江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习主谓一致牛津版【要点提示】所谓主谓一致，主要是指主语和谓语动词在“人称”和“数”上的一致，其基本原则有三个：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和邻近原则。下面就初中阶段需要掌握的重点内容作一归纳。1.主语是单数，即使后面跟with，except，aswellas等引导的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。例如：MrGreenwithtwostudentsisstandingoutsidetheclassroom.2.each以及由every,some,any,no等构成的不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：Eachofthechildrenhasanapple.Everythingbeginstogrowfastinspring.3.动词不定式（短语）、v-ing形式（短语）等在句中作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如：Todoismuchmoredifficultthantosay.Climbinghillsishishobby.4.表示时间、金钱、长度等的短语作主语表示整体时，谓语动词常用单数形式。例如：Threeyearshasalreadypassed.5.“oneof+复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Oneofthestudentswashurtintheaccident.6.family，class，police等集体名词作主语表示整体概念时，谓语动词用单数形式；若表示具体成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Hisfamilyismovingnextmonth.Hisfamilyenjoywatchingthefootballmatch.★但是people一词在表示“人”时，总是表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Look!ThreeAmericanpeopleareplayingwiththedog.7.由and连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果表示的是一种事物或一个概念时，谓语动词则用单数形式。例如：Hismotherandhissisteraregoodatdancing.Theteacherandwriteristhetwins’father.8.“some/all/half/most/therest/分数等+of+名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的数。例如：Halfofthemilkwaspolluted.TherestofthedoctorsareallfromCanada.9.what,who等疑问代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。但是，如果说话人确信回答中要用复数主语（尤其是问句中的某些词语表明答句中要用复数主语时），则可用动词的复数形式。例如：What’sinthebox?Whohavenotreceivedtheirpostcards?10.“...pair(s)/kind(s)/sort(s)等+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与pair(s)/kind(s)/sort(s)等保持一致。例如：Thiskindofbookisinteresting.Thesekindsofbooksaresoldwell.3\n11.“none/neither/either+of+复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数形式均可。例如：Neitherofthemare/iswelcome.12.either...or.../neither...nor.../...or.../notonly...butalso...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词一般和与之靠近的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即采用邻近原则。therebe句型中的谓语动词的数也常采用该原则。例如：Eitheryouorhehastostayathome.HasLucyoryoucalledme?★但是both...and...连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：BothheandshearegoodatEnglish.【专项练习】Ⅰ.请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。()1.—Doyoulivealone,MrChen?—Yes,__________ofmychildrenliveswithme.A.neitherB.bothC.allD.nothing()2.Tome,fiftyyuan__________enough.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are()3.Twothirdsofthebirdsintheforest__________killedbypeoplelastyear.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen()4.Tomwithotherboys__________towatchthegame.A.wantB.wantsC.hadwantedD.havewanted()5.Doingeyeexerciseseveryday__________goodforyoureyes.A.areB.isC.hasD.have()6.Hisfamily__________allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily__________ahappyone.A.are;isB.is;isC.are;areD.is;are()7.Oneofthebooks__________writtenbyapoliceman.A.wasB.areC.wereD.be()8.Eitheryouorhe__________thechancetodrivetoBeijing.A.isB.areC.haveD.has()9.—__________thispairofshoesyourfather’s?—No.They__________mybrother’s.A.Are;isB.Are;areC.Is;areD.Is;is()10.—__________someonecomingthisevening?—I’mnotsure.A.WasB.IsC.AreD.WereⅡ.下列各句带下划线部分中有一处错误，请找出并改正。1.Thenumberofthestudentsare50.________________2.Physicsseemeasyforhim.________________3\n3.Arethereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?______________4.Mostofthewaterarecleaninthecountryside._________________5.BothTomandIwasstudentsatthattime._____________________参考答案主谓一致专项练习Ⅰ.1-5ACABB6-10AADCBⅡ.1.are→is2.seem→seems3.Are→Is4.are→is5.was→were3
