingtheflowerswithmorenectarwhenthepetalswerenotveryiridescent.”可知，这个团队的新发现是“不太光鲜的花瓣让蜜蜂调整会更好”,故选A。15
