高考维“升”素16——艺术殿堂（时间：30分钟分值：56分）维A阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)(2012·新课标全国卷)Areyoulookingforsomenewandexcitingplacestotakeyourkidsto？Trysomeoftheseplaces：·Visitartmuseums.Theyofferavarietyofactivitiestoexciteyourkids'interest.Manyofferworkshopsformakinghandmadepieces，travelingexhibits，booksignings(签名)bychildren'sfavoritewriters，andevenmusicalperformancesandotherarts.·Headtoanaturalhistorymuseum.Thisiswherekidscandiscoverthepastfromdinosaurmodelstorockcollectionsandpicturesofstarsinthesky.Also，askwhatkindofworkshopsandeducationalprogramsarepreparedforkidsandanyspecialeventsthatarecomingup.·GotoaYoutheater.Lookforoneinyourareaofferingplaysforchildandfamilyvisitors.Preshowplayshopsareconductedbyareaartistsandeducatorswherekidscandiscoverthesecretaboutperformingarts.Puppet(木偶)makingandstagemakeuparejustacoupleofthespecialofferingsyoumightfind.·Tryhandson_science.Visitoneofthemanyhandsonsciencemuseumsaroundthecountry.Thesescienceplaylandsaregreatfunforkidsandgrownupsalike.They'llkeepyourchildmentallyandphysicallyactivethewholedaythroughwhilepushingbuttons，experimenting，andbuilding.Wheneveryoneistired，enjoyafunfamilyscienceshow，commonlyfoundinthesemuseums.【语篇解读】想要为孩子寻找新鲜而又刺激地方吗？形形色色的寓教于乐的博物馆是非常理想的选择。1．Ifachildisinterestedintheuniverse，heprobablywillvisit________.A．aYoutheaterB．anartmuseumC．anaturalhistorymuseumD．ahandsonsciencemuseum8\n答案 C [考查细节理解。根据Headtoanaturalhistorymuseum一段中的第二句话可知，孩子们在这里可以了解大自然发展的历史，故C项正确。]21世纪教育网2．WhatcankidsdoataYoutheater?A．Lookatrockcollections.B．Seedinosaurmodels.C．Watchpuppetmaking.D．Giveperformances.21世纪教育网答案 C [考查细节理解。根据GotoaYoutheater一段的内容可知，在这里孩子们可以看到木偶的制作，了解舞台化妆等内容。]3．Whatdoes“handsonscience”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Sciencegamesdesignedbykids.B．Learningsciencebydoingthings.C．Ashowofkids'sciencework.D．Readingsciencebooks.答案 B [考查推理判断。根据Tryhandsonscience一段的内容可知，“handsonscience”的意思是孩子们通过自己动手来学习和体验科学知识。]4．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Asciencetextbook.B．Atouristmap.C．Amuseumguide.D．Anewsreport.答案 C [考查推理判断。综合文章的内容，可判断本文出自一份博物馆宣传册。]维B完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)选材网站：www.henry.thefreelibray.com高考曾用材料：2010山东卷完形填空选材相似度：★★★★设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★★DorothyBrownwasveryhappyasshesatinthetheatrelisteningtothemusic.TodayherlittledaughterLaurenwasgivingher__1__concert.Shehadbeenwaitingforthis__2__foryearsandyears.“Nowitishere8\natlast，”shethought.“Howbeautifulher__3__is！”Thesongmadeher__4__tothedayswhenshewasLauren's__5__.Asayoung__6__，Dorothywantedtobeaconcertsinger.Shestudied__7__inFrance，ItalyandintheUnitedStates.“Youcanbecomeafine__8__inthefuture，”herteacherstoldher.“Butyoumustbe__9__tostudyhardandworkformanyyears.Therewillbe__10__timeforanythingbutmusicinyourlife.”Dorothywas__11__atthattimeandshewas__12__thatmusicwasallshewantedorneededto__13__herlife.ForalmostayearDorothy__14__ofnothingelse.Thenshe__15__David，ayoungengineertravellingEurope.Theysoonfellin__16__.Davidaskedhertobehis__17__.DorothyalsowantedtomarryDavid.Butsheloved__18__，too.Shedidn'tknowwhattodo.Davidwasagainstherbeingasinger.Hesaid，“Ifyouwanttobeasinger，youmustforgetaboutgettingmarried.Youcan't__19__doboth.”Thusherdaysweregoneandwouldneverreturn.NowLaurenbecameasingerinsteadofher，whichwasher__20__.【语篇解读】本文使用倒叙的形式述说了Dorothy学习音乐的故事。1．A.sorryB．successfulC．firstD．wonderful答案 C [由下文的“这一时刻她等了好多年了”来看，这里说的是女儿第一次演出。由于演唱会没有开始，结果未知，因此可排除选项A、B和D。]2．A.danceB．momentC．showD．party答案 B [由下文可知，DorothyBrown也曾学习过音乐，但由于认识David并结婚而影响了自己在音乐方面的发展，现在正好让女儿来完成自己的心愿。由此可知，她“盼望这一时刻好多年了”。]3．A.voiceB．faceC．dressD．life答案 A [由“今天小女儿Lauren将举办演唱会”来看，此处说的是“她的声音真美”。]4．A.thinkofB．bringbackC．gobackD．comeback答案 C [此处意为“女儿的演出使她想到了和女儿一般大的时候的事情”。下面是回忆自己以往学习音乐的情况。gobacktothedays...意为“回忆起……的日子”。]5．A.ageB．friendC．motherD．teacher8\n答案 A [表示“和Lauren年纪相仿时”，故选A。]6．A.musicianB．popstarC．ladyD．girl答案 D [由上文“she”可知选D。]7．A.FrenchB．musicC．pianoD．dance答案 B [由上下文可知“她曾在法国、意大利和美国学习过音乐”。]8．A.actressB．studentC．singerD．dancer答案 C [由上下文可知，此处是老师告诉她她以后有能力成为一名出色的歌唱家。]9．A.preparedB．learningC．drivenD．waiting答案 A [前面说“你有能力成为一名出色的歌唱家”，现在话锋一转，“但是你必须准备好努力学习、刻苦勤奋很多年”。bepreparedtodosth表示“准备做某事”。]10．A.someB．anyC．noD．enough答案 C [这是老师继续说的话：你要把全部时间用于音乐，不能用在其他方面。]11．A.eightB．eighteenC．eightyD．eightyeight答案 B [由Dorothy遇到了David并与他结婚来看，当时她的年龄不可能是8岁、80岁或88岁。当时Dorothy为18岁比较合理。]12．A.luckyB．sureC．afraidD．fond答案 B [此处指“她确信”。]13．A.fillB．liveC．leadD．take答案 A [fillone'slife意为“充实生活”。]14．A.heardB．knewC．talkedD．thought答案 D [“有接近一年的时间，Dorothy什么也不想”，这里说的是她一心扑在学习音乐上。]15．A.sawoffB．learnedfromC．heardofD．metwith答案 D [“她遇到了在欧洲旅游的David”。meetwith意为“遇到，偶然碰到”。]16．A.loveB．feelingC．musicD．touch答案 A [从下文Dorothy也想嫁给他来看，这里说的是他们见面后不久就相爱了。fallinlove(withsb/sth)意为“爱上某人或某物”。]17．A.assistantB．teacherC．wifeD．student答案 C [从上文“他们相爱”可推测，此处说的是“David要她做他的妻子”。]18．A.himB．engineeringC．herselfD．music8\n答案 D [Dorothy也想嫁给David，“但是她也爱音乐”，她不知道该怎么办。]19．A.certainlyB．possiblyC．onlyD．mainly答案 B [由“forgetabout”可知此处指“你二者不可能兼得”。possibly可以与can't连用，表示“不可能”。]20．A.thoughtB．hopeC．purposeD．will答案 B [从上下文特别是“NowLaurenbecameasingerinsteadofher”可推测，Dorothy想成为歌唱家的愿望由女儿实现了，故此处用hope。will往往含有“遗嘱，遗愿”的意思，在此不合情理。]维C阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材网站：http：//arthistory.about.com高考曾用材料：2012新课标全国卷C篇选材相似度：★★★★设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★★Thevisualartsarethosecreationswecanlookat，suchasadrawingorapainting，sculpture，architectureandphotography，etc.Anyoneofthesedisciplinesisatypeofvisualart.Thisisthesimpleexplanation.However，thehistoryof“thearts”isnotsosimple.“Thearts”，asaterm，hasaninterestinghistory.DuringtheMiddleAges，theartswereonlylimitedtoseveninnumberanddidnotinvolvecreatinganythingatwhichpeoplelooked.Theyweregrammar，music，rhetoric，dialecticlogic，arithmetic，geometryandastronomy.Thesesevenartswereknownasthefinearts，inordertodistinguishthemfromthe“usefularts”．Why?Only“fine”people—thosewhodidn'tdomanuallabor—studiedthem.21世纪教育网Atsomepointinthefollowingcenturies，peoplerealizedtherewasadifferencebetweenascienceandanart.Thephrase“finearts”cametomeananythingthathadbeencreatedtopleasethesenses.Afterlosingthesciences，thelistnowincludedmusic，dance，operaandliterature，aswellaswhatwenormallythinkofas“art”：painting，sculpture，architectureandthedecorativearts.8\nWithintheworldofthevisualarts，peoplestillmakedistinctionsbetween“finearts”andeverythingelse—anditgetsreallyconfusing，attimes.Forinstance，we'lltalkaboutpaintingandsculpture，andautomaticallyconsidertheseasfinearts.Thedecorativearts，whichare，sometimes，ofafinernatureandcraftsmanshipthanfinearts，arenotcalled“fine”．Additionally，visualartistssometimesrefertothemselvesasfineartists，asopposedtocommercialartists.Butsomecommercialartisreallywonderful—“fine”Iwouldsay.Itwouldreallysimplifymattersifwecouldalljuststickwithvisual，auditory，performanceorliterary—whenwespeakofthearts—andremove“fine”altogether.Notes：①craftsmanshipn．技艺 ②auditoryadj.听觉的长短句分析：Itwouldreallysimplifymattersifwecouldalljuststickwithvisual，auditory，performanceorliterary—whenwespeakofthearts—andremove“fine”altogether.句法点睛：这是个主从复合句，Itwouldreallysimplifymatters为主句，if引导的是条件状语从句，其中含有一个时间状语从句whenwespeakofthearts。句意：艺术将真得让事情简单化，如果我们只局限于视觉、听觉、表演或文学——当我们谈到艺术的时候——并且彻底将“精细”划分从我们的观念中清除。【语篇解读】本文为说明文。全文主要介绍了何谓“视觉艺术”，其包括哪些艺术形式等。1．TheconceptofthevisualartscontainsthefollowingEXCEPT________.A．paintingB．sculptureC．geometryD．architecture答案 C [细节理解题。从文章开头“Thevisualartsarethosecreationswecanlookat，suchasadrawingorapainting，sculpture，architectureandphotography，etc.”一句可知C为正确答案。]2．DuringtheMiddleAges，thearts________.A．weremorethanseveninnumberB．onlyreferredtothefinearts8\nC．containedthefineartsandtheusefulartsD．werestudiedbycommonpeople答案 B [细节理解题。从第二段可知，在中世纪时，艺术仅局限于被称为finearts的七种艺术形式。]3．Whydothevisualartistscallthemselvesfineartists?A．Theythinkvisualartistsaremorerespectable.21世纪教育网B．Theythinktheirartsaremoreimpressivethanotherarts.C．Theywanttoemphasizetheydifferfromcommercialartists.21世纪教育网D．Theythinkartsshouldbecommercialized.答案 C [细节理解题。从最后一段第一句可知，视觉艺术家自称为fineartists是为了和所谓的commercialartists区分开来。]4．Accordingtotheauthor，thefinearts________.A．arebetterthanotherartformsB．isaproperconcepttorefertoartsC．isnotanaccuratetermtoclassifyartsD．areoftenadmiredbyvisualartists答案 C [细节理解题。从倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段可知，作者认为finearts的定义并不准确，且给艺术的分类带来不便。]维D根据短文内容，从下框的A～F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。(每题2分，满分10分)Smoking'sbadforyourhealth，butexactlyhowdoesquittingmakelifebetter?1.Stoppingsmokinghasbeenfoundtoslowfacialageinganddelaytheappearanceofwrinkles.Theskinofanonsmokergetsmorenutrients，includingoxygen，andcanreversethesallow，linedcomplexionthatsmokersoftenhave.2.Peoplebreathemoreeasilyandcoughlesswhentheygiveupsmokingbecausetheir8\nlungcapacityimprovesbyupto10%withinninemonths.Inyour20sand30s，theeffectofsmokingonyourlungcapacitymaynotbenoticeableuntilyougoforarun，butlungcapacitynaturallydiminisheswithage.Inlateryears，havingmaximumlungcapacitycanmeanthedifferencebetweenhavinganactive，healthyoldageandwheezingwhengoingforawalkorclimbingthestairs.3.Halfofalllongtermsmokersdieearlyfromsmokingrelateddiseases，includingheartdisease，lungcancerandchronicbronchitis.Menwhoquitsmokingby30add10yearstotheirlife.Peoplewhokickthehabitat60addthreeyearstotheirlife.Inotherwords，it'snevertoolatetobenefitfromstopping.Quittingnotonlyaddsyearstoyourlife，butitalsogreatlyimprovesthechanceofadiseasefree，mobile，happieroldage.4.Scientificstudiesshowthatpeople'sstresslevelsareloweraftertheystopsmoking.Nicotineaddictionmakessmokersstressedfromthe“withdrawal”betweencigarettes.Thepleasantfeelingofsatisfyingthatcravingisonlytemporaryandisnotarealcureforstress.Also，theimprovedlevelsofoxygeninthebodymeanthatexsmokerscanconcentratebetterandhaveincreasedmentalwellbeing.5.Within2to12weeksofstoppingsmoking，thecirculationimproves.Thismakesallphysicalactivity，includingwalkingandrunning，mucheasier.Quittingbooststheimmunesystem，makingiteasiertofightoffcoldsandflu.Theincreaseinoxygeninthebodymakesexsmokerslesstiredandlesslikelytohaveheadaches.Sopeoplewillbecomemoreenergetic.答案 1.F 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B8
