高考维“升”素30——生物保护（时间：25分钟分数：46分）维A完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)选材网站：http：//www.sciencenews.org高考曾用材料：2010重庆卷E篇选材相似度：★★★★设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★★Beingsurroundedbysharksmaysoundlikeabadthing，butscientistssaysharksareactuallyagoodsignofoceanhealth.__1__knowingthat，EnricSala，amarineecologistandNationalGeographicFellow，wasalittle__2__whenhefirstdivedatKingmanReef，theheartofamassive，newly__3__areasouthofHawaiinowcalledthePacificRemoteIslandsMarineNationalMonument.“The__4__timeIjumpedinthewater，assoonasthebubbles__5__，myheartbeatdoubled—therewereadozensharksswimmingaroundusandso__6__coralsonthebottomthattherewasnoteven__7__forsandbetweenthem，”saysSala.Salaledaseriesof__8__totheregion'scoralreefsoverthepastseveralyears，__9__partofhisworkattheScrippsInstitutionofOceanographyinLaJolla，Calif.Histeam's__10__aboutsharksandcoralstherehelped__11__theU．S.governmenttosetupthenewmonument，wherefishingforsharksoranythingelseisnow__12__.Groupsaroundtheworldareworkingto__13__otherhugeprotectedoceanareasinhopesof__14__someoftheplanet'smostincredibleandimportantspots.PresidentGeorgeW．Bushsetupanothernewmarine__15__，orprotectedarea，__16__thePacificRemoteIslandsMarineNationalMonumentjustbeforehe__17__officeinJanuary.Thereserve__18__watersaroundseveralgroupsofislandsnearKingmanReef，__19__is1,000milessouthofHawaii，anditcovers86,888squaremiles.That'sbiggerthanthesizeofVirginiaandTennessee__20__.Note：7\nmarineecologist海洋生态学家【语篇解读】科学家们对海洋生物的发现促成美国建立了海洋生物保护区。保护区发挥了极大的作用，不仅有利于科学家的研究，更重要的是保护了一些稀有的种类，其他一些国家也纷纷效仿。1．A.EverB．EvenC．WithoutD．Insteadof答案 B [联系下文“myheartbeatdoubled”可知，“即使”知道鲨鱼是海洋健康的标志，EnricSala也是有些紧张的。]2．A.excitedB．happyC．nervousD．sad答案 C [联系到鲨鱼是凶猛的动物，在鲨鱼附近也是有些紧张的。A有一定的干扰性，excited的意思是“兴奋的”，不符合面临凶猛动物时的心情。]3．A.protectedB．builtC．surroundedD．founded答案 A [联系下文可知，“thePacificRemoteIslandsMarineNationalMonument”是一个保护区。]4．A.lastB．earlyC．firstD．good答案 C [联系下文的“myheartbeatdoubled”可知，这是Sala第一次到洋底时的情况。]5．A.gatheredB．appearedC．passedD．cleared答案 D [联系下文的“therewereadozensharksswimmingaroundus...”可知，这是气泡散尽后看到的景象，因此用cleared。]6．A.manyB．fewC．largeD．frightening答案 A [联系下文的“therewasnoteven__7__forsandbetweenthem”可知，珊瑚很多。]7．A.waterB．lightC．spaceD．sight答案 C [因为鲨鱼和珊瑚很多，几乎没有容纳沙子的空间。]8．A.divesB．expeditionsC．experimentsD．discoveries答案 B [联系空后的“totheregion'scoralreefs”可知，他领导了几次去珊瑚礁的远征。]9．A.asB．withC．likeD．under答案 A [这些远征作为他工作的一部分。]10．A.findingsB．informationC．researchD．cares7\n答案 A [联系空后的“aboutsharksandcorals”可知，他们对鲨鱼和珊瑚有了一些发现。C有一定的干扰性，research意为“研究”。]11．A.forceB．inspireC．begD．allow答案 B [在那里的发现敦促政府建立保护区。]12．A.permittedB．limitedC．forbiddenD．measured答案 C [因为这里是保护区，因此捕杀鲨鱼和其他动物是禁止的。]13．A.setoutB．startoutC．setoffD．setup答案 D [联系空后的“hugeprotectedoceanareas”可知，是建立保护区。setout意为“开始，着手”；startout意为“开始”；sefoff意为“出发”。]14．A.makingB．savingC．buildingD．seeing答案 B [建立保护区是希望挽救一些重要的地方。]15．A.reserveB．spotC．areaD．space答案 A [联系空后的“orprotectedarea”可得答案。]16．A.calledB．namedC．toldD．given答案 A [“thePacificRemoteIslandsMarineNationalMonument”是保护区的名字，因此用called。]17．A.tookB．leftC．controlledD．lost答案 B [布什总统在一月份离开白宫前建立了这个保护区。联系空前的“before”和空后的“inJanuary”可得答案。]18．A.excludesB．coversC．includesD．makes答案 C [联系空后的“watersaroundseveralgroupsofislands”可知，保护区包含几个岛的水域。]19．A.itB．whichC．whereD．that答案 B [which引导了非限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。]20．A.separatedB．combinedC．dividedD．connected答案 B [联系空前的“biggerthanthesize”可知，这个保护区比Virginia和Tennessee两个加起来还要大。]维B1阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材网站：www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki高考曾用材料：2012大纲全国卷ⅡA篇7\n选材相似度：★★★★设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★★KatharineMehta'smotherlikestojokethatthefirstsentenceherdaughtersaidwas“Ilovedogs.”It'snotthefact，butit'scertainlytrueinspirit.“WhenIwasyoung，mygrandmothertoldmeabouthowshesometimesfoundstraydogsandcats，andkeptthemonherfarmaspets，”saysKatharine.“Thatmademewonderwhatwouldhappenwhenanimalsdidn'thaveahome.Ifelthorriblethinkingthattheymightbehungryorcouldgethitbyacar.”Butwhatcouldalittlegirldo?TheanswercameduringatriptoaparkinherNewYorkCityneighborhoodtwoyearsago，whereshemetvolunteersfromMightyMutts，alocalnokillanimalrescueorganization.“IthoughtmaybeIcouldearnsomemoneyandgiveittothem，”shesays.SinceKatharinehadplentyofpracticetakingcareofherowndog，shedecidedtostartasummerdogwalkingservice.Shechosetwofriendsand，withtheirparents'permission，thegroupputuphomemadeposterswiththeirphonenumbersandabargainprice—50centsanhour.Beforelongtheyhad15dogsintheircare.“Wewalkedtwoorthreeatatimewithonemotherhelpingout，”shesays.“Bytheendofthatsummer，we'dcollected$45.”ThatfallKatharineandhermother，Loma，cameupwithanotherminienterprisetoraisemoneyforMightyMutts—sellingfreshbakedshortbreadtotheirneighbors.The11yearold，whostartssixthgradethisfall，hasbecomeanonstopcampaigner.Hermothersays，“Whensheseessomebodywithadog，shestartsaconversationandtellsthemtodonatetoMightyMutts.”Katharine'spassioncomesfromtheheart.“Itmakesmecrytothinkthatstraysmightbe_put_to_sleepwhenthere'sagroupthatcanfindnewhomesforthem，”Katharinesays.“ButitmakesmesmiletoknowIcanhelp.”Notes：①strayadj.流浪的 ②shortbreadn．黄油甜酥饼【语篇解读】本文主要讲了11岁女孩Katharine是如何关爱和帮助流浪狗等小动物的。7\n1．Katharine'sloveofdogscomesfrom________.A．hergrandmother'sinfluenceB．hermother'sinfluenceC．theinfluenceofanorganizationD．seeingadogkilledbyacar答案 A [细节理解题。由第二段可知，Katharine关心流浪狗是受奶奶的影响。]2．HowdidKatharinehelptheorganization—MightyMutts?A．Bywalkingstraydogs.B．Bygivingshortbreadtostraydogs.C．Bycollectingmoney.D．Bymakingspeecheseverywhere.答案 C [推理判断题。由第三、四段可知，Katharine为别人遛狗挣钱，然后捐给MightyMutts，并且经常劝说养狗的人为MightyMutts捐款，故选C。]3．Theunderlinedpart“beputtosleep”inthelastparagraphmeans“________”．A．tobesuppliedwithacomfortableplaceforsleepingB．tobegivendrugssothattheycandiewithoutpainC．tobemadeunconsciousbeforeamedicaloperationD．tobemadetosleep答案 B [词义猜测题。Katharine很有爱心，非常关心无家可归的小动物，所以她一想到流浪的小动物被人们用药物所谓“仁道地”杀死，她就会心痛地流泪。puttosleep意为“用药物使(长眠)，无痛苦地杀死”。]4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．KatharineandherpetsB．AnorganizationforrescuingstraydogsC．PetdogsarepopularwithchildrenD．Alittlegirlhelpsstrays答案 D [主旨大意题。全文主要讲述了小女孩Katharine帮助、关爱流浪狗，故正确答案为D。]维B2阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)7\n选材网站：www.pajamadeen.com高考曾用材料：2012山东卷C篇选材相似度：★★★★设题相似度：★★★难度系数：★★★★★We'refortunatetolivealongamonarchbutterflymigrationpath.Everyfall，thousandsofthemflythroughourbackyard，headedsouthforthewinter.Wealwaysthoughtthatabutterflywithabrokenwingwasasadsight，butonewecoulddonothingabout.Wewerewrong!JeannetteBrandtwasbikeridingnearHadley，inthesouthernAdirondacksofNewYork，afewweeksagowhenshespottedaninjuredmonarchbutterflyandtookithomeinanemptywaterbottle.Brandtandherpartner，MikeParwana，fedthebutterflyrottingpearsandwatersweetenedwithhoney.Thebutterflysurvived，andfattenedup.Butwhattodoaboutthebrokenwing?ThecouplefoundanonlinevideodemonstratingbutterflywingrepairwhichwaspostedbythenonprofitLiveMonarchFoundationofBocaRaton，Florida.Tinycardboardsplintsandcontactcementdidthetrick.Inanotherweek，thebutterflywasflyingatthecouple'shome.Butbythen，itwastoocoldinupstateNewYorktoreleasethemonarchintothewild.Monarchsareknownfortheir3,000milesmigrationfromCanadatoMexico.ButthismigrationisusuallyfinishedbytheendofOctober，anditwasmidNovember.Aboutaweekago，thecoupleputthemonarchinashoeboxandwenttoScotty's，atruckstopnorthofAlbany，NY.Eventually，agoodnaturedtruckerfromAlabama，whowasheadedtoFlorida，volunteeredtotransportthemonarchtotheSunshineState.LastTuesday，thetruckercalled.ThebutterflywiththemendedwinghadbeenreleasedinFlorida，nowfreetojoinmillionsofothermonarchbutterfliesmigratingsouthtothemountainsofcentralMexico.Note：cardboardsplintsandcontactcement薄纸夹板和接触粘合剂【语篇解读】本文记叙的是一对美国夫妇和一位卡车司机救助一只在迁徙中翅膀受伤的帝王蝶的故事。7\n1．WecanlearnfromParagraphOnethatthebutterfly________.A．washitbyamotorbikeB．wasnoticedbyaUSwomanC．wouldspendwinterinHadleyD．wastoooldtogoonflying答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“JeannetteBrandt...whenshespottedaninjuredmonarchbutterfly...”可知，这只受伤的帝王蝶是由一位美国妇女发现的。]2．Themainproblemofthebutterfly'swingwas________.A．howtotreattheillnessofthebutterflyB．howtokeepthebutterflyathomeC．howtohelpthebutterflyreachMexicoD．howtogetthebutterfly'sfavoritefood答案 C [推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“Butbythen，itwas...intothewild”和第五句“Monarchsareknown...fromCanadatoMexico”可知，蝴蝶翅膀修复以后，主要的困难就是如何帮助它到达墨西哥以完成迁徙。]3．Accordingtothelastparagraph，thecouplewenttoScotty'sto________.A．askhelpfromtruckdriversB．releasethebutterflythereC．attracttheattentionofthepublicD．askforexperts'advice答案 A [推理判断题。由最后一段可知，在一位好心的卡车司机的帮助下，这只帝王蝶赶上了浩荡的蝴蝶迁徙队伍。]4．Whatdoestheauthorseemtoagree?A．Itisuselesstolearntorepairinsects'wings.B．Amonarchbutterfly'swingsarelikelytogethurt.C．Amonarchbutterflycanbekeptasapet.D．Itisquitepossibletorepairabutterfly'swings.答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Wealwaysthought...donothingabout”和第四句“Wewerewrong”，再联系本文故事可知，作者认为修复蝴蝶翅膀是完全可能的。]7
