江苏省句容市后白中学中考英语语法复习介词牛津版【要点提示】介词是虚词，用来表示句子中词与词之间的关系。英语中的常用介词就其形式而言，可以分为简单介词（如at,in,for,with等）、合成介词（如into,outside,without等）、短语介词（如asfor,insteadof,infrontof等）和分词介词（如including,past等）。下面是几组介词的比较：一、表示时间的介词1.at,on,inat表示在某一时间点，在某一时刻，如at6o’clock,atnight等。on表示在具体的某天或在具体某天的上（下）午或晚上等，如onSunday,onanautumnevening等。in表示在某一时段，多数情况下可以和during互换，如in1998,inthe20thcentury等。2.after,in表示在某一段时间之后时，after一般可用于多种时态，而in常与将来时态连用。如：Hewillbebackintwohours.Helefthomeaftertwodays.3.for,from,sincefor后接时间段，表示行为、状态持续的时间；from后接时间点，表示该行为、状态的开始；since后接时间点，表示该行为或状态从此时间点一直持续到现在，多与现在完成时态连用。如：IstayedinLondonforthreeweeks.ThegirlbegantolearnEnglishfromtheageoffour.Hehasworkedheresince1971.二、表示位置和方向的介词1.on,above,over,below,underon表示“在……（平面）上”，强调与物体表面接触；above表示“在……上方”，反义词为below；over表示“在……（垂直）上方”，反义词是under。2.at,inat表示“在……(地点)”，通常是某一点的位置，指相对较小的地方。如：Wewillmeetatthestation.in表示“在……内”，指相对较大的地方。如：HeworksinHongKong.3.infrontof,inthefrontofinfrontof表示“在（物体外部的）前面”；inthefrontof表示“在（物体内部的）前面”。如：Thereisatalltreeinfrontofourclassroom.ThereisabigTVsetinthefrontofourclassroom.三、表示工具、方式或手段的介词by,in,on都可表示乘坐某种交通工具。by后可接交通工具的名词，也可接非交通工具的名词，中间不用冠词，如bybike/plane/sea/air等。而on,in后跟交通工具名词时，常要加限定词，如冠词、指示代词、物主代词等。如inhiscar,onmybike等，但要注意“步行”要用onfoot。四、其它常用的介词1.with表示“用某种工具、方式（抽象）”，也可表示“用某种材料”，还可表示“和……4\n一起”、“具有，带有”。如：Icuttheappleintopieceswithaknife.I’dliketogowithyou.Sheisabeautifulgirlwithbrighteyes.2.toto意为“向；去；为；对……”等。如：Heturnedtomeandsmiled.Tome,it’smoreimportant.3.except,besides,besideexcept意为“除了……之外,（其余都）……”；besides意为“除……之外，（还，也）”；beside意为“在……旁边”。如：NoneofushasbeentotheGreatWallexceptJim.Besidesmilkandcheese,weneedvegetables.Hewasstandingbesideacar.【介词专练】Ⅰ.请根据句意，用适当的介词填空。1.Thereisapicture_____________thewall.2.Shewillarrive_______________Nanjingtomorrow.3.Iliketolook_____________thestars____________thesky______________night.4.Thetemperatureis15℃______________zero.(-15℃)5.Humanbeingscan’tlive_______________air.6.It’sverynice________________youtosayso.7.I’mlookingforwardtohearing____________________Jim.8.Everyonewentfishing__________________Tombecausehewasill.9.LucylearnsChinese________________listeningtotheradio.10.Theriverruns_______________thecityfromthewesttotheeast.Ⅱ.请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。()1.Weallagree____________you.Let’sstart____________once.A.to;inB.at;forC.with;atD.on;at()2.Mysisterusuallythinks___________ChinesefirstandthensheturnsherwordsintoEnglish.A.byB.inC.withD.through()3.Theteacher__________abook__________hishandcameovertotheblackboard.A.with,inB.不填,inC.on,onD.with,不填()4.__________thehelpofhisteacher,hebecomesgoodatEnglish.A.UnderB.OnC.WithD.For()5.It’suseful_____________youtolearntodrive.A.ofB.forC.withD.at()6.Communicationisveryimportantinourlife.It’sabridge___________theoldandtheyoung.A.acrossB.overC.betweenD.among()7.Don’trun____________thestreetwhilethetrafficlightsarered.A.throughB.alongC.acrossD.on()8.Thereisapark_____________thebackofMrGreen’shouse.4\nA.behindB.atC.inD.on()9.MrSmithwillcomeback___________threedays.A.inB.forC.onD.at()10.Let’sgo__________theroad.Theshopis_________theotherside.A.across;onB.over;inC.through;inD.between;on()11.Herearesomeflowers__________you___________bestwishes.A.to,forB.for,withC.of,toD.from,to()12.Wewerepleasedthathewas__________ourplan.A.forB.againstC.withD.on()13.Hegotachairtosit_________,butnobodytotalk________.A.in,toB.不填,withC.on,不填D.不填,to()14.Thanks_________ourteacher,wewereabletosolvetheproblem.A.forB.toC.inD.with()15.Nobodycanstopme__________workinghardatEnglish.A.forB.onC.fromD.in()16.Wehaveboughtahouse__________asmallgardeninfrontofit.A.withB.ofC.nearD.in()17.We’llleave__________Beijing____________mydad’scar.A.on,inB.for,onC.for,inD.in,in()18.Hehasnopentowrite___________,becausehelefthispencil-boxathomethismorning.A.onB.forC.withD.in()19.Weshouldn’tlaugh_____________others.A.inB.atC.toD.for()20.Igot___________thecity____________10.00p.m.A.on,atB.to,atC.in,inD.at,in()21.Jimwaited__________thebusstop___________twentyminutes.A.in,atB.for,forC.at,forD.from,of()22.Reading_________thesunisn’tgood_________youreyes.A.under,forB.in,forC.in,atD.under,at()23.MrGreengot_________thebusnearthesupermarketandthenhewenthome___________foot.A.off,onB.to,onC.on,byD.off,by()24.Swimmingisgood____________ourhealth,but_________thesametimeweshouldn’tforgetthedanger.A.for,inB.for,atC.at,atD.at,on()25.Wehavelivedhere__________theyearof2000.A.inB.sinceC.beforeD.afterⅢ.请在下面短文的空白处填入适当的介词。Ifyouwere(1)______________trouble,whatwouldyoudo?Wouldyouwait,ask(2)_______________helporsolveitbyyourself?Hereisastory(3)4\n_________________thistopic.Once,aterribleflooddestroyedthewholevillage.Amaninfrontofahousewassurrounded(围住)bytheflood,buthewasnotveryscared,becausehealwaysbelievedinGod.HethoughtGodwaskeepinghimthereforhissafety.(4)_____________thatmoment,abigwoodenboardcame.Ifhecaughtit,theboardwouldhelphimbecomesafe,butthemankeptwaitingforGod.Hedidn’ttakealook(5)__________itatall.Thenasmallboatpassedby,butthemanstillkeptwaitinganddidnothing.Soontheboatwasgone,too.Thewaterwasdeeperanddeeper,andthehousewasgoingtobebroken.Twopeopleinanotherboatwereworried(6)___________himandshoutedtohim,“Comedownandgo(7)_____________us!”ButthepoormanstayedthereandkeptwaitingforGod.Youcanguesstheresulteasily.Themandied(8)______________theend.WhenhesawGodinheaven,hecomplained(9)_______________God,“Whydidn’tyousaveme?”Godsaidhehadtriedtosavehim.Thebigwoodenboard,thesmallboat,andthetwomenwereallthehelpershehadsenttohelphim,butthemanrefusedthem.(10)____________thiswecanseethatGodhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Ifyoudon’thelpyourself,Godwon’thelpyou,either.参考答案介词专练Ⅰ.1.on2.in3.at,in,at4.below5.without6.of7.from8.except9.by10.throughⅡ.1-5CBACB6-10CCBAA11-15BAABC16-20ACCBB21-25CBABBⅢ.1.in2.for3.about4.At5.at6.about7.with8.in9.to10.From4
